CN101705260A - Method for producing gamma-polyglutamic acid by inert carrier solid state fermentation method - Google Patents

Method for producing gamma-polyglutamic acid by inert carrier solid state fermentation method Download PDF

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CN101705260A
CN101705260A CN200910228297A CN200910228297A CN101705260A CN 101705260 A CN101705260 A CN 101705260A CN 200910228297 A CN200910228297 A CN 200910228297A CN 200910228297 A CN200910228297 A CN 200910228297A CN 101705260 A CN101705260 A CN 101705260A
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polyglutamic acid
fermentation
solid
solid state
inert carrier
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乔长晟
钟堃
陈笑
蒋磊
徐勇虎
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Tianjin Peiyang Biotrans Biotech Co Ltd
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Tianjin Peiyang Biotrans Biotech Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a novel method for producing gamma-polyglutamic acid by an inert carrier solid fermentation method and relates to a novel process for utilizing an inert adsorbing carrier material in the solid fermentation of Bacillus subtilis (the strain is preserved in a CGMCC with bacterial strain No. CGMCC3336) to produce polyglutamic acid. The method comprises the following steps of: selecting a non-toxic inert carrier with good physical water absorption, stable property and porous structure, uniformly mixing with a liquid culture medium vaccinated with the Bacillus subtilis strain according to a certain proportion and delivering into a solid reactor to carry out fermentation; then extracting a substrate after solid fermentation by water and detecting the polyglutamic acid content. By using the invention, the fermenting efficiency of the polyglutamic acid is improved and the transfer efficiency of oxygen in the process of fermentation is promoted; meanwhile, because the inert carrier can be repeatedly used, the discharge of solid waste is greatly reduced; and the method has high fermenting equipment utilization ratio, shortened fermenting period, easy separation and extraction of products, low running cost and obvious economic benefits, improves the yield and the purity of the polyglutamic acid and is beneficial for industrialized production.

