CN101669407B - 用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法 - Google Patents

用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法 Download PDF

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CN101669407B
CN101669407B CN2007800529102A CN200780052910A CN101669407B CN 101669407 B CN101669407 B CN 101669407B CN 2007800529102 A CN2007800529102 A CN 2007800529102A CN 200780052910 A CN200780052910 A CN 200780052910A CN 101669407 B CN101669407 B CN 101669407B
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voltage
pulse
lamp
pressure discharge
discharge lamps
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CN101669407A (zh
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贝恩德·科克
斯特凡·利希滕伯格
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Osram GmbH
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/2881Load circuits; Control thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02Details
    • H05B41/04Starting switches
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02Details
    • H05B41/04Starting switches
    • H05B41/042Starting switches using semiconductor devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2928Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法,其中在脉冲串的预定的时间中将接收电压施加到灯上,并且将该接收电压叠加点燃脉冲,使得点燃脉冲的电压和接收电压相加,并且在两个脉冲串之间设计有间歇,其中点燃脉冲从脉冲串到脉冲串地或者在脉冲串内地从接收电压的正半波切换为接收电压的负半波,以及相反地进行。

Description

用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于点燃高压放电灯的方法。本发明尤其是涉及一种点燃方法,该方法可以在电子驱动装置中实施并且解决放电灯的与极性相关的点燃愿望的问题。长期以来,电子镇流器被越来越多地使用。高压放电灯在其工作方式方面比低压放电灯更难以控制,并且因此电子驱动装置更为昂贵。通常,高压放电灯以低频矩形电流驱动,该矩形电流也被称为“摇摆的直流驱动”。这种矩形电流在100Hz到1kHz之间的范围中变动,并且尽管是准直流驱动仍然保证了使灯的电极承受均匀地负载。为了产生信号,目前通常使用全桥。因为这导致高昂的成本,近来过渡到使用半桥来产生信号,并且将灯嵌入四个耦合电容器构成的对称网络中。
背景技术
在DE 10 2004 017 479 A1中公开了这种镇流器。灯在此以低频的矩形信号驱动。为了点燃,这种驱动装置通常具有叠加点燃设备,使得将数千伏的高压调制到施加于灯上的电压上。目前仅仅在灯电压的正极性的象限或者仅仅在灯电压的负极性的象限中实现该调制。由此,目前始终仅仅将正的点燃脉冲或者仅仅将负的点燃脉冲施加到灯上。在此,点燃脉冲的电压相对于施加到灯上的空转电压(所谓的接收电压(Uebernahmespannung))始终保持不变。然而,现在存在如下灯:这些灯在始终被施加以相同极性的点燃脉冲时表现出不寻常的特性。于是,它们用作一种二极管,它们在用半桥和对称电容器激励时带来困难。电容器被不均匀地充电,这随后作用到灯的电压上,于是灯不再能工作。驱动装置在一定时间上尝试点燃灯。如果不成功,则驱动装置在开始新的尝试之前关断电压较长的时间。该时间是必要的,由此灯又进入如下状态中:该状态并不立刻又触发整流效应。对于用户而言,这是极为令人不快的,因为他必须长时间等待,直到其照明设备实际发光。
任务
因此,本发明的任务是改进用于点燃高压放电灯的方法,以便能够更快地起动灯。
发明内容
该任务通过根据权利要求1所述的方法来解决。高压放电灯的点燃通常在所谓的脉冲串(Burst)中完成。这些脉冲串通常为数秒长,并且在该时间中灯被施加以频率为数十至数千赫兹的点燃脉冲。目前,在这些脉冲串中始终产生相同极性的点燃脉冲。一些灯在多个这种点燃脉冲之后进入一种状态:在该状态中它们将施加在其上的灯电流整流。通过这种整流效应,耦合电容器得到不均匀的充电。这被驱动装置所注意,并且该驱动装置关断点燃电压和灯电压,因为这是中断标准。为了又使得耦合电容器中的电荷均匀并且将灯又置于在新的点燃脉冲情况下不再触发整流效应的状态中,较长的间歇是必需的。因此,提出在中断标准之后将间歇缩短,并且让接下来的脉冲串以相对于接收电压相位推移90°的点燃脉冲运行,或者一旦达到中断标准就切换点燃脉冲的相位,而在脉冲串内没有中断。这一方面的优点是,又将灯状态正常化,另一方面通过极性反转将耦合电容器更快地又置于均匀的充电状态中。
附图说明
图1示出了带有驱动装置和灯的设备。在驱动装置和灯之间测量灯电压UL
图2示出了根据现有技术的点燃过程的视图。
图3示出了借助正弦形灯电压的根据本发明第一实施形式的点燃过程的视图。
图4示出了借助矩形灯电压的根据本发明第一实施形式的点燃过程的视图。
图5示出了借助正弦形灯电压的根据本发明第二实施形式的点燃过程的视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了电子驱动装置(1),其带有连接于其上的灯(2)。UL表示施加在灯(2)上的灯电压。
