CN106746667B - Energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106746667B CN106746667B CN201611127335.5A CN201611127335A CN106746667B CN 106746667 B CN106746667 B CN 106746667B CN 201611127335 A CN201611127335 A CN 201611127335A CN 106746667 B CN106746667 B CN 106746667B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
- C03C8/20—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing titanium compounds; containing zirconium compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of glass powder and 50-80 parts of chemical raw materials; mixing the above two, adding water, and grinding into powder of 200-400 meshes, wherein the chemical raw materials are weighedThe weight portion ratio calculation comprises the following components: 9-18 parts of NaOH, (Al), (OH)311-16 parts of K2CO312-16 parts of MgO, 5-6 parts of TiO20.5-1 part of CaCO39-18 parts of Ba (OH)23-5 parts. The non-fired transparent glaze material not only greatly reduces the energy and resource consumption compared with the prior art, but also ensures that the fired transparency, pinholes, jumping glaze and glazed orange peel of the obtained product all meet the national product quality requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of formula glaze, in particular to an energy-saving transparent glaze product which can be used without firing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Enamel is a thin layer of vitreous material that is coated onto a ceramic article. The glaze material in the market is fritted glaze at present, and the traditional fritted glaze preparation process is that the fritted glaze is firstly fired, the generated fritted glaze is mixed with plastic clay for fine grinding, namely: crushing raw materials, mixing, heating and melting, quenching, adding materials, ball milling and glaze. The production process has multiple steps, a large amount of heat energy is consumed in the process of preparing the clinker, the heat energy in the north is mainly generated by burning coal, a large amount of coal is consumed, and dust and carbon dioxide generated by burning the coal can seriously pollute the environment.
The traditional process for preparing the raw materials into the clinker at high temperature mainly comprises the following reasons: 1) if a lot of raw materials for the glaze are not prepared into the fritted glaze, the expansion coefficient of the glaze and the occurrence of pinholes and the like can be influenced due to large loss on ignition during sintering; 2) some raw materials are dissolved in water or have alkalinity, and if the raw materials are not made into frits, the performance of glaze slip can be influenced, such as borax, zinc oxide and the like; 3) some raw materials contain carbonate and the like, and carbon dioxide and the like can be discharged in advance during the frit firing process, so that the flatness of the glaze surface is not influenced, such as potassium carbonate, borax and the like; 4) after the frit is prepared, the grinding time and the fineness are easy to control, and the performance of the glaze slip is easier to control. The glaze produced in China at present is fritted glaze prepared by adopting the traditional process, the process is mature, and various glazes can be produced, including transparent fritted glaze, lead-containing fritted glaze, lead-free fritted glaze and the like. However, the conventional production process has many disadvantages, such as many process steps, and a large amount of heat energy is consumed in the process of preparing the clinker, which requires a large amount of fuel to be consumed, especially in the north, the heat energy is mainly generated by burning coal, which not only requires a large amount of coal to be consumed, but also causes dust and carbon dioxide generated by burning coal to seriously pollute the environment.
With the increasing tension of traditional energy, the nation advocates the energy conservation and consumption reduction of industrial production, and the change of the traditional production process of glaze becomes the main technical guideline for saving energy, reducing cost and improving production efficiency of ceramic industry. The firing of ceramic glaze occupies a great proportion in the whole energy consumption of ceramic production. To change this situation, there are two major categories of approaches currently being taken: 1) the firing temperature of the porcelain glaze is reduced, the common methods are to adjust the formula of the porcelain glaze, increase the types of the flux, select a novel low-temperature fast-firing raw material and adopt nano powder as the raw material, and the methods reduce the firing temperature to a certain extent but cannot fundamentally solve the problem; 2) the development of the baking-free glaze is currently in a laboratory research stage, and two problems are encountered in the research process: firstly, selection of raw materials of baking-free glaze materials, so far, raw materials suitable for industrial production cannot be successfully selected; secondly, the granularity is controlled, the granularity is too large to meet the quality requirement of the product, the granularity is too small, and a large amount of mechanical energy is consumed. With the increasing tension of traditional energy, the national 'twelve and five' program advocates the energy saving and consumption reduction of industrial production, and the change of the glaze production process becomes the main technical guideline of saving energy, reducing cost and improving production efficiency of the ceramic industry.
