CN101688766A - Coordinate measurement device for determining spatial coordinates of a measurement object, and rotating-swivel mechanism for such a coordinate measurement device - Google Patents
Coordinate measurement device for determining spatial coordinates of a measurement object, and rotating-swivel mechanism for such a coordinate measurement device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101688766A CN101688766A CN200880023638A CN200880023638A CN101688766A CN 101688766 A CN101688766 A CN 101688766A CN 200880023638 A CN200880023638 A CN 200880023638A CN 200880023638 A CN200880023638 A CN 200880023638A CN 101688766 A CN101688766 A CN 101688766A
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- probe
- measuring apparatus
- coordinate measuring
- rotating
- swivel mechanism
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/004—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring coordinates of points
- G01B5/008—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring coordinates of points using coordinate measuring machines
- G01B5/012—Contact-making feeler heads therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
- G01B21/047—Accessories, e.g. for positioning, for tool-setting, for measuring probes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/004—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring coordinates of points
- G01B7/008—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring coordinates of points using coordinate measuring machines
- G01B7/012—Contact-making feeler heads therefor
Abstract
A coordinate measurement device for determining spatial coordinates of a measurement object has a scanning head with a scanning head sensor system. The scanning head can be moved relative to the measurement object. The scanning head holds a scanning probe (28) for scanning the measurement object. The scanning probe (28) can be coupled to the scanning head in a spatially adjustable manner via a passive rotation-swivel mechanism (60). The passive rotation-swivel mechanism (60) has a gearbox (86, 92) with an input drive side and an output drive side, wherein the output drive side is coupled to the scanning probe (28) in order to displace the scanning probe (28) relative to the scanning head. The input drive side has at least one access (88) for transmitting an external drive torque for displacing the scanning probe (28).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coordinate measuring apparatus that is used for determining the volume coordinate on the measuring object, this coordinate measuring apparatus has: the probe of band probe sensor system; Be designed for the framed structure that probe is moved with respect to measuring object; The probe/stylus that is used for the contact measurement object; And passive/passive rotating-swivel mechanism, in mode adjustable on the space probe is attached to probe by this passive rotating-swivel mechanism.
In addition, the invention still further relates to a kind of passive rotating-swivel mechanism that is used for above-mentioned coordinate measuring apparatus.
Background technology
For example, by known above-mentioned coordinate measuring apparatus of DE 196 05 776 A1 and above-mentioned rotating-swivel mechanism.
This known coordinate measuring apparatus has probe, and this probe has the probe on the bottom free end of the sleeve that is fixed on vertical setting.But this sleeve in the vertical direction moves, thereby makes probe admit the test board of measuring object to move perpendicular to being used to.This sleeve itself is disposed on the crossbeam of gate and can moves in this crossbeam upper edge first horizontal direction.This gate can move on second horizontal direction with sleeve, thereby probe can be moved on three mutually perpendicular direction in spaces altogether.Probe has defined the measurement volumes that can determine the volume coordinate of measuring object along the range of three axis of movements.
For measuring, measuring object is arranged on the test board.Then, touching the measurement point of picking out on the measuring object with the free most advanced and sophisticated contact of probe.Then, can determine the volume coordinate of the measurement point that is touched by the position of probe in measurement volumes and probe with respect to the skew/deviation of probe.Can determine the physical dimension even the contour of object of measuring object by determine a plurality of volume coordinates in different measurement point.The common application of this coordinate measuring apparatus is the workpiece calibration that is used for quality monitoring.
The measurement point of measuring object often is positioned at the position that probe is difficult to arrival, for example when needing to determine the degree of depth in the hole of lateral arrangement on measuring object.This in order to arrive " hidden " measurement point, probe that known use is different and/or probe combinations.For example in a kind of existing probe configuration, be furnished with probe transverse to the Z axle of coordinate measuring apparatus.In order to carry out the measuring task of multiple complexity, must often change probe and/or probe combinations.This point is disadvantageous, because the replacing probe is consuming time and then prolonged the time that is used to measure.In addition, (measurement) dirigibility/adaptability is limited to available probe combinations.Then need suitable probe or suitable probe combinations if for example need determine with respect to the degree of depth in the hole of 45 ° of the surface tilt of measuring object.
DE 196 05 776 A1 mentioned above propose a kind of probe with passive rotating-swivel mechanism.This rotating-swivel mechanism can change the locus of probe with respect to probe.For example, probe can be swung the angle of about 30 ° or 40 ° with respect to the Z axle, can also rotate around the Z axle.Rotating-swivel mechanism among DE 19,605 776 A1 does not have the drive unit (therefore being called passive rotating-swivel mechanism) that is used to implement this rotation and oscillating motion.In order to regulate probe, in the measurement volumes of coordinate measuring apparatus, be furnished with the locating part/stop part of aster form.Probe is guided between the astral wedge angle by the drive unit of coordinate measuring apparatus, until being clamped at the there.Then, the probe of coordinate measuring apparatus moves in measurement volumes, changes the locus of probe with respect to probe thus.In rotating-swivel mechanism, be furnished with by spring-loading locking structure, the locking of this lockable mechanism act on probe when clamped owing to the motion of probe is subjected to overvoltage.
