CN101696283A - Acorn meal-based thermoplastic material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Acorn meal-based thermoplastic material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101696283A CN101696283A CN200910035268A CN200910035268A CN101696283A CN 101696283 A CN101696283 A CN 101696283A CN 200910035268 A CN200910035268 A CN 200910035268A CN 200910035268 A CN200910035268 A CN 200910035268A CN 101696283 A CN101696283 A CN 101696283A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acorn meal-based thermoplastic material and a preparation method thereof. The starch-based material mainly comprises the following components in part by weight: acorn meal 30-80, plasticizer 20-40 and acorn shell fiber filler with a grain size of more than 60 meshes 0-20. The acorn shell fiber filler may be any one of acorn shell fiber powder and modified acorn shell fibers. The acorn meal with a grain size of more than 60 meshes may be any one of natural acorn powder and purified acorn starch. The purified acorn starch is brown-yellow and contains 70 to 98 percent of starch. In the method, an agricultural and forest reproducible acorn waste plant resource is adopted and converted into a new material having a use value. In the method, acorn shell fibers can be used as the filler, so the full-materialization utilization of acorn is realized in a real sense. The material of the invention has high mechanical property and can completely degrade.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biodegradable material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of starch-based, biodegradable material.
Background technology
The exploitation complete biodegradable plastics can alleviate at present because the problem of environmental pollution that plastics bring; and can make plastic industry break away from dependence to petroleum resources; be really to reduce plastic garbage, the protection eubiosis and the important channel of opening up new plastic raw materials.But the plastics of exploitation natural degradation substitute the focus that the common plastics goods that generally use once became the nineties in last century, but degradative plastics was because of cost and technical problem, slower development at that time.Along with the progress of raw material production and goods processing technology, degradative plastics especially biodegradable plastic receives publicity again in recent years, becomes sustainable and bright spot recycling economy development, simultaneously, also becomes the whole world once more and focuses on focus.In recent years by external many strong large-scale petrochemical companies, biotechnology company promise well, join one after another, as U.S. Du Pont, EastmanChemical, DowPolymer, BASF, the Bayer of Germany, the Mitsubishi of Japan, Mitsui etc. all drop into sizable human and material resources and research and develop, strengthen the research and development strength of biodegradable plastic greatly, quickened industrialization process.Estimate that according to domestic industry experts degradable plastics has a high potential in Chinese market.In the bio-based plastics of exploitation, starch plastics has occupied very big share at present.Being directed to present provision price skyrockets, various countries forbid consuming grain one after another and carry out the industrialization project, National Development and Reform Committee printed and distributed " about the instruction that promotes that corn deep processing already develops in a healthy way " in 2007, requiring various places to suspend checks and approves and the corn processed ethanol project of putting on record, and to after making an overall screening in the project of building and planning to build, to the regulation and control of the degree of depth again of corn deep processing industry.The proposition of " suggestion " has caused one about " grain " discussion with " non-grain " in China, and last " non-grain is the direction of Chinese biological energy development " becomes the common recognition of this discussion.Since then, it is the epoch of raw material that the development in Chinese biological mass-energy source is through with grains such as corns, has started the New Times of non-grain biomass energy industry, and the advantage of non-grain biomass energy industry highlights day by day.Contain rich nutrient substances in the forestry waste acorn nut kernel, rubber benevolence is starch-containing mostly to be 50%～70% greatly, soluble sugar 2%～8%, tannin 0.26%～17.74%, protein 1.17%～8.72%, grease 1.04%～6.86%, robust fibre 1.13%～5.89%, ash content 1.30%～3.40%.The acorn nut resource distribution is extremely wide, we can say that all there is distribution in the mountain area, various places except that the high mountain and dirt band band of long-term accumulated snow, only with difference to some extent on the different concrete kinds of weather and edatope.According to statistics, China has acorn woods 1.33 * 10 approximately
7～1.67 * 10
7Hm
2, produce acorn per year and estimate at 60～7,000,000,000 kg.Acorn nut is because himself defective, high-leveled and difficult as starch side chain degree to digest and assimilate, contain more tannin and be difficult for Ex-all, a plurality of phenolic hydroxyl groups group is arranged and poisonous in the tannin to people and animals' nervus centralis, very big to hepatotoxicity, Feng Fu Study of Acorn Resources is discarded in a large number thus, so the very high non-grain resource rubber exploitation really of starch content has vast market prospect.