Description

The method of producing gamma-polyglutamic acid by inert carrier solid state fermentation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fermentation engineering field, be specifically related to a kind of cultural method that inert support is applied to Bacillus licheniformis solid state fermentation production gamma-polyglutamic acid-.
Background technology
Gamma-polyglutamic acid-[γ-poly (glutamic acid), γ-PGA], be to pass through γ-amido linkage in conjunction with a kind of polymer aminoacid polymers that forms by L-L-glutamic acid [L-Glu], D-L-glutamic acid [D-Glu], gamma-polyglutamic acid-is as a kind of high molecular polymer, have some unique physics, chemistry and biology characteristic, as biodegradability, good biocompatibility, strong water-retentivity, to characteristics such as human body toxicological harmlesss.These characteristics have determined the extensive use of gamma-polyglutamic acid-in fields such as agricultural, food, medicine, environmental protection, cosmetic industry, tobacco, leather process industry and plant seed protections.
The main method of at present synthetic γ-PGA is chemical synthesis, extraction method and microorganism liquid fermentation method etc.But the chemical synthesis synthetic route is long, and byproduct is many, and yield is low and molecular weight is relatively little, is not enough to satisfy the demand of society.Extraction method is because this product inherent characteristic, makes the extraction process complexity, and cost is higher, can't scale operation.Research method mainly concentrates on the liquid submerged fermentation method.Adopt biological fermentation process prepare polyglutamic acid aspect, patent mainly concentrates on fields such as bacterial classification transformation, liquid state fermentation, extraction process, but the output of microorganism deep fermentation production polyglutamic acid is not high, and high production cost fails to realize large-scale industrial production, so that influenced the application of this material.Husky people such as grade green for a long time (2004) has invented and has utilized bacillus natto, is the method that raw material by solid fermentation is produced γ-PGA with the soybean, and the medium people of Sun Wei (2005) has then invented and utilized the agricultural byproducts solid state fermentation to produce the method for γ-PGA.But do not find to adopt the process for solid state fermentation of inert support as yet.
Bacterium is applicable to solid state fermentation and generates many valuable meta-bolitess.Because solid state fermentation often adopts the starch-containing and cellulosic crop products of wheat bran, soya-bean cake, millet, cottonseed cake, potato and other etc. as fungus culture matrix.But this method weak point is exactly a carbon source is their structure integral part, and in the microbial fermentation process of growth, substratum is decomposed, substrate lumps easily, porosity also reduces, and variation has all taken place for the profile of substrate and physical property as a result, has reduced mass transfer and the heat transfer in the fermenting process.With the inert solid carrier is the solid phase of solid ferment process, and the nutrition of microorganism growth is the nutrient solution that is adsorbed on the carrier, can carry out suitable adjusting to the substratum nutritive ingredient; Easily in the hydrolysis products each composition and analyze, thereby help control and the dynamics research and the modelling etc. of fermenting process.In addition, inert carrier adsorption of solid state fermentation also has product and extracts easy advantage, can extract extracellular products at an easy rate from inert support, and resulting product contains less impurity, and carrier can also be reused.
Metabolism is producing important influence to microorganism cells microenvironment of living in to microorganism growth, and wherein the character at the kind of the water-activity of microenvironment, pH, nutritive substance, concentration, interface, specific surface area, dissolved oxygen etc. are all multifactorly all can produce significant effects to the distributions of various microorganisms in microbial growth metabolism and the many bacterium mixed solid fermentation process, quantity.If solid phase carrier participates in the growth metabolism of cell as the part of microbial nutrition material, in microorganism growth process, these solid phase carriers shrink caking easily, and porosity is reduced, and influence heat and mass transport efficient in the fermenting process and have increased the complicacy of system.And inert support can be avoided the defective of caving in of non-inert support, helps oxygen supply and keeps ydrodynamics characteristic preferably.Simultaneously, hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl isopolarity group are often contained in the inert support surface, can be in order to regulate microenvironment water activity, pH and interfacial property etc. by changing its quantity and kind.