By the known another kind of coordinate measuring apparatus of DE 28 04 398 A1, wherein, when probe is mobile, can change the locus of probe by means of locating part with respect to probe.
Yet this in practice passive rotating-swivel mechanism does not but get the nod.One big defective of this mechanism is to regulate the required locating part of orientation of probes.This locating part must be arranged in the available measurement volumes, the remarkable so actual available measurement volumes of measuring object that reduced.
Yet what obtain multiple application in practice is to have initiatively/probe of active rotating-swivel mechanism, and this rotating-swivel mechanism is used to change the orientation of probe with respect to probe.This rotating-swivel mechanism has built-in drive unit, can change the orientation of probe with respect to probe by means of this drive unit.The example of rotating-swivel mechanism is initiatively disclosed in EP 1 126 237 A2, US 5 189 806 or DE 37 11 644 A1.Yet, the shortcoming of the rotating-swivel mechanism of this active is, the probe sensor system---promptly can be used for determining the sensing system of probe with respect to the skew of probe---between probe and pivot center and axis of oscillation (from the view of probe, before sensing system is arranged in drive unit).Therefore, the spacing between probe tip and corresponding rotating shaft line and the axis of oscillation is relatively large.So, on measuring object, need bigger stroke.In addition, less at the Maximum total mass of initiatively rotating-swivel mechanism middle probe or probe combinations, reason is because the space is former thereby do not settle balanced controls in the probe sensor system.
DE 44 24 225 A1 disclose a kind of probe with central probe sensor system and ergometry generator (Messkraftgenerator), and this ergometry generator has been realized the definite precompile of probe on three vertical space directions.In many coordinate measuring apparatuses, use such probe, but rotating-swivel mechanism is not set for probe or used probe combinations.
Summary of the invention
Under this background, the objective of the invention is to propose a kind of coordinate measuring apparatus of aforementioned type, this coordinate measuring apparatus can very flexibly, rapidly but still accurately be measured the measuring object with a plurality of different measuring points.Wherein should effectively utilize maximum available measurement volumes as far as possible.
A kind of coordinate measuring apparatus of aforementioned type is proposed according to an aspect of the present invention, in this coordinate measuring apparatus, passive rotating-swivel mechanism has the gearing that band drives input side and drives outgoing side, wherein said driving outgoing side and described probe link to regulate described probe with respect to described probe, and wherein said driving input side has at least one input part is used to regulate described probe with introducing external torque.
A kind of rotating-swivel mechanism is proposed according to a further aspect in the invention, described rotating-swivel mechanism has and is used for the more alias that removable loose ground is connected to probe, wherein said rotating-swivel mechanism has the gearing that is used to admit the receptacle and the band driving input side of probe and drives outgoing side, wherein said driving outgoing side connects with described receptacle to regulate described probe with respect to described probe, and wherein said driving input side has at least one input part is used to regulate described probe with introducing external torque.
The advantage of the probe with central probe sensor system and the advantage that can provide with respect to the probe of probe swing are provided this novel coordinate measuring apparatus.Yet different with known before this suggestion, this novel coordinate measuring apparatus does not need to be used to support or clamp probe to regulate the locating part of probe with respect to probe.But this passive rotating-swivel mechanism has the gearing of the outer input part of band, and this input part has been realized directly to input torque of this rotating-swivel mechanism own or driving moment.For example, driving moment can produce by means of Vidacare corp, yet this drive unit differently is arranged in the outside with rotating-swivel mechanism initiatively, and preferred arrangements is on the position by central authorities as far as possible of coordinate measuring apparatus.For example, the axle of outside Vidacare corp can be bonded in the corresponding axle receptacle of rotating-swivel mechanism, to introduce the driving moment that is used to regulate probe on the driving input side of gearing.
And a kind of with the preferred implementation that further describes by means of detailed embodiment hereinafter in, this novel coordinate measuring apparatus utilizes the existing adjusting of coordinate measuring apparatus drive unit/topworks/servo driving, and that is to say does not need other gearing in this preferred implementation.
This novel coordinate measuring apparatus irrespectively has the following advantages with the embodiment of reality: measurement volumes can be used to admit measuring object basically fully.In addition, can on the middle position that is positioned at measurement volumes of probe, external drive moment be introduced rotating-swivel mechanism, thereby only need very little stroke to regulate the spatial orientation of probe.Observe the central probe sensor system be arranged in after the rotation-oscillation axis from probe and can have a lot of design of rotation-oscillation facet joint complex, because available structure space is very little to the influence of the accessibility of measuring object than active.Very advantageously be to use the probe with one or more ergometry generators, this ergometry generator has been realized the precompile of probe on the one hand, has realized balance on the other hand.Based on central probe sensor system, can also be built-in simply relatively or use other balanced controls in addition.
