CN101650060B - Fresh air ventilation type solar air heat collection building module - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fresh-air ventilation type solar energy air heat collecting construction module which belongs to the technical field of utilization of natural energy resources. The construction module is characterized by solving the problems of winter indoor ventilation, comfortable natural adjustment and energy consumption reduction of the prior solar energy construction in northern cold regions. The construction module mainly comprises a heat collecting plate, an outer wall of the construction, a ventilator, a ventilation opening, a hollow stalinite cover plate, an outer cavity and a template frame. The optimal installation position of the fresh-air ventilation type solar energy air heat collecting construction module is a lower wall of a construction window. The invention organically combines a natural ventilation technology and a solar energy heat collecting technology skillfully, leads the indoor environment of the construction to be combined with nature into a whole, improves the indoor air quality and heat energy utilization efficiency of the traditional solar energy heat collector, is widely applied to the construction of the integration, the diversification and the industrialization of a solar energy component, a multistory construction and a new rural construction and has obvious environmental-friendly, social and economic benefits.

Description

Fresh air ventilation type solar air heat collection building module

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of natural energy utilization, and relates to a fresh air ventilation type solar air heat collection building module.

Background technique

Through excellent architectural design, try not to use traditional heating and air-conditioning equipment to achieve comfortable indoor environment adjustment, which is one of the important goals in the development of solar buildings and their components. In some developed countries, such as Canada, a perforated air heat collection wall is used. The outdoor air enters the heat collector through small holes and is heated and sent to the room, thus playing the role of heating and ventilation at the same time. In the cold regions of China, because the solar air collector uses indoor circulating air, which affects the indoor air quality, and directly opens the window for ventilation, and a large amount of cold air penetrates, which will cause the room temperature to drop rapidly. So far, the research on solar air system at home and abroad can be divided into the development of new heat collection system and thermal performance research, but there are few researches on solar components combined with fresh air ventilation. With building integration of solar energy proposed as a future building development trend, the development of new solar air heat collection modules that can be integrated with buildings is becoming more and more important.

The present invention combines the fresh air ventilation mode with solar heating and cooling technology to propose a fresh air ventilation solar air heat collection module to improve the air quality of solar buildings. In winter, fresh air is sent into the room while taking into account the heat collection. In summer, in order to reduce the temperature difference between the inner wall and the indoor air and weaken the heat source effect of the wall, the wall can store more cold energy through night ventilation. Therefore, under the background that the country is vigorously promoting the development of low-cost renewable energy technologies, research and exploration of solar energy sustainable building integrated utilization technology has attracted widespread attention.

After searching, it was found that the application number 200810137402.0 discloses a building-integrated solar air heating system. This patent mainly solves the problems that the glass curtain wall structure has no active solar energy and the air interlayer that does not flow between the wall and the glass curtain wall is too hot in summer. , after the above-mentioned patent collects heat passively, the heated air is introduced into the air-conditioning unit through the air duct and introduced into the room. The combination of passive and active is mainly suitable for building facades with glass curtain wall structures, so the application is bound to be restricted by the type of building. The air conditioning system needs to consume power to supply air. Patent No. 200720155626.5 discloses a solar air-conditioning device, which uses a box body, a heat absorbing unit and a transparent cover to absorb and transport solar heat. Its differences and shortcomings are that the self-circulation heating and regulation of the room in winter, and the improvement of indoor air quality by fresh air preheating or fresh air ventilation have not been considered. In addition, this device is a building external device, and it is difficult to combine with the integrated design of the building's exterior wall. If it is installed improperly, it will affect the effect of the building's facade.

The invention proposes a building module combining fresh air ventilation and solar air heat collection technology, which well solves the contradictory problem of indoor natural ventilation and heat loss reduction in winter.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is the problem of indoor ventilation in winter, natural adjustment of comfort and energy consumption reduction in existing solar buildings in cold northern regions. On the basis of taking into account the heat collection of passive solar buildings, the present invention further utilizes the way of preheating the introduced outdoor air to realize the improvement of indoor air quality under the condition of no fresh air heat load. Thereby, a fresh air ventilation type solar air heat collection building module composed of a heat collecting component and a fresh air ventilation component is proposed. Fresh air ventilation heating and cooling technology brings an extremely considerable reduction rate of resource and energy consumption, a more comfortable and healthy indoor environment, and is more in line with a sustainable lifestyle.

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions, which are composed of dark heat collecting plates, building exterior walls, ventilators, hollow tempered glass cover plates, outer cavities, formwork frames and the like. The best installation position of the fresh air ventilation type solar air heat collection building module is on the wall under the window of the building, which is conducive to the ingenious combination with the building facade. The fresh air outlet adopts a ventilator. In order to increase the fresh air intake and the overall appearance of the fresh air module, the ventilator is inserted from the bottom and is as long as the glass. The opening and closing can be controlled manually or by electric induction. The opening of the ventilator becomes the main function of indoor fresh air ventilation. Way, the closed ventilator is a good solar heat collection module, it can be opened for a long time in summer, and it can be properly opened in winter for indoor fresh air ventilation. The fresh air module components require several hollow tempered glass cover plates and formwork frames. In order to facilitate the installation of the test system and regular inspection, the hollow tempered glass cover plates of each component can be opened, and the sealing performance is good when closed. The fresh air vents can be placed on the side of the formwork frame, this way the vents are more concealed, or they can be placed on the back plate of the collector, both of which can achieve the transmission of outdoor air to the room.

