CN101654948A - Ceramic antique bricks taking construction waste stone powder as raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic antique bricks taking construction waste stone powder as raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101654948A CN101654948A CN200910041279A CN200910041279A CN101654948A CN 101654948 A CN101654948 A CN 101654948A CN 200910041279 A CN200910041279 A CN 200910041279A CN 200910041279 A CN200910041279 A CN 200910041279A CN 101654948 A CN101654948 A CN 101654948A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/58—Construction or demolition [C&D] waste
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ceramic antique brick taking construction waste stone powder as a raw material and a manufacturing method thereof, which is characterized by utilizing construction waste stone powder to replace naturally exploited high-quality mountain power originally used in ceramic industry, the ceramic antique brick comprises the following mineral raw materials in percentage by weight: 18-22% of waste stone, 8-13% of stone powder, 25-30% of sand, 30-42% of alumina cement, 2-3% of talcum powder and 2-5% of waste materials. The ceramic antique bricks of the invention are used for decorating interiors and exteriors of buildings, has the functions of skid resistance, wear resistance, antifouling and self-cleaning property, antibiosis, antistatic property, light change and the like, does not generate secondary pollution on environment in production process, has low manufacture cost, convenient transported products and easy construction caused by the production process, and is anovel high-quality environment protecting and energy conserving construction material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to decorative materials technology, relate to a kind of ceramic antique bricks more specifically.
Background technology
World's development of real estate is rapid in recent years, make the production and consumption of world's ceramic tile all obtain bigger development, because hard paste porcelain brick product designs and varieties are many, quantity is big, quality good, the low-medium-high level product is complete, the choice is big and price is suitable, the hard paste porcelain brick product is favored in world many countries and area very much, and the proportion of Chinese ceramic tile in the international market enlarges day by day.But in human consumption's the exquisite goods, also produced a large amount of waste materials in output in the process of processing, failed full use in time owing to reaching other reasons technically, its waste material discharging reaches startling stage.In order to alleviate the source problem that comes of domestic a large amount of Production of Ceramics raw materials, successively have in China and to utilize iron tailings to prepare color blank glaze archaizing brick, utilize high volume industrial residue to make the ceramic antique bricks blank, the unglazed porcelain matter of production brick modelled after an antique etc. is arranged, but do not utilize construction waste stone powder (stone flour of discarding when building trade is used for making concrete) to replace the high-quality stone flour (as natural tread stone flour) of the natural recovery of the former usefulness of ceramic industry to make ceramic raw material and produce ceramic antique bricks, at present, the exploitation fragmentation of construction waste stone powder is that four kinds of specifications are arranged, comprise 1-2cm, 2-4cm, below the 3-5cm, 1cm, use and the building trade of preceding 3 kinds of specifications repaired the roads or made mixed earth, what 1CM was following passes into disuse, outward appearance yellow and canescence, powdery is more, and irony is many.General natural high-quality stone flour price is more than 80 yuan, and construction waste stone powder is below 40 yuan.Because construction waste stone powder is rich in irony, can stay stain at the brick face after burning till, influence attractive in appearance; It is few to contain aluminium, and calcic, silicon amount height split brick or distortion easily when burning till, and potassium, sodium content are few, cause the sintering degree poor; Burn till back intensity and can not reach requirement; A large amount of other impurity make the easy pin-holing of glaze after burning till.For this reason, how to make building debris become a kind of New Building Materials of high-quality environmental protection and energy saving, save the ceramic raw material natural resource of exhaustion day by day, solve the tradition difficult problem of useless contaminated environment admittedly, become the problem that people are worth discussion.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly that a kind of profile that provides for the deficiency that solves prior art is consistent with traditional brick modelled after an antique, has the ceramic antique bricks that utilizes taking construction waste stone powder as raw material of the characteristics of attractive in appearance, resistance to compression, anticorrosion, anti-cunning simultaneously.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method who utilizes the ceramic antique bricks of taking construction waste stone powder as raw material.