On the other hand, this novel coordinate measuring apparatus provides the whole advantages that drawn with respect to the variable adjustment ability of popping one's head in by probe.Especially the complicated measuring object that can have different measuring point by means of seldom probe and/or the incompatible measurement of probe groups.Owing to can reduce the number of times of required before this replacing probe, this novel coordinate measuring apparatus can very rapidly be carried out complicated measuring task.Probe sensor system of central authorities has also realized point-device measurement.
Realized above-mentioned purpose thus fully.
In a preferred design, rotating-swivel mechanism has at least one lockable mechanism, this lockable mechanism has off-position and lock position, wherein lockable mechanism discharges probe so that probe can be conditioned by gearing in the off-position, wherein lockable mechanism anti-locking probe rotationally in the lock position.
As a kind of alternative scheme, probe for example also can be maintained in its position by friction, and described friction is overcome by the driving moment of introducing from the outside.Different therewith, use lockable mechanism in the lock position, to realize big confining force to probe with off-position and lock position.This big confining force has been realized higher measuring accuracy and has stoped for example regulating probe location unintentionally when the contact measurement object.
In another design proposal, rotating-swivel mechanism has first pivot center and second pivot center at least, and wherein first pivot center extends in being parallel to the plane of probe, and wherein second pivot center extends transverse to probe.First pivot center preferably is perpendicular to one another with second pivot center.
In this design proposal, this rotating-swivel mechanism has been realized probe is adjusted to a plurality of positions in the segment neatly.As a kind of alternative scheme, also can realize the present invention with the mechanism that only has a probe motion axis, wherein still be mechanism's use term " rotating-swivel mechanism " of this simplification for brevity at this.Bigger dirigibility based on two pivot centers has realized the measurement faster, that changeability is bigger.
In another design proposal, lockable mechanism has first lock piece and second lock piece, and wherein first lock piece is about the first pivot center locking probe, and wherein second lock piece is about the second pivot center locking probe.
In this design proposal, can on purpose discharge probe with respect to first pivot center or second pivot center.This design proposal has especially realized regulating probe around pivot center wherein, thereby and another pivot center is remained on probe in the one stable position with respect to second pivot center by locking.This design proposal has realized that very high measuring accuracy is regulated and then realized to probe very accurately.
In another design proposal, gearing is designed for around first pivot center or second pivot center and regulates probe.
In this design proposal, be that the parts of gearing are used simultaneously in adjusting that centers on first pivot center and the adjusting that centers on second pivot center at least.Therefore, this gearing is a kind of gearing that has a plurality of optional driving outgoing sides where necessary.As a kind of alternative scheme, can be every pivot center related one oneself, independent gearing.Different with this alternative scheme, this preferred design proposal has realized lightweight, and this point is favourable to available probe length and probe configuration.First and second lock pieces of this design proposal with the independent removable pine that is respectively applied for first and second pivot centers are combined, and are particularly advantageous.This is in conjunction with the structure of the very simple and lightweight that has realized novel rotating-swivel mechanism.Can realize gearing with parts seldom based on independent lock piece.
In another design proposal, rotating-swivel mechanism has at least one actuator, and this actuator is designed for and makes described at least one lockable mechanism be transformed into the off-position from the lock position.
In this design proposal, can be by means of actuator release probe on purpose, thus set new probe location.Actuator preferably is built in the rotating-swivel mechanism, thereby does not need probe is made amendment.
In another design proposal, rotating-swivel mechanism has another input part with from externally actuated described actuator.
This design proposal has realized installing additional simply novel rotating-swivel mechanism in old-fashioned coordinate measuring apparatus.
In another design proposal, rotating-swivel mechanism has driving wheel, especially has the gear of outer toothed portion, and this driving wheel forms another input part.
By means of as described in the preferred embodiment, driving wheel---as the gear with outer toothed portion---has been realized as following: produce and introduce very simple and inexpensively driving moment by means of this adjusting drive unit that just exists in coordinate measuring apparatus.In principle, can use friction gearing to replace gear.
In another design proposal, actuator has at least three actuated positions, wherein first actuated position is designed to make lockable mechanism about all pivot center locking probes, and wherein second actuated position and the 3rd actuated position are designed to make lockable mechanism to discharge probe about a pivot center respectively.
This design proposal allows to realize described novel rotating-swivel mechanism that this rotating-swivel mechanism has all advantages of previous designs scheme especially simple and compactly.
In another design proposal, gearing has second driving wheel of the input part that is formed for external drive moment, especially has second gear of outer toothed portion.
As mentioned above, the gear with outer toothed portion has been realized producing outside driving moment by means of this adjusting drive unit that just exists in coordinate measuring apparatus very simplely, easy and inexpensive.But also can use friction gearing at this in principle.Two design proposals can be implemented very simple and inexpensively.
In another design proposal, rotating-swivel mechanism has at least one and the anti-eccentric structure (Excenter) that is connected rotationally of second driving wheel.In another design proposal, on matrix, arrange another eccentric structure, this eccentric structure can be with probe around first pivot axis.
This eccentric structure has been realized very simply, has accurately been determined with respect to each probe location of popping one's head in.Advantageously can use the probe sensor system for this reason, wherein pop one's head in the known measurement point (reference measure point) of eccentric structure contact.Use an eccentric structure to realize definite simply probe location respectively with respect to each pivot center.
