CN101646887B - 锥件在闭合位置由门下游的装置支撑的固定锥套筒阀 - Google Patents

锥件在闭合位置由门下游的装置支撑的固定锥套筒阀 Download PDF

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CN101646887B
CN101646887B CN2007800289490A CN200780028949A CN101646887B CN 101646887 B CN101646887 B CN 101646887B CN 2007800289490 A CN2007800289490 A CN 2007800289490A CN 200780028949 A CN200780028949 A CN 200780028949A CN 101646887 B CN101646887 B CN 101646887B
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fluid passage
fluid
valve
housing
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CN101646887A (zh
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布赖恩·T·哈特曼
托马斯·A·哈特曼
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Shanghai Guanlong valve energy saving equipment Co., Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/12Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with streamlined valve member around which the fluid flows when the valve is opened
    • F16K1/123Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with streamlined valve member around which the fluid flows when the valve is opened with stationary valve member and moving sleeve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/22Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution
    • F16K3/24Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members
    • F16K3/26Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members with fluid passages in the valve member
    • F16K3/265Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with sealing faces shaped as surfaces of solids of revolution with cylindrical valve members with fluid passages in the valve member with a sleeve sliding in the direction of the flow line
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/3367Larner-Johnson type valves; i.e., telescoping internal valve in expanded flow line section

