CN101654745A - Preparation method of Al-5 percent Cu base alloy with low heat cracking tendency - Google Patents
Preparation method of Al-5 percent Cu base alloy with low heat cracking tendency Download PDFInfo
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- CN101654745A CN101654745A CN200910307619A CN200910307619A CN101654745A CN 101654745 A CN101654745 A CN 101654745A CN 200910307619 A CN200910307619 A CN 200910307619A CN 200910307619 A CN200910307619 A CN 200910307619A CN 101654745 A CN101654745 A CN 101654745A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of an Al-5 percent Cu base alloy, in particular to a preparation method of an Al-5 percent Cu base alloy with low heat cracking tendency, solving the problems of wide crystallization temperature range and high heat cracking tendency of an Al-5 percent Cu base alloy prepared by the prior method. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1)weighting the following raw materials: aluminum, an aluminum-copper master alloy, an aluminum-manganese master alloy, an aluminum-zirconium master alloy, an aluminum-vanadium master alloy, an aluminum-titanium-boron master alloy, cadmium and an aluminum-yttrium master alloy; (2) cleaning the surfaces of the raw materials and melting and casting the raw materials to obtain a chilled ingot; and (3)mixing, melting and casting the chilled ingot and the raw materials in the step (1) to obtain the Al-5 percent Cu base alloy. The Al-5 percent Cu base alloy achieves the tensile strength of 450-500N and the heat cracking resistance value of 670N which is higher than the heat cracking resistance value of the prior Al-5 percent Cu base alloy by 103 percent, thereby being more safely applied to the aerospace industry, the weapon industry and the nuclear industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method.
Background technology
What Al-Cu was an alloy as aluminum alloy materials is a kind of, have very high room temperature and mechanical behavior under high temperature, especially the collocation wide ranges of intensity and unit elongation index, performance potential is big, and heat treatment reinforcement obviously is widely used in the industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinery.Al-5%Cu base alloy (ZL205 alloy) is the high strength cast aluminum alloys that China develops voluntarily in the Al-Cu system, be one of higher cast aluminium alloy of intensity during present world industry is produced, thereby it has represented application prospects gradually in Aeronautics and Astronautics, nuclear industry, weapon industry.
In recent years, also more and more higher to the requirement of high-toughness casting aluminum alloy along with the development of aerospace cause, this just requires it to reduce ratio of defects to greatest extent satisfying on the basis of mechanical property, and hot cracking tendency especially is to satisfy its requirement.Yet the Al-5%Cu that prior preparation method obtains base alloy can not keep the high strength of alloy when reducing hot cracking tendency.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to solve the Al-5%Cu base alloy crystallization range that existing method obtains widely, the problem that hot cracking tendency is high the invention provides a kind of low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method.
Low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu of the present invention base alloy preparation method is to realize by following steps: one, take by weighing following raw material by mass percentage: 66.15%～82.45% aluminium, 10% aluminum bronze master alloy, 2%～5% aluminium manganese master alloy, 1.25%～5% aluminium zirconium hardener, 1.25%～7.5% aluminium vanadium master alloy, 2%～5% Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, 0.15%～0.25% cadmium and 0.9%～1.1% aluminium yttrium master alloy; Two, the raw material in the step 1 is carried out surface cleaning, mix in the plumbago crucible of packing into after the seasoning again, then plumbago crucible is placed and be heated under 700～750 ℃ the condition after raw material melts fully, feed argon gas 20～40min again, then melt is poured in the mould, get Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot; Three, take by weighing the Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot that 15%～25% step 2 obtains by mass percentage, 50%～60% aluminium, 7%～8% aluminum bronze master alloy, 1.5%～3.5% aluminium manganese master alloy, 3%～4% aluminium zirconium hardener, 5%～6% aluminium vanadium master alloy, 2%～4% Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, 0.1%～0.2% cadmium and 0.75%～0.85% aluminium yttrium master alloy, mix in the plumbago crucible of packing into then, again plumbago crucible is placed and be heated under 700～750 ℃ the condition after raw material melts fully, feed argon gas 20～40min again, pour into plate then, obtain low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy.
