CN101639344A - Linear measurement apparatus - Google Patents

Linear measurement apparatus Download PDF

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CN101639344A
CN101639344A CN200910165391A CN200910165391A CN101639344A CN 101639344 A CN101639344 A CN 101639344A CN 200910165391 A CN200910165391 A CN 200910165391A CN 200910165391 A CN200910165391 A CN 200910165391A CN 101639344 A CN101639344 A CN 101639344A
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sensor
testee
measuring assembly
distance
linear measuring
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Chinese (zh)
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酒井良雄
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Tanita Corp
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Tanita Corp
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Abstract

The present invention provides a linear measurement apparatus, which includes a measuring unit including at least one first noncontact distance measuring sensor and one second noncontact distance measuring sensor supported at a frame and aligned on opposite sides of a measured object. The measuring unit measures a plurality of first gap distances to a plurality of first object positions in a plurality of parallel first measurement lines and a plurality of second gap distances to a plurality of second object positions in a plurality of parallel second measurement lines. A distance calculator calculates a plurality of candidate object lengths on the basis of the first and second gap distances, each candidate object length being a distance between one of the first object positions and one ofthe second object positions. A maximum selector selects a maximum object length from among the plurality of candidate object lengths.

Description

Linear measuring assembly
The application is that the original bill application number is 200710109167.1 the application for a patent for invention (applying date: on June 14th, 2007, denomination of invention: dividing an application linear measuring assembly).
Invention field
The present invention relates to be used for the linear measuring assembly of Measuring Object size.
Correlation technique
Conventionally, use contact type measurement instrument to come the size of Measuring Object easily such as tape measure and vernier caliper.Yet, if but testee is deformation, the contact measurement instrument may cause the deformation of testee, thereby may cause measuring error.Deformation quantity is difference according to putting on the intensity of force of testee, and is difficult to compensate such measuring error.
At the industrial measurement mechanism that used with contactless range observation device (for example optical displacement sensor).For example, in each application in Japanese patent application JP-9-273912 (1997 open) and JP 2004-294368 (2004 open), the measurer for thickness that can be used to the plant produced line is disclosed.This measurer for thickness comprises a pair of separated optical displacement sensor of arranging along the transfer path of sheet material.Sheet material or sheet material are transmitted one by one by the gap between the described sensor, and the distance between each sensor measurement sensor itself and the current mobile material.Based on the measurement that sensor carries out, determine the thickness of material.A kind of similar device is disclosed in http://www.ncsfox.co.jp/product/dn/laser_c.html (Nittetsu Hokkaido ControlSystems Co.).Yet these conventional non-contact measurement apparatus have been designed to only be used to measure the object with simple profile, uniform thickness.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the invention provides a kind of linear measuring assembly of size that can have the non-homogeneous object of complex outline with non-contact mode measuring.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of linear measuring assembly, this linear measuring assembly comprises: can be disposed in testee framework on every side; Measuring unit, it comprises at least one pair of the contactless distance measurement sensor that is supported on the described framework, described contactless distance measurement sensor is to comprising the first contactless distance measurement sensor and the second contactless distance measurement sensor, each sensor emission light, reception is from the light of testee reflection, and generate and the corresponding signal of the distance from respective sensor to described testee, described first and second sensors are arranged in described framework, the opposite side of described testee, described first sensor is measured described first sensor and first clearance distance of described testee between first object space on first slotted line, described second sensor of described second sensor measurement and second clearance distance of described testee between second object space on second slotted line, described second slotted line is parallel to or is equal to described first slotted line, described measuring unit is measured a plurality of first clearance distances of a plurality of first object spaces on many first parallel slotted lines of distance, and a plurality of second clearance distances of a plurality of second object spaces to many second parallel slotted lines, described many second parallel slotted lines are in the plane that is equal to the plane at described many first parallel slotted line places; Distance calculator is used for calculating a plurality of material standed for body lengths based on described a plurality of first and second clearance distances, and each material standed for body length is the distance between in described a plurality of first object space one and described a plurality of second object space one; And maximum-value selector, be used for selecting largest object length from described a plurality of material standed for body lengths.By this structure, described linear measuring assembly can have the size of the non-homogeneous object to be measured of complex outline with non-contact mode measuring under the situation that does not make the deformation of object under test generator.
In instructions and claim, term " object length " or " testee length " mean any one limit of testee, and no matter its " width ", " fabric width ", " degree of depth ", " thickness " that is called testee naturally still is " highly ".In other words, any one in the above-mentioned term of term " object length " or " testee length " representative.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: driving mechanism, be used for moving the described first and second contactless distance measurement sensors with respect to described framework respectively, wherein said first sensor is measured described a plurality of first clearance distances of described a plurality of first object spaces on described many first parallel slotted lines of distance, each first clearance distance is the sensing station of described first sensor and the distance between described first object space on the described testee, and described a plurality of second clearance distances of described a plurality of second object spaces on described many second parallel slotted lines of wherein said second sensor measurement distance, each second clearance distance is the sensing station of described second sensor and the distance between described second object space on the described testee.In this embodiment, each single-sensor can be measured a plurality of clearance distances.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: the boundary detecting device, and whether at least one that is used for determining the described first and second contactless distance measurement sensors has reached the mobile boundary of respective sensor; And the measurement terminator, be used for having detected the clearance distance that stops described respective sensor measurement correspondence when described respective sensor has reached described boundary at described boundary detecting device.In this embodiment, when having reached described mobile boundary, described sensor can stop measurement to described clearance distance.