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Sliding Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种套筒阀,包括导管、门和关断构件。所述导管和所述关断构件相对于彼此固定就位。所述门相对于所述关断构件在打开位置和闭合位置之间移动。当所述门处于闭合位置时,所述门啮合所述关断构件,以阻止流体流过所述门的流体通道。所述门的打开位置允许流体流过所述阀。所述阀避免了位于所述门的流体通道内、将所述关断构件连接到所述导管的任何结构。

Description

锥件在闭合位置由门下游的装置支撑的固定锥套筒阀
技术领域
本发明一般涉及压头损失较小的流动控制阀。更特别地说,本发明涉及固定锥套筒阀。
背景技术
套筒阀已经用于在工业管道系统、液压动力设施、农业设施、用水和污水分布系统以及工业管道系统中控制流体流速和静压头。由于套筒阀能在不具有抵抗供应给阀的流体静压头工作的阀运动部件的情况下操作,所以经常会用到套筒阀。固定锥套筒阀的示例在2001年10月2日授权的题为“Arm-Driven Sleeve Valve With CentralizedDrive Mechanism”的美国专利6,296,009中有说明,该专利全文通过引用包含在本文中。传统支臂从动套筒阀通常包括管状入口导管、管状门和锥形关断构件。通常关断构件经由多个肋刚性连接到入口导管,所述肋延伸到入口导管的流体通道内。所述门通常以伸缩方式在入口导管范围内线性移动,并使得该门能啮合所述关断构件以阻止流体通过所述阀。
虽然这种固定锥套筒阀已经证明非常有用,但是仍然存在与这种阀相关的问题。一个问题在于,将关断构件固紧到入口导管的肋阻碍入口导管内的流体通道,从而轻微限制经过所述阀的流动。可以理解,这样降低了阀的总体效率。
此外,可以理解,肋必须相对具有刚性,因为它们必须传递作用在关断构件上的强大载荷,因为静压头压靠入口导管的壁。当阀闭合且入口导管的流体通道承受数百磅每平方英寸的静压头时,肋的刚性抵抗入口导管的周边应变膨胀。因此,所述肋导致入口导管在非均匀的载荷下发生变形,从而形成额外的应力,导致肋与入口导管的壁之间的连接部发生疲劳。而且,这种传统固定锥套筒阀的另一项缺陷在于,残渣诸如树藤和树枝可能与将关断构件固紧到入口导管的肋缠绕。除了这种导致进一步限制经过阀的流体通道的残渣之外,在一些情况下,这些残渣可能阻碍阀正常发挥作用。这是因为这些缠绕在肋上的残渣通常在门与关断构件之间延伸,从而阻碍门返回到抵靠关断构件的闭合位置。如果发生这种情况,可能需要花时间并且花钱将所述阀从流体源隔离,以清洁阀中的残渣。
发明内容
本发明克服了与现有技术中的固定锥套筒阀相关的众多缺陷。一般来说,根据本发明的套筒阀免除了直接将关断构件连接到入口导管的肋,从而避免了与其相关的问题。
在本发明的第一方面,阀包括导管、门和关断构件。导管和关断构件相对于彼此固定就位。导管具有贯穿延伸的流体通道。门具有贯穿延伸的流体通道,并可以相对于关断构件在打开位置和闭合位置之间移动。导管至少一部分可滑动地接收在门的流体通道内。当门处于打开位置和闭合位置时,导管的流体通道与门的流体通道流体连通。当门处于闭合位置时,门与关断构件啮合,以防止流体流过门的流体通道。门的打开位置允许流体流过门的流体通道。所述阀避免了门流体通道中将关断构件连接导管的任何结构。
在本发明的另一方面,阀包括导管、门和关断构件。导管具有贯穿延伸的流体通道。门具有贯穿延伸的流体通道,并可以相对于关断构件在打开位置和闭合位置之间移动。导管和关断构件借助位于门流体通道外部的结构相对于彼此刚性固定就位。导管至少一部分可滑动地接收在门流体通道中。当门处于打开位置和闭合位置时,导管流体通道与门流体通道流体连通。当门处于闭合位置时,门与关断构件啮合,以阻止流体流过门的流体通道。门的打开位置允许流体流过门流体通道。
附图说明
虽然本发明的主要优势和特征已经在上面叙述,但是通过参照附图以及优选实施方式的详细说明,可以得到对本发明更为全面和深入的理解,其中:
图1是根据本发明的阀的优选实施方式沿着门的中轴线切开的截面图,且示出了门处于打开位置;