Among the present invention the adding refinement of Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot and rare earth element yttrium (Y) Al-5%Cu base (ZL205A) alloy structure, the adding of Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot makes alloy melt heterogeneous forming core particle in process of setting increase, the adding of rare earth element yttrium has simultaneously suppressed growing up of crystal grain, under both actings in conjunction, make the refinement of Al-5%Cu base alloy structure, dwindled the crystallization temperature range, the Al-5%Cu base alloy densification that obtains, the hot cracking tendency in castingprocesses reduces.In addition, has stronger interaction between yttrium, aluminium, copper, the vanadium metal element, form compound, and this compound is separated out along crystal boundary, solidify the secondary dendrite arm spacing that stoped the grain growing refinement in early stage at alloy melt, thereby refinement alloy structure, and metamorphism has been played at crystal boundary place second mutually, make alloy structure become more tiny, fine and close, make the crystallizing range of alloy reduce, reduced the hot cracking tendency of Al-5%Cu base alloy in castingprocesses, the intensity that while tensile strength of alloys mechanical property still keeps prior art to reach.
The maximum hot tearing drag value of the low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy that the present invention prepares is 670N, with existing with system Al-5%Cu base alloy phase ratio, the hot tearing drag has increased by 103%, the hot tearing drag has increased the mechanical property of Al-5%Cu base alloy, makes Al-5%Cu base alloy hot cracking tendency obviously improve.Simultaneously, the tensile strength of the low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy that the present invention obtains reaches 450～500N, when keeping existing Al-5%Cu base alloy and intensity, has realized the remarkable reduction of hot cracking tendency defective.
Low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy of the present invention can better, more safely be on active service in Aeronautics and Astronautics, nuclear industry, weapon industry.
Preparation method's technology of the present invention is simple, and easy handling does not contain precious metal element in the raw material, and production cost is low.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the alloy structure crystallite size shape appearance figure of the low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy that obtains of embodiment 12; Fig. 2 is the alloy structure crystallite size shape appearance figure for preparing the Al-5%Cu base alloy that adds 0.1% rare earth yttrium in the embodiment 12 as a comparison; Fig. 3 is the alloy structure crystallite size shape appearance figure of the Al-5%Cu base alloy that obtains of existing method; Fig. 4 is the cooling chart of the low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy that obtains of embodiment 12.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is not limited to following cited embodiment, also comprises the arbitrary combination between each embodiment.
Embodiment one: low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method is to realize by following steps in the present embodiment: one, take by weighing following raw material by mass percentage: 66.15%～82.45% aluminium, 10% aluminum bronze master alloy, 2%～5% aluminium manganese master alloy, 1.25%～5% aluminium zirconium hardener, 1.25%～7.5% aluminium vanadium master alloy, 2%～5% Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, 0.15%～0.25% cadmium and 0.9%～1.1% aluminium yttrium master alloy; Two, the raw material in the step 1 is carried out surface cleaning, mix in the plumbago crucible of packing into after the seasoning again, then plumbago crucible is placed and be heated under 700～750 ℃ the condition after raw material melts fully, feed argon gas 20～40min again, then melt is poured in the ingot metal mould, get Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot; Three, take by weighing the Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot that 15%～25% step 2 obtains by mass percentage, 50%～60% aluminium, 7%～8% aluminum bronze master alloy, 1.5%～3.5% aluminium manganese master alloy, 3%～4% aluminium zirconium hardener, 5%～6% aluminium vanadium master alloy, 2%～4% Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, 0.1%～0.2% cadmium and 0.75%～0.85% aluminium yttrium master alloy, mix in the plumbago crucible of packing into then, again plumbago crucible is placed and be heated under 700～750 ℃ the condition after raw material melts fully, feed argon gas 20～40min again, pour into plate then, obtain low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy.
The alloy structure crystal grain of the Al-5%Cu base alloy that present embodiment obtains is little, and the alloy crystallizing range reduces, and ardent drag value can reach 670N, shows good low heat cracking tendency in castingprocesses, and its tensile strength still remains on 450～500N.
Preparation method's technology of present embodiment is simple, and easy handling does not contain precious metal element in the raw material, and production cost is low.