Adopting agriculture and forestry organic waste material to carry out the matrix material that blend prepares fully biodegradable with it can reduce cost greatly, improves its rate of utilization.With the forestry waste is that the development of raw materials Biodegradable Materials has become the strategic choice that the alleviation power supply is in short supply, protect and improve the ecological environment.For making up energy-conservation society, promote the strategy of sustainable development, and, promote that the new socialist countryside construction all has positive meaning for solving the agriculture, rural areas and farmers problem.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to make full use of agriculture and forestry organic waste material, a kind of acorn meal-based thermoplastic material and preparation method thereof is provided, the matrix material of preparation is of many uses, starch content is high, biodegradable.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of acorn meal-based thermoplastic material, and this starch-based material composition is mainly acorn nut powder, softening agent, and the weight part content of each component is:
30～80 parts in acorn nut powder
20～40 parts in softening agent.
Also add 0～20 part of rubber shell fibrous packing in this matrix material, the granularity of rubber shell fiber dust is more than 60 orders.Rubber shell fibrous packing is selected from any in natural rubber shell fiber dust, the modification rubber shell fiber.
The acorn nut powder is selected from any of natural rubber fruit powder, purification processes acorn starch later, and the granularity of described acorn nut powder is more than 60 orders.Described purification processes acorn starch later is pale brown look, and starch content is 70～98%wt.
Acorn nut powder and rubber shell fiber originate from any in Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, white oak, lithocarpus glaber, bitter sweet oak, castanopsis caudata, Mao Li, the chinquapin acorn nut kind.
Described softening agent be in water, ethylene glycol, glycerine, polyoxyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyleneglycol, trolamine, diethanolamine, thanomin, urea, methane amide, sorbitol ester, the Nitranitol any one or multiple arbitrarily than mixture.
Will be in weight part: the raw material mechanically mixing of 30～80 parts in acorn nut powder, 20～40 parts in softening agent, 0～20 part of rubber shell fibrous packing evenly after, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h adopts any working method in twin screw extrusion molding, single screw extrusion method, pressure sintering, the banburying method to process the acorn meal-based thermoplastic material that obtains crude palm black.
Described acorn meal-based thermoplastic material has natural brownish black, and good thermoplastic can be made plastics film, rubbish packing bag, the foam filled material of packing material, forestry gardens seedling ware etc. with other plastic raw materials blend.
Beneficial effect:
1. the present invention has adopted the discarded plant resource acorn nut fruit of agricultural recyclabilities, its conversion can be obtained a kind of novel material that has use value, for making up energy-conservation society, the petroleum resources of saves valuable, promote the strategy of sustainable development, and, promote that the new socialist countryside construction all has positive meaning for solving the agriculture, rural areas and farmers problem.
2. acorn nut shell fiber can be used as packing material among the present invention, has really realized the full materialization utilization of rubber fruit.
3. material of the present invention has mechanical property preferably, and material has Wholly-degradable, compost, can all degrade in a short time after burying soil.
4. this acorn meal-based thermoplastic material can be made plastics film, packing bag, disposable tableware, compost bag with other plastic blends, disposable use plastics such as pesticide bottle, the foam filled material of packing material, forestry gardens seedling ware are a kind of acorn meal-based thermoplastic materials with fully biodegradable of actual application value.
Embodiment
Provide part embodiment below so that the invention will be further described; but following examples are not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention explanation; these those skilled in the art according to the present invention content make some nonessential improvement and adjust and still belong to protection domain of the present invention, each component is all weight part in following examples.