图2是与图1所示的阀类似的截面图,但是门处于闭合位置;
图3是与图1和2所示的阀类似的另一幅截面图,但是门处于中间位置;
图4是图1-3所示的阀的右侧视图;
图5是图1-4所示的阀的左侧视图;
文字说明中的附图标记始终指代附图所示的对应元件。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的阀的优选实施方式在图1-5中示出,并由附图标记10指代。阀10优选包括导管12、门14、关断构件16、壳体18、多个肋20、多个导向构件22和促动机构24。
导管12包括流体通道26,该通道优选用作流体进入阀10的入口。优选导管12的流体通道26随着靠近导管下游端部28而基本上呈柱状。类似地,导管12的外表面30优选随着靠近导管的下游端部28而呈柱状。导管12的上游端部包括喇叭形开口32(如图所示),该开口可以与水体直接连通,或者可以连接到其他将流体输送到阀10内的导管(未示出)。
门14优选基本上呈柱状管形式,包括流体通道34,该通道34在门相对的上下游端部36、38之间延伸。门14优选滑动连接到导管12的下游端部28,以使门的内表面40啮合导管的外表面30,以使门可以沿着其中轴线相对于导管往复线性滑动。门14的内表面40和导管12的外表面之间的啮合部优选形成环状不透水的密封件,防止水通过所述表面之间。
关断构件16优选具有锥形上游表面42,该上游表面包括环状密封部分44。上游表面42的锥形形状为关断构件16提供了足够的刚性,以承受1000英尺或更大的水压头,且偏转最小,并且有利于水通过阀14相对光滑地引导。
壳体18优选包括内腔体46,该内腔体包括基本上为柱状的部分,其形成下游流体通道,允许流体从所述阀排出。门14和关断构件16优选定位在壳体18的内腔体46中。此外,壳体18优选刚性连接到门14上游的导管12。
优选有3个由钢板形成的肋20位于壳体18的内腔体46中。优选,肋20沿着由门14限定的中轴线彼此接合,并基本上从此径向向外延伸。肋20基本上围绕门14的中轴线圆周均匀分布,并焊接到壳体18和关断构件16,从而将关断构件16相对于导管12固定就位。大型凹口50优选穿过肋20的上游边缘52延伸。如图所示,每个肋优选略微倾斜,以使其相对的平表面54与相对于由门14限定的中轴线成锐角取向的平面平行。
导向构件22也优选各自由钢板形成,并优选焊接到关断构件16的上游表面42并从其延伸。优选,每个导向构件22相对的平表面56取向平行于由门14限定的中轴线,而且折角成不平行于中轴线的径向方向。导向构件22各自具有引导边缘或上游边缘58和接触边缘60。导向构件22的上游边缘58随着其从由门14限定的中轴线径向背离而沿着基本上朝向下游的方向倾斜。导向构件22的接触边缘60优选从中轴线径向隔开一定的距离,以使导向构件能与门14的内表面40滑动啮合。
促动机构24包括轴62和成对的摆臂64。摆臂64可以如图所示那样分开,也可以是如美国专利6,296,009中所述的叉骨形配置。摆臂64旋转固定到轴62,而该轴枢转连接到壳体18。摆臂也枢转连接到门14。促动机构24优选为传统类型的促动机构,其中轴62受到驱动以围绕其轴线相对于壳体18枢转,以使摆臂64围绕该轴的轴线摆动,从而线性往复移动门14。
在操作中,可以经由促动机构24相对于导管12和关断构件16在图1所示的打开位置和图2所示的闭合位置之间线性往复移动阀10的门14。在所述打开位置,门14从关断构件16脱开,导管12的流体通道26内的流体自由流动到壳体18下游的流体通道48中。假设在阀10两侧存在压力差,则流体将从导管12的流体通道26流入壳体18下游流体通道48,并最终流出该阀。
流体通过所述阀时,也通过门14的流体通道34以及肋20之间的间隙。导向构件22的取向用于在经过导向构件之间的流体上形成围绕中轴线的旋转流动,以使这种流动从中轴线径向离开。类似地,肋20的取向用于在经过肋之间的流体上形成围绕中轴线的旋转流动,以使这种流动相对于中轴线轴向移动。正如本领域技术人员所知,这种旋转流动(应该包括以漩涡方式移动的旋转流动)对于任意给定压力差而言,增大通过该开放阀的流体的流速。
