CN102321852B - Nanostructure carbide-free bainite medium-carbon alloy steel and preparation method - Google Patents
Nanostructure carbide-free bainite medium-carbon alloy steel and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102321852B CN102321852B CN201110255203A CN201110255203A CN102321852B CN 102321852 B CN102321852 B CN 102321852B CN 201110255203 A CN201110255203 A CN 201110255203A CN 201110255203 A CN201110255203 A CN 201110255203A CN 102321852 B CN102321852 B CN 102321852B
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Abstract
Nanostructure carbide-free bainite medium-carbon alloy steel comprises the following chemical components by weight: 0.48-0.52 parts of C, 1.2-1.3 parts of Si, 1.7-1.9 parts of Mn, 1.0-1.4 parts of Al, 1.6-1.8 parts of Cr, 0.5-0.6 parts of Ni, 1.9-2.3 parts of W, less than 0.02 parts of P, less than 0.02 parts of S, and the balance of Fe; the preparation method comprises the following steps: melting the medium-carbon alloy steel with the above components by a vacuum induction furnace, casting to form a steel ingot, slowly cooling to room temperature; heating, performing heat preservation, forging after the steel ingot is taken out of the furnace, slowly cooling to room temperature; heating and austenitizing the product, rapidly cooling to a supercooled austenite temperature range, performing compression deformation with a strain rate of 0.01 s-1 and a press quantity of 50%, rapidly cooling to a temperature slightly higher than a martensite transformation starting temperature, performing isothermal transformation, and cooling to room temperature. The carbon content of the alloy steel of the invention is greatly reduced when compared with that of high-carbon steel, which not only facilitates the improvement of solderability and impact toughness, but also shortens the treatment period, and reduces material cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of steel alloy.
Background technology
As structured material and a large amount of steel that uses, along with its intensity of increase of carbon content increases, but toughness and plasticity reduction.How to realize the synchronous raising of intensity and the toughness or the plasticity of steel, become and improved its use properties and excavate the important topic that it uses potential.The tradition low-alloy high-carbon steel generally is used to make cutlery, measurer and cold-work die, and the thermal treatment process of its reinforcement is mainly quenching+low-temperaturetempering, obtains tempered martensite after the thermal treatment, has HS and high firmness, but its toughness and plasticity are lower.If the raising tempering temperature, though can improve toughness and plasticity, intensity and hardness can reduce greatly.
People such as Bhadeshia (U.S. Pat 6884306) have invented the high carbon steel (the carbon content weight percent is 0.6 ~ 1.1) of a kind of bainitic steel-Si-Mn-Cr-Ni-Mo-V alloying; Carry out the long-time homogenizing annealing of high temperature after the ingot casting slow cooling; Behind austenitizing, carry out the supercooled austenite low temperature isothermal bainite transformation in (1 ~ 3 week) for a long time then at a little higher than this steel martensite transformation temperature; Obtained the nanostructure carbide-free Bainite tissue formed by the ferrite bainite ferritic and the residual austenite of nanometer grade thickness; And have superstrength and higher fracture toughness property, and compression plasticity preferably.But because of it is the thermal treatment that as-cast structure carries out, stretching plastic and Charpy notch specimen ballistic work are very low.And since isothermal transformation speed very slow, its be used for the industrial cycle long, efficient is low.Afterwards in the high carbon steel of this Si-Mn-Cr-Ni-Mo-V alloying again through adding separately Co or compound interpolation Co and Al, quicken the isothermal bainite transformation (ISIJ International, 2003, Vol. 43, p.1821).Chinese invention patent CN101693981B discloses a kind of preparation method of low-alloy high-carbon steel with high-strength and high ductility nano structure; Promptly in high carbon steel, add Mn, Cr, Si, Al, W and carry out alloying; Ingot casting is rolled into slab and eliminates casting flaw, and directly isothermal bainite transformation in salt bath of hot rolling slab obtains the nanostructure carbide-free Bainite tissue of being made up of the lath-shaped bainite ferrite and the residual austenite of nanometer grade thickness; Thereby guarantee obtaining high-intensity also the acquisition simultaneously than high-ductility and toughness; But its carbon content is high, certainly will make the weldableness of steel and impelling strength relatively poor, has limited its range of application as structure iron.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel of a kind of carbon content reduction, cost reduction, weldability and impelling strength raising.
Nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel of the present invention, its chemical ingredients is by weight percentage: C 0.48 ~ 0.52, and Si 1.2 ~ 1.3, and Mn 1.7 ~ 1.9; Al 1.0 ~ 1.4, and Cr 1.6 ~ 1.8, and Ni 0.5 ~ 0.6, and W 1.9 ~ 2.3; < 0.02, < 0.02, surplus is Fe to S to P.
The preparation method of above-mentioned steel alloy is following:
(1) melting: with vacuum induction furnace the medium carbon alloy steel of mentioned component is carried out melting, vacuum tightness 0.1 ~ 0.6 Pa, 1520 ~ 1560 ° of C of temperature, smelting time 0.5 ~ 1.0 h become steel ingot with the molten steel casting of mentioned component, and slow cooling is to room temperature;
(2) forge: ingot casting is heated to 1180 ~ 1220 ° of C insulation 9 ~ 11 h comes out of the stove, begin to forge at 1140 ~ 1160 ° of C, final forging temperature is 980 ~ 1020 ° of C, forges the back slow cooling to room temperature;
(3) compression set: be heated to 980 ~ 1020 ° of C insulation 4 ~ 6 min with 8 ~ 12 ° of C/s, with austenitizing, be cooled to 590 ~ 610 ° of C of supercooled austenite warm area with 18 ~ 25 ° of C/s again, again with strain rate 0.01 s
-1Carry out the compression set of 50% draught; Be cooled to 220 ~ 235 ° of C isothermals of a little higher than Ms (martensite start) point with 18 ~ 25 ° of C/s then and keep 2.5 ~ 3.5 h; Air cooling is to room temperature again; Prepare nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel, its microtexture is that ferrite bainite ferritic and the residual austenite of 50 ~ 70 nm formed by mean thickness.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, carbon content has reduction by a relatively large margin (reducing weight percent 0.1 ~ 0.6), and this not only helps improving weldability and impelling strength, obtains good comprehensive mechanical properties, and can shorten the processing cycle.
2, do not contain expensive alloying element Co, Ni, Mo, V in the steel, can reduce material cost greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sem photograph of the microtexture of the nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel that obtains of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the sem photograph of the microtexture of the nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel that obtains of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
With 25 kg vacuum induction furnaces melting medium carbon alloy steel under vacuum tightness 0.1 Pa and 1520 ° of C of temperature, be cast into the cylindrical steel ingot of diameter 100 mm behind melting 0.5 h, slow cooling is to room temperature, and the ingot casting chemical ingredients is C 0.52 by weight percentage; Si 1.26, and Mn 1.8, and Al 1.28; Cr 1.8, and Ni 0.5, and W 2.3; P 0.012, and S 0.010, and surplus is Fe.Ingot casting is heated to 1200 ° of C is incubated 10 h, coming out of the stove begins to forge at 1140 ° of C, forges into the bar that diameter is 30 mm, and final forging temperature is 980 ° of C, forges the back slow cooling to room temperature; To be processed into diameter be that 10 mm, height are the cylinder of 20 mm with forging bar, and be heated to 980 ° of C with hot mechanical analogy trier with 8 ° of C/s, is incubated 4 min, is cooled fast to 590 ° of C with the speed of cooling of 25 ° of C/s, immediately with strain rate 0.01 s
-1Carry out the compression set of 50% draught; Be cooled fast to 220 ° of C isothermals with the speed of cooling of 20 ° of C/s then and keep 3.5 h; Air cooling is to room temperature again; Prepare nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel, its microtexture is that ferrite bainite ferritic and the residual austenite of 50 nm formed by mean thickness.
Embodiment 2
With 25 kg vacuum induction furnaces under vacuum tightness 0.3 Pa and 1540 ° of C of temperature, the melting medium carbon alloy steel, be cast into the cylindrical steel ingot of diameter 100 mm behind melting 0.7 h, slow cooling is to room temperature, the ingot casting chemical ingredients is C 0.48 by weight percentage; Si 1.3, and Mn 1.9, and Al 1.0; Cr 1.7, and Ni 0.55, and W 2.1; P 0.012, and S 0.010, and surplus is Fe.Ingot casting is heated to 1180 ° of C is incubated 11 h, coming out of the stove begins to forge at 1160 ° of C, forges into the bar that diameter is 30 mm, and final forging temperature is 1020 ° of C, forges the back slow cooling to room temperature; To be processed into diameter be that 10 mm, height are the cylinder of 20 mm with forging bar, and be heated to 1020 ° of C with hot mechanical analogy trier with 10 ° of C/s, is incubated 5min, is cooled fast to 610 ° of C with the speed of cooling of 18 ° of C/s, immediately with strain rate 0.01 s
-1Carry out the compression set of 50% draught; Be cooled fast to 235 ° of C isothermals with the speed of cooling of 25 ° of C/s then and keep 2.5 h; Air cooling is to room temperature again; Prepare nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel, its microtexture is that ferrite bainite ferritic and the residual austenite of 70 nm formed by mean thickness.