In another design proposal, coordinate measuring apparatus comprise one have longitudinal extension, the linear locating part of tooth bar form especially, wherein probe can extend mobile with respect to linear locating part along the longitudinal.
In order to produce external drive moment on rotating-swivel mechanism by means of the existing adjusting drive unit of coordinate measuring apparatus, this design proposal is a kind of very simple, inexpensive feasible program.Advantageously, linear locating part is arranged in the middle section of coordinate measuring apparatus.
In another design proposal, framed structure has a crossbeam that is furnished with tooth bar, and wherein probe can move with respect to crossbeam.
In the coordinate measuring apparatus of door shape or bridge shape structure, linear locating part advantageously is arranged on the crossbeam of portal structures or bridge shape structure, and this has realized the short especially stroke that is used to regulate probe location.In addition, the measurement volumes of this coordinate measuring apparatus is used to admit measuring object fully.
In another design proposal, probe has at least one ergometry generator, and this ergometry generator can cause the precompile of probe.
This design proposal is favourable, is associated because can utilize ergometry factor (Messkraftfaktor) with rotating-swivel mechanism and external drive moment source---as above-mentioned tooth bar and/or outside Vidacare corp---.
In another design proposal, the removable loose ground of rotating-swivel mechanism is arranged on the probe.
This design proposal has realized: replace traditional probe or probe combinations with rotating-swivel mechanism on probe.In addition, in this design proposal, realized reequiping existing coordinate measuring apparatus in simple, inexpensive mode.
Obviously, without departing from the scope of the invention, above-mentioned feature and the feature that will be described below can not only be with the various applied in any combination that provide, and can be with other applied in any combination or independent utility.
Description of drawings
Embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings, and below it is described further.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 illustrates coordinate measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates the probe with probe sensor system and ergometry generator in simplified form;
Fig. 3 illustrates the side sectional view of preferred embodiment of the rotating-swivel mechanism of the coordinate measuring apparatus that is used for Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 to 8 illustrates the rotating-swivel mechanism of Fig. 3 with different working positions.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the embodiment of novel coordinate measuring apparatus, and this coordinate measuring apparatus integral body is with label 10 marks.This coordinate measuring apparatus 10 has base 12 at this, is furnished with a gate 14 in the mode that can move along the longitudinal direction on this base.Gate 14 is commonly referred to Y-axis with respect to the direction of motion of base 12.On the entablature of gate 14, be furnished with the balladeur train/slide block 16 that can move in a lateral direction.This horizontal direction is commonly referred to X-axis.Balladeur train 16 is supported with sleeve 18, and this sleeve 18 can be along the Z direction, promptly perpendicular to moving on the direction of base 12. Label 20,22,24 expressions can be used for the measurement mechanism of the position of definite gate 14, balladeur train 16 and sleeve 18. Measurement mechanism 20,22,24 is glass scale/scale normally, and it can be read by means of right sensors.
On sleeve 18 bottom free ends, be furnished with the probe 26 of band probe 28.Probe 28 is in the spherical contact/measurer contact that has the measurement point that is used on the contact measurement object 30 on the free end of bottom.By means of measurement mechanism 20,22,24 can determine to pop one's head in 26 when the contact measurement point position in measurement volumes.Subsequently, can determine the volume coordinate of the measurement point that is touched based on described position.
Represent an analysis controlling unit with label 32.This analysis controlling unit 32 is used for 26 controlling along the motor driven of moving of three coordinate axis X, Y and Z popping one's head on the one hand.On the other hand, this analysis controlling unit 32 reads measured value from measurement mechanism 20,22,24, and determines the current volume coordinate of measurement point based on described measured value and based on the skew of probe 28, and determines other geometric parameter of measuring object 30 where necessary.With label 34 expressions one control stand, this control stand can be set alternatively with manual mobile probe 26.
According to one embodiment of present invention, tooth bar 36 is fixed on the crossbeam of gate 14.Tooth bar 36 is arranged as probe 26 can be moved in the zone of tooth bar 36 by means of sleeve part 18, as hereinafter further describing in more detail by Fig. 3 to 8.For example can arrange also that at this rubbing surface replaces tooth bar, friction pulley can roll on this rubbing surface.In addition, can arrange herein that in other embodiments a Vidacare corp is used to regulate the external drive moment of probe 28 with generation.In addition, tooth bar 36 or Vidacare corp (not shown at this) also can be arranged in other position in the measurement volumes of coordinate measuring apparatus 10, for example be arranged in that one of door pillar is gone up and/or unshowned for simplicity's sake probe storage portion (Taststiftmagazin) on.
By means of the synoptic diagram of simplifying, the basic working modes of probe 26 shown in Figure 2.Probe 26 has by two sheet springs, 42,44 interconnective fixed part 38 and movable members 40. Sheet spring 42,44 is formed an elasticity parallelogram, and this elasticity parallelogram makes the parts 40 can to-and-fro movement on the direction shown in the arrow 46.Therefore, probe 28 can be from its rest position offset distance D.Label 28 ' the schematically illustrated probe 28 that is positioned at deviation post.