Embodiment two: what present embodiment and embodiment one were different is to take by weighing following raw material in the step 1 by mass percentage: 70%～75% aluminium, 10% aluminum bronze master alloy, 2.5%～4% aluminium manganese master alloy, 3%～4.5% aluminium zirconium hardener, 5%～7% aluminium vanadium master alloy, 2.5%～4% Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, 0.2% cadmium and 1% aluminium yttrium master alloy.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment is different with embodiment one or two is that to adopt mass concentration in the step 2 be that 10% sodium hydroxide solution cleans the raw material in the step 1.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: present embodiment and embodiment one, two or three are different is in the step 2 plumbago crucible to be placed to be heated to raw material under 710～730 ℃ the condition and to melt fully.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one, two or three.
Embodiment five: present embodiment and embodiment one, two or three are different is in the step 2 plumbago crucible to be placed to be heated to raw material under 720 ℃ the condition and to melt fully.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one, two or three.
Embodiment six: what present embodiment and embodiment one to five were different is to feed argon gas 30min in the step 2.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to five.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment and embodiment one to six are different is in the step 3 plumbago crucible to be placed to be heated to raw material under 710～730 ℃ the condition and to melt fully.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment and embodiment one to six are different is in the step 3 plumbago crucible to be placed to be heated to raw material under 720 ℃ the condition and to melt fully.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to six.
Embodiment nine: what present embodiment and embodiment one to eight were different is to feed argon gas 30min in the step 3.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to eight.
Embodiment ten: present embodiment and embodiment one to nine are different is that the quality purity of the aluminium described in step 1 and the step 3 is 99.99%, cupric 50% (quality) in the aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy contains manganese 10% (quality), aluminium zirconium hardener contains zirconium 4% (quality), aluminium vanadium master alloy contains vanadium 4% (quality), Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy titaniferous 5% (quality), boracic 1% (quality), it is 10% (quality) that aluminium yttrium master alloy contains yttrium, and the quality purity of cadmium is 99.999%.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to nine.
The preparation method of the aluminum bronze master alloy of present embodiment is: is 1: 1 ratio with fine aluminium and fine copper according to mass ratio, places making in the resistance furnace melting under 760 ℃.
The aluminium of present embodiment is produced by Xinjiang Zhonghe Co. Ltd., aluminium zirconium hardener and aluminium manganese master alloy are developed by the Beijing Research Inst. of Aeronautic Material, aluminium vanadium master alloy is produced by the DongFang High ﹠ New Metal Materials Co., Ltd., Donggang City, Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy is to sell company limited by the light aluminium in east, Harbin City to provide, cadmium is provided by Harbin dragon Wei rare metal company limited, and aluminium yttrium master alloy is to be provided by Hunan Research Institute of Rare Earth Metal Materials.
Embodiment 11: present embodiment and embodiment one to ten are different is that the quality purity of the argon gas described in step 2 and the step 3 is 99.99%.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment one to ten.
Embodiment 12: the Al-5%Cu of low heat cracking tendency base alloy preparation method is to realize by following steps in the present embodiment: one, take by weighing following raw material by mass percentage: 72.3% aluminium, 10% aluminum bronze master alloy, 3% aluminium manganese master alloy, 4% aluminium zirconium hardener, 6.5% aluminium vanadium master alloy, 3% Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, 0.2% cadmium and 1% aluminium yttrium master alloy; Two, the raw material in the step 1 being adopted mass concentration is that 10% sodium hydroxide solution cleans, mix in the plumbago crucible of packing into after the seasoning again, then plumbago crucible is placed and be heated under 720 ℃ the condition after raw material melts fully, feed argon gas 30min again, then melt is poured in the ingot metal mould, get Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot; Three, take by weighing the Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot that 15% step 2 obtains by mass percentage, 61.54% aluminium, 8% aluminum bronze master alloy, 2.55% aluminium manganese master alloy, 3.4% aluminium zirconium hardener, 5.525% aluminium vanadium master alloy, 2.55% Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, 0.17% cadmium and 0.765% aluminium yttrium master alloy, mix in the plumbago crucible of packing into then, again plumbago crucible is placed and be heated under 720 ℃ the condition after raw material melts fully, feed argon gas 30min again, pour into plate then, obtain the Al-5%Cu base alloy of low heat cracking tendency.
