CN101694125A - Formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101694125A CN101694125A CN200910093784A CN200910093784A CN101694125A CN 101694125 A CN101694125 A CN 101694125A CN 200910093784 A CN200910093784 A CN 200910093784A CN 200910093784 A CN200910093784 A CN 200910093784A CN 101694125 A CN101694125 A CN 101694125A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- floor
- formaldehyde
- solid wood
- wood
- plastics
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor which comprises a floor substrate, and the floor substrate is formed by carrying out hot pressing and then cold pressing on two consolidated veneers and a mixed material layer which is made of recycled plastics and broken wood materials or agricultural residues and clamped in the middle, wherein a solid wood decorative veneer is covered on the surface of the floor substrate, and a balancing layer is covered on the back of the floor substrate. The manufacturing method of the formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor comprises the following steps: directly washing and smashing the recycled plastics into membranes below 15mm; preparing wood or agricultural residues into the broken wood materials or a raw material in the form of wood shavings through flaking or pulp grinding and thread rolling, and controlling the form of the raw materials so as to ensure that the forms of the raw materials are mutually matched, and the plastics and the wood can be uniformly mixed during mixing; after the raw materials obtained in the previous steps are mixed in a proportion of 25:75-50:50 of the plastics to the wood in percentage by weight, spreading an obtained mixed material between the two reinforced veneers and preparing the compound floor substrate through hot pressing; adopting a non-formaldehyde adhesive to cover the solid wood decorative veneer on the surface of the floor substrate prepared in the last step and meanwhile covering the balancing layer on the back of the substrate; and manufacturing a finished floor product through processes of sanding and paint spraying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Wood single-plate or wood fibre are sticked with glue agent in conjunction with the known already and extensive use of technology of producing solid wooden compound floor or strengthening composite floor.But in existing solid wooden compound floor, all adopt Wooden veneer, cost is higher, and consumes timber greatly.
In existing consolidated floor, the main high density fiberboard that adopts thermomechanical pulp fibres and bonding adhesive to prepare is a base material, the surface is coated with surface courses such as melamine impregnated papers, and mainly be bonding adhesive with the urea-formaldehyde glue, free formaldehyde in the product is easy to evaporate in production and product use, and contaminated environment also influences the human health situation.
China is a populous big country, the residue that gets off is eliminated in production and processing and life--the particle of-plates of solid wood and wood materials and reclaim plastics and the amount of agricultural wastes (agricultural wastes are meant the residue of cereal crops, oil crops, cotton, crudefiber crop and sugar crop, as cotton stalk etc.) considerable.How to turn waste into wealth, energy conservation become everybody obligation one can't decline.So demand urgently developing new market for it utilizes again.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor, its no free formaldehyde discharges, raw material wide material sources, low cost of manufacture but the class height of finished product can substitute existing consolidated floor or solid wooden compound floor.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of manufacture method of formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor, can be processed into the solid wood complex intensifying floor of the environment-friendly type of low cost, top grade with it.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following design scheme:
A kind of formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor, it includes: the batch mixing layer of two-layer toughening fragil veneer and the middle recovery plastics that insert and put and wood particulate or agricultural wastes is through the floor base material of hot pressing preparation; Upper surface at above-mentioned floor base material is covered with the solid wood decorative veneer; At the floor base material back side coated with balance layer.
A kind of formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor manufacture method, its method step is as follows:
(4) will reclaim plastics and directly clean and be broken into the following diaphragm of 15mm;
(2) timber or agricultural wastes are made woody debris or shaving shape raw material by flaking or defibrination, thread rolling, control raw material form is mated its form mutually, and two-phase is evenly mixed during mixing;
(3) raw material that step (1) and step (2) are obtained is after 25: 75 to 50: 50 ratio is mixed in plastics and timber percentage by weight, be paved between the two-layer reinforcement veneer, make composite floor board base material (being the wood-plastic composite particleboard base material) through hot pressing, wherein, heat pressing process condition: 120 ℃～200 ℃ of temperature, pressure 1～6Mpa, time 5～30min;
(4) adopt the no-aldehyde bonding adhesive, the solid wood decorative veneer be overlying on the floor base material surface of above-mentioned steps preparation, and at substrate backside simultaneously coated with balance layer, make the finished product floor through fixed thick sanding, leaching paint technology.