On fixed part 38 and movable member 40, be furnished with arm 48,50 respectively.Described arm 48,50 is parallel to sheet spring 42,44 and parallel to each other.Between arm 48 and 50, be furnished with a sensor 52 (at rule this illustrate 54) and ergometry generator 56.This sensor 52 can be movable coil/movable wire-core coil, Hall element, piezoresistance sensor or other sensor, can determine that by means of these sensors probe 28 is spatially with respect to the skew of fixed part 38.Ergometry generator 56 for example can be the movable coil that two arms 48,50 can be furthered mutually or push open mutually.
In the reduced graph of Fig. 2, probe 26 has only been realized the skew of probe on direction shown in the arrow 46.Yet, well known to a person skilled in the art to be that this probe can be implemented in the respective offsets on two other vertical direction in space usually.Described the embodiment of this probe in aforesaid document DE 44 24 225 A1, the disclosure that is incorporated herein the document as a reference.Yet the present invention is not limited to this concrete probe, but can utilize other measuring sonde or switch probe/switch probe (schaltenden
) implement.
Well known to a person skilled in the art to be that the probe of the type that the utmost point illustrates briefly in Fig. 2 has the receptacle of stationary probe 28 replaceably usually.
In a preferred embodiment, have the rotating-swivel mechanism of probe 28 but not probe 28 is inserted in the probe receptacle of probe 26, thereby can select rotating-swivel mechanism or conventional probe stationary on probe 26.A preferred embodiment of rotating-swivel mechanism is described in more detail according to Fig. 3 to 8 hereinafter.
Preferred rotating-swivel mechanism is used label 60 marks on the whole in Fig. 3 to 8.This rotating-swivel mechanism 60 end thereon has dish 62, and this dish is complementary with the probe receptacle of probe 26.What relate at this is conventional removable dish, as normally used in the removable probe.Removable dish 62 is fixed on the matrix 64.Matrix 64 forms the fixed part of rotating-swivel mechanism 60.This matrix 64 has with first gear 66 of outer toothed portion 67 radially at bottom free end upper support.Gear 66 can rotate around the vertical axis 68 of rotating-swivel mechanism 60 on matrix 64.
At this, matrix 64 has the cavity that is positioned at inside, fixes a rod member 70 that extends straight down on the bottom of this cavity.Rod member 70 has dish 72 on the free end of its underpart, coiling 72 upper supports at this has a volute spring 74.
With rod member 70 pipe fitting 76 is set with one heart, this pipe fitting can vertically move (referring to Fig. 4) on rod member 70.Pipe fitting 76 has a cone 78 of fixedlying connected with pipe fitting 76 on the bottom, and has a bicone 80 of fixedlying connected with pipe fitting 76 on the upper end.
With the axis body of label 82 expressions one with pipe fitting 76 concentric settings.This axis body 82 is pressed against on the bottom of matrix 64 by spring 74.Between the end face that faces one another of matrix 64 and axis body 82, be furnished with ball tooth portion 84.This ball tooth portion 84 forms first locking structure, by this first locking structure axis body 82 is bearing on the matrix 64 in anti-mode of rotating.This ball tooth portion 84 comprises a plurality of first and second spheroids, and wherein first spheroid is arranged in the ring groove on the bottom free end of matrix 64, and second spheroid is arranged in the corresponding annular groove on the upper end of axis body 82.Because the spring force of spring 74, these spheroids are locked mutually.Also can use ball-roller tooth portion, cut end face tooth (Hirth-Verzahnung) or other suitable lockable mechanism replaces ball-ball tooth portion.
In addition, arrange another axis body 98 on tubular shaft 90, this axis body resists with gear 92 and is connected rotationally.This axis body 98 is locked on the side of the first axle body 82 by anti-rotationally by another ball tooth portion 100.As long as by means of another spring 102 axis body 98 is pressed against on the first axle body 82, ball tooth portion 100 just forms second locking structure.Here also can use ball-roller tooth portion or cut the end face tooth and replace ball-ball tooth portion.
The outer toothed portion 94 of gear 92 is not to extend on the whole periphery of gear 92, but only extends on about 270 °.On the circular arc of the no outer toothed portion 94 of gear 92, probe 28 is fixed in the probe bearing in the mode of removable pine.
In the upper end of pipe fitting 76, bicone 80 and two other stroke lever 106,108 (Fig. 4) acting in conjunction in a similar fashion.Stroke lever 106,108 can be subjected to spring load, so that a rest position of determining to be set.Matrix 64 has two radial holes on the free end of its underpart, arrange one of stroke lever 106,108 in described radial hole respectively movably.The stroke lever 106,108 and first gear 66 are arranged in a plane.Stroke lever 106 is bearing on the last conical surface of bicone 80, and stroke lever 108 is resisted against on the following conical surface of bicone 80.When (Fig. 4) pushing stroke lever 106 on the direction shown in the arrow 110, stroke lever 106 utilizes the elastic force of bicone 80, antagonistic spring 74 to push pipe fitting 76 downwards.Because cone 78 is bearing on the axis body 82 in the lower end of pipe fitting 76, so this motion of pipe fitting 86 pushing downwards comprises the whole axis body 82 of second gear 86 and the 3rd gear 92.This motion is represented by arrow 112 in Fig. 4.Discharge the locking of the first ball tooth portion 84 by the motion of axis body 82 on direction shown in the arrow 112.In this working position, axis body 82 can rotate around vertical axis 68 together with the gear 92 that is locked on this axis body 82.