Present embodiment will obtain Al-5%Cu base alloy and adopt metaloscope to carry out the alloy structure morphology observation, amplify 50 times the alloy structure pattern as shown in Figure 1.As a comparison, present embodiment adopts the raw material described in the step 1, after raw material surface cleaning, drying, mix in the plumbago crucible of packing into, then plumbago crucible is placed and be heated under 720 ℃ the condition after raw material melts fully, feed argon gas 30min again, pour into plate then, obtain adding the Al-5%Cu base alloy of 0.1% rare earth yttrium.Adopt metaloscope that it is carried out the alloy structure morphology observation then, amplify 50 times the alloy structure pattern as shown in Figure 2.The Al-5%Cu base alloy that present embodiment will utilize existing method to obtain also adopts metaloscope that it is carried out the alloy structure morphology observation, amplify 50 times the alloy structure pattern as shown in Figure 3.
Comparison diagram 2 and Fig. 3 utilize the preparation method of present embodiment as can be known, only add the Al-5%Cu base alloy that rare earth element yttrium obtains, and the alloy grain granularity has had tangible refinement, illustrate that rare earth element yttrium has played the effect that suppresses grain growth.Comparison diagram 1 and Fig. 3 as can be known, the crystallite size of the Al-5%Cu of the low heat cracking tendency that present embodiment obtains base alloy has had tangible more refinement than the crystallite size of the basic alloy of Al-5%Cu that existing method obtains.Explanation under the acting in conjunction of Quench ingot and rare earth element yttrium, the refinement of Al-5%Cu base alloy structure, Al-5%Cu base alloy is fine and close more.
Present embodiment adopts the 4018-temperature collect module that the Al-5%Cu base alloy of the low heat cracking tendency that obtains is tested, and obtains the cooling chart of the Al-5%Cu base alloy of low heat cracking tendency, as shown in Figure 4.As seen from Figure 4, the Tc interval of the Al-5%Cu of low heat cracking tendency base alloy has dwindled, behind the interpolation rare earth element yttrium, and the liquidus line T of the Al-5%Cu base alloy of low heat cracking tendency
ESignificantly reduce, and solidus curve T
NSlightly rise, then the crystallizing range Δ T=T of alloy
E-T
NReduce.
Present embodiment adopts the two coupon alloy hot tearing linear shrinkage instrument cast models of the ZQS-2000 type of Dalian University of Technology's development, Al-5%Cu base alloy to low heat cracking tendency detects, the hot tearing drag value of Al-5%Cu base alloy that obtains the low heat cracking tendency of present embodiment is 670N, with existing Al-5%Cu base alloy phase ratio with system, the hot tearing drag value of present embodiment has increased by 103%.Present embodiment is carried out tensile strength to the basic alloy of the Al-5%Cu of low heat cracking tendency and is tested to such an extent that its tensile strength is 500N, reaches the requirement of existing Al-5%Cu base tensile strength of alloys.
The Al-5%Cu of the low heat cracking tendency of present embodiment base alloy under the acting in conjunction of Quench ingot and rare earth element yttrium, the alloy structure refinement, the alloy crystallizing range reduces, the hot tearing drag value of alloy increases, the hot cracking tendency of alloy reduces.
Embodiment 13: present embodiment and embodiment 12 are different is to take by weighing Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot that 20% step 2 obtains, 57.84% aluminium, 8% aluminum bronze master alloy, 2.4% aluminium manganese master alloy, 3.2% aluminium zirconium hardener, 5.2% aluminium vanadium master alloy, 2.4% Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, 0.16% cadmium and 0.8% aluminium yttrium master alloy in the step 3 by mass percentage.Other step and parameter are identical with embodiment 12.