The main research content of the research is that the recycled waste glass is used as a main raw material, chemical raw materials are added into the waste glass, the usage amount of each material is accurately adjusted, the grinding granularity of the materials is controlled, the materials are not heated to melt, and the mixed materials are directly ground into the baking-free transparent glaze; and performing ball milling, glaze pouring and trial firing on the prepared glaze, and screening out the optimal glaze formula according to firing results. Compared with the traditional process, the process has the advantages of simple process, low cost, energy conservation, emission reduction and the like, recycles the waste glass, accords with the development direction of 'comprehensive utilization of solid waste' proposed in 'twelve five energy-saving and environment-friendly industry development planning', and has higher economic benefit and social benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art and provides an energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
An energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of glass powder and 50-80 parts of chemical raw materials; mixing the two, adding water, and grinding into powder of 200-400 meshes.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of glass powder and 65 parts of chemical raw materials; mixing the two, adding water, and grinding into 320 mesh powder.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the chemical raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 9-18 parts of NaOH, (Al), (OH)311-16 parts of K2CO312-16 parts of MgO, 5-6 parts of TiO20.5-1 part of CaCO39-18 parts of Ba (OH)23-5 parts.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the chemical raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: NaOH 15 parts, Al (OH)312 portions and K2CO313 portions of MgO, 6 portions of TiO20.5 part of CaCO315 parts of Ba (OH)23.5 parts.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the glass powder is prepared by purifying, crushing and grinding recycled waste glass.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the waste glass is common plate glass.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the waste glass is high borosilicate glass.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the waste glass is a composition of common plate glass and high borosilicate glass, wherein the weight part ratio of the common plate glass to the high borosilicate glass is 2: 1.
The preparation method of the energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the steps of preparing glass powder by purifying, crushing and grinding recycled waste glass, wherein the waste glass is a composition of common plate glass and high borosilicate glass, and the weight part ratio of the common plate glass to the high borosilicate glass is 2:1 for later use;
B. weighing chemical raw materials in proportion, wherein the chemical raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 9-18 parts of NaOH, (Al), (OH)311-16 parts of K2CO312-16 parts of MgO, 5-6 parts of TiO20.5-1 part of CaCO39-18 parts of Ba (OH)23-5 parts; standby;
C. and C, fully and uniformly mixing 120 parts by weight of the glass powder obtained in the step A and 50-60 parts by weight of the chemical raw material obtained in the step B by adding 50-60 parts by weight of water, ball-milling, grinding, sieving, and controlling the particle size of the product to be 200-400 meshes.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
on the technical index, the sintering experiment verifies that the transparency, pinholes, jumping glaze and glazed orange peel of the glaze surface of the fired wall tile meet the national product quality requirements.
In the aspect of economic indexes, the invention takes the recycled waste glass as the main raw material, and directly prepares the glaze by crushing without heating and melting, thereby not only saving the raw material cost, but also saving the fuel cost, and the production cost of the new process is 50-60 percent of that of the traditional process.
On the social benefit index, the glaze disclosed by the invention can obviously reduce energy consumption, does not discharge dust and carbon dioxide, saves energy, reduces emission, and improves the labor environment of workers and the living environment of surrounding residents; the dependence on traditional natural raw materials is eliminated, the technical content of the product is increased, the cost is reduced, the production and income are increased, the financial income is increased, and the local employment rate can be improved.
On the achievement index, the production process for preparing the glaze by the non-firing method by taking the recycled waste glass as the main raw material reaches the domestic leading level.
In conclusion, the waste glass is recycled to replace frits, chemical raw materials are added into the frits, the use amount of each material is accurately adjusted, and the mixed materials can be directly ground into glaze without heating and melting.
