CN101700058B - Russula mycelium anti-staling agent and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Russula mycelium anti-staling agent and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101700058B CN101700058B CN2009100951909A CN200910095190A CN101700058B CN 101700058 B CN101700058 B CN 101700058B CN 2009100951909 A CN2009100951909 A CN 2009100951909A CN 200910095190 A CN200910095190 A CN 200910095190A CN 101700058 B CN101700058 B CN 101700058B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 241000221987 Russula Species 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N gibberellin A3 Chemical class C([C@@]1(O)C(=C)C[C@@]2(C1)[C@H]1C(O)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]2(C=C[C@@H]3O)[C@H]1[C@]3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003375 plant hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000121220 Tricholoma matsutake Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000723418 Carya Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000222680 Collybia Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000002779 Morchella esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000002769 Morchella esculenta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000005452 food preservative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019249 food preservative Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000222485 Agaricales Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000008035 Back Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000221198 Basidiomycota Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000008930 Low Back Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000760168 Russula rubra Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221986 Russulaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003385 bacteriostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a russula mycelium anti-staling agent and a preparing method thereof. The preparing process comprises acquiring russula mycelium extracting liquid after drying, crushing, performing microwave treatment and zymohydrolysis and filtering the russula mycelium, and blending agar, carboxymethyl chitosan, citric acid and sodium citrate to acquire the russula mycelium anti-staling agent. The russula mycelium anti-staling agent prepared by using the method is applied to refreshing high-class wild edible fungus such as matsutake, hickory chick, collybia albuminosa, etc. The refreshing time can be prolonged to 5 to 9 days, so the metamorphic grade of the high-class wild edible fungus during storage and transportation is decreased and the value of commodity is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the food preservative technology field, specifically a kind of DAHONGGU mycelium anti-staling agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
DAHONGGU (Russula rubra) is a Basidiomycetes, Agaricales, and Russulaceae, the ectotrophic mycorrhiza of Russula is a kind of famous and precious edible medicinal ectotrophic mycorrhiza.Its meat fertilizer is tender, and taste is soft.According to traditional Chinese medical science research, it have enrich blood, the function of enriching yin, refreshing and detoxicating.Process " medicine powder for relaxing muscle ", can treat lumbago and skelalgia, numb in every limb, muscles and bones is uncomfortable, diseases such as tic of the limbs.Related data shows: the nutrition of edible fungus mycelium and the content of bioactive ingredients are close with its sporophore, have in addition be higher than its sporophore.In addition, the mycelial activeconstituents of DAHONGGU has good bacteriostatic action.
High-grade wild edible fungus water cut such as matsutake, morel, chicken fir is high, organizes very delicacy, storage at normal temperatures after adopting, and it is lost that the intravital moisture of mushroom will evaporate in a large number, makes its atrophy, brown stain even rot commodity value decline even forfeiture., bring enormous economic loss will for the mushroom farming in case thereby mushroom causes quality decline not reach outlet and processing request because of causing after adopting to overstock.Therefore, resolving the post-harvest fresh-keeping problem of bright mushroom, prolong its transportation and staging life, is the particularly high-grade extremely urgent major issue of mushroom industrialized development of eating raw of pestering.
Because many preservation agents are chemical synthetic drugs; Not only contaminate environment but also can produce potential hazard to human consumer's health; Long-term use continuously also can make and cause rotten pathogen and develop immunity to drugs; Therefore exploring the anticorrosion new technology that can replace existing chemical bactericide just becomes the current new problem that faces of postharvest fruit and vegetable processing researchist, and People more and more tends to select crude substance as food preservative freshness retaining agent.Therefore, adopt harmless and material such as DAHONGGU mycelium, carry out fresh-keeping, significant high-grade wild edible fungus such as matsutake, morel, chicken firs as preservation agent with nutritive value.The report that does not have DAHONGGU mycelium anti-staling agent and preparation method thereof in the prior art.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to further excavate the value of this wild edible fungus resource, a kind of DAHONGGU mycelium anti-staling agent is provided; Another object of the present invention provides the preparation method of this preservation agent.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
Raw materials used and the consumption (weight percent) of DAHONGGU mycelium anti-staling agent: DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution 25%~45%; Agar 0.3%~0.9%; CMS 0.8%~4%; Hydrocerol A 0.2%~1.0%; Trisodium Citrate 0.1%~0.3%, all the other are water; Said DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution is that the DAHONGGU mycelium after drying, the pulverizing is steeped with the equivalent weight water logging earlier; Through microwave treatment moisturizing to 1 after 1~5 minute: 20~1: 40 (solid-liquid ratio is a weight ratio); Heat temperature raising to 40~60 ℃, adjust pH to 4~6 add the cellulase of vat liquor weight 0.5~2%; Behind enzymatic reaction 30~60min; Be warming up to 80~100 ℃ of enzymes and be incubated lixiviate 1~2 hour of going out, filter the back concentrating under reduced pressure, promptly get DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution to 1/3~1/5 of original volume.