On the contrary, if when (Fig. 6) radially inwardly pushes stroke lever 108 on the direction shown in the arrow 114, the trip bar 108 utilizes bicone 80 upwards to promote pipe fitting 76.By this motion cone 78 is moving upward, cone 78 radially outwards pushes stroke lever 104, thereby discharges the second ball tooth portion 100.At this working position (Fig. 6), gear 92 can rotate with respect to axis body 82.
For actuation stroke bar 106,108, gear 66 has the eccentric recess 116 that is positioned at radially inner side.In working position shown in Figure 3, recess 116 is arranged to make two stroke levers 106,108 not move on the direction of bicone 80.Therefore, pipe fitting 76 all is in the rest position together with cone 78 and bicone 80.Two ball tooth portions 84,100 all are engaged.Probe 28 is fixed in definite position and the orientation with respect to probe (not shown at this).
In order to regulate probe 28, at first the probe 26 with coordinate measuring apparatus 10 moves in the zone of tooth bar 36 now.Then, make gear 66 and tooth bar 36 engagements (Fig. 4) by means of ergometry generator 56.At this moment by being parallel to tooth bar 36 (directions X) mobile probe 26, produce the driving moment that acts on gear 66.Respectively according to probe 26 moving directions with respect to tooth bar 36, gear 66 clockwise or rotate counterclockwise.In working position shown in Figure 4, eccentric recess 116 " is opened " in the zone of stroke lever 108 owing to rotational motion.On the contrary, recess 116 " is closed " in the zone of stroke lever 106, and stroke lever 106 is inwardly pushed on the direction shown in the arrow 110.Therefore, pipe fitting 76 is urged downwardly, and overcomes the elastic force drive axis body 82 of spring 74.At this moment discharged the first ball tooth portion 84.
As shown in Figure 5, mobile probe 26 on the Z direction subsequently is so that second gear 86 and tooth bar 36 engagements.By probe 26 is moved along X-axis and then along tooth bar 36 again, axis body 82 is rotated around vertical axis 68, this illustrates with arrow 118 in Fig. 5.In case probe 28 reaches the expection turned position around vertical axis 68,26 feed motions with respect to tooth bar 36 just stop to pop one's head in.By means of the engagement of ergometry generator 56 gears 86 disengagings with tooth bar 36.Then, sleeve 18 and probe 26 are moved together on the Z direction, make first gear 66 and tooth bar 36 engagements (Fig. 4) once more.By making probe 26 along tooth bar 36 counter motions pipe fitting 76 be discharged once more, spring 74 pushes ball tooth portion on the matrix 64 with axis body 82.At this moment, the turned position of the new settings of probe 28 is fixed.
In the adjusting that centers on 91 pairs of probes 28 of second pivot center shown in Fig. 6 and 7.Here, similarly at first make gear 66 and tooth bar 36 engagements.By 26 the suitable feed motions of popping one's head in gear 66 is rotated, thereby make stroke lever 108 upwards push bicone 80 along tooth bar 36.Radially outwards push the stroke lever 104 (arrow 120) on the second axle body 98 thus.The second ball tooth portion 100 is released.Then, on the Z direction, promote probe 26, so that second gear 86 and tooth bar 36 engagements.By the 26 generation driving moments of moving along tooth bar 36 of popping one's head in, this driving moment is passed to gear 92 by tooth portion 94,96.Therefore, probe 28 rotates around axis of pitch 91, and this illustrates by double-head arrow 122 in Fig. 7.
In a preferred embodiment, the cone angle size of the length of stroke lever 104 and cone 78 is configured to, and ball tooth portion 100 is not exclusively broken away from, but keep a least residue mesh volume.Produce a braking moment in this way, this braking moment prevent gear 86 when tooth bar 36 breaks away from probe 28 because action of gravity and backward rotation.Those of skill in the art will recognize that in order to produce corresponding braking moment, also is to adopt other different therewith embodiments, is resisted against the friction piece on the gear 92 when for example breaking away from by means of electromagnet and/or in ball tooth portion 100.
Make stroke lever 108 get back to its rest position once more by first gear 66 that resets, ball tooth portion 100 is locking probe 28 once more.