The present invention be a kind of with plates of solid wood, reclaim plastics and wood materials particle or agricultural wastes (as cotton stalk etc.) technology for raw material manufacturing formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor.The floor surface of this technology manufacturing is the plates of solid wood decorative surface layer, and the base material strengthening layer is the recovery plastics of employing wood-based plate preparation technology preparation and the composite material of timber (or agricultural wastes) preparation.This floor is a raw material with discarded recovery plastics, do not adopt to contain the glutol stick, and be environment-friendly formaldehyde-free floor truly.
Compare with common solid wooden compound floor, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) be the traditional urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive of raw material substitution with reclaiming plastics (particularly being difficult to be recovered colored daily and the food pack of utilization etc.), solve when free formaldehyde pollutes in the urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, also alleviated the white pollution that waste plastics causes environment.
(2) the solid-wood reinforced composite floor board of making, outward appearance and inherent quality with solid wooden compound floor, but with wood machining residues and brushwood or agricultural wastes is a large amount of veneers of raw material substitution, saves timber resources, reduces cost, and has good economy and environmental benefit.
(3) floor base material is timber (or agricultural wastes)/composite panel of plastic material, and the surface is not with containing glutol stick gummed plates of solid wood, and product does not use and contains the glutol stick, and no free formaldehyde discharges.And common solid wooden compound floor all has free formaldehyde to discharge.
(4) having opened up new product, coated with plates of solid wood, is the gummed template solid wooden compound floors of a large amount of circulations on a kind of and the market and the different new invention of strengthening composite floor with the abrasion-proof paper clad can at the wood-plastic composite particleboard substrate surface.
(5) MOR of product can reach more than the 45MPa, and modulus of elasticity reaches more than the 6000MPa, and the 24h water absorption rate is below 10%, more than the internal bond strength 1.0MPa.Properties of product meet and exceed laminated flooring (impregnated-paper laminated wood floor) performance requirement fully, do not discharge but there is free formaldehyde.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor structural representation of the present invention (cross section).
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments the present invention is described in further details:
The specific embodiment
Consult shown in Figure 1ly, formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor of the present invention is constituted by the solid wood decorative veneer 2 of floor base material 1 and upper surface, at the back side of floor base material coated with balance layer 3.
Described floor base material 1 is that the batch mixing layer 12 by two-layer toughening fragil veneer 11 and the middle recovery plastics that insert and put and wood particulate or agricultural wastes is prepared from through hot pressing.
The weight percentage ranges of above-mentioned recovery plastics and wood particulate or agricultural wastes batch mixing is 25: 75 to 50: 50.
Formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor manufacture method concrete steps of the present invention are as follows:
(1) will reclaim plastic foil such as various agricultural mulchings, canopy film, food or other packaging bag or flat filament woven product after simple classification, and clean and be broken into the following diaphragm (being fragment) of 15mm (8mm is better);
(2) be prepared into particle forms such as wood shavings or fiber by modes such as flaking, thread rolling, defibrinations with after non-wooden material is cut into short-movie with timber or agricultural crop straw etc. are wooden, control raw material form mates its form, dried for standby mutually; (be dried to water content below 4%.)
(3) with above raw material according to the properties of product requirement, be that 25: 75 to 50: 50 ratio is mixed by weight, two-phase is wanted evenly to form the composite material compound during mixing, adopts artificial panel technology then, mats formation into slab.On the toughening fragil veneer layer, the surface is made sheet material again coated with the toughening fragil veneer layer through hot pressing, cold treatment with above-mentioned plate blank paving.The mask-making technology condition is: 120 ℃～200 ℃ of temperature, pressure 1～6MPa, time 5～30min.Described cold treatment process: cold wind or cold pressing treatment.
(4) with the formaldehydeless consolidated floor base material upper surface of above preparation coated with solid wood decorative veneer (veneer thickness 0.1mm～3mm) compound with no-formaldehyde adhesive, balance layer is done coated with the normal wood veneer of condition of equivalent thickness or approximate thickness in the back side, makes the finished product floor through technologies such as fixed thick sanding, leaching paints.