This DAHONGGU mycelium anti-staling agent is the preparation method carry out according to the following steps:
A. cultivate the DAHONGGU mycelium: the weight percent of substratum material and consumption thereof is: SANMALT-S 4%~10%, Semen Maydis powder 2%~4%, analysis for soybean powder 2%~4%, wheat bran 1%~4%, CaCl
20.06%~0.2%, KH
2PO
40.06%~0.2%, ZnSO
40.6%~1.4%, MgSO
40.6%~1.4%, VB
20.01%~0.1%, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins (GA) 1~10mg/L, NAA (NAA) 1~10mg/L, the rest is water; In above-mentioned substratum; Insert that DAHONGGU is female plants, cultivated 10~16 days at 23 ℃ of following shaking tables, getting mycelium, in 65 ℃ of baking ovens, dry the back pulverizing subsequent use;
B. lixiviate: the DAHONGGU mycelium after will pulverizing steeps with the equivalent weight water logging earlier; Through microwave treatment moisturizing to 1 after 1~5 minute: 20~1: 40 (solid-liquid ratio weight ratios); Heat temperature raising to 40~60 ℃, adjust pH to 4~6 add the cellulase of vat liquor weight 0.5~2%; Behind enzymatic reaction 30~60min, be warming up to 80~100 ℃ of enzymes and be incubated lixiviate 1~2 hour of going out;
C. filtering and concentrating: cross leaching juice, its filter residue adds the water of 10~30 times of quality, with above-mentioned similarity condition lixiviate, crosses leaching juice afterwards, and twice filtrating is merged the back concentrating under reduced pressure to 1/3~1/5 of original volume, is DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution;
D. allotment: the weight percent of allotment material and consumption thereof is: DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution: 25%~45%; Agar: 0.3%~0.9%; CMS: 0.8%~4%; Hydrocerol A: 0.2%~1.0%; Trisodium Citrate: 0.1%~0.3%; All the other are water; Above-mentioned materials is carried out mixing preparation, promptly get the preservation agent finished product.
Coating-film fresh-keeping: will treat that fresh-keeping mushroom immerses in the prepared preservative, and through 30 seconds after, take out approximately that air-dry with cold wind, it is fresh-keeping to treat can carry out after the surperficial tunicle drying room temperature storage.
The invention provides a kind of is the method that main raw material prepares preservation agent with the DAHONGGU edible fungus mycelium.Because of this product is mainly used in the back coating-film fresh-keeping of adopting of high-grade wild edible fungus such as matsutake, morel, chicken fir; Can its freshness date be extended to 5~9 days; Thereby can reduce the degree that these high-grade wild edible fungus go bad greatly during storing and transporting, improve its commodity value.