Because the inert carrier adsorption of solid state fermentation has the advantage that the conventional solid-state fermentation is not had, it will be a new research direction in the fermentation engineering, to help process control, raising solid state fermentation efficient and the reactor design of solid state fermentation, in Industrial processes, will play an important role.This fermentation process is also very immature at present, many aspects still belong to blank, along with other solid-state fermentation technology, the application in solid ferment process as air pressure oscillation fermenter technology and computer procedures control techniques, this method will be more and more perfect, thereby bring brand-new development prospect to fermentation industry.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of energy consumption is low, investment is little, it is few to pollute, plant factor height, the inert carrier adsorption of solid state fermentation method for producing of the gamma-polyglutamic acid-of considerable benefit.
The present invention solves this technical problem the technical scheme that is adopted:
1. the preparation of substratum
(1) preservation isolation medium: LB substratum: the old 10g/L of Trypsin, yeast extract 5g/L, NaCl10g/L, agar 15-20g/L, 7.2,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
(2) seed culture medium: K 2HPO 40.5g/L, ferric ammonium citrate 0.5g/L, MgSO 47H 2O 0.5g/L, glycerine 20.0g/L, citric acid 2.0g/L, L-L-glutamic acid 4.0g/L, 7.4,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
(3) fermention medium: L-L-glutamic acid 20.0g/L, citric acid 12.0g/L, glycerine 80.0g/L, NH 4Cl 7.0g/L, K 2HPO 40.5g/L, MgSO 47H 2O 0.5g/L, FeCl 36H 2O 0.04g/L, CaCl 2.0.075g/L, MnSO 4H 2O 0.104g/L, 7.4,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
2. actication of culture: with slant strains---Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus subtilis, this bacterial strain now has been preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center, bacterium numbering CGMCC3336) switching storage medium, 37 ℃ of activation culture 12-24h;
3. seed culture: choose well-grown inclined-plane as seed, utilize in inoculation articulating one ring thalline and the seed culture medium, in 37 ℃, 200~260r/m is cultivation 1~2d down, makes seed liquor;
4. fermentation culture: the seed culture fluid that makes is inoculated in the fermention medium with 10~15% (v/v) inoculum size, mixes with the inert support of the bacterium of going out according to the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 1~1: 5 (w/w) again, make nutrient solution absorption evenly.Under aseptic technique, open the solid-state reactor opening for feed, slowly charging, 34~40 ℃ of design temperatures, it is 0.5~2.5vvm that the adjusting ventilation system makes ventilation, mixing speed is 5~35r/min, intermittently stir,, stir 20min every 6h, the fermentor tank interior humidity is controlled at 60%~75%, and fermentation period is 3-4d.
5. the detection of polyglutamic acid: after the fermentation ends, obtain the polyglutamic acid fermented liquid, detect the content of polyglutamic acid by adding flooding.
The present invention compared with prior art, beneficial effect is: 1) present method is to carry out the inert carrier adsorption of solid state fermentation on a substratum that has than high uniformity, conforming solid state fermentation microenvironment, culture system relates to gas-liquid, solid, three-phase, gas phase is an external phase, the Bacillus licheniformis requisite oxygen is mainly from gas phase, reduced the consumption of sterile air, and air is less by the resistance of solid layer, consuming little energy; 2) the solid state fermentation microenvironment is beneficial to the metabolism of Bacillus licheniformis, can from inert support, extract gamma-polyglutamic acid-at an easy rate after the fermentation ends, high concentration of substrate can produce high production concentration, and resulting product contains less impurity, improved the productive rate and the purity of polyglutamic acid; 3) and the solid phase in the inventive method be inert support, can not collapse hardening caking of fermentation later stage substratum, be beneficial to mass transfer and heat transfer, keep ydrodynamics characteristic preferably, and hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl isopolarity group are often contained in the inert support surface, can be in order to regulate microenvironment water activity, pH and interfacial property etc. by changing its quantity and kind; 4) because inert support can use repeatedly, reduced the quantity discharged of solid-state waste residue, help environmental protection, and running cost has been cheap, the plant factor height, energy consumption is low, investment is little, pollution is few, and economic benefit is obvious, is beneficial to suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and following examples are descriptive, is not restrictive, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with this.
Embodiment 1
1. culture medium preparation
(1) preservation isolation medium: LB substratum: the old 10g/L of Trypsin, yeast extract 5g/L, NaCl10g/L, agar 15-20g/L, 7.2,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
(2) seed culture medium: K 2HPO 40.5g/L, ferric ammonium citrate 0.5g/L, MgSO 47H 2O 0.5g/L, glycerine 20.0g/L, citric acid 2.0g/L, L-L-glutamic acid 4.0g/L, 7.4,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
(3) fermention medium: L-L-glutamic acid 20.0g/L, citric acid 12.0g/L, glycerine 80.0g/L, NH 4Cl 7.0g/L, K 2HPO 40.5g/L, MgSO 47H 2O 0.5g/L, FeCl 36H 2O 0.04g/L, CaCl 2.0.075g/L, MnSO 4H 2O 0.104g/L, 7.4,121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 15min of pH;
2. actication of culture
With slant strains---Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus subtilis, this bacterial strain now has been preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center, bacterium numbering CGMCC No.3336) switching separating and preserving substratum, 37 ℃ of activation culture 12-24h;