Detailed Description
The following examples illustrate the invention in detail. The raw materials and various devices used in the invention are conventional commercially available products, and can be directly obtained by market purchase.
Example 1
An energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of glass powder, 65 parts of chemical raw materials and 55 parts of water; after mixing, the mixture was ground into 320 mesh powder by a ball mill.
The glass powder is prepared by purifying, crushing and grinding recycled waste glass, the waste glass is a composition of common plate glass and high borosilicate glass, and the weight part ratio of the common plate glass to the high borosilicate glass is 2: 1.
The chemical raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: NaOH 15 parts, Al (OH)312 portions and K2CO313 portions of MgO, 6 portions of TiO20.5 part of CaCO315 parts of Ba (OH)23.5 parts.
Example 2
The preparation method of the energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the steps of preparing glass powder by purifying, crushing and grinding recycled waste glass, wherein the waste glass is a composition of common plate glass and high borosilicate glass, and the weight part ratio of the common plate glass to the high borosilicate glass is 2:1 for later use;
B. weighing chemical raw materials in proportion, wherein the chemical raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: NaOH 15 parts, Al (OH)312 portions and K2CO313 portions of MgO, 6 portions of TiO20.5 part of CaCO315 parts of Ba (OH)23.5 parts; standby;
C. and C, fully and uniformly mixing 100 parts by weight of the glass powder obtained in the step A and 65 parts by weight of the chemical raw material obtained in the step B with 55 parts by weight of water, grinding, sieving, and controlling the granularity of the product to be 320 meshes to obtain the glass powder.
Example 3
In the technical scheme of the invention, the two key technical indexes of material selection and glaze granularity are shown by electric furnace trial firing and further ball-milling glaze pouring trial firing, have decisive significance for the melting state of the glaze and the combination degree of the glaze and the blank, and especially the selection and the proportion of the materials can also have important influence on the technical indexes of transparency, pinholes, jumping glaze, glaze orange peel and the like of the fired glaze, so the material proportion and the granularity selection of the invention are the important basis of the core technical scheme and the beneficial effects of the invention. The relevant comparative experiments and data are shown below.
TABLE 1 Properties of glazes of different formulations
| Glass powder | NaOH | Al(OH)3 | K2CO3 | MgO | TiO2 | CaCO3 | Ba(OH)2 | MnO2 | Fe3O4 | Firing Effect |
| 100 | 9 | 16 | 12 | 5 | 1 | 9 | 5 | 3 | 5 | Good glossiness, poor transparency, slightly poor flatness, no crystallization, no bubbles and no needle Holes, cracks, orange glaze |
| 100 | 9.5 | 13 | 12.5 | 5 | 0.9 | 11 | 4.5 | 2.5 | 5 | Good glossiness, poor transparency, good flatness, no crystallization, bubbles and pinholes Cracks and orange glaze |
| 100 | 12 | 12 | 13.5 | 5.5 | 0.8 | 13 | 4 | 2 | 2 | Good glossiness, poor transparency, poor flatness, crystallization, bubbles, Pinhole phenomenon, orange glaze and cracking |
| 100 | 18 | 11 | 15 | 5.5 | 0.7 | 15 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 2 | Slightly poor glossiness, slightly poor transparency, good flatness, crystallization, bubbles, Pinhole phenomenon, orange glaze and cracking |
| 100 | 13.5 | 11.5 | 16 | 6 | 0.6 | 18 | 3 | 1 | 0 | Slightly poor glossiness, high transparency, slightly poor flatness, no crystallization, no bubbles, Pinhole, orange glaze, cracking, etc |
| 100 | 15 | 12 | 13 | 6 | 0.5 | 15 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 | Good glossiness, high transparency, good flatness, no crystallization, no bubbles, and no needle Holes, orange glaze, cracks, etc. (preferred formulation of example 1) |
Meanwhile, the selection of the particle size is also an important item, and referring to the test result shown in table 2, when the particle size reaches about 320 meshes, the performance of the product is not significantly improved by continuously increasing the mesh number, but the energy consumption is significantly increased.