Embodiment
Further set forth content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.But not to being qualification of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Select the female kind of vigorous, full, the free of contamination DAHONGGU of growth for use, the weight percent of substratum material and consumption thereof is: SANMALT-S 10%, Semen Maydis powder 4%, analysis for soybean powder 2%, wheat bran 1%, CaCl
20.1%, KH
2PO
40.06%, ZnSO
40.6%, MgSO
40.6%, VB
20.01%, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins (GA) 1.5mg/L, NAA (NAA) 9.5mg/L, surplus are water, in above-mentioned substratum, insert that DAHONGGU is female plants, and cultivate 10 days at 23 ℃ of following shaking tables, and getting mycelium, in 65 ℃ of baking ovens, dry the back pulverizing subsequent use.With the DAHONGGU mycelium that obtains earlier with the water logging bubble of equivalent weight afterwards with microwave treatment 2 minutes; DAHONGGU mycelium moisturizing to the feed liquid weight ratio that to handle again is 1: 20, puts into the lixiviate jar then, heat temperature raising to 60 ℃; Adjust pH to 5; The cellulase that adds vat liquor weight 0.5% behind the enzymatic reaction 30min, is warming up to 80 ℃ and be incubated lixiviate 2 hours.Cross leaching juice, its filter residue adds the water of 30 times of quality, with above-mentioned similarity condition lixiviate, crosses leaching juice afterwards, and twice filtrating is merged the back concentrating under reduced pressure to 1/4 of original volume, is DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution.By weight percentage, with DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution 35%, agar 0.5%, CMS 1.6%, Hydrocerol A 0.6%, Trisodium Citrate 0.3%, all the other are water, carry out mixing preparation, promptly get the preservation agent finished product.To treat after 30 seconds, to take out approximately in the fresh-keeping mushroom immersion prepared preservative, cold wind is air-dry, treats can carry out preservation and freshness after the surperficial tunicle drying.
Embodiment 2:
Select the female kind of vigorous, full, the free of contamination DAHONGGU of growth for use, the weight percent of substratum material and consumption thereof is: SANMALT-S 8%, Semen Maydis powder 2%, analysis for soybean powder 2%, wheat bran 2%, CaCl
20.08%, KH
2PO
40.08%, ZnSO
40.7%, MgSO
40.8%, VB
20.06%, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins (GA) 9mg/L, NAA (NAA) 1.5mg/L, surplus are water, in above-mentioned substratum, insert that DAHONGGU is female plants, and cultivate 16 days at 23 ℃ of following shaking tables, and getting mycelium, in 65 ℃ of baking ovens, dry the back pulverizing subsequent use.With the DAHONGGU mycelium that obtains earlier with the water logging bubble of equivalent weight afterwards with microwave treatment 5 minutes; DAHONGGU mycelium moisturizing to the feed liquid weight ratio that to handle again is 1: 30, puts into the lixiviate jar then, heat temperature raising to 55 ℃; Adjust pH to 5.5; The cellulase that adds vat liquor weight 1% behind the enzymatic reaction 40min, is warming up to 100 ℃ and be incubated lixiviate 2 hours.Cross leaching juice, its filter residue adds the water of 30 times of quality, with above-mentioned similarity condition lixiviate, crosses leaching juice afterwards, and twice filtrating is merged the back concentrating under reduced pressure to 1/3 of original volume, is DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution.By weight percentage, with DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution 45%, agar 0.3%, CMS 2%, Hydrocerol A 0.7%, Trisodium Citrate 0.1%, all the other are water, carry out mixing preparation, promptly get the preservation agent finished product.To treat after 30 seconds, to take out approximately in the fresh-keeping mushroom immersion prepared preservative, cold wind is air-dry, treats can carry out preservation and freshness after the surperficial tunicle drying.
Embodiment 3:
Select the female kind of vigorous, full, the free of contamination DAHONGGU of growth for use, the weight percent of substratum material and consumption thereof is: SANMALT-S 5%, Semen Maydis powder 3%, analysis for soybean powder 4%, wheat bran 3%, CaCl
20.18%, KH
2PO
40.12%, ZnSO
41.3%, MgSO
40.9%, VB
20.1%, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins (GA) 4.5mg/L, NAA (NAA) 5.5mg/L, surplus are water, in above-mentioned substratum, insert that DAHONGGU is female plants, and cultivate 13 days at 23 ℃ of following shaking tables, and getting mycelium, in 65 ℃ of baking ovens, dry the back pulverizing subsequent use.With the DAHONGGU mycelium that obtains earlier with the water logging bubble of equivalent weight afterwards with microwave treatment 4 minutes; DAHONGGU mycelium moisturizing to the feed liquid weight ratio that to handle again is 1: 40, puts into the lixiviate jar then, heat temperature raising to 50 ℃; Adjust pH to 6; The cellulase that adds vat liquor weight 2% behind the enzymatic reaction 60min, is warming up to 90 ℃ and be incubated lixiviate 2 hours.Cross leaching juice, its filter residue adds the water of 30 times of quality, with above-mentioned similarity condition lixiviate, crosses leaching juice afterwards, and twice filtrating is merged the back concentrating under reduced pressure to 1/4 of original volume, is DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution.By weight percentage, with DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution 25%, agar 0.9%, CMS 3%, Hydrocerol A 1.0%, Trisodium Citrate 0.3%, all the other are water, carry out mixing preparation, promptly get the preservation agent finished product.To treat after 30 seconds, to take out approximately in the fresh-keeping mushroom immersion prepared preservative, air-dry with cold wind, treat can carry out preservation and freshness after the surperficial tunicle drying.