Fig. 8 illustrates a kind of flexible program, utilizes this flexible program can determine probe 28 each position with respect to probe 26.At this, two eccentric discs 124,126 are used for described position and determine.First eccentric disc 124 and axis body 82 are anti-to be connected rotationally, thereby and is arranged as with axis body 82 is concentric can determines the angle position of axis body 82 about vertical axis 68 on the periphery of eccentric disc 124.Second eccentric disc 126 resists with second gear 86 and is connected rotationally, and is arranged to and can determines the angle position of gears 86 about vertical axis 68 by means of this eccentric disc 126.Now in order to determine the locus of probe 28, at first will pop one's head in 26 moves on on the tooth bar 36 (or other given reference measure point), so that eccentric disc 126 contacts tooth bars 36.Can determine the angle position of gear 86 then by means of probe sensor system 52.Then mobile probe 26 makes eccentric disc 124 contact tooth bars 36 (or other given reference measure point).Determine the angle position of axis body 82 then by means of probe sensor system 52.Because in this embodiment, the representative of the angle position of gear 86 is around the rotation sum of vertical axis 68 and axis of pitch 91, so can determine the angle position of probe 28 about axis of pitch 91 by the difference of the angle position of two eccentric discs 124,126.Scheme as an alternative also can be determined by alternate manner at the angle position of this probe 28, for example by means of in the zone that is arranged in gear 92 and the incremental encoder in the zone of axis body 82.
The another kind of improvement project that embodiment is shown is, the driving moment that is used to regulate probe 28 is not to utilize tooth bar 36 and the 26 corresponding feed motions along tooth bar 36 of popping one's head in produce.For example, can utilize motor directly gear 66,86 to be applied driving moment.This drive motor (not shown at this) preferably is arranged in the zone of crossbeam of gate 14 equally.
In all embodiment described so far, gear 86 forms a gearing, can introduce the driving moment that is used to regulate probe 28 at the driving input side (by outer toothed portion 94 inputs) of this gearing.According to which the bar pivot center that will adjust probe 28, gear 86 and gear 92 actings in conjunction are with to probe 28 transmission of drive force squares.Ball tooth portion 84,100 forms a lockable mechanism, utilizes this mechanism to discharge or anti-locking probe 28 rotationally.Gear 66 forms an actuator with stroke lever 104-108, pipe fitting 76 and cone 78,80, utilizes this actuator optionally lockable mechanism to be transformed into the off-position from the lock position.Whole rotating-swivel mechanism 60 just is enough to application under the situation of no internal transmission, so rotating-swivel mechanism 60 can constitute to utmost point lightweight and then can be used as in the probe receptacle of whole insertion probe 26.Therefore passive pivot center 68,91 can utilize all advantages of central probe sensor system between probe 28 and central probe sensor system.Especially can under the situation of not changing novel rotating-swivel mechanism 60, use the probe of existing complexity.Obviously, only need carry out corresponding analysis software adaptive to consider probe 28 each control position with respect to probe 26.The preferred middle position that probe sensor system of central authorities and being used to introduces driving moment influences available measurement volumes hardly.In order to keep measurement volumes as much as possible, advantageously tooth bar 36 (or other is used for producing the driving mechanism of driving moment) is arranged in the zone along the upper end position of Z axle of probe 26.
Claims (16)
1. coordinate measuring apparatus that is used for determining the volume coordinate on the measuring object (30), described coordinate measuring apparatus has: the probe (26) that has probe sensor system (52); Be designed for the framed structure (14,16,18) that makes described probe (26) mobile with respect to described measuring object (30); Be used to contact the probe (28) of described measuring object (30); And passive rotating-swivel mechanism (60), by described passive rotating-swivel mechanism described probe (28) is attached to described probe (26) in the mode that can spatially regulate, it is characterized in that, described passive rotating-swivel mechanism (60) has the gearing (86 that band drives input side and drives outgoing side, 92), wherein said driving outgoing side connects with described probe (28) to regulate described probe (28) with respect to described probe (26), and wherein said driving input side has at least one input part (88) is used to regulate described probe (28) with introducing external drive moment.
2. coordinate measuring apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rotating-swivel mechanism (60) has at least one lockable mechanism (84,100), described lockable mechanism (84,100) has off-position and lock position, wherein said lockable mechanism (84,100) discharges described probe (28) so that described probe (28) can be conditioned via described gearing (86,92) in described off-position, wherein said lockable mechanism (84,100) is the anti-described probe of locking (28) rotationally in described lock position.
3. coordinate measuring apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described rotating-swivel mechanism (60) has first, second pivot center (68,91) at least, wherein said first pivot center (68) extends in the plane that is parallel to described probe (28), and wherein said second pivot center (91) extends transverse to described probe (28).
4. coordinate measuring apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described lockable mechanism has first lock piece (84) and second lock piece (100), wherein said first lock piece (84) is about the described probe of described first pivot center (68) locking (28), and wherein said second lock piece (100) is about the described probe of described second pivot center (91) locking (28).
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described coordinate measuring apparatuses, it is characterized in that, described gearing (86,92) be designed for around described first or described second pivot center (68,91) regulate described probe (28).
6. according to a described coordinate measuring apparatus in the claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that, described rotating-swivel mechanism (60) has at least one actuator (66,76,78,80,104,106,108), and described actuator is designed for and makes described at least one lockable mechanism (84,100) be transformed into described off-position from described lock position.