The present invention adopts following technical solution to realize above-mentioned purpose: a kind of ceramic antique bricks that utilizes taking construction waste stone powder as raw material, it is characterized in that, it is to utilize construction waste stone powder to replace the high-quality stone flour of the natural recovery of the former usefulness of ceramic industry, its raw mineral materials prescription comprises by weight percentage: discarded building stones 18～22%, stone flour 8～13%, sand 25～30%, high alumina mud 30～44%, French chalk 2～3%, waste material 2～5%.
As further specifying of such scheme, the chemical composition of described discarded building stones is calculated by weight percentage and is comprised SiO
275%～78%, Al
2O
312%～14%, Fe
2O
31%～2%, TiO
20.3%～0.4%, CaO 1%～1.5%, and MgO 0.2%～0.3%, K
2O 4%～4.5%, Na
2O0.07%～0.10%, IL 2.2%～2.5%.
A kind of preparation method who utilizes the ceramic antique bricks of taking construction waste stone powder as raw material is characterized in that it comprises the steps:
A, prepare burden by described prescription, and raw material is sent into ball milling pulping in the ball mill, remove iron and impurity in the slurry that is in the grinding stage by equipment for removing ferric ion and screen cloth then, it is stand-by to make powder after the spray-drying;
B, the raw material of a process manufacturing is shaped to ceramic body by the press apparatus embossing, adobe was gone into drying kiln for drying 20～30 minutes, and baking temperature is 170～190 ℃;
The glazing in addition on the glaze line as required of c, dried ceramic body is gone into and is burnt till in the roller kilns, 1125～1205 ℃ of maximum sintering temperatures, firing period 30～55 minutes;
D, the ceramic body after burning till are tested, sorting, packing are finished product.
In described processing step a process, slurry carries out deironing by 10000 Gausses' bar magnet, and is that cylinder reciprocating sieve more than 60 orders is removed thicker irony and other impurity by sieve number.
In described processing step a process, spray-drying process powder moisture is controlled at 6.5～7.0%, and powder grain composition scope is that 0～30 order accounts for 6-9%, 30 orders～40 orders account for 60～70%, 40 orders～60 orders account for 10-20%, and 60 orders～100 orders account for 4～6%, account for 7～9% more than 100 orders.
In the adobe compression moulding process of described processing step b, briquetting pressure is 220～240bar, and the compacting frequency is 15～15.5 times/minute, and compacting thickness is 8.5～8.7mm.
In the adobe sintering process of described processing step c, also need to adjust the sintering curve of kiln, and change the technology of chilling control, by increasing airduct at kiln chilling place and reducing air quantity,, chilling period is prolonged to prolong the chilling band, but temperature-resistant, slow down chilling speed; Slow cooling place drawer sluice gate is turned down, keep slow cooling place that malleation is arranged, 26 minutes slow cooling place temperature are raise.
The beneficial effect that the present invention adopts above-mentioned technical solution to reach is:
1, the present invention utilizes construction waste stone powder (stone flour of discarding when building trade is used for making concrete) to replace the high-quality stone flour of the natural recovery of the former usefulness of ceramic industry, by rational prescription collocation, produce brick modelled after an antique, make a large amount of waste recovery utilizations, economize in raw materials.
2, the brick modelled after an antique that adopts method of the present invention to produce, profile is consistent with traditional brick modelled after an antique, the characteristics that have attractive in appearance, resistance to compression, anticorrosion, anti-cunning simultaneously, and the kiln sintering curve that the present invention proposes is adjusted and the chilling control technology, it is had and the same technical performance of the common brick modelled after an antique of tradition, solved because of it has adopted low-quality raw materials, caused the unmanageable problem of sintering process.
3, reduced the technology cost, learnt according to practice, its cost has descended 2% every square metre than conventional ceramic brick average unit cost modelled after an antique, has really realized object of energy saving.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is existing adobe sintering curve schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is an adobe sintering curve schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 3, a kind of ceramic antique bricks that utilizes taking construction waste stone powder as raw material of the present invention, it is to utilize construction waste stone powder to replace the high-quality stone flour of the natural recovery of the former usefulness of ceramic industry, its raw mineral materials prescription preferred (by weight percentage): discarded building stones 20%, stone flour 10%, sand 29%, high alumina mud 35%, French chalk 2.5%, waste material 3.5%.Wherein the chemical composition of discarded building stones is calculated by weight percentage and is comprised SiO
278%, Al
2O
313.2%, Fe
2O
31.18%, TiO
20.35%, CaO 1.23%, and MgO 0.23%, and K2O 4.23%, and Na2O 0.09%, and IL 2.49%.