Embodiment 1
At first 30 parts of glycerine, 70 parts of Quercus acutissima acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 100 ℃ of feeding sections, 125 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 135 ℃ of mixing sections, 132 ℃ of fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 0.55MPa, elongation at break 815.15%.
Embodiment 2
At first 27.5 parts of glycerine, 72.5 parts of Quercus variabilis acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 100 ℃ of feeding sections, 125 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 135 ℃ of mixing sections, 132 ℃ of fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 3.79MPa, elongation at break 147.52%.
Embodiment 3
At first 30 parts of ethylene glycol, 70 parts of white oak acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 100 ℃ of feeding sections, 125 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 135 ℃ of mixing sections, 132 ℃ of fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 0.206MPa, elongation at break 211.57%.
Embodiment 4
At first 30 parts of trolamines, 70 parts of bitter sweet oak acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 100 ℃ of feeding sections, 125 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 135 ℃ of mixing sections, 132 ℃ of fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 3.44MPa, elongation at break 140.14%.
Embodiment 5
At first 27.5 parts of trolamines, 72.5 parts of castanopsis caudata acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 100 ℃ of feeding sections, 125 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 135 ℃ of mixing sections, 132 ℃ of fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 4.40MPa, elongation at break 56.27%.
Embodiment 6
At first 30 parts of diethanolamine, 70 parts of Mao Li acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 100 ℃ of feeding sections, 125 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 135 ℃ of mixing sections, 132 ℃ of fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 0.50MPa, elongation at break 699.46%.
Embodiment 7
At first 32.5 parts of thanomins, 67.5 parts of lithocarpus glaber acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 100 ℃ of feeding sections, 125 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 135 ℃ of mixing sections, 132 ℃ of fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 0.38MPa, elongation at break 934.15%.
Embodiment 8
At first 28.75 parts of glycerine, 71.25 parts of chinquapin rubber fruit powder were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 100 ℃ of feeding sections, 125 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 135 ℃ of mixing sections, 132 ℃ of fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity rubber fruit powder is 1.27MPa, elongation at break 217.86%.
Embodiment 9
At first 27.5 parts of glycerine, 65 parts of chinquapin rubber fruit powder, 7.5 parts of chinquapin rubber shell powder were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 90 ℃ of feeding sections, 98 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 100 ℃ of mixing sections, 98 ℃ of fluxing zones, 98 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity rubber fruit powder is 1.12MPa, elongation at break 156.23%.
Embodiment 10
At first 25 parts of propylene glycol, 5 parts of water, 70 parts of bitter sweet oak acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the single screw extrusion machine, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 110 ℃ of reinforced defeated material preheating sections, 130 ℃ of mixing section fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 200rpm/min, make thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 1.53MPa, elongation at break 194.23%.
Embodiment 11
At first 27.5 parts of butyleneglycols, 2.5 parts of polyoxyethylene glycol, 70 parts of bitter sweet oak acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 100 ℃ of feeding sections, 125 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 135 ℃ of mixing sections, 132 ℃ of fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 0.64MPa, elongation at break 296.41%.
Embodiment 12
At first 20 parts of urea, 10 parts of methane amides, 70 parts of castanopsis caudata acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 95 ℃ of feeding sections, 102 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 105 ℃ of mixing sections, 102 ℃ of fluxing zones, 100 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 21.34MPa, elongation at break 42.25%.
Embodiment 13
At first 25 parts of glycerine, 5 parts of sorbitol esters, 70 parts of chinquapin acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to extruding pelletization in the twin screw extruder, the temperature setting of forcing machine is: 100 ℃ of feeding sections, 125 ℃ of defeated material preheating sections, 135 ℃ of mixing sections, 132 ℃ of fluxing zones, 130 ℃ of head extruding zones, screw speed is 300rpm/min, makes thermoplasticity acorn starch particle, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 1.27MPa, elongation at break 217.86%.