应该理解,壳体18的下游流体通道48的截面积显著大于导管12的流体通道26。因此,肋20存在于壳体18的下游流体通道48中,并不对经过阀10的流动形成阻碍。与此相对照,正如现有技术的阀在大多数情况下那样,在导管12或门14的流体通道26、34中存在将关断构件6直接接合到导管12的肋,限制了经过阀的流体流动。还应该理解,存在将关断构件16直接接合到导管12的肋,通过防止门14闭合,消除了残渣缠绕在所述肋上并妨碍所述阀的操作的可能性。
当门14处于闭合位置时,门的下游端部28啮合关断构件16的环形密封部分44,从而防止导管12的流体通道26和壳体18的流体通道48之间流体连通。因此,在门14处于闭合位置时,流体不能通过所述阀10。应该理解,当阀处于闭合位置时,数百英镑每英寸的巨大压力差存在于导管12的流体通道26和壳体18的内腔体46之间,并且不存在将关断构件16直接接合到导管的肋,允许所述导管在这种应力下以均匀方式圆周膨胀。因此,将导管接合到关断构件的肋的缺失,消除了可能导致导管以及导管与肋之间的连接部疲劳的不受欢迎的应力立管(stress riser)。
门14最初离开闭合位置时,导向构件22保持与门14的内表面啮合,直到门到达如图3所示的中间位置。门14到达中间位置之后,门进一步离开闭合位置将导致门从导向构件22分开。当阀10仅局部打开时,通过啮合所述门14,导向构件22使所述门径向稳定,防止因经过门14下游端部38和关断构件16之间的相对狭窄的开口的非均匀流动导致有害的门径向振动。还应该理解,当门14介于中间位置和打开位置之间时,门的下游端部38从关断构件16隔开的距离足够大,以避免形成所述振动。此外,应该理解,当门处于闭合位置和中间位置之间时,残渣有可能缠绕在导向构件22上,因为经过所述阀10的全部流动接着必须经过所述导向构件之间。但是,通过向着打开位置移动所述门足够超过中间位置,任何这种残渣都可以自动从导向构件22脱落。导向构件22上游边缘58的倾斜性质有利于残渣的这种脱落。
除了本发明的上述方面之外,应该理解,优选实施方式的阀10可以包括进入端口,该端口允许门14处于闭合位置时,工人可以进入所述阀。因此,缠绕在阀10的肋20上的任何残渣容易从所述阀上去掉,而不用将所述阀从流体源上切断。还应该理解,肋20的配置,特别是其中的凹口50,允许阀10在关断构件16下游适配柱状或锥状速度破碎器(shredder)(未示出)。
虽然已经参照具体实施方式说明了本发明,但是根据前述内容,应该明白,所有包含在上述说明中或示于附图中的内容均应理解为说明而非限制的意思,并且可以在不背离权利要求书所限定的本发明范围的条件下,构造许多变型方案和改动方案。因此,应该明白其他可能的变型方案和改动方案。
此外,应该理解,在权利要求书以及以上本发明优选实施方式的说明中引入元件时,术语“包括”、“包含”和“具有”旨在表示开放的意思,并且表示还可能存在除所列出的元件之外的其他元件。同样,“部分”应该理解为其所描述的项目或元件的一些或全部。

Claims (14)

1.一种阀,包括导管、门、壳体和关断构件,所述导管和所述关断构件相对于彼此固定就位,所述导管具有贯穿延伸的流体通道,所述门具有贯穿延伸的流体通道且相对于所述关断构件在打开位置和闭合位置之间移动,所述导管至少一部分可滑动地接收在所述门的流体通道中,当所述门处于打开位置和所述门处于闭合位置时,所述导管的流体通道与所述门的流体通道流体连通,当所述门处于闭合位置时,所述门与所述关断构件啮合,以阻止流体流过所述门的流体通道,所述门的打开位置允许流体流过所述门的流体通道,所述壳体具有腔体,所述腔体内形成有所述壳体的流体通道,所述门和所述关断构件位于所述壳体的所述腔体中,且所述壳体刚性连接到所述导管和所述关断构件,所述阀避免了所述门的流体通道中存在将所述关断构件连接到所述导管的任何结构,所述门的流体通道具有中轴线,所述门沿着该中轴线在打开位置和闭合位置之间线性移动,所述门具有位于所述打开位置和所述闭合位置之间的中间位置,所述阀进一步包括从所述关断构件向所述导管延伸的导向构件,当所述门处于所述闭合位置和所述中间位置之间时,每个导向构件配置并适配成通过从所述门的流体通道内啮合所述门来限制所述门相对于所述中轴线径向移动,并且所述导向构件彼此间隔开,以允许在所述门处于除所述闭合位置之外的任何位置时,流体流过所述门的流体通道。