Described recovery plastics are more than one the combination in the polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and the flat filament that reclaim.
Described composite floor board base material adopts the complex method of the compound moulding once or twice of veneer and wood wool and plastics to make.One-shot forming is that the balance layer at the surperficial solid wood decorative veneer and the back side and middle base material are combined with each other simultaneously; The post forming base material that to be earlier preparation wood (or agricultural wastes) wood shavings or thread rolling form with plastics, then at its surface and the back side respectively coated with solid wood decorative veneer and balance layer.
Described no-aldehyde bonding adhesive is the no-aldehyde cold setting adhesive, as isocyanate-modified acrylic acid adhesive, modified phenolic adhesive etc.
In the prescription of composite material base,, determine plastics and timber weight ratio according to the final products performance requirement.High more to sheet material water resistance and internal bond strength required value, interpolation plastics ratio is big more.Certainly, because the plastic raw materials price is far above the wood materials cost of material, so in production, under the situation that satisfies the properties of product requirement, use plastics less as far as possible.
Below be several specific embodiment of the present invention:
Twice moulding of embodiment 1:()
Formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor manufacture method step of the present invention is as follows:
(1) is equipped with the recovery plastic raw materials: will reclaim plastic foil such as various agricultural mulchings, canopy film, food pack or flat filament woven product after simple classification, and clean and be broken into the following fragmentation of 15mm;
(2) be equipped with raw materials such as timber or agricultural crop straw: with timber or agricultural crop straw etc. wooden be cut into short with non-wooden material or sheet after, be prepared into particle forms such as wood shavings or fiber by modes such as flaking, thread rolling, defibrinations, dried for standby;
(3) according to the properties of product requirement, above raw material is mixed in 25: 75 ratio, make the composite material compound.
(4) above-mentioned compound is paved on the toughening fragil veneer layer, the surface is made sheet material coated with the toughening fragil veneer layer through hot pressing, cold treatment.
(5) formaldehydeless consolidated floor base material upper surface is compound with no-formaldehyde adhesive coated with the solid wood decorative veneer, balance layer is done coated with the normal wood veneer of same thickness in the back side.
Embodiment 2:
Method step is with embodiment 1, and difference is: step (3) will reclaim plastic raw materials and mix in 30: 70 ratio with timber or agricultural crop straw raw material according to the properties of product requirement, form the composite material compound.
Embodiment 3:
Method step is with embodiment 1, and difference is: step (3) will reclaim plastic raw materials and mix in 35: 75 ratio with timber or agricultural crop straw raw material according to the properties of product requirement, form the composite material compound.
Embodiment 4:
Method step is with embodiment 1, and difference is: step (3) will reclaim plastic raw materials and mix in 40: 60 ratio with timber or agricultural crop straw raw material according to the properties of product requirement, form the composite material compound.
Embodiment 5:
Method step is with embodiment 1, and difference is: step (3) will reclaim plastic raw materials and mix in 45: 55 ratio with timber or agricultural crop straw raw material according to the properties of product requirement, form the composite material compound.
Embodiment 6:
Method step is with embodiment 1, and difference is: step (3) will reclaim plastic raw materials and mix in 50: 50 ratio with timber or agricultural crop straw raw material according to the properties of product requirement, form the composite material compound.
In the foregoing description, difference is the variation of raw material proportioning, be to decide two kinds of proportion of raw materials according to the requirement to physical and mechanical property (MOR, internal bond strength, modulus of elasticity etc.), high more to sheet material water resistance and internal bond strength required value, interpolation plastics ratio is big more.
Embodiment 7:
Method step is with embodiment 1, and difference is: plastic foil such as the various agricultural mulchings that will reclaim in the step (1), canopy film, food pack or flat filament woven product clean and are broken into the following diaphragm of 8mm after simple classification.
Reclaim the tiny more of plastic raw materials fragmentation, the product that makes is closely knit more accordingly, but processing cost can rise to some extent.
Embodiment 8:(one-shot forming)
Among the embodiment 1 (4) and (5) step is carried out simultaneously, and other implementation step is identical.