TABLE 2 Properties of glazes of different particle sizes
| Particle size of powder | 200 mesh | 320 mesh | 400 mesh |
| Firing Effect | Slightly poor dispersibility, slightly poor fusibility and slightly poor bonding with the green body | Good dispersibility, good fusibility and good combination with the blank | Good dispersibility, good fusibility, good combination with the blank body and large energy consumption |
In addition, the selection of the glass powder also has substantial influence on the product performance, and as shown in table 3, the glass powder mixture ratio of 2 parts by weight of the flat plate and 1 part by weight of the high borosilicate glass is selected, so that the effect better than that of the pure high borosilicate glass is achieved.
TABLE 3 Effect of glass frit composition on product Properties
| Component (A) | Sheet glass | High borosilicate silica glass | Plate/borosilicate (2:1) |
| Firing Effect | Poor melting property, weak bonding with a blank body and glossiness Poor transparency, moderate transparency, good hardness and easy cracking | Good melting property, firm combination with the blank, no cracking and glossiness Good transparency, poor hardness and high cost | Good melting property, firm combination with a green body,no crack, good glossiness and transparency High brightness, good hardness, moderate cost, and reduced energy consumption |
In conclusion, the non-fired transparent glaze material researched and developed by the invention not only greatly reduces the energy and resource consumption compared with the original process, but also ensures that the fired transparency, pinholes, jumping glaze and glazed orange peel of the obtained product all meet the national product quality requirements.
The above description is only presented as an enabling solution for the present invention and should not be taken as a sole limitation on the solution itself.
Claims (7)
1. An energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze is characterized in that: the glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of glass powder and 50-80 parts of chemical raw materials; mixing the two, adding water, and grinding into powder of 200-400 meshes;
the chemical raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 9-18 parts of NaOH, (Al), (OH)311-16 parts of K2CO312-16 parts of MgO, 5-6 parts of TiO20.5-1 part of CaCO39-18 parts of Ba (OH)23-5 parts.
2. The energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the chemical raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: NaOH 15 parts, Al (OH)312 portions and K2CO313 portions of MgO, 6 portions of TiO20.5 part of CaCO315 parts of Ba (OH)23.5 parts.
3. The energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the glass powder is prepared by purifying, crushing and grinding recycled waste glass.
4. The energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze material as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the waste glass is common plate glass.
5. The energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze material as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the waste glass is high borosilicate glass.
6. The energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze material as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the waste glass is a composition of common plate glass and high borosilicate glass, wherein the weight part ratio of the common plate glass to the high borosilicate glass is 2: 1.
7. The preparation method of the energy-saving baking-free transparent glaze material as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the steps of preparing glass powder by purifying, crushing and grinding recycled waste glass, wherein the waste glass is a composition of common plate glass and high borosilicate glass, and the weight part ratio of the common plate glass to the high borosilicate glass is 2:1 for later use;
B. weighing chemical raw materials in proportion, wherein the chemical raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 9-18 parts of NaOH, (Al), (OH)311-16 parts of K2CO312-16 parts of MgO, 5-6 parts of TiO20.5-1 part of CaCO39-18 parts of Ba (OH)23-5 parts; standby;
C. and C, fully and uniformly mixing 120 parts by weight of the glass powder obtained in the step A and 50-60 parts by weight of the chemical raw material obtained in the step B by adding 50-60 parts by weight of water, ball-milling, grinding, sieving, and controlling the particle size of the product to be 200-400 meshes.
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| CN109399934A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-01 | 广东欧文莱陶瓷有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of on-slip glaze and preparation method thereof and on-slip glazed brick |
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| CN102173874A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2011-09-07 | 大埔县桃源陶瓷工艺厂 | Ceramic glaze for generating natural weathering and erosion on surface of ceramic product |
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