Present embodiment adopts the instrument described in the embodiment 12 that low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy is detected, the hot tearing drag value that obtains the low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy of present embodiment is 550N, with existing Al-5%Cu base alloy phase ratio with system, the hot tearing drag value of present embodiment has increased by 60.2%.Present embodiment is carried out tensile strength to the basic alloy of the Al-5%Cu of low heat cracking tendency and is tested to such an extent that its tensile strength is 450N, reaches the requirement of existing Al-5%Cu base tensile strength of alloys.
Claims (8)
1. low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method is characterized in that low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method is to realize by following steps: one, take by weighing following raw material by mass percentage: 66.15%～82.45% aluminium, 10% aluminum bronze master alloy, 2%～5% aluminium manganese master alloy, 1.25%～5% aluminium zirconium hardener, 1.25%～7.5% aluminium vanadium master alloy, 2%～5% Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, 0.15%～0.25% cadmium and 0.9%～1.1% aluminium yttrium master alloy; Two, the raw material in the step 1 is carried out surface cleaning, mix in the plumbago crucible of packing into after the seasoning again, then plumbago crucible is placed and be heated under 700～750 ℃ the condition after raw material melts fully, feed argon gas 20～40min again, then melt is poured in the mould, get Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot; Three, take by weighing the Al-5%Cu base alloy Quench ingot that 15%～25% step 2 obtains by mass percentage, 50%～60% aluminium, 7%～8% aluminum bronze master alloy, 1.5%～3.5% aluminium manganese master alloy, 3%～4% aluminium zirconium hardener, 5%～6% aluminium vanadium master alloy, 2%～4% Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy, 0.1%～0.2% cadmium and 0.75%～0.85% aluminium yttrium master alloy, mix in the plumbago crucible of packing into then, again plumbago crucible is placed and be heated under 700～750 ℃ the condition after raw material melts fully, feed argon gas 20～40min again, pour into plate then, obtain low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy.
2. a kind of low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting in the step 2 mass concentration is that 10% sodium hydroxide solution cleans the raw material in the step 1.
3. a kind of low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that in the step 2 plumbago crucible placed being heated to raw material under 710～730 ℃ the condition and melting fully.
4. a kind of low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that in the step 2 plumbago crucible placed being heated to raw material under 720 ℃ the condition and melting fully.
5. a kind of low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method according to claim 3, the quality purity that it is characterized in that the aluminium described in step 1 and the step 3 is 99.99%, cupric 50% (quality) in the aluminum bronze master alloy, aluminium manganese master alloy contains manganese 10% (quality), aluminium zirconium hardener contains zirconium 4% (quality), aluminium vanadium master alloy contains vanadium 4% (quality), Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy titaniferous 5% (quality), boracic 1% (quality), it is 10% (quality) that aluminium yttrium master alloy contains yttrium, and the quality purity of cadmium is 99.999%.
6. according to claim 1,2 or 5 described a kind of low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation methods, the quality purity that it is characterized in that the argon gas described in step 2 and the step 3 is 99.99%.
7. a kind of low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that in the step 3 plumbago crucible placed being heated to raw material under 710～730 ℃ the condition and melting fully.
8. a kind of low heat cracking tendency Al-5%Cu base alloy preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that in the step 3 plumbago crucible placed being heated to raw material under 720 ℃ the condition and melting fully.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104328293A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-04 | 山东大学 | Aluminum crystal grain heterogeneous nucleation enhancer in aluminum alloy melt as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108034873A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-15 | 湖州亨达铝业有限公司 | A kind of Al-6%Cu alloys of low hot cracking tendency and preparation method thereof |
| CN110004315A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-07-12 | 兰州理工大学 | Based on nanometer Y2O3The method of particle improvement ZL205A Hot-Crack Tendency of Alloy |
-
2009
- 2009-09-24 CN CN2009103076196A patent/CN101654745B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104328293A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-04 | 山东大学 | Aluminum crystal grain heterogeneous nucleation enhancer in aluminum alloy melt as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108034873A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-15 | 湖州亨达铝业有限公司 | A kind of Al-6%Cu alloys of low hot cracking tendency and preparation method thereof |
| CN110004315A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-07-12 | 兰州理工大学 | Based on nanometer Y2O3The method of particle improvement ZL205A Hot-Crack Tendency of Alloy |
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