3. seed culture
Select well-grown activated inclined plane bacterial classification inoculation in the triangular flask that the seed culture medium that makes in above-mentioned 1 is housed, in 37 ℃, 200r/m cultivates 1~2d down, makes seed liquor;
4. the preparation of inert support
Urethane foam is cut into about 1cm 3Fritter, modified zeolite is through 20 order sample sifters, all clean, oven dry, even by 1: 1 mixed, 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 30min;
5. solid state fermentation is cultivated
The seed liquor that makes in above-mentioned 3 is inoculated in the fermention medium with 10% (v/v) inoculum size, and the inert support that makes in the ratio and 4 according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 1 (w/w) mixes again, makes nutrient solution absorption evenly.Under aseptic technique, open the solid-state reactor opening for feed, slowly charging, the adjusting ventilation is 0.5vvm, and mixing speed is 35r/min, intermittently stirs, and every 6h, stirs 20min, and in 37 ℃, the fermentor tank interior humidity is controlled at 60%, fermentation culture 3d;
6. the detection of polyglutamic acid
Fermentation ends is opened discharge port, draws off material continuously, adds the distilled water and the mixing of materials of 5 times of volumes, obtains to contain the polyglutamic acid fermented liquid, detects polyglutamic acid content and reaches 13.2 ± 0.6g/L fermention medium.
Embodiment 2
Among this embodiment about culture medium preparation, the method for actication of culture and seed culture is identical with working method among the embodiment 1.
2. the preparation of inert support
Urethane and polyvinyl chloride foam are cut into about 5cm 3Fritter, modified zeolite is through 20 mesh sieve afterwash, oven dry, the three is even by 1: 1: 1 mixed, 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 30min;
3. solid state fermentation is cultivated
The seed liquor that makes in above-mentioned 3 is inoculated in the fermention medium with 15% (v/v) inoculum size, and the inert support that makes in the ratio and 4 according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 2 (w/w) mixes again, makes nutrient solution absorption evenly.Under aseptic technique, open the solid-state reactor opening for feed, slowly charging, the adjusting ventilation is 1.0vvm, and mixing speed is 20r/min, intermittently stirs, and every 6h, stirs 20min, and the fermentor tank interior humidity is controlled at 75%, in 37 ℃, fermentation culture 3d;
4. the detection of polyglutamic acid
Fermentation ends is opened discharge port, draws off material continuously, adds the distilled water and the mixing of materials of 5 times of volumes, obtains to contain the polyglutamic acid fermented liquid, detects polyglutamic acid content and reaches 20.3 ± 0.6g/L fermention medium.
Embodiment 3
Among this embodiment about culture medium preparation, the method for actication of culture and seed culture is identical with working method among the embodiment 1.
2. the preparation of inert support
Urethane, polyvinyl chloride and phenolic foamed plastics are cut into about 25cm 3Fritter, clean, oven dry, the three is even according to 1: 1: 1 mixed, 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 30min;
3. solid state fermentation is cultivated
The seed liquor that makes in above-mentioned 3 is inoculated in the fermention medium with 15% (v/v) inoculum size, mixes according to the inert support in the ratio and 4 of solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 4 (w/w) again, make nutrient solution absorption evenly.Under aseptic technique, open the solid-state reactor opening for feed, slowly charging, the adjusting ventilation is 1.5vvm, and mixing speed is 10r/min, intermittently stirs, and every 6h, stirs 20min, and the fermentor tank interior humidity is controlled at 60%, in 37 ℃, fermentation culture 4d;
4. the detection of polyglutamic acid
Fermentation ends is opened discharge port, draws off material continuously, adds the distilled water and the mixing of materials of 5 times of volumes, obtains to contain the polyglutamic acid fermented liquid, detects polyglutamic acid content and reaches 17.4 ± 0.6g/L fermention medium.
Embodiment 4
Among this embodiment about culture medium preparation, the method for actication of culture and seed culture is identical with working method among the embodiment 1.
2. the preparation of inert support
With polyacrylamide gel, poly N-isopropyl acrylamide gel, Amberlite ion exchange resin, even according to 1: 1: 1 mixed, 121 ℃ of high pressure steam sterilization 30min;
3. solid state fermentation is cultivated
The seed liquor that makes in above-mentioned 3 is inoculated in the fermention medium with 15% (v/v) inoculum size, and the inert support that makes in the ratio and 4 according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1: 5 (w/w) mixes again, makes nutrient solution absorption evenly.Under aseptic technique, open the solid-state reactor opening for feed, slowly charging, the adjusting ventilation is 2.5vvm, and mixing speed is 5r/min, intermittently stirs, and every 6h, stirs 20min, and in 37 ℃, the fermentor tank interior humidity is controlled at 65%, fermentation culture 4d;
4. the detection of polyglutamic acid
Fermentation ends is opened discharge port, draws off material continuously, adds the distilled water and the mixing of materials of 5 times of volumes, obtains to contain the polyglutamic acid fermented liquid, detects polyglutamic acid content and reaches 15.2 ± 0.6g/L fermention medium.