在图2中针对现有技术中的方法关于时间绘出了该灯电压。在时刻t0,驱动装置开始点燃灯。在此,(在该情况中为正弦形的)灯电压被施加到灯上。该电压通常为几百伏,并且用于在灯电极之间的电击穿之后稳定气体放电。因此,该电压称为接收电压,因为它要保证灯在点燃之后接收所提供的功率。每隔一个正的最大值,点燃脉冲都被叠加以数千伏的电压。相对于接收电压,点燃脉冲具有相同的极性或者相反的极性。正弦振荡的频率通常在数千赫兹附近变动。因此,灯每秒被施加以非常多的点燃脉冲。如上面已经提及的那样,这会导致灯由于等离子体和电极的相互作用而具有整流特性。由此,耦合电容器承受不均匀的负载,使得在它们中存储的电荷同样变得越来越不均匀。在一定时间后这导致如下状态:该状态使得驱动装置在时刻t1中断点燃。随后,在驱动装置的运行中设计了较长间歇,直到时刻t2,该间歇是必需的,以便将耦合电容器中的电荷又变均匀并且将带有填充物和电极的灯冷却,使得它们又表现正常。
第一实施形式
正是在此开始本发明。图3示出了根据第一实施形式的根据本发明的方法。
在第一脉冲串中,两种方法并无不同。灯被施加以点燃脉冲,该点燃脉冲相对于接收电压具有相同的或者相反的极性。然而,在t1和t2之间的时间、即在中断标准3和第二脉冲串之间的时间在根据本发明的方法中更短。在第二脉冲串中,于是将具有相对于第一脉冲串相反的相位的点燃脉冲施加到灯上。这导致灯的等离子体不能形成为使得灯表现为整流器。
令人吃惊的是,表明根据本发明的、在第二脉冲串中将点燃脉冲的极性反转解决了现有技术中在点燃灯时的问题。通过该极性反转,在两个脉冲串上来看耦合电容器承受均匀的负载。此外,通过相对于接收电压不同的极性的点燃脉冲,防止了灯进入灯如整流器起作用的状态。由此,灯通常可以在第二脉冲串期间毫无问题地起动。
该方法当然不仅可以用在将较高频率的正弦电压施加到灯上的设备中,而且也可以用在使用矩形电压的驱动装置中,该矩形电压于是也可以是较低频率的。在图4中示出了这种设备的电压变化曲线。点燃电压脉冲在此设计在矩形中间。然而,它们也可以恰好叠加在矩形开始,或者叠加在末端或者任意其他位置。
第二实施形式
在特别难以处理的灯的情况下,会出现的是灯在第一脉冲串中已经表现出整流特性,并且由此在第一脉冲串中已经达到中断标准3。由此,第二实施形式是第一实施形式的进一步发展,其中中断标准3不再导致中断。在该实施形式中,一旦满足中断标准3,则在一个脉冲串内点燃脉冲的极性变化(图5)。极性的立即反转使得立即抵消整流效应,并且可以使灯又接近“正常状态”直到在时刻t2的脉冲串的末端。当然,该实施形式也可以应用于矩形电压或者任何其他的合适的交流电压。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法,其中在脉冲串的预定的时间中将接收电压施加到灯上,并且将该接收电压叠加点燃脉冲,使得点燃脉冲的电压和接收电压相加并且在两个脉冲串之间具有间歇,其特征在于,点燃脉冲从脉冲串到脉冲串地或者在脉冲串内地从接收电压的正半波切换为接收电压的负半波,并且反之亦然。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法,其特征在于,缩短两个脉冲串之间的间歇。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法,其特征在于,如果达到脉冲串中的中断标准,则将点燃脉冲从接收电压的正半波切换到接收电压的负半波,并且反之亦然,并且由此不中断脉冲串。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法,其特征在于,接收电压是频率为数千赫兹的正弦电压。
5.根据权利要求3所述的用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法,其特征在于,接收电压是频率为数千赫兹的正弦电压。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法,其特征在于,接收电压是百赫兹范围中的矩形波电压。
7.根据权利要求3所述的用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法,其特征在于,接收电压是百赫兹范围中的矩形波电压。
CN2007800529102A 2007-05-07 2007-05-07 用于点燃和起动高压放电灯的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN101669407B (zh)

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US8115403B2 (en) * 2009-08-18 2012-02-14 Osram Sylvania Inc. Method of starting an HID lamp and ballast incorporating same
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US5932976A (en) * 1997-01-14 1999-08-03 Matsushita Electric Works R&D Laboratory, Inc. Discharge lamp driving
EP0987928A1 (en) * 1998-09-15 2000-03-22 Quality Light Electronics S.A.S. Di Francesco Celso E C. Resonance igniter for discharge lamps
CN1462168A (zh) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-17 东芝照明技术株式会社 高压放电灯点灯装置及照明装置
CN1895006A (zh) * 2003-12-12 2007-01-10 松下电工株式会社 用于点亮高压放电灯的装置及具有该装置的照明器具
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CN101669407A (zh) 2010-03-10
KR20100005241A (ko) 2010-01-14
EP2153700B1 (de) 2011-04-06
JP2010526418A (ja) 2010-07-29
EP2153700A1 (de) 2010-02-17
ATE505059T1 (de) 2011-04-15
WO2008135089A1 (de) 2008-11-13
US20100141165A1 (en) 2010-06-10
DE502007006910D1 (de) 2011-05-19
US8450939B2 (en) 2013-05-28

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