The key technical indexes is
1. the modulus of rupture: more than the 24.5Mpa;
2. water absorption rate: 6.0-9.0%;
3. fracture strength: more than the 850N;
4. stain resistance: 5 grades;
5. the chemical agent of anti-family the: GA level;
6. the salt of anti-swimming pool the: GA level;
7. thermal shock resistance: 140 ℃ to 10 interchange of heat glazes of water temperature flawless;
8. anti-glaze fragility: after 160 ℃ of temperature under the 500kpa pressure keep 2 hours, be chilled to room temperature glaze flawless or come off;
9. radioactive nucleus content: meet category-A finishing material internal radiation index IRa≤1, the requirement of external exposure index IRa≤1.3.
Utilize the preparation method of the ceramic antique bricks of taking construction waste stone powder as raw material, its processing step is as follows:
(1) prepare burden by described prescription, and raw material are sent into ball milling pulping in the ball mill, remove iron and impurity in the slurry that is in the grinding stage by equipment for removing ferric ion and screen cloth then, it is stand-by to make powder after the spray-drying;
Wherein, drying tower dusts, powder moisture: 6.5～7.0%;
The powder grain composition is:
| Granular size | On 30 orders | On 40 orders | On 60 orders | 100 now | ＞100 orders |
| Grading limit | ??6-9％ | ?60-70％ | ?10-20％ | ?4-6％ | ?7-9％ |
The drying tower granulation process that dusts will note controlling powder moisture and grating especially.With common brick modelled after an antique
(2) raw material with the manufacturing of a process is shaped to ceramic body by the press apparatus embossing, and adobe was gone into drying kiln for drying 20～30 minutes, and baking temperature is 170～190 ℃;
Wherein, moulding, drying, briquetting pressure: 230bar;
Compacting frequency: 15～15.5 times/minute;
Compacting thickness: 8.5～8.7mm;
Dry kiln length * wide: 78 * 2.2 meters;
Drying time: 25 minutes;
Baking temperature: 180 ℃;
(3) dried ceramic body glazing in addition on the glaze line is as required gone into and is burnt till in the roller kilns, 1125～1205 ℃ of maximum sintering temperatures, firing period 30～55 minutes; Fire back size: 298～300mm; Water absorption rate: E＜(6～9) % adjusts forward and backward sintering curve such as Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3 since construction waste stone powder to contain aluminium few, calcic, silicon height, split brick and distortion when burning till easily, it is few that potassium is received content, causes relatively poor a large amount of other impurity of sintering degree to make the easy pin-holing of glaze after burning till.In order to address these problems, under the immovable situation of firing time, we adopt adjusted firing temperature curve, and its principle is mainly as follows:
1. wherein 0～10 minute temperature reduces than before, and main effect is to avoid shrinking too fast when heating up too anxious adobe draining and the adobe uneven stress that produces that is heated causes cracking.
2. temperature reduces than before 5～14.5 minutes the time, and main effect is the time that prolongs impurity volatilization in the base substrate, makes it that the more complete of more time enough volatilization be arranged before glaze begins to seal, and has reduced the glaze pin hole. the generation of bubble.
3. 16.5～20.5 minutes the time, temperature raises than before, and main effect is to have improved firing temperature, makes adobe sintering degree reach requirement.
(4) ceramic body after burning till is tested, sorting, packing be finished product.