7. coordinate measuring apparatus according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described rotating-swivel mechanism (60) has another input part (67) to activate described actuator (66,76,78,80,104,106,108).
8. coordinate measuring apparatus according to claim 7 is characterized in that described coordinate measuring apparatus has first driving wheel, especially has the gear (66) of outer toothed portion (67), and described first driving wheel forms described another input part.
9. according to a described coordinate measuring apparatus in the claim 6 to 8, it is characterized in that, described actuator (66,76,78,80,104,106,108) has at least three actuated positions, wherein first actuated position is designed to make described lockable mechanism (84,100) about the described probes of all pivot center lockings (28), and wherein second actuated position and the 3rd actuated position are designed to make described lockable mechanism (84,100) to discharge described probe (28) about a pivot center (68,91) respectively.
10. according to a described coordinate measuring apparatus in the claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described gearing (86,92) has second driving wheel, especially has second gear (86) of outer toothed portion (88), and described second driving wheel forms described input part (88).
11. coordinate measuring apparatus according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described coordinate measuring apparatus has and the anti-eccentric structure (126) that is connected rotationally of described second driving wheel (86).
12. according to a described coordinate measuring apparatus in the claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that, described coordinate measuring apparatus comprises that one has the linear locating part (36) of longitudinal extension, and wherein said probe (26) can be mobile with respect to described linear locating part (36) along described longitudinal extension.
13. coordinate measuring apparatus according to claim 12 is characterized in that, described framed structure (14,16,18) has crossbeam, and described linear locating part (36) is arranged on the described crossbeam, and wherein said probe (26) can move with respect to described crossbeam.
14. a described coordinate measuring apparatus according in the claim 1 to 13 is characterized in that, described probe (26) has at least one ergometry generator (56), and described ergometry generator (56) can cause the precompile of described probe (28).
15. a described coordinate measuring apparatus according in the claim 1 to 14 is characterized in that, the removable loose ground of described rotating-swivel mechanism (60) is arranged on the described probe (26).
16. rotating-swivel mechanism that is used for according to a described coordinate measuring apparatus of claim 1 to 14, described rotating-swivel mechanism has and is used for removable loose ground and is connected to the more alias (62) of probe (26) and the receptacle that is used to admit probe (28), it is characterized in that, described rotating-swivel mechanism comprises that band drives the gearing (86 of input side and driving outgoing side, 92), wherein said driving outgoing side and described receptacle link to regulate described probe (28) with respect to described probe (26), and wherein said driving input side has at least one input part (88) is used to regulate described probe (28) with introducing external drive moment.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007022326.0A DE102007022326B4 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2007-05-08 | Coordinate measuring device for determining spatial coordinates on a measurement object, and rotating/pivoting mechanism for such a coordinate measuring device |
| DE102007022326.0 | 2007-05-08 | ||
| PCT/EP2008/003100 WO2008135144A1 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2008-04-17 | Coordinate measurement device for determining spatial coordinates of a measurement object, and rotating-swivel mechanism for such a coordinate measurement device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101688766A true CN101688766A (en) | 2010-03-31 |
| CN101688766B CN101688766B (en) | 2012-10-31 |
Family
ID=39591623
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200880023638XA Expired - Fee Related CN101688766B (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2008-04-17 | Coordinate measurement device for determining spatial coordinates of a measurement object, and rotating-swivel mechanism for such a coordinate measurement device |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101688766B (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0811437A2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102007022326B4 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2451265C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008135144A1 (en) |
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- 2008-04-17 CN CN200880023638XA patent/CN101688766B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-04-17 BR BRPI0811437-4A2A patent/BRPI0811437A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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| CN103827637A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2014-05-28 | 卡尔蔡司工业测量技术有限公司 | Calibrating and operating rotary devices, in particular for rotating probe heads and/or probes of coordinate measuring devices |
| CN103827637B (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2016-02-24 | 卡尔蔡司工业测量技术有限公司 | The calibration of whirligig and operation, in particular for making the spy contact of coordinate measuring apparatus and/or visiting calibration and the operation of the whirligig that contact element rotates |
| US10670383B2 (en) | 2011-07-08 | 2020-06-02 | Carl Zeiss Industrielle Messtechnik Gmbh | Calibrating and operating rotary devices, in particular for rotating probe heads and/or probes of coordinate measuring machines |
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| CN109269379A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-25 | 重庆庆兰实业有限公司 | A kind of knuckle cubing |
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| CN110285759B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2021-01-12 | 台州市肯创机械设备有限公司 | High-sensitivity three-coordinate measuring machine detection mechanism |
| CN117169598A (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2023-12-05 | 无锡卓海科技股份有限公司 | Resistance measuring instrument |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008135144A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
| BRPI0811437A2 (en) | 2014-12-16 |
| RU2009145166A (en) | 2011-06-20 |
| CN101688766B (en) | 2012-10-31 |
| DE102007022326A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
| DE102007022326B4 (en) | 2022-07-07 |
| RU2451265C2 (en) | 2012-05-20 |
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