CN101693981A - Preparation method of low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-alloy high-carbon steel with a high-strength and high ductility nano structure, which is characterized in that the steel contains the following chemical components in percent by weight: 0.7-0.9 percent of C, 1.4-1.6 percent of Si, 1.2-1.4 percent of Mn, 1.4-1.6 percent of Al, 0.7-0.9 percent of Cr, 0.7-0.9 percent of W, less than 0.02 percent of P, less than 0.02 percent of S and the balance of Fe. The preparation method comprises the following steps: melting the chemical components according to the weight percent, pouring to form a steel ingot and slowly cooling to the room temperature; heating the steel ingot to 1,160-1,180 DEG C, cogging, and hot rolling to form a plate blank with the thickness being less than 25 mm, wherein the finally rolling temperature is 990-1,010 DEG C; rapidly putting the plate blank into a salt bath with the temperature of 220-260 DEG C after the rolling, and keeping the constant temperature for 4-24h, and then cooling in the air to the room temperature to obtain the low-alloy high-carbon steel with a high-strength and high ductility nano structure, wherein a microstructure comprises bainitic lath ferrites with the thickness of 60-90 nm and residual austenite and has the tensile strength of 2,000-2,300MPa, the yield strength of 1,500-1,900MPa under the condition of 0.2 percent of strain, the total elongation percentage of 6.7-7.8 percent and the uniform elongation percentage of 3.8-5.6 percent; and the Charpy measured by the ASTM:E23-02 standard, i.e. room-temperature impact work of a U-shaped notch specimen, is 7-22J. The invention has simple preparation process, direct constant temperature process in the salt bath after the hot rolling, short period of thermal treatment, low cost and easy application in production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of high-strength steel, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure.
Background technology
As structured material and a large amount of steel that uses, its intensity increases along with the increase of carbon content, but toughness and plasticity reduce.How to realize the synchronous raising of intensity and the toughness or the plasticity of steel, become and improved its use properties and excavate the important topic that it uses potential.
The tradition low-alloy high-carbon steel generally is used to make cutlery, measurer and cold-work die, and the thermal treatment process of its reinforcement is mainly quenching+low-temperaturetempering, obtains tempered martensite after the thermal treatment, has high strength and high rigidity, but its toughness and plasticity are lower.If the raising tempering temperature, though can improve toughness and plasticity, intensity and hardness can reduce greatly.
People such as Bhadeshia (United States Patent (USP): US6884306) disclose the high carbon steel of a kind of bainitic steel-Si-Mn-Cr-Ni-Mo-V alloying, carry out the long-time homogenizing annealing of high temperature after the ingot casting slow cooling, behind austenitizing, carry out the supercooled austenite low temperature isothermal bainite transformation in (1～3 week) for a long time then at a little higher than this steel martensite transformation temperature, obtained the carbide-free Bainite tissue formed by the ferrite bainite ferrite and the residual austenite of nanometer grade thickness, have superstrength and higher fracture toughness property, and compression plasticity preferably.But because of it is the thermal treatment that as-cast structure carries out, stretching plastic is very low, and Charpy notched specimen ballistic work is low, has only 5J.Because isothermal transformation speed is very slow, be used for the industrial cycle long, efficient is low.Afterwards in the high carbon steel of this Si-Mn-Cr-Ni-Mo-V alloying again by adding separately Co or compound interpolation Co and Al, quicken the isothermal bainite transformation (ISIJ International, 2003, Vol.43, p.1821).These two steel alloys obtain maximum pulling strength 200 ℃ of isothermal transformation and are respectively 2200MPa and 2300MPa, corresponding breaking elongation is respectively 4.7% and 7.6%, yield strength is 1400MPa, when isothermal temperature is brought up to 300 ℃, two strength of alloy are reduced to 1800MPa and 1700MPa respectively, yield strength all is reduced to 1300MPa, breaking elongation increases to 29% and 27%, stress strain curve does not have obvious work hardening and constriction (ISIJInternational, 2005, p.1736) Vol.45, illustrates that its overload is bad.Added Co, Ni, Mo, V element in the above-mentioned steel alloy, this can make production cost improve undoubtedly, and ingot casting is without overheating deforming, and casting flaw will remain, and causes performance to reduce.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of preparation method of low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure in order to overcome the weak point of above-mentioned technology and performance.In high carbon steel, add Mn, Cr, Si, Al, W carries out alloying, ingot casting is rolled into slab and eliminates casting flaw, directly isothermal bainite transformation in salt bath of hot rolling slab, obtain the nanostructure carbide-free Bainite tissue formed by the lath-shaped bainite ferrite and the residual austenite of nanometer grade thickness, thereby guarantee obtaining high-intensity high-ductility and the high tenacity of also obtaining simultaneously.
Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is: for containing C 0.7～0.9, Si 1.4～1.6 by weight percentage for the chemical ingredients of low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure, and Mn 1.2～1.4, Al 1.4～1.6, and Cr 0.7～0.9, and W 0.7～0.9, P＜0.02, S＜0.02, surplus is Fe; According to above-mentioned chemical ingredients melting, be cast into steel ingot, slow cooling is to room temperature; Ingot casting is heated to 1160～1180 ℃, cogging is rolled into the slab of thickness less than 25mm, its finishing temperature is 990～1010 ℃, after rolling slab put into salt bath (weight ratio is 1: 1 Sodium Nitrite and a saltpetre mixing salt liquation) isothermal 4～24h of 220～260 ℃ rapidly, air cooling is to room temperature then, make low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure, its tensile strength is 2000～2370MPa, the offset yield strength of strain 0.2% is 1500～1950MPa, breaking elongation is 6.7～7.8%, uniform elongation is 3.8～5.6%, Charpy-U v notch v sample room temperature ballistic work by ASTM E23-02 standard test is 7～22J, and microtexture is that ferrite bainite ferrite and the residual austenite of 60～90nm formed by thickness.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure of the method for the invention preparation has the nanostructure carbide-free Bainite tissue of being made up of the ferrite bainite ferrite and the residual austenite of nanometer grade thickness, and its ingot casting has been eliminated casting flaw through hot rolling, so make material obtaining the high-intensity while, also have higher stretching plastic and impelling strength.Because the low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure of the method for the invention preparation does not contain expensive alloying element Co, Ni, Mo, V, directly carry out salt patenting after the hot rolling, heat treatment cycle is short, the preparation method is simple, therefore can reduce cost greatly, and be easy to be applied aborning.The mechanical property of the low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure of the method for the invention preparation is handled far above this steel quenching+low-temperaturetempering.The tensile strength that 1000 ℃ of+200 ℃ of temper of quenching of this steel obtain is 1400MPa, unit elongation is almost 0, Charpy-U v notch v sample room temperature ballistic work by ASTM E23-02 standard test is 2.1J, and these mechanical performance indexs are far below the low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure relevant mechanical properties index of the method for the invention preparation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the transmission electron microscope photo of 1 one kinds of low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure microtextures of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope photo of 2 one kinds of low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure microtextures of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the transmission electron microscope photo of 3 one kinds of low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure microtextures of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the tensile stress-strain curve of a kind of low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure of the present invention, wherein curve a, b and c difference corresponding embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With 25kg vacuum induction melting low-alloy high-carbon steel, be cast into the cylindrical steel ingot of diameter 100mm, slow cooling is to room temperature, and the ingot casting chemical ingredients is C 0.825 by weight percentage, Si 1.56, and Mn 1.37, and Cr 0.81, and W 0.87, Al 1.44, and P 0.012, and S 0.0053, all the other Fe.Ingot casting is heated to 1170 ℃, carry out split rolling method, 3 passages are rolled into the thick slab of 20mm, 1000 ℃ of finishing temperatures, hot rolling slab is put into 220 ℃ of salt bath isothermal 24h rapidly, air cooling is to room temperature then, make low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure, recording microtexture with transmission electron microscope is that lath-shaped bainite ferrite and the residual austenite of 60nm formed by mean thickness, organize photo to see Fig. 1, record tensile stress-strain curve with electronic tensile machine and see curve a among Fig. 4, its tensile strength is 2370MPa, and yield strength is 1950MPa, and breaking elongation is 6.7%, uniform elongation is 4.5%, is 7.5J by the Charpy-U v notch v sample room temperature ballistic work of ASTM E23-02 standard test.
Embodiment 2
With 25kg vacuum induction melting low-alloy high-carbon steel, be cast into the cylindrical steel ingot of diameter 100mm, slow cooling is to room temperature, and the ingot casting chemical ingredients is C 0.825 by weight percentage, Si 1.56, and Mn 1.37, and Cr 0.81, and W 0.87, Al 1.44, and P 0.012, and S 0.0053, all the other Fe.Ingot casting is heated to 1170 ℃, carry out split rolling method, 3 passages are rolled into the thick slab of 20mm, 1000 ℃ of finishing temperatures, hot rolling slab is put into 240 ℃ of salt bath isothermal 12h rapidly, air cooling is to room temperature then, make low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure, recording microtexture with transmission electron microscope is that lath-shaped bainite ferrite and the residual austenite of 80nm formed by mean thickness, organize photo to see Fig. 2, record tensile stress-strain curve with electronic tensile machine and see curve b among Fig. 4, its tensile strength is 2130MPa, and yield strength is 1820MPa, and breaking elongation is 6.8%, uniform elongation is 3.8%, is 22J by the Charpy-U v notch v sample room temperature ballistic work of ASTM E23-02 standard test.
Embodiment 3
With 25kg vacuum induction melting low-alloy high-carbon steel, be cast into the cylindrical ingot casting of diameter 100mm, slow cooling is to room temperature, and the ingot casting chemical ingredients is C 0.825 by weight percentage, Si 1.56, and Mn 1.37, and Cr 0.81, and W 0.87, Al 1.44, and P 0.012, and S 0.0053, all the other Fe.Ingot casting is heated to 1170 ℃, carry out split rolling method, 3 passages are rolled into the thick slab of 20mm, 1000 ℃ of finishing temperatures, hot rolling slab is put into 260 ℃ of salt bath isothermal 4h rapidly, air cooling is to room temperature then, make low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure, recording microtexture with transmission electron microscope is that lath-shaped bainite ferrite and the residual austenite of 90nm formed by mean thickness, organize photo to see Fig. 3, record tensile stress-strain curve with electronic tensile machine and see curve c among Fig. 4, its tensile strength is 2080MPa, and yield strength is 1530MPa, and breaking elongation is 7.8%, uniform elongation is 5.6%, is 20J by the Charpy-U v notch v sample room temperature ballistic work of ASTME23-02 standard test.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of a low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure, it is characterized in that: the step of described method is as follows:
(1) according to chemical composition weight percent is: C 0.7～0.9, and Si 1.4～1.6, and Mn 1.2～1.4, and Al 1.4～1.6, and Cr 0.7～0.9, and W 0.7～0.9, P＜0.02, S＜0.02, surplus is Fe, carries out melting, pour into ingot casting after slow cooling to room temperature;
(2) ingot casting is heated to 1160～1180 ℃, and cogging is rolled into the slab of thickness less than 25mm, and its finishing temperature is 990～1010 ℃, after rolling slab is put into salt bath isothermal 4～24h of 220～260 ℃ rapidly, and air cooling is to room temperature then.
2. press the preparation method of the described low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure of described method preparation, its tensile strength is 2000～2370MPa, strain is that 0.2% offset yield strength is 1500～1950MPa, breaking elongation is 6.7～7.8%, uniform elongation is 3.8～5.6%, Charpy-U v notch v sample room temperature ballistic work by ASTM E23-02 standard test is 7～22J, and microtexture is made up of 60～90nm thick ferrite bainite ferrite and residual austenite.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN102703837A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-10-03 | 燕山大学 | Nano-structured lath martensite steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN103667862A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-03-26 | 张超 | Tough high-carbon steel material for centrifugal pump blades and preparation method thereof |
| CN105803342A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-27 | 上海瀚氏模具成型有限公司 | Preparation method of surface-nanocrystallized low alloy steel mold |
| CN106636908A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 燕山大学 | Nanometer bainite spring steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN106868414A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | 燕山大学 | Ultra-fine grained ferrite/low temperature bainite two-phase mild steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN107675077A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-09 | 燕山大学 | A kind of middle carbon nanometer bainite unimach, rod iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN111286585A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-16 | 紫荆浆体管道工程股份公司 | Super bainite steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN113930691A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-14 | 江阴市新万沅机件有限公司 | Efficient and low-cost refrigerator lower beam and production process thereof |
| CN114231719A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-25 | 北京科技大学 | Electric pulse treatment method for improving strength of high-carbon steel hot-rolled wire |
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| CN100357477C (en) * | 2005-07-06 | 2007-12-26 | 燕山大学 | Super bainite abrasion-resistant steel and its manuafcturing process |
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- 2009-10-23 CN CN2009100757881A patent/CN101693981B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102703837B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2014-05-14 | 燕山大学 | Nano-structured lath martensite steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN102703837A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-10-03 | 燕山大学 | Nano-structured lath martensite steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN103667862A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-03-26 | 张超 | Tough high-carbon steel material for centrifugal pump blades and preparation method thereof |
| CN106868413A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | 燕山大学 | Ultra-fine grained ferrite/nanometer bainite two-phase medium carbon steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN106868415A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | 燕山大学 | Superhigh intensity ultra-fine grained ferrite/nanometer bainite dual-phase steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN106868414A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-20 | 燕山大学 | Ultra-fine grained ferrite/low temperature bainite two-phase mild steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN105803342A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-07-27 | 上海瀚氏模具成型有限公司 | Preparation method of surface-nanocrystallized low alloy steel mold |
| CN106636908A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-10 | 燕山大学 | Nanometer bainite spring steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN107675077A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-09 | 燕山大学 | A kind of middle carbon nanometer bainite unimach, rod iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN107675077B (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-01-29 | 燕山大学 | A kind of middle carbon nanometer bainite unimach, rod iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN111286585A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-16 | 紫荆浆体管道工程股份公司 | Super bainite steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN113930691A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-14 | 江阴市新万沅机件有限公司 | Efficient and low-cost refrigerator lower beam and production process thereof |
| CN114231719A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-25 | 北京科技大学 | Electric pulse treatment method for improving strength of high-carbon steel hot-rolled wire |
| CN114231719B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-12-20 | 北京科技大学 | Electric pulse treatment method for improving strength of high-carbon steel hot-rolled wire |
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