The effects and benefits of the present invention are: the present invention skillfully combines the natural ventilation technology with the solar energy heat collection technology to integrate the indoor environment of the building with nature, which not only improves the indoor air under the traditional solar heat collector quality, improve thermal energy utilization efficiency and significantly improve the indoor thermal environment of the building throughout the day. Compared with the existing technology before, the present invention has the advantages of reducing building energy consumption, maximally regulating and utilizing natural energy, and being convenient to integrate with building enclosure structures to realize factory production, etc., and is suitable for large-scale popularization. The module of the invention can be installed flexibly, can be combined with the facade design of a multi-storey building, and can meet the requirements of variability and regularity of the facade of a building. The invention can be applied in the construction of large-scale and wide-ranging new rural houses, which has very important popularization value for improving the diversification of rural house designs and the comfort of the environment, and improving the utilization rate of rural house energy. The implementation of the present invention has very important significance in the technical fields of utilization of passive solar natural energy and building integration.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded schematic view of the fresh air ventilation type solar air heat collection building module of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part A of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a combined schematic view of the fresh air ventilation type solar air heat collection building module of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fresh air module in Fig. 3 where the fresh air vents are located on the side of the formwork frame.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the fresh air transmission mode in which the fresh air vents are located on the side of the formwork frame in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fresh air module with the fresh air vent located on the back plate of the collector.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the fresh air transmission mode in which the fresh air vents are located on the heat collecting back plate of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 building exterior wall, 3 fresh air module, 10 ventilator, 13 fresh air vent, 14 module frame, 15 heat collecting plate, 15-1 through hole of heat collecting plate, 17 outer cavity, 18 glass cover plate, 18 -2 ordinary insulating glass cover plates, 21 reinforced brackets, 27 fresh air inlets, 28 outdoor fresh air.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

Specific embodiment 1: As shown in Figures 1-3, the module system is mainly composed of building exterior wall 1, heat collecting plate 15, ventilator 10, hollow tempered glass cover plate 18 and formwork frame 14 and so on. The whole fresh air module 3 is best installed on the outside of the wall under the window. The air inlet of the fresh air module 3 adopts a ventilator 10, which is plugged in from the bottom. The opening and closing can be controlled manually or by electric induction.

Embodiment 2: As shown in Figures 1-3, the heat collecting plate 15 adopts a white steel plate in the form of a 1mm thick through hole 15-1, the diameter of the through hole 15-1 is 5mm, and the hole spacing is 15mm. After the surface of the white steel plate is polished, the surface roughness is increased, and the absorptivity of the selective dark absorbing coating of the external coating is >0.9, and the emissivity is 0.45-0.5.

Specific embodiment three: as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the formwork frame 14 is composed of extruded plastic plates, lined with galvanized plates, and the outer skin of the peripheral frame is covered with white steel plates, and the enclosed inner cavity is further passed through white steel square tubes Reinforcement bracket 21 strengthens. A fresh air vent 13 is provided at the frame corresponding position between the fresh air module 3 and the indoor or other connected modules. A hollow tempered glass cover plate 18 is installed on the outermost side of the module system, and an ordinary hollow glass cover plate 18-2 is installed on the outermost side of the fresh air module. In order to facilitate the installation of the test system, the hollow tempered glass cover plate of each component can be opened, and the sealing performance is good when closed.

Embodiment 4: As shown in Figures 4-8, the fresh air vent 13 can be placed on the side of the formwork frame, or on the back plate of the heat collector, both of which can achieve the transmission of outdoor air to the room. On a sunny day in winter, the outdoor air ventilator 10 enters the fresh air module 3 for heating, and enters the room or the heating module through the fresh air vent 13 . During the sunny day in summer, the outdoor fresh air continuously flows into the room through the ventilator 10 and the fresh air vent 13 to form convection with the indoor north-facing windows. This cycle increases the number of air changes in the room and realizes natural ventilation during the day to adjust the indoor temperature and relative humidity.

Claims (4)

1. fresh-air ventilation type solar energy air heat collecting construction module is characterized in that: described fresh-air ventilation type solar energy air heat collecting construction module is made up of external wall (1), thermal-arrest plate (15), ventilator (10), new wind ventilating opening (13), new wind air inlet (27), hollow tempering glass cover-plate (18) and template framework (14); Whole new wind module (3) is installed in the breast outer fix, the air inlet of new wind module (3) adopts ventilator (10), ventilator (10) is plugged from the bottom, ventilator (10) length and glass are isometric, outdoor air is via in new wind ventilating opening (13) inlet chamber, and the new wind air inlet (27) of ventilator (10) opens and closes can manually be controlled or electrodynamic induction control.

2. a kind of fresh-air ventilation type solar energy air heat collecting construction module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: thermal-arrest plate (15) adopts the thick through hole of 1mm (15-1) form white steel plate, and through hole (15-1) aperture is 5mm, and pitch of holes is 15mm; The white steel plate surface increases surface roughness through after polishing, its outer dark absorber coatings absorptivity of selectivity＞0.9 that is coated with, and emissivity is 0.45～0.5.

3. a kind of fresh-air ventilation type solar energy air heat collecting construction module according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described modular system outermost is provided with some hollow tempering glass cover-plates (18), new wind module (3) outermost is installed ordinary insulating glass cover plate (18-2), for the ease of mounting test system, each member hollow tempering glass cover-plate can be opened good airproof performance when closing.

4. a kind of fresh-air ventilation type solar energy air heat collecting construction module according to claim 1 is characterized in that: template framework (14) is made by extruded sheet, the liner galvanized sheet, and the framework exocuticle is coated with white steel plate.

Images