In another embodiment, described contactless distance measurement sensor is to being fixedly supported in by this way on the described framework, and promptly described first sensor is measured described first slotted line at the described first clearance distance place and described second slotted line at the described second clearance distance place of described second sensor measurement is equal to.In this embodiment, because described sensor is fixed to described framework, therefore described device can easily be made.Although described sensor is fixed to described framework, can they be moved with respect to described testee by moving described framework, make each sensor can measure a plurality of clearance distances.
Described framework is mobile for convenience, and described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: at least one guide is used to guide described framework moving with respect to described testee.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: the end detecting device, and whether at least one that is used for determining the described first and second contactless distance measurement sensors has arrived the end of described testee; And the measurement terminator, be used for having detected and stop described respective sensor when corresponding sensor has arrived the described end of described testee and measure corresponding clearance distance at described end detecting device.In this embodiment, when described sensor has reached the described end of described testee, can stop measurement to described clearance distance.
Preferably, when described corresponding sensor recorded first or second clearance distance greater than a threshold value, described end detecting device determined that described corresponding sensor has arrived the described end of described testee.In this embodiment, the described end of described testee can easily be detected.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: man-machine interface, and operating personnel can indicate by described man-machine interface and start or stop described first and second sensors; Measure starter, be used for having indicated when starting described first and second sensors, start described first and second sensors and measure described first and second clearance distances these operating personnel; And the measurement terminator, be used for having indicated when stopping described first and second sensors these operating personnel, stop described first and second clearance distances of described first and second sensor measurements.In this embodiment, the measurement to described clearance distance can be activated and stop with plain mode.
In an embodiment, described measuring unit can comprise many to described contactless distance measurement sensor, each is to comprising the described first and second contactless distance measurement sensors that are fixedly supported on the described framework, wherein each described first sensor is measured the corresponding first sensor and first clearance distance between first object space on first slotted line of described testee, and second clearance distance between second object space on second slotted line of second sensor of each described second sensor measurement correspondence and described testee wherein, described second slotted line is parallel to or is equal to described first slotted line.In this embodiment, because described sensor is fixed to described framework, therefore described device can easily be made.
Preferably, described framework has the shape of openings at one side, the coupling part that described framework has pair of posts and connects described pillar, and the described first and second contactless distance measurement sensors are supported on respectively on the described pillar.Because one side of described framework is opening, thus this device easily can be arranged in various testees around.This feature advantageous particularly when for example long-term bed person or physical disabilities person being measured.
In an embodiment, it is parallel with described second slotted line at the described second clearance distance place of described second sensor measurement and be not equal to that described first sensor is measured described first slotted line at the described first clearance distance place, and wherein said distance calculator calculates at described first object space on the direction that is parallel to described first and second slotted lines and the parallel body length between described second object space based on described first and second clearance distances, and based on described parallel body length and at one that calculates perpendicular to described first object space on the direction of described first and second slotted lines and the vertical object length between described second object space in a plurality of material standed for body lengths.In this embodiment, although first slotted line is not arranged on the same straight line with second slotted line, this distance calculator can come the calculated candidate object length with vertical object length based on described parallel body length.Can use this embodiment as follows: with one in first and second sensors fixing, and another is moved, and calculates a plurality of material standed for body lengths between fixed object position and the variable body position.Can also use this embodiment as follows: calculate material standed for body length between first object space and a plurality of second object space based on first clearance distance and a plurality of second clearance distance, and repeat this calculating at other first clearance distances.
In another embodiment, described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: angle computer, be used for based in the distance between described first sensor on the first direction and described second sensor with perpendicular to the distance between described first sensor on the second direction of described first direction and described second sensor, calculate straight line between the described first contactless distance measurement sensor and the described second contactless distance measurement sensor with respect to the angle of described framework; And a plurality of sensor angle demodulators, be respectively applied for the angle of regulating one slotted line in described first and second sensors based on described angle, described first slotted line that makes described first sensor measure the described first clearance distance place is equal to described second slotted line at the described second clearance distance place of described second sensor measurement.In this embodiment, described a plurality of sensor angle demodulator is regulated each described angle in described first and second sensors aiming at the described direction of described first and second clearance distances, thereby described distance calculator can accurately calculate at described first object space on the same line between described first and second sensors and the material standed for body length between described second object space.