The present invention uses as ceramic raw material with construction waste stone powder, have bigger economic benefit and environmental benefit, on production technology, overcome the technological difficulties that many production ceramic antique bricks exist, be rich in irony as construction waste stone powder, can stay stain at the brick face after burning till, influence attractive in appearance; It is few to contain aluminium, and calcic, silicon amount height split brick or distortion easily when burning till, and potassium, sodium content are few, cause the sintering degree poor; Burn till back intensity and can not reach requirement; A large amount of other impurity make the easy pin-holing of glaze after burning till.At described shortcoming, its concrete measure comprises:
1. the research of construction waste stone powder;
The high-quality stone flour of the natural recovery of the former usefulness of ceramic industry (as natural tread stone flour) with the waste stone powder composition contrast that the present invention uses is:
| ??SiO 2 | ??Al 2O 3 | ??Fe 2O 3 | ??TiO 2 | ??CaO | ??MgO | ??K 2O | ??Na 2O | ??IL | |
| The tread stone flour | ??73.09 | ??17.08 | ??0.45 | ??0.33 | ??0.24 | ??0.13 | ??4.5 | ??2.47 | ??1.84 |
| Waste stone powder | ??77 | ??13.2 | ??1.18 | ??0.35 | ??1.23 | ??0.23 | ??4.23 | ??0.09 | ??2.49 |
| Original formulation | ??72.76 | ??17.11 | ??0.76 | ??0.25 | ??3.58 | ??0.14 | ??2.92 | ??1.31 | ??4.17 |
| Now fill a prescription | ??75 | ??14.42 | ??1.02 | ??0.25 | ??1.44 | ??0.19 | ??2.19 | ??0.76 | ??4.73 |
By the chemical composition of described construction waste stone powder as can be known, it belongs to the low aluminium type of high silicon high iron high calcium, splits brick and distortion when burning till easily, and it is few that potassium is received content, causes relatively poor a large amount of other impurity of sintering degree to make the easy pin-holing of glaze after burning till.The emphasis that we burn till mainly is the integrity degree of removing its impurity and guaranteeing finished product.
2. deironing design before burning till;
Slurry between ball grinding vehicle is strengthened deironing, increase equipment for removing ferric ion and screen cloth.
A, the replacing better bar magnet of magnetic force also increase bar magnet quantity.Original 8000 Gausses' bar magnet is replaced with 10000 Gausses, and on original basis, increases the bar magnet of 10% quantity, strengthened de-ferrous effect;
B, change the plane reciprocating sieve into the cylinder reciprocating sieve, and sieve number is increased to 60 orders from 40 orders, improved the effect of sieving, a lot of thicker irony and other impurity have been excluded by sieving.
The method is removed major part with irony and impurity in the slurry grinding stage, both makes and operates the simple possible that becomes, and has reduced the destabilizing factor during kiln burns till again, kills two birds with one stone.
3. Pei Fang adjustment;
The adjustment of prescription is divided into the adjustment of powder formulation and the adjustment of glaze formula again.
The adjustment of powder mainly is to adopt high alumina mud to replace low aluminium mud, improves aluminium content, strengthens the content of talcum simultaneously; The adjustment of glaze formula, the time that beginning fusing point and blank impurity is volatilized is consistent, reaches when burning till the impurity effect completely of volatilizing.Both solve finished product conjugation problem after this prescription is adjusted, solved the pin hole problem again.
4. the adjustment of firing process;
Because the raw material that this product adopts is a construction waste stone powder, impurities is more, and effective elements content is not enough, can not fire as traditional brick modelled after an antique.We constantly attempt according to the characteristics of batching, adjust the sintering curve of kiln, and change the technology of chilling control, have increased airduct at the chilling place and have strengthened the air quantity cooling.Upper and lowerly during quench operation before adjusting respectively open four airducts and advance the cold wind cooling, open 7 airducts above adjusting the back kiln, open 6 airducts below, and reduce air quantity, its effect mainly is to prolong the chilling band, and chilling period is prolonged, but temperature-resistant, has slowed down chilling speed.Slow cooling place drawer sluice gate is closed point, keep a little malleation of slow cooling place, 26 minutes slow cooling place temperature are raise.Solution is because of the few and easy crisp brick of powder silicon high alumina, intensity difference, the problem of splitting easily.
Through great efforts, above-mentioned technical barrier is resolved, and in this process, further corrected parameter is strengthened management again in big production, strengthens monitoring, homogenizing, the management of waste residue, accomplish to stablize the waste residue composition, guarantee to produce and stablize, thereby guarantee that product has higher qualification rate.