2.如权利要求1所述的阀,其特征在于,所述壳体的所述腔体位于所述导管、所述门和所述关断构件外部的至少一部分构成所述壳体的流体通道,当所述门处于打开位置时,所述壳体的流体通道与所述门的流体通道流体连通,当所述门处于闭合位置时,阻止所述壳体的流体通道与所述门的流体通道之间的流体连通,所述阀配置并适配成当所述门处于打开位置时,允许流体经由所述导管的流体通道、所述门的流体通道和所述壳体的流体通道经过,且所述阀配置并适配成当所述门处于闭合位置时,阻止流体经过。
3.如权利要求2所述的阀,其特征在于,所述阀进一步包括位于所述壳体的所述腔体内的多个肋,每个肋相对于所述中轴线从所述关断构件向所述壳体径向延伸,所述肋将所述关断构件刚性连接到所述壳体,且所述壳体的流体通道在至少两个肋之间延伸。
4.如权利要求3所述的阀,其特征在于,当门处于打开位置且流体经过所述阀时,所述肋的取向为在经过所述肋之间流体上形成围绕所述中轴线的旋转流动。
5.如权利要求1所述的阀,其特征在于,当所述门处于所述中间位置且流体流过所述阀时,所述导向构件取向为在流过所述导向构件之间的流体上形成围绕所述中轴线的旋转流动。
6.如权利要求3所述的阀,其特征在于,所述导向构件和所述肋取向为在经过所述壳体的流体通道的流体上形成围绕所述中轴线的旋转流动。
7.如权利要求1所述的阀,其特征在于,所述关断构件具有锥形表面,并且当所述门处于闭合位置时,延伸到所述门的流体通道中。
8.一种阀,包括导管、门、壳体和关断构件,所述导管具有贯穿延伸的流体通道,所述门具有贯穿延伸的流体通道且相对于所述关断构件在打开位置和闭合位置之间移动,所述导管和所述关断构件借助位于所述门的流体通道外部的结构相对于彼此刚性固定就位,所述导管至少一部分可滑动地接收在所述门的流体通道中,当所述门处于打开位置和所述门处于闭合位置时,所述导管的流体通道与所述门的流体通道流体连通,当所述门处于闭合位置时,所述门与所述关断构件啮合,以阻止流体流过所述门的流体通道,所述门的打开位置允许流体流过所述门的流体通道,所述壳体具有腔体,所述腔体内形成有所述壳体的流体通道,所述门和所述关断构件位于所述壳体的所述腔体中,且所述壳体刚性连接到所述导管和所述关断构件,所述门的流体通道具有中轴线,所述门沿着该中轴线在打开位置和闭合位置之间线性移动,所述门具有位于所述打开位置和所述闭合位置之间的中间位置,所述阀进一步包括从所述关断构件向所述导管延伸的导向构件,当所述门处于所述闭合位置和所述中间位置之间时,每个导向构件配置并适配成通过从所述门的流体通道内啮合所述门来限制所述门相对于所述中轴线径向移动,并且所述导向构件彼此间隔开,以允许在所述门处于除所述闭合位置之外的任何位置时,流体流过所述门的流体通道。
9.如权利要求8所述的阀,其特征在于,所述壳体的所述腔体位于所述导管、所述门和所述关断构件外部的至少一部分构成所述壳体的流体通道,当所述门处于打开位置时,所述壳体的流体通道与所述门的流体通道流体连通,当所述门处于闭合位置时,阻止所述壳体的流体通道与所述门的流体通道之间的流体连通,所述阀配置并适配成当所述门处于打开位置时,允许流体经由所述导管的流体通道、所述门的流体通道和所述壳体的流体通道经过,且所述阀配置并适配成当所述门处于闭合位置时,阻止流体经过。
10.如权利要求9所述的阀,其特征在于,所述阀进一步包括位于所述壳体的所述腔体内的多个肋,每个肋相对于所述中轴线从所述关断构件向所述壳体径向延伸,所述肋将所述关断构件刚性连接到所述壳体,且所述壳体的流体通道在至少两个肋之间延伸。
11.如权利要求10所述的阀,其特征在于,当门处于打开位置且流体经过所述阀时,所述肋的取向为在经过所述肋之间的流体上形成围绕所述中轴线的旋转流动。
12.如权利要求8所述的阀,其特征在于,当所述门处于所述中间位置且流体流过所述阀时,所述导向构件取向为在流过所述导向构件之间的流体上形成围绕所述中轴线的旋转流动。
13.如权利要求10所述的阀,其特征在于,所述导向构件和所述肋的取向为在经过所述壳体的流体通道的流体上形成围绕所述中轴线的旋转流动。
14.如权利要求8所述的阀,其特征在于,所述关断构件具有锥形表面,并且当所述门处于闭合位置时,延伸到所述门的流体通道中。
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