Embodiment 3
With 25 kg vacuum induction furnaces melting medium carbon alloy steel under vacuum tightness 0.6 Pa and 1560 ° of C of temperature, be cast into the cylindrical steel ingot of diameter 100 mm behind melting 1.0 h, slow cooling is to room temperature, and the ingot casting chemical ingredients is C 0.5 by weight percentage; Si 1.2, and Mn 1.7, and Al 1.4; Cr 1.6, and Ni 0.6, and W 1.9; P 0.012, and S 0.010, and surplus is Fe.Ingot casting is heated to 1220 ° of C is incubated 9 h, coming out of the stove begins to forge at 1150 ° of C, forges into the bar that diameter is 30 mm, and final forging temperature is 1000 ° of C, forges the back slow cooling to room temperature; To be processed into diameter be that 10 mm, height are the cylinder of 20 mm with forging bar, and be heated to 1000 ° of C with hot mechanical analogy trier with 12 ° of C/s, is incubated 6 min, is cooled fast to 600 ° of C with the speed of cooling of 20 ° of C/s, immediately with strain rate 0.01 s
-1Carry out the compression set of 50% draught; Be cooled fast to 228 ° of C isothermals with the speed of cooling of 18 ° of C/s then and keep 3 h; Air cooling is to room temperature again; Prepare nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel, its microtexture is that ferrite bainite ferritic and the residual austenite of 60 nm formed by mean thickness.
Claims (3)
1. nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel, it is characterized in that: its chemical ingredients is by weight percentage: C 0.48 ~ 0.52, and Si 1.2 ~ 1.3, and Mn 1.7 ~ 1.9; Al 1.0 ~ 1.4, and Cr 1.6 ~ 1.8, and Ni 0.5 ~ 0.6, and W 1.9 ~ 2.3; < 0.02, < 0.02, surplus is Fe to S to P.
2. a kind of nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the microtexture of this nanostructure carbide-free Bainite medium carbon alloy steel is that ferrite bainite ferritic and the residual austenite of 50 ~ 70 nm formed by mean thickness.
3. the preparation method of the described nanostructure carbide-free Bainite of claim 1 medium carbon alloy steel is characterized in that:
(1) melting: the medium carbon alloy steel of the said composition of claim 1 is carried out melting with vacuum induction furnace; Vacuum tightness 0.1 ~ 0.6 Pa, 1520 ~ 1560 ° of C of temperature, smelting time 0.5 ~ 1.0 h; The molten steel casting of above-mentioned chemical ingredients is become steel ingot, and slow cooling is to room temperature;
(2) forge: ingot casting is heated to 1180 ~ 1220 ° of C insulation 9 ~ 11 h comes out of the stove, begin to forge at 1140 ~ 1160 ° of C, final forging temperature is 980 ~ 1020 ° of C, forges the back slow cooling to room temperature;
(3) compression set: be heated to 980 ~ 1020 ° of C insulation 4 ~ 6 min with 8 ~ 12 ° of C/s, be cooled to 590 ~ 610 ° of C with 18 ~ 25 ° of C/s, again with strain rate 0.01 s
-1Carry out the compression set of 50% draught, be cooled to 220 ~ 235 ° of C isothermals with 18 ~ 25 ° of C/s then and keep 2.5 ~ 3.5 h, air cooling is to room temperature again.
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| CN102703837B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2014-05-14 | 燕山大学 | Nano-structured lath martensite steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN104593664B (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2017-01-25 | 东北大学 | Hot-rolled nanometer bainite steel, production method of hot-rolled nanometer bainite steel and manufacturing method of automotive frame |
| CN104962824B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-03-01 | 中北大学 | A kind of nanometer bainitic steel containing pro-eutectoid ferrite and preparation method thereof |
| CN105506448B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-12-29 | 燕山大学 | A kind of low-carbon high hardness nanocomposite bainitic steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112280941B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-07-30 | 燕山大学 | Preparation method of ultrahigh-strength ductile bainite steel based on stacking fault energy regulation |
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| CN101117686A (en) * | 2007-08-24 | 2008-02-06 | 宋润泽 | Mabe wear-resistant steel |
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