Above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that.Still can make amendment or the part technical characterictic is equal to replacement the specific embodiment of invention; And not breaking away from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of ceramic antique bricks that utilizes taking construction waste stone powder as raw material, it is characterized in that, it is to utilize construction waste stone powder to replace the high-quality stone flour of the natural recovery of the former usefulness of ceramic industry, its raw mineral materials prescription comprises by weight percentage: discarded building stones 18～22%, stone flour 8～13%, sand 25～30%, high alumina mud 30～42%, French chalk 2～3%, waste material 2～5%.
2, the ceramic antique bricks that utilizes taking construction waste stone powder as raw material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the chemical composition of described discarded building stones is calculated by weight percentage and is comprised SiO
275%～78%, Al
2O
312%～14%, Fe
2O
31%～2%, TiO
20.3%～0.4%, CaO1%～1.5%, MgO 0.2%～0.3%, K
2O 4%～4.5%, Na
2O 0.07%～0.10%, IL2.2%～2.5%.
3, a kind of claim 1 or the 2 described preparation methods that utilize the ceramic antique bricks of taking construction waste stone powder as raw material, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
A, prepare burden by described prescription, and raw material is sent into ball milling pulping in the ball mill, remove iron and impurity in the slurry that is in the grinding stage by equipment for removing ferric ion and screen cloth then, it is stand-by to make powder after the spray-drying;
B, the raw material of a process manufacturing is shaped to ceramic body by the press apparatus embossing, adobe was gone into drying kiln for drying 20～30 minutes, and baking temperature is 170～190 ℃;
The glazing in addition on the glaze line as required of c, dried ceramic body is gone into and is burnt till in the roller kilns, 1203～1210 ℃ of maximum sintering temperatures, firing period 25～30 minutes;
D, the ceramic body after burning till are tested, sorting, packing are finished product.
4, the ceramic antique bricks that utilizes taking construction waste stone powder as raw material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in described processing step a process, slurry carries out deironing by 10000 Gausses' bar magnet, and is that cylinder reciprocating sieve more than 60 orders is removed thicker irony and other impurity by sieve number.
5, the ceramic antique bricks that utilizes taking construction waste stone powder as raw material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in described processing step a process, spray-drying process powder moisture is controlled at 6.5～7.0%, powder grain composition scope is that 0～30 order accounts for 6-9%, 30 orders～40 orders account for 60～70%, 40 orders～60 orders account for 10-20%, and 60 orders～100 orders account for 4～6%, account for 7～9% more than 100 orders.
6, the ceramic antique bricks that utilizes taking construction waste stone powder as raw material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in the adobe compression moulding process of described processing step b, briquetting pressure is 220～240bar, and the compacting frequency is 15～15.5 times/minute, and compacting thickness is 8.5～8.7mm.
7, the ceramic antique bricks that utilizes taking construction waste stone powder as raw material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in the adobe sintering process of described processing step c, also need to adjust the sintering curve of kiln, and the technology of change chilling control, by increasing airduct at kiln chilling place and reducing air quantity,, chilling period is prolonged to prolong the chilling band, but temperature-resistant, slow down chilling speed; Slow cooling place drawer sluice gate is turned down, keep slow cooling place that malleation is arranged, 26 minutes slow cooling place temperature are raise.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910041279A CN101654948A (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2009-07-21 | Ceramic antique bricks taking construction waste stone powder as raw material and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102877614A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2013-01-16 | 佛山市溶洲建筑陶瓷二厂有限公司 | Heat insulating and preserving ceramic composite plate with decorative properties |
| CN103073263A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2013-05-01 | 况学成 | Method for manufacturing ceramic antique brick by using various solid wastes |
| CN105541344A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-05-04 | 南安协进建材有限公司 | Ceramic tile preparation method |
-
2009
- 2009-07-21 CN CN200910041279A patent/CN101654948A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103073263A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2013-05-01 | 况学成 | Method for manufacturing ceramic antique brick by using various solid wastes |
| CN102877614A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2013-01-16 | 佛山市溶洲建筑陶瓷二厂有限公司 | Heat insulating and preserving ceramic composite plate with decorative properties |
| CN102877614B (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-04-22 | 佛山市溶洲建筑陶瓷二厂有限公司 | Production method of heat insulating and preserving ceramic composite plate with decorative properties |
| CN105541344A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-05-04 | 南安协进建材有限公司 | Ceramic tile preparation method |
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Application publication date: 20100224 |