Claims (5)

1. the method for an inert carrier adsorption of solid state fermentative Production gamma-polyglutamic acid-.
2. according to the method for claims 1 described a kind of inert carrier adsorption of solid state fermentative Production gamma-polyglutamic acid-, it is characterized in that: described inert support is at least a in urethane foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, phenolic foamed plastics, polyacrylamide gel, poly N-isopropyl acrylamide gel, Amberlite ion exchange resin, the dedicated modified zeolite of porous ball-type and the Mierocrystalline cellulose porous microcarrier.
3. according to the method for claims 1 described a kind of inert carrier adsorption of solid state fermentative Production gamma-polyglutamic acid-, it is characterized in that cultural method is:
(1) actication of culture: Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus subtilis, this bacterial strain now has been preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms common micro-organisms center, bacterium numbering CGMCC3336) switching separating and preserving substratum, 37 ℃ of activation culture 12-24h;
(2) seed culture: select well-grown activated inclined plane bacterial classification inoculation in the triangular flask that seed culture medium is housed, in 37 ℃, 200r/m cultivates 1~2d down, makes seed liquor;
(3) solid state fermentation is cultivated: the seed culture fluid in (2) is inoculated in the fermention medium with 10~15% (v/v) inoculum size, inert support with the bacterium of going out mixes then, make nutrient solution absorption evenly, then under aseptic technique, open the solid-state reactor opening for feed, slowly solid state fermentation is carried out in charging.
4. according to the method for claims 1 described a kind of inert carrier adsorption of solid state fermentative Production gamma-polyglutamic acid-, it is characterized in that: liquid nutrient medium and inert support are according to the mixed of 1: 1~5: 1 (w/w), make nutrient solution absorption evenly, then under aseptic technique, open the solid-state reactor opening for feed, slowly solid state fermentation is carried out in charging.
5. according to the method for claims 1 described a kind of inert carrier adsorption of solid state fermentative Production gamma-polyglutamic acid-, it is characterized in that: the solid-state reactor fermentation condition is ventilation 0.5~2.5vvm, mixing speed is 5~35r/min, intermittently stir, stir 20min every 6h, leavening temperature is 37 ℃, and the fermentor tank interior humidity is controlled at 60%~75%, and fermentation period is 3~4d.
CN200910228297A 2009-11-16 2009-11-16 Method for producing gamma-polyglutamic acid by inert carrier solid state fermentation method Pending CN101705260A (en)

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102492746A (en) * 2011-12-16 2012-06-13 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 Method for co-producing gamma-polyglutamic acid and glutamic acid by Bacillus licheniformis fermentation
CN103204732A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-07-17 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 Composite microbial fertilizer containing polyglutamate high-producing strain, preparation method and application thereof
CN104673766A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-06-03 集美大学 Method for performing simulated solid-state fermentation on tannase
CN104673851A (en) * 2015-02-15 2015-06-03 南京轩凯生物科技有限公司 Method for preparing gamma-polyglutamic acid through soild fermentation by utilizing edible fungi residues
CN107365808A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-11-21 常州市天宁区鑫发织造有限公司 A kind of preparation method for being used to produce γ polyglutamic acid biologic grains
CN108004278A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-05-08 山东福瑞达生物科技有限公司 A kind of method of glutamate-producing strain viable capsule fermenting and producing gamma-polyglutamic acid
CN109182405A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-01-11 天津科技大学 A method of γ-polyglutamic acid is produced using lichens bud pole bacterium solid state fermentation
CN113699047A (en) * 2021-08-23 2021-11-26 延安大学 Adhesive fermentation method for inert support and application thereof

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102492746A (en) * 2011-12-16 2012-06-13 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 Method for co-producing gamma-polyglutamic acid and glutamic acid by Bacillus licheniformis fermentation
CN103204732A (en) * 2012-12-31 2013-07-17 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 Composite microbial fertilizer containing polyglutamate high-producing strain, preparation method and application thereof
CN104673766A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-06-03 集美大学 Method for performing simulated solid-state fermentation on tannase
CN104673851A (en) * 2015-02-15 2015-06-03 南京轩凯生物科技有限公司 Method for preparing gamma-polyglutamic acid through soild fermentation by utilizing edible fungi residues
CN104673851B (en) * 2015-02-15 2018-06-08 南京轩凯生物科技有限公司 A kind of method using edible fungi residue solid fermentation production gamma-polyglutamic acid
CN107365808A (en) * 2017-07-31 2017-11-21 常州市天宁区鑫发织造有限公司 A kind of preparation method for being used to produce γ polyglutamic acid biologic grains
CN108004278A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-05-08 山东福瑞达生物科技有限公司 A kind of method of glutamate-producing strain viable capsule fermenting and producing gamma-polyglutamic acid
CN109182405A (en) * 2018-10-15 2019-01-11 天津科技大学 A method of γ-polyglutamic acid is produced using lichens bud pole bacterium solid state fermentation
CN113699047A (en) * 2021-08-23 2021-11-26 延安大学 Adhesive fermentation method for inert support and application thereof
CN113699047B (en) * 2021-08-23 2023-09-29 延安大学 Inert support body adhesion type fermentation method and application thereof

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