Claims (3)
1. a DAHONGGU mycelium anti-staling agent is characterized in that the weight percent of raw materials used and raw material is: DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution 25%~45%; Agar 0.3%~0.9%; CMS 0.8%~4%; Hydrocerol A 0.2%~1.0%; Trisodium Citrate 0.1%~0.3%; All the other are water; Said DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution is that the DAHONGGU mycelium after drying, the pulverizing is steeped with the water logging of equivalent weight earlier; Through microwave treatment after 1~5 minute moisturizing to feed liquid weight ratio be 1: 20~1: 40; Heat temperature raising to 40~60 ℃, adjust pH to 4~6 add the cellulase of vat liquor weight 0.5~2%; Behind enzymatic reaction 30~60min; Be warming up to 80~100 ℃ of enzymes and be incubated lixiviate 1~2 hour of going out, filter the back concentrating under reduced pressure, promptly get DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution to 1/3~1/5 of original volume.
2. the preparation method of the said DAHONGGU mycelium anti-staling agent of claim 1 is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
A. cultivate the DAHONGGU mycelium: the weight percent of substratum material and consumption thereof is: SANMALT-S 4%~10%, Semen Maydis powder 2%~4%, analysis for soybean powder 2%~4%, wheat bran 1%~4%, CaCl
20.06%~0.2%, KH
2PO
40.06%~0.2%, ZnSO
40.6%~1.4%, MgSO
40.6%~1.4%, VB
20.01%~0.1%, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 1~10mg/L, NAA 1~10mg/L, surplus are water, in above-mentioned substratum, insert that DAHONGGU is female plants, and cultivate 10~16 days at 23 ℃ of following shaking tables, and getting mycelium, in 65 ℃ of baking ovens, dry the back pulverizing subsequent use;
B. lixiviate: the DAHONGGU mycelium after will pulverizing steeps with the equivalent weight water logging earlier; Through microwave treatment after 1~5 minute in moisturizing to the feed liquid amount than being 1: 20~1: 40; Heat temperature raising to 40~60 ℃, adjust pH to 4~6 add the cellulase of vat liquor weight 0.5~2%; Behind enzymatic reaction 30~60min, be warming up to 80~100 ℃ of enzymes and be incubated lixiviate 1~2 hour of going out;
C. filtering and concentrating: cross leaching juice, its filter residue adds the water of 10~30 times of quality, with the lixiviate of B step similarity condition, crosses leaching juice afterwards, and twice filtrating is merged the back concentrating under reduced pressure to 1/3~1/5 of original volume, is DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution;
D. allotment: the weight percent of allotment material and consumption thereof is: DAHONGGU mycelium extracting solution 25%~45%, agar 0.3%~0.9%, CMS 0.8%~4%, Hydrocerol A 0.2%~1.0%, Trisodium Citrate 0.1%~0.3%, and all the other are water; Above-mentioned materials is carried out mixing preparation, promptly get the preservation agent finished product.
3. the method for use of the said DAHONGGU mycelium anti-staling agent of claim 1 is characterized in that taking out through 30 seconds after treating that fresh-keeping mushroom immerses in the prepared preservative, and is air-dry with cold wind, treats the preservation and freshness of can being correlated with after the surperficial tunicle drying.
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CN101822376B (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2012-05-30 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | Method for producing nutritional fine meal by utilizing edible fungus rinsing and scalding liquid |
CN101965862A (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2011-02-09 | 李新胜 | Chitosan preservative for edible fungi and preparation method thereof |
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