Embodiment 14
At first 25 parts of glycerine, 5 parts of Nitranitols, 70 parts of bitter sweet oak acorn starch were mixed one minute with high speed machine, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h, then the mixture behind the premix is added to carry out on the platen-press mould hot-forming, pressure 40MPa, time 5min, platen temperature is 120 ℃ up and down, make the thermoplasticity acorn starch, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 0.81MPa, elongation at break 346.89%.
Embodiment 14
At first with 30 parts of glycerine, 70 parts of chinquapin acorn starch with high speed machine mixing 30s, then the mixture behind the premix is added in the Banbury mixer banburying chamber and carries out banburying, 115 ℃ of banburying temperature, rotating speed is 200rpm/min, time 10min, make the thermoplasticity acorn starch, the tensile strength of gained thermoplasticity acorn starch is 0.62MPa, elongation at break 279.64%.
Claims (8)
1. an acorn meal-based thermoplastic material is characterized in that, this starch-based material composition is mainly acorn nut powder, softening agent, and the weight part content of each component is:
30～80 parts in acorn nut powder
20～40 parts in softening agent.
2. acorn meal-based thermoplastic material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also adds 0～20 part of rubber shell fibrous packing in this matrix material, and the granularity of rubber shell fiber dust is more than 60 orders.
3. acorn meal-based thermoplastic material according to claim 2 is characterized in that, rubber shell fibrous packing is selected from any in natural rubber shell fiber dust, the modification rubber shell fiber.
4. acorn meal-based thermoplastic material according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the acorn nut powder is selected from any of natural rubber fruit powder, purification processes acorn starch later, and the granularity of described acorn nut powder is more than 60 orders.
5. acorn meal-based thermoplastic material according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described purification processes acorn starch later is pale brown look, and starch content is 70～98%wt.
6. according to arbitrary described acorn meal-based thermoplastic material in the claim 1～5, it is characterized in that acorn nut powder and rubber shell fiber originate from any in Quercus acutissima, Quercus variabilis, white oak, lithocarpus glaber, bitter sweet oak, castanopsis caudata, Mao Li, the chinquapin acorn nut kind.
7. acorn meal-based thermoplastic material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described softening agent be in water, ethylene glycol, glycerine, polyoxyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butyleneglycol, trolamine, diethanolamine, thanomin, urea, methane amide, sorbitol ester, the Nitranitol any one or multiple arbitrarily than mixture.
8. the preparation method of acorn meal-based thermoplastic material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, will be in weight part: the raw material mechanically mixing of 30～80 parts in acorn nut powder, 20～40 parts in softening agent, 0～20 part of rubber shell fibrous packing evenly after, the rewinding sealing, room temperature preservation 24h adopts any working method in twin screw extrusion molding, single screw extrusion method, pressure sintering, the banburying method to process the acorn meal-based thermoplastic material that obtains crude palm black.
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| CN200910035268A CN101696283A (en) | 2009-09-23 | 2009-09-23 | Acorn meal-based thermoplastic material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN200910035268A CN101696283A (en) | 2009-09-23 | 2009-09-23 | Acorn meal-based thermoplastic material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103265731A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-08-28 | 陈峰磊 | Degradable thermoplastic starch material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106805248A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-09 | 湖北工程学院 | A kind of edible food package film and preparation method thereof |
| CN107011543A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-04 | 湖北工程学院 | A kind of edible food packaging film and preparation method thereof |
| CN109021302A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of plastics modification starch material |
-
2009
- 2009-09-23 CN CN200910035268A patent/CN101696283A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103265731A (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-08-28 | 陈峰磊 | Degradable thermoplastic starch material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103265731B (en) * | 2013-06-05 | 2015-08-26 | 宁波高新区金杉新能源科技有限公司 | Degradable thermoplastic starch material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106805248A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-06-09 | 湖北工程学院 | A kind of edible food package film and preparation method thereof |
| CN107011543A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-04 | 湖北工程学院 | A kind of edible food packaging film and preparation method thereof |
| CN109021302A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of plastics modification starch material |
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Open date: 20100421 |