The various embodiments described above can not depart from the scope of the present invention down in addition some variations, thus above explanation comprises and accompanying drawing shown in structure should be considered as exemplary, but not in order to limit the protection domain of the present patent application patent.
Below table 1 be the comparison of the utility model formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor (compound ground of solid wood consolidated floor) and existing consolidated floor (impregnated-paper laminated wood floor), solid wooden compound floor performance:
Table 1 product of the present invention and relevant criterion performance comparison
| Standard No. | Density (g/cm3) | MOR (MPa) | Modulus of elasticity (MPa) | 24h water absorption rate (%) | Internal bond strength (MPa) | |
| Product of the present invention | ??0.93 | ??59.4 | ??7426 | ??9.4 | ??1.06 | |
| Impregnated-paper laminated wood floor | ??GB/T181??02-2007 | ??≥0.85 | ??≥35.0 | ??-- | ??≤18％ | ??≥1.0 |
| Solid wooden compound floor | ??GB/T181??02-2007 | ??-- | ??≥30.0 | ??≥4000 | ??-- | ??-- |
Annotate: "-" expression relevant criterion no this item inspection content in the form.
The raw material that use are wide material sources not only, and cheap, thus make that the product cost of producing is low, and after PROCESS FOR TREATMENT of the present invention, the end properties that makes is good, becomes the class high product.Its cost performance is fabulous, and the good merchantable brand in the solid wooden compound floor of can yet be regarded as is worthy to be popularized.
Claims (8)
1. formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor is characterized in that including:
The batch mixing layer of two-layer toughening fragil veneer and the middle recovery plastics that insert and put and wood particulate or agricultural wastes is through the floor base material of hot pressing, cold treatment preparation;
Upper surface at above-mentioned floor base material is covered with the solid wood decorative veneer, at its back side coated with balance layer.
2. formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the weight percentage ranges of described recovery plastics and wood particulate or agricultural wastes batch mixing is 25: 75 to 50: 50.
3. formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor manufacture method is characterized in that method step is as follows:
(1) will reclaim plastics and directly clean and be broken into the following diaphragm of 15mm;
(2) timber or agricultural wastes are made woody debris or shaving shape raw material by flaking or defibrination, thread rolling, control raw material form is mated its form mutually, and two-phase is evenly mixed during mixing;
(3) raw material that step (1) and step (2) are obtained is after 25: 75 to 50: 50 ratio is mixed in plastics and timber percentage by weight, be paved between the two-layer reinforcement veneer, make the composite floor board base material through hot pressing, cold treatment, wherein, heat pressing process condition: 120 ℃～200 ℃ of temperature, pressure 1～6MPa, time 5～30min;
(4) adopt the no-aldehyde bonding adhesive, the solid wood decorative veneer be overlying on the floor base material surface of above-mentioned steps preparation, and at substrate backside simultaneously coated with balance layer, make the finished product floor through sanding, leaching paint technology.
4. formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor manufacture method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described recovery plastics are more than one the combination in the polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and the flat filament that reclaim.
5. formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor manufacture method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described composite floor board base material adopts the one-time formed complex method of compound of veneer and wood wool and plastics to make.
6. formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor manufacture method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described composite floor board base material adopts the compound of veneer and wood wool and plastics to adopt the complex method of twice moulding to make.
7. formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor manufacture method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described no-aldehyde bonding adhesive is the no-aldehyde cold setting adhesive.
8. formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor manufacture method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described recovery polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride thermoplastic film and flat filament waste plastics product are directly cleaned and be broken into diaphragm below the 8mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910093784 CN101694125B (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2009-09-28 | Formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor and manufacturing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910093784 CN101694125B (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2009-09-28 | Formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor and manufacturing method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101694125A true CN101694125A (en) | 2010-04-14 |
| CN101694125B CN101694125B (en) | 2012-07-11 |
Family
ID=42093118
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200910093784 Active CN101694125B (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2009-09-28 | Formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor and manufacturing method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101694125B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102294724A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-12-28 | 吉林森工金桥地板集团有限公司 | Production method of foreign-formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor |
| CN102423891A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-04-25 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Non-formaldehyde solid wood composite floor using low-density cottonwood veneers as base materials and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103538125A (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2014-01-29 | 福建农林大学 | Process for quickly laminating veneers of formaldehyde-free wood-plastic composite plates |
| CN104989065A (en) * | 2015-07-12 | 2015-10-21 | 北华大学 | Wood and plastic composite floor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105196366A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-30 | 安徽龙华竹业有限公司 | Reinforced board |
| CN106869450A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-20 | 书香门地(上海)新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of compoiste wood floor and preparation method thereof |
| CN109500976A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-22 | 大亚人造板集团有限公司 | A kind of production technology of the low aldehyde particieboard of high intensity |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2823419Y (en) * | 2005-03-16 | 2006-10-04 | 江苏洛基木业有限公司 | Composite floor made of non-formaldehyde base material |
| CN201040911Y (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-03-26 | 青岛联谊木业有限公司 | Wood integrated wood-plastic floor |
| CN201065614Y (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-05-28 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Formaldehyde-free plywood for decoration |
| CN101224966B (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2010-06-23 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Wood-silicon-plastic net floor and preparation method thereof |
-
2009
- 2009-09-28 CN CN 200910093784 patent/CN101694125B/en active Active
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102294724A (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2011-12-28 | 吉林森工金桥地板集团有限公司 | Production method of foreign-formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor |
| CN102294724B (en) * | 2011-06-17 | 2014-06-18 | 吉林森工金桥地板集团有限公司 | Production method of foreign-formaldehyde-free solid wood composite floor |
| CN102423891A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-04-25 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Non-formaldehyde solid wood composite floor using low-density cottonwood veneers as base materials and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103538125A (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2014-01-29 | 福建农林大学 | Process for quickly laminating veneers of formaldehyde-free wood-plastic composite plates |
| CN104989065A (en) * | 2015-07-12 | 2015-10-21 | 北华大学 | Wood and plastic composite floor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105196366A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-30 | 安徽龙华竹业有限公司 | Reinforced board |
| CN106869450A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-20 | 书香门地(上海)新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of compoiste wood floor and preparation method thereof |
| CN109500976A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-22 | 大亚人造板集团有限公司 | A kind of production technology of the low aldehyde particieboard of high intensity |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101694125B (en) | 2012-07-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101694125B (en) | Formaldehyde-free solid wood consolidated compound floor and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN101058207B (en) | Maize stalk and/or wheat stalk composite board and its manufacturing method | |
| CN201065624Y (en) | Formaldehyde-free wood composite floor | |
| CN201065614Y (en) | Formaldehyde-free plywood for decoration | |
| CN106363714A (en) | Method for producing environment-friendly particle board through continuous hot pressing of total eucalypt wood leftover material | |
| CN104690803B (en) | Manufacturing method of fiber boards of non-formaldehyde soybean meal | |
| CN101067350A (en) | Strength natural figured bamboo floor | |
| CN101337373B (en) | Preparation method of silver-grass fiber board of medium density | |
| CN101274444B (en) | Whole bamboo high strength composite industrial floor | |
| CN100575022C (en) | Bamboo matter medium density fibre board (MDF) | |
| CN104760094A (en) | Functional wood-based composite material and manufacture method thereof | |
| CN105437638A (en) | Composite board and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN101653958A (en) | Composite board sectional material of corn stalk and veneer and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN201078093Y (en) | Novel building mould | |
| CN201502159U (en) | Non-formaldehyde solid wood composite laminate flooring | |
| CN104999537A (en) | Manufacturing method of advanced wooden biological compound material | |
| CN2384757Y (en) | Once plastic-coated wheat straw board | |
| CN110900779A (en) | Zero-formaldehyde environment-friendly straw board and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104842410A (en) | Manufacturing method for utilizing larch bark to manufacture non-glue particle boards | |
| CN201162322Y (en) | Full bamboo high-strength composite industrial floor | |
| CN101545317A (en) | Radial bamboo-wood composite mirror surface formwork and its production method | |
| CN108000672A (en) | A kind of wood leftover material recycling technique | |
| CN204586006U (en) | Composite artificial board | |
| CN102051970A (en) | Plastic and wood composite floor and production method thereof | |
| CN105500810A (en) | Composite board and manufacturing method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |