CN114562764A - Building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening system and method - Google Patents
Building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114562764A CN114562764A CN202210158978.5A CN202210158978A CN114562764A CN 114562764 A CN114562764 A CN 114562764A CN 202210158978 A CN202210158978 A CN 202210158978A CN 114562764 A CN114562764 A CN 114562764A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0059—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers
- F24F1/0063—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by heat exchangers by the mounting or arrangement of the heat exchangers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F17/00—Vertical ducts; Channels, e.g. for drainage
- E04F17/04—Air-ducts or air channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0007—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units
- F24F1/0043—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements
- F24F1/0047—Indoor units, e.g. fan coil units characterised by mounting arrangements mounted in the ceiling or at the ceiling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
- F24F13/0227—Ducting arrangements using parts of the building, e.g. air ducts inside the floor, walls or ceiling of a building
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/30—Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
- F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/38—Energy storage means, e.g. batteries, structurally associated with PV modules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening system and a building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening method, wherein in the daytime when the outdoor temperature is hot: on one hand, the photovoltaic curtain wall of the south outer wall of the solar chimney is used for collecting electric energy and providing the electric energy for the low-temperature heating cable laid in the side wall body facing the sun of the chimney through the photovoltaic reverse controller, and the outer wall heat storage unit is used for storing solar energy; on the other hand, the heat storage unit arranged on the inner wall of the chimney is utilized to recover and store the heat discharged when the air conditioner operates in the daytime; at the moment when the outdoor air temperature is low and natural ventilation conditions are provided: the chimney air outlet is opened, the chimney air is heated by the heat collected by the heat storage wall, natural ventilation is strengthened, low-energy-consumption indoor air temperature and humidity regulation and fresh air ventilation are realized, and the requirement of thermal comfort of a human body is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building energy conservation, and relates to an indoor ventilation cooling regulation and control system, in particular to a building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening system and a building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening method.
Background
Under the condition of shielding of a building enclosure structure, a relatively independent microclimate area can be formed in an indoor environment, about 80% -90% of time is spent in the indoor environment (such as a house, a workshop or a vehicle), so that the air quality and the thermal comfort of the indoor environment are closely related to the health life of human beings, building ventilation is an effective means for adjusting the comfort of the indoor microclimate environment, and the indoor temperature, humidity and air quality are adjusted by means of ventilation of a plurality of public building pipelines, exhaust fans, atrium ventilation, chimney ventilation, roof ventilation and the like.
The building industry has the problems of large energy consumption and high carbon emission, and 55% of total building energy consumption is used for building heating and air-conditioning ventilation systems. The energy consumption generally takes conventional fossil energy such as coal, petroleum and the like as the main energy, and a large amount of pollutants are generated to influence the air quality. In order to achieve the goal of "carbon neutralization" before 2060 years, the carbon emissions of the construction industry must be reduced in the next few decades. Therefore, if renewable clean energy is fully used in the building operation stage or a passive method is adopted to realize building ventilation, the building energy consumption and carbon emission can be effectively reduced. The existing indoor ventilation of buildings generally adopts a mechanical ventilation or natural ventilation mode to adjust indoor temperature, humidity and air quality, but also faces the following problems: 1) the natural ventilation is economical and environment-friendly, but the fluctuation is large under the influence of external wind speed, temperature and the like, and although the mechanical ventilation mode is not influenced by external environment, the indoor temperature and humidity can be quickly ventilated and adjusted, but the energy consumption is high; 2) the architectural design is limited to the appearance design, neglects the functional design of building, leads to building ventilation chimney operation effect not good on the contrary, and the energy consumption increases, causes the not smooth ventilation in summer, a great deal of problems such as the excessive permeability in winter.
If a natural ventilation strengthening system aiming at the building chimney effect can be designed according to the functional characteristics of the building chimney, the solar radiation energy is fully utilized, the indoor environment can be ensured to meet the requirement of thermal comfort of human bodies, the building energy consumption can be reduced, the carbon emission can be reduced, and the system has important significance for the development of green buildings.
Through the search of the prior art documents, the patents which have been applied for building ventilation reinforcement are as follows:
(1) patent "a building natural ventilation system" (patent application number CN201921664238.9) discloses a building natural ventilation system, and the air is through locating the inlet air duct that is equipped with two air intakes of building outer wall, and radiation refrigerating plant sets up on inlet air duct's outer wall, and radiation refrigerating plant can pass through the atmospheric window emission heat with infrared radiation's mode to the realization is to the gaseous cooling in the inlet air duct. The natural ventilation system provided by the method can prevent high-temperature outside air from directly entering a building, and the energy-consumption-free radiation refrigeration technology is utilized to cool the air entering the room in advance, so that the utilization rate of the air conditioner in the building is reduced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
(2) A heat recovery type phase change energy storage fresh air system and a working method thereof (patent application number CN202111219374.9) are provided aiming at the problem of high load of an air conditioner fresh air system, the heat recovery type phase change energy storage fresh air system based on a total heat exchanger is provided, a phase change energy storage cold accumulation device is arranged in a fresh air outlet pipeline, a phase change energy storage heat accumulation device is arranged in a bypass pipeline, an air cooling heat exchanger is arranged in an air exhaust outlet pipeline, and waste heat in exhaust air is recovered to preheat or precool the introduced fresh air by controlling an electric air valve to be opened and closed in different seasons. The method combines the phase-change material with a building ventilation system, can effectively prolong the utilization time of renewable energy, improve the energy utilization rate, save the operating cost of an air conditioner and promote the optimal matching of electric power resources. However, depending on the phase change material alone may cause the phase change material to be too cold and phase separated due to large temperature fluctuation.
(3) Patent "a compound ventilation system of reinforceing indoor natural draft effect" (patent application number CN201520492876.2) discloses a compound ventilation system that can strengthen indoor natural draft effect, utilizes underground pipe laying cooling technology, buries the tuber pipe in the constant temperature layer of earth's surface below, can realize interior cooling in summer. The solar chimney is arranged at the periphery of the building, cold air in the underground buried pipe enters from the lower part of the building by utilizing the suction effect of the chimney effect, the cold air is changed into hot air after absorbing heat in the building and is discharged from the upper part of the building, the indoor ventilation quantity is increased, and the ventilation effect is improved. Arranging a solar ventilation roof on the top of the building, closing an air valve arranged in the solar ventilation roof in winter to enable a ventilation interlayer to become a greenhouse, and heating indoor air by solar radiation; the air valve is opened in summer, and indoor hot air is taken out of the room through the air interlayer under the action of hot pressing and air pressure, so that the ventilation and cooling effects are achieved. But the whole system depends on the climate conditions, the effect is better in hot summer, cold winter and cold regions, and the sunlight is sufficient during the operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening system and method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a building chimney effect natural draft enhancement system, comprising:
the air-conditioning ventilation and cooling regulation and control system is arranged in a suspended ceiling of a room and is used for regulating the air supply temperature of the room;
the photovoltaic curtain wall heating system is arranged on the outer side of a ventilation chimney on the outer side of a room and used for heating air in the ventilation chimney and increasing the air displacement when natural ventilation needs to be enhanced;
and the natural ventilation system is arranged in the room and the ventilation chimney and is used for enabling outdoor air to enter the room and regulating and controlling the quality of indoor air.
The system of the invention is further improved in that:
the air conditioning ventilation and cooling regulation and control system comprises an air conditioning outdoor unit, the air conditioning outdoor unit is arranged in a ventilation chimney, and the air conditioning outdoor unit is respectively connected with an air conditioning cooling coil arranged in a suspended ceiling of a room and an inner wall heat storage unit arranged in the inner side wall of the ventilation chimney; the air conditioner cooling coil is characterized in that an air return grille and an air outlet of the air conditioner indoor unit are formed in the room ceiling, a circulating fan is installed in the air outlet of the air conditioner indoor unit, an air inlet of the circulating fan is over against the bottom of the air conditioner cooling coil, an air inlet of the air conditioner indoor unit at the upper portion of the air conditioner cooling coil is located in the room ceiling, and the room ceiling is communicated with a room through the air return grille.
The air outlet of the indoor unit of the air conditioner is a square air diffuser and is used for sending cooled air back to the indoor through the air inlet of the circulating fan
The inner wall heat storage unit is filled with a phase-change material, a heat exchange coil is laid inside the inner wall heat storage unit, and the heat exchange coil is connected with an air conditioner outdoor unit to exchange heat.
And a first heat preservation and insulation layer is arranged on one side of the inner wall heat storage unit, which is close to the room.
The photovoltaic curtain wall heating system comprises a photovoltaic inverter, and the photovoltaic inverter is respectively connected with a photovoltaic glass curtain wall arranged on the outer side of the ventilation chimney and an outer wall heat storage unit arranged in a wall on the outer side of the ventilation chimney.
A gap is reserved between the photovoltaic glass curtain wall and the ventilation chimney and used for air circulation, and overheating at the back of the photovoltaic glass curtain wall is prevented.
And a second heat-insulating layer is arranged in an interlayer between the outer wall heat storage unit and the photovoltaic glass curtain wall.
The natural ventilation system comprises a building external window, a ventilation chimney air inlet and a ventilation chimney air outlet, wherein the building external window is arranged on the opposite side wall of the building ventilation chimney; the air inlet of the ventilation chimney is an electric shutter air inlet and is arranged on the wall below the inner wall heat storage unit; the air outlet of the ventilation chimney is an electric shutter air outlet and is arranged on the wall above the outer wall heat storage unit.
A building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening method comprises the following steps:
when the indoor air conditioner is started in a cooling mode in daytime, air with higher indoor temperature enters an air inlet of the air-conditioning indoor unit in the ceiling through the air return grille and exchanges heat with the air-conditioning cooling coil, the air with lower temperature is sent back to an air-conditioning room through an air outlet of the air-conditioning indoor unit by the circulating fan, the air-conditioning cooling coil absorbs heat and exchanges heat with the air-conditioning outdoor unit, the heat exchange coil and the outdoor air conditioner form a heat exchange cycle, media in the heat exchange coil absorbs heat and exchanges heat with heat storage phase change materials in the heat storage unit, the cooled media return to the air-conditioning outdoor unit through the heat exchange coil again, and heat insulation materials are laid on the wall close to one side of the air-conditioning room to prevent heat from dissipating; the photovoltaic glass curtain wall mounted on the outer wall of the building ventilation chimney collects solar energy, and a photovoltaic inverter placed at the bottom of the chimney converts and stores electric energy;
when natural ventilation is needed in cloudy days or at night, the electric louver air opening is opened, outdoor fresh air enters an air-conditioning room from an external window of a building, the fresh air is fully mixed and then enters a chimney from an air inlet of a ventilation chimney, electric energy stored by the photovoltaic reverse controller is supplied to a low-temperature heating cable laid in the external wall heat storage unit, heat is generated to heat air in the chimney, the heated air is discharged outdoors from an air outlet of the ventilation chimney, and a second heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer laid on the outer side of the external wall heat storage unit is used for preventing heat in the chimney from escaping.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the system of the invention strengthens the indoor natural ventilation by the chimney effect principle, and the outdoor fresh air enters the room under the action of hot pressing, so that the air quality is improved, and the heat source for heating the chimney comes from the low-temperature heating cable heated by solar power generation; on the other hand, the indoor waste heat is collected and stored in the inner wall heat storage unit through the air conditioner. The whole system reduces the indoor temperature, improves the indoor thermal environment, fully utilizes renewable energy sources, reduces the building energy consumption and meets the requirement of long-term operation of green buildings.
Indoor air enters an air inlet of an indoor unit of the air conditioner through an air return grille arranged on a ceiling and exchanges heat with a cooling coil of the air conditioner, the air with reduced temperature is sent back to the indoor through a circulating fan, cooling media in the cooling coil exchange heat with an outdoor unit of the air conditioner through the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, and the cooling media laid in a heat exchange coil of an inner wall heat storage unit exchange heat with the outdoor unit of the air conditioner so as to circulate. In addition, when the window needs to be opened for ventilation, the electric quantity collected by the photovoltaic glass curtain wall is supplied to a low-temperature heating cable laid in the chimney outer wall heat storage unit through the photovoltaic reverse controller, so that heat is provided for chimney exhaust. And opening the external window of the building, introducing outdoor fresh air into the room for ventilation, introducing the fresh air into the chimney through the air inlet of the ventilation chimney, and delivering the heated air to the atmosphere through the air outlet of the ventilation chimney. The indoor temperature and humidity regulation and control is combined with the natural ventilation reinforcement of the building chimney, so that the long-term high-efficiency operation of the system is realized, and the requirement of indoor human bodies on a thermal comfortable environment is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-return air grille; 2-air inlet of indoor unit of air conditioner; 3-air-conditioning cooling coil pipe; 4-circulating fan; 5, an air conditioner outdoor unit; 6-inner wall heat storage unit; 7-heat exchange coil pipe; 8-photovoltaic glass curtain wall; 9-photovoltaic inverter controller; 10-an external wall heat storage unit; 11-low temperature heating cable; 12-building exterior windows; 13-air inlet of the ventilation chimney; 14-a ventilation chimney exhaust outlet; 15-a first heat preservation and insulation layer; 16-air outlet of indoor unit of air conditioner; 17-a second heat preservation and insulation layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. are used for indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which is usually arranged when the product of the present invention is used, the description is merely for convenience and simplicity, and the indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the term "horizontal", if present, does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses a building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening system, which comprises an air return grille 1, an air inlet 2 of an air-conditioning indoor unit, an air-conditioning cooling coil 3, a circulating fan 4, an air outlet 16 of the air-conditioning indoor unit, an air-conditioning outdoor unit 5, an inner wall heat storage unit 6, a heat exchange coil 7, a photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8, a photovoltaic inverter, an outer wall heat storage unit 10, a low-temperature heating cable 11, a building outer window 12, an air inlet 13 of a ventilation chimney, an air outlet 14 of the ventilation chimney and a first heat preservation and insulation layer 15.
The air conditioner ventilation and cooling regulation and control system comprises an air return grille 1 arranged in a suspended ceiling, an air inlet 2 of an air conditioner indoor unit, an air conditioner cooling coil 3, a circulating fan 4, an air conditioner outdoor unit 5, an inner wall heat storage unit 6, a heat exchange coil 7, a first heat preservation and insulation layer 15 and an air outlet 16 of the air conditioner indoor unit. The air return grille 1 is arranged on a ceiling suspended ceiling, is adjustable in air quantity and is used for sending circulating air to an air inlet 2 of an indoor unit of the air conditioner; the air inlet 2 of the indoor air conditioner is arranged at the upper part of the air conditioner case, and air exchanges heat with the cooling coil 3 of the air conditioner through the air inlet 2 of the indoor air conditioner; the air conditioner cooling coil 3 is arranged in the indoor air conditioner case, is internally provided with a cooling medium and is used for exchanging heat with return air of an air inlet 2 of an indoor unit of an air conditioner so as to realize air temperature regulation; the circulating fan 4 is arranged at an air outlet 16 of an indoor unit of the air conditioner and is used for sending the cooled air back to a room at a constant speed to realize the circulating cooling of the indoor air; the air conditioner outdoor unit 5 is arranged in the wall of a building chimney, is connected with the air conditioner cooling coil 3 and is used for cooling and radiating high-temperature and high-pressure cooling media discharged by the indoor unit, and the condensed refrigerant liquid is sent back to the air conditioner cooling coil 3 to absorb indoor heat, and the process is circulated; the inner wall heat storage unit 6 is arranged on the ventilation chimney and the adjacent wall of the air-conditioning room, is filled with phase-change materials, and exchanges heat with the heat exchange coil 7 laid in the inner wall heat storage unit 6 to store indoor waste heat; the heat exchange coil 7 is laid in the inner wall heat storage unit 6, is connected with the air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and is used for exchanging heat with a cooling medium in the air conditioner outdoor unit 5, the obtained heat is stored in the heat storage wall, and the cooled medium returns to the air conditioner outdoor unit 5 to circulate; the first heat preservation and insulation layer 15 is arranged on one side, close to the air-conditioning room, of the inner wall heat storage unit 6; and the air outlet 16 of the indoor unit of the air conditioner is arranged on the ceiling, is connected with the circulating fan 4 and is a square air diffuser and is used for sending cooled air back to the room through the air inlet of the circulating fan 4.
The photovoltaic curtain wall heating system comprises a photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8, a photovoltaic inverse controller 9, an outer wall heat storage unit 10, a low-temperature heating cable 11 and a second heat preservation and insulation layer 17. The photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8 is arranged on the outer wall surface of the building chimney with sufficient sunlight illumination, a certain gap is formed between the photovoltaic glass curtain wall and the wall, air flows through the photovoltaic glass curtain wall to prevent the back from overheating, and generated power is transmitted to the photovoltaic inverter controller 9 and is used for generating heat by the low-temperature heating cable 11; the photovoltaic inverter 9 is placed at the bottom of the chimney, is connected with the photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8 and the low-temperature heating cable 11, and is used for controlling the solar battery to charge the storage battery and supplying power to the load of the solar inverter by the storage battery; the outer wall heat storage unit 10 is arranged in a wall on the back of the photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8, the height of the outer wall heat storage unit is lower than that of an air outlet of a chimney, and phase-change materials are filled in the heat storage wall and used for storing heat of the low-temperature heating cable 11; the low-temperature heating cable 11 is laid on the outer wall heat storage unit 10, is connected with the photovoltaic reverse controller 9, and is electrified and heated by utilizing far infrared rays of the carbon fiber heating body so as to heat the exhaust temperature of the chimney; the second heat-insulating layer 17 is arranged in an interlayer between the outer wall heat storage unit 10 and the photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8 and has a certain interval with the photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8.
The natural ventilation system comprises an outer building window 12, a ventilation chimney air inlet 13 and a ventilation chimney air outlet 14. The building external window 12 is arranged on the wall opposite to the building ventilation chimney and used for enabling outdoor fresh air to enter the room, forming indoor and outdoor air flow exchange and keeping the air quality of the indoor space; the air inlet 13 of the ventilation chimney is arranged below the inner wall heat storage unit 6 on the adjacent wall surfaces of the ventilation chimney and the air-conditioning room, is an electric louver air inlet, is adjustable in air volume and is used for guiding indoor dirty air to be quickly discharged out of the air-conditioning room; the air outlet 14 of the ventilation chimney is arranged on the wall surface of the building ventilation chimney provided with the photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8, and is an electric louver air port above the outer wall heat storage unit 10 and used for discharging heated air.
The first heat-insulating layer 15 and the second heat-insulating layer 17 are made of light heat-insulating materials with low heat conductivity coefficients, and are used for preventing heat of the inner wall heat storage unit 6 from dissipating to an air-conditioned room, influencing indoor temperature and preventing heat of the outer wall heat storage unit 10 from dissipating to the outside.
Based on the indoor air conditioning ventilation cooling system of the inner wall heat storage unit 6, after return air of an air conditioning room enters a ceiling layer of the room, the return air exchanges heat with the air conditioning cooling coil 3 through the air inlet 2 of the air conditioning indoor unit, air with the temperature reduced to a certain degree returns to the air conditioning room again from the air outlet 16 of the air conditioning indoor unit through the circulating fan 4, after absorbing heat, cooling media in the air conditioning cooling coil 3 exchanges heat with cooling media in the air conditioning outdoor unit 5, the low-temperature cooling media continue to cool the air through the coil, the cooling media absorbing heat in the air conditioning outdoor unit 5 are changed into high-temperature high-pressure gas, the high-temperature high-pressure gas enters the heat exchange coil 7 of the inner wall heat storage unit 6, and after contacting with phase change materials of a heat storage wall, the cooling media returns to the air conditioning outdoor unit 5 again to continue to circulate the cooling air, and one side, close to the air conditioning room, of the inner wall heat storage unit 6 is provided with the first heat preservation and insulation layer 15, the air supply temperature of the air-conditioning room is adjusted.
Based on photovoltaic curtain heating system, photovoltaic glass curtain 8 collects solar energy, the back is equipped with the air cooling passageway, reduce solar cell panel's temperature, prevent because the generating efficiency that the temperature rise leads to descends, the conversion is stored to the generated energy in the contrary accuse ware 9 of photovoltaic, supply with the low temperature heating cable 11 of laying at outer wall heat accumulation unit 10, it stores the heat to fill phase change material in outer wall heat accumulation unit 10, when natural draft needs to be strengthened in cloudy day or evening, air in the heating ventilation chimney, increase the displacement, outer wall heat accumulation unit 10 outside is equipped with second heat preservation insulating layer 17, prevent the heat loss.
Based on the building chimney natural ventilation system, when natural ventilation is needed, the building outer window 12 and the electric louver air opening are opened, exhaust air is heated in the ventilation chimney, chimney draft is strengthened, fresh air continuously enters a room due to the hot pressing effect and is fully mixed in the room, the fresh air enters the chimney from the ventilation chimney air inlet 13 at the bottom and is exhausted from the ventilation chimney air outlet 14, indoor air quality is improved, and indoor environment heat comfortable regulation and control are achieved.
Example (b):
the invention relates to a building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening system which comprises an indoor air-conditioning ventilation cooling system with an inner wall heat storage unit 6, a photovoltaic curtain wall heating system and an indoor natural ventilation system of a building chimney. The specific arrangement mode is as follows: an air-conditioning cooling coil 3 for cooling indoor air and an air inlet of an indoor air conditioner are arranged in a suspended ceiling of a room, an air outlet of the air conditioner is connected with a circulating fan 4, an air return inlet is arranged at the other side of the suspended ceiling, an air-conditioning outdoor unit 5 is embedded and installed on a wall of the air-conditioning room adjacent to a building chimney and is connected with the air-conditioning cooling coil 3, an inner wall heat storage unit 6 of the air-conditioning room adjacent to the building ventilation chimney is filled with a phase-change heat storage material, a heat exchange coil 7 is laid, the heat exchange coil 7 is connected with the air-conditioning outdoor unit 5, and a first heat preservation and insulation layer 15 is laid at one side, close to the air-conditioning room, of the inner wall heat storage unit 6; the photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8 is installed on the outer side wall surface of the building ventilation chimney, a certain gap is formed between the photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8 and the wall surface, a second heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer 17 is paved close to the wall surface, a photovoltaic reverse controller 9 is placed at the bottom of the chimney and connected with the photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8, electric energy is output and supplied to a low-temperature heating cable 11 paved on the outer wall of the chimney, and a heat storage unit 10 of the outer wall of the chimney is filled with a phase-change material; the building external window 12 is arranged on the opposite side of the chimney, a ventilation chimney air inlet 13 is arranged on the lower portion of the internal wall heat storage unit 6, and a ventilation chimney air outlet 14 is arranged on the upper portion of the external wall heat storage unit 10.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
when the indoor air conditioner is started in a cooling mode in daytime, air with higher indoor temperature enters an air inlet 2 of a hollow air-conditioning indoor unit in the suspended ceiling through an air return grille 1 and then exchanges heat with an air-conditioning cooling coil 3, the air with lower temperature is sent back to the air-conditioning room through an air outlet 16 of the air-conditioning indoor unit by a circulating fan 4, the air-conditioning cooling coil 3 absorbs heat and then exchanges heat with an air-conditioning outdoor unit 5, the heat exchange coil 7 and the outdoor air-conditioning unit 5 form a heat exchange cycle, a medium in the heat exchange coil 7 absorbs heat and then exchanges heat with a heat storage phase change material in a heat storage unit 6, the cooled medium returns to the air-conditioning outdoor unit 5 through the heat exchange coil 7 again, and a heat insulation material 15 is laid on a wall close to one side of the air-conditioning room to prevent heat from escaping; the photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8 arranged on the outer wall of the building ventilation chimney collects solar energy, and the photovoltaic inverter 9 arranged at the bottom of the chimney converts and stores electric energy; when natural ventilation is needed in cloudy days or at night, the electric louver air opening is opened, outdoor fresh air enters an air-conditioning room from the building outer window 12, the fresh air is fully mixed and enters the chimney from the air inlet 13 of the ventilation chimney, the electric energy stored by the photovoltaic reverse controller 9 is supplied to the low-temperature heating cable 11 laid in the outer wall heat storage unit 10 to generate heat to heat the air in the chimney, the heated air is discharged outdoors from the air outlet 14 of the ventilation chimney, and the heat in the chimney is prevented from escaping by the second heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer 17 laid on the outer side of the outer wall heat storage unit 10.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
aiming at the requirements of a special ventilation system such as a building ventilation chimney in building thermal environment regulation, the invention provides a mode for reducing building energy consumption by utilizing chimney effect natural ventilation to assist heat exchange mechanical ventilation of a heat storage wall. Utilize photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8 to collect photoelectricity, when cloudy day or evening need ventilate, open the room window, utilize the electric quantity of collecting to lead to and heat the air in the chimney for low temperature heating cable 11 to improve the temperature of airing exhaust of chimney, by delta P ═ (rho)T1－ρT2) gH can be obtained by raising the building exhaust air temperature to reduce the density rho of the exhaust airT2Outdoor fresh air slave windowWhen a user enters, the air is discharged into the chimney through the window communicated with the room through the chimney, and the discharged air is heated through the low-temperature heating cable 11 module, so that the ventilation quantity of the natural ventilation of the building is improved. Indoor waste heat in daytime is stored in the inner wall heat storage unit 6 through heat exchange of the heat exchange coil 7, a refrigerant in the heat exchange coil 7 is subjected to heat exchange with air entering the air inlet 2 of the indoor unit of the air conditioner through the return air grille 1 in the air conditioner cooling coil 3 through the air conditioner outdoor unit 5, and the cooled air returns to the indoor space through the circulating fan 4 again. In addition, the first thermal insulation layer 15 and the second thermal insulation layer 17 are respectively arranged on the side of the inner wall thermal storage unit 6 close to the air-conditioned room and the outdoor side of the outer wall thermal storage unit 10, so as to prevent unnecessary heat diffusion. The two processes are combined to realize the regulation and control of the air quality of the building and the indoor hot and humid environment, reduce the energy consumption of the building, have good operation economy and have the prospect of large-scale popularization.
The invention provides a method for generating electricity by using a photovoltaic glass curtain wall 8 from a building ventilation chimney strengthening system, and a low-temperature heating cable 11 is laid on the wall surface of a chimney to heat air in the chimney. An air outlet is arranged on a suspended ceiling of a room, air with appropriate temperature and humidity after heat exchange with an air-conditioning cooling coil 3 is sent back to the room through the air outlet by a circulating fan 4, an air return inlet is arranged on the other side of the ceiling for air return treatment, the recovered indoor waste heat is subjected to heat exchange with an inner wall heat storage unit 6 through an air-conditioning outdoor unit 5, and is stored in an inner wall for exhaust heating of a chimney, so that the exhaust amount is increased, the chimney effect is enhanced, indoor cooling regulation and control are realized, the problem of poor operation effect of the existing building ventilation chimney is solved, and meanwhile, the method has good operation economy and has a large-scale popularization prospect.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A building chimney effect natural draft enhancement system, comprising:
the air-conditioning ventilation and cooling regulation and control system is arranged in a suspended ceiling of a room and is used for regulating the air supply temperature of the room;
the photovoltaic curtain wall heating system is arranged on the outer side of a ventilation chimney on the outer side of a room and used for heating air in the ventilation chimney and increasing the air displacement when natural ventilation needs to be enhanced;
and the natural ventilation system is arranged in the room and the ventilation chimney and is used for enabling outdoor air to enter the room and regulating and controlling the quality of indoor air.
2. The building chimney effect natural ventilation enhancement system according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioning ventilation cooling regulation and control system comprises an air conditioning outdoor unit (5), the air conditioning outdoor unit (5) is installed in the ventilation chimney, and the air conditioning outdoor unit (5) is respectively connected with an air conditioning cooling coil (3) arranged in a ceiling of a room and an inner wall heat storage unit (6) arranged in a wall inside the ventilation chimney; the air conditioner is characterized in that an air return grille (1) and an air conditioner indoor unit air outlet (16) are formed in the room ceiling, a circulating fan (4) is installed in the air conditioner indoor unit air outlet (16), an air inlet of the circulating fan (4) is over against the bottom of the air conditioner cooling coil (3), an air conditioner indoor unit air inlet at the upper portion of the air conditioner cooling coil (3) is located in the room ceiling, and the room ceiling is communicated with a room through the air return grille (1).
3. The system for strengthening natural draft for building chimney effect according to claim 2, wherein the air outlet (16) of the indoor unit of air conditioner is a square diffuser for sending the cooled air back to the room through the air inlet of the circulating fan (4).
4. The system for strengthening natural ventilation through building chimney effect according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat storage unit (6) of the inner wall is filled with phase-change material, a heat exchange coil (7) is laid inside, and the heat exchange coil (7) is connected with an outdoor unit (5) of an air conditioner for heat exchange.
5. The building chimney effect natural ventilation enhancement system according to the claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the inner wall heat storage unit (6) is provided with a first heat preservation and insulation layer (15) close to one side of the room.
6. The building chimney effect natural ventilation strengthening system according to claim 1, characterized in that the photovoltaic curtain wall heating system comprises a photovoltaic inverter (9), and the photovoltaic inverter (9) is respectively connected with a photovoltaic glass curtain wall (8) arranged outside the ventilation chimney and an outer wall heat storage unit (10) arranged in a wall outside the ventilation chimney.
7. The building chimney effect natural draft strengthening system according to claim 6, characterized in that a gap is left between the photovoltaic glass curtain wall (8) and the ventilation chimney for air circulation to prevent overheating at the back of the photovoltaic glass curtain wall (8).
8. The system for strengthening natural ventilation through building chimney effect according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that a second heat preservation and insulation layer (17) is arranged in the interlayer between the external wall heat storage unit (10) and the photovoltaic glass curtain wall (8).
9. The building chimney effect natural draft enhancement system according to claim 1, wherein the natural draft system comprises a building exterior window (12), a draft chimney inlet (13), and a draft chimney exit (14), the building exterior window (12) being disposed on a building draft chimney opposite side wall; the air inlet (13) of the ventilation chimney is an electric shutter air inlet and is arranged on the wall below the inner wall heat storage unit (6); the air outlet (14) of the ventilation chimney is an electric shutter air port and is arranged on the wall above the outer wall heat storage unit (10).
10. A method of building chimney effect natural draft enhancement using the system of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
when the indoor air conditioner is started in a cooling mode in daytime, air with higher indoor temperature enters an air inlet (2) of an indoor air conditioner in a suspended ceiling through an air return grille (1) and then exchanges heat with an air conditioner cooling coil (3), the air with lower temperature is sent back to an air-conditioning room through an air outlet (16) of the indoor air conditioner by a circulating fan (4), the air conditioner cooling coil (3) exchanges heat with an outdoor air conditioner (5) after absorbing heat, a heat exchange coil (7) and the outdoor air conditioner (5) form a heat exchange cycle, a medium in the heat exchange coil (7) exchanges heat with a heat storage phase change material in a heat storage unit (6) after absorbing heat, the cooled medium returns to the outdoor air conditioner (5) through the heat exchange coil (7), and a heat insulation material (15) is laid on a wall close to one side of the air-conditioning room to prevent heat from dissipating; the photovoltaic glass curtain wall (8) arranged on the outer wall of the building ventilation chimney collects solar energy, and a photovoltaic inverter (9) placed at the bottom of the chimney converts and stores electric energy;
when natural ventilation is needed in cloudy days or at night, the electric louver air opening is opened, outdoor fresh air enters an air-conditioning room from the building outer window (12), the fresh air is fully mixed and enters the chimney from the ventilation chimney air inlet (13), electric energy stored by the photovoltaic reverse controller (9) is supplied to the low-temperature heating cable (11) laid in the outer wall heat storage unit (10), heat is generated to heat air in the chimney, the heated air is discharged outdoors from the ventilation chimney air outlet (14), and the heat in the chimney is prevented from escaping by the second heat-preservation and heat-insulation layer (17) laid on the outer side of the outer wall heat storage unit (10) in the same way.
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| CN115355581A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-18 | 重庆大学 | Indoor temperature regulation and control method utilizing semiconductor refrigeration |
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