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: frame size governor motion, the size that is used to make it possible to regulate described framework.In this embodiment, can measure testee with various sizes.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: be positioned at the reference light transmitter at described framework place, be used for reference light is shone described testee, so that dispose described linear measuring assembly with respect to the reference position of described testee.In this embodiment, described reference light can help to dispose (i.e. location) described device.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: framework rake adjustment mechanism is used to make it possible to regulate with respect to described testee the inclination of described framework.In this embodiment, can measure along various dip plane.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: display is used to show described largest object length; And display controller, be used to control described display, make described display keep shown described largest object length a period of time.In this embodiment, because described display at least temporarily keeps described shown described largest object length, so operating personnel can easily confirm the value of this demonstration after measurement is finished, even and sensor accidental moving after measurement is finished, also can avoid the change of shown image.
Described linear measuring assembly also comprises: display; And display controller, be used to control described display, thereby the cross section of the described testee that will be limited by described first object space and described second object space based on described first clearance distance that records at described measuring unit place and described second clearance distance is shown as two dimensional image.In this embodiment, even cross section (being the profile of testee) is complicated, operating personnel also can easily identify this cross section immediately.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: the additional measuring unit that comprises the 3rd contactless distance measurement sensor at least, described the 3rd sensor is supported on the described framework, described the 3rd sensor emission light, reception is from the light of any object reflection of described the 3rd sensor front side, and generate and from described the 3rd sensor to the corresponding signal of the distance of any object of described the 3rd sensor front side, thereby the third space distance of described the 3rd sensor measurement between the measured position on described the 3rd sensor and the 3rd slotted line, described additional measuring unit is measured a plurality of third space distances of a plurality of measured positions on many 3rd parallel slotted lines of distance, and described many 3rd parallel slotted lines are in the plane that is equal to the plane at described many first parallel slotted lines and described many second parallel slotted line places; Testee end detecting device is used for first end and second end based on the described testee of described a plurality of third space distance detecting; And length computation device, be used to calculate length at described first end and the described testee between described second end of described testee, wherein replace or be additional to from described a plurality of material standed for body lengths selecting maximal value, described maximum-value selector is selected described largest object length from the described length of described testee and described a plurality of material standed for body length.In this embodiment, except that the material standed for body length, also use first end of testee and the length between second end (being spacing), improve measuring accuracy thus as the candidate value of described largest object length.
According to a further aspect in the invention, provide a kind of linear measuring assembly, this linear measuring assembly comprises: can be disposed near the supporter of testee; Measuring unit, this measuring unit comprises at least one the contactless distance measurement sensor that is supported on the described supporter, described sensor emission light, reception are from the light of any object reflection of described sensor front side and the corresponding signal of distance of generation and any object from described sensor to described sensor front side, make clearance distance between the measured position on described sensor of described sensor measurement and the slotted line, described measuring unit measure a plurality of clearance distances of a plurality of measured positions on many parallel slotted lines; Testee end detecting device is used for detecting based on each amount of described a plurality of clearance distances first end and second end of described testee; And the length computation device, be used to calculate length at described first end and the described testee between described second end of described testee.By such structure, described linear measuring assembly can have the size of the non-homogeneous testee of complex outline with non-contacting mode measurement under the situation that does not make testee generation deformation.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: driving mechanism is used for moving described contactless distance measurement sensor with respect to described supporter a plurality of clearance distances of a plurality of measured positions on many parallel slotted lines of wherein said sensor measurement distance.In this embodiment, single-sensor can be measured a plurality of clearance distances.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: measure terminator, be used for having detected when described sensor has reached described second end of described testee through described sensor after described first end of described testee, stop the described clearance distance of described sensor measurement when described testee end detecting device.In this embodiment, can when having arrived second end of described testee, described sensor stop measurement to described clearance distance.
Preferably, when described sensor records less than the clearance distance of a threshold value or output error signal, described testee end detecting device determines that described sensor has arrived described first end of described testee, and wherein, when described sensor recorded greater than the clearance distance of a threshold value or output error signal, described testee end detecting device determined that described sensor has arrived described second end of described testee.Can easily detect the end of testee in this embodiment.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: man-machine interface, and operating personnel indicate by described man-machine interface and start or stop described sensor; Measure starter, be used for when these operating personnel have indicated the described sensor of startup, starting described sensor and measuring described clearance distance; And the measurement terminator, be used for having indicated when stopping described sensor these operating personnel, stop the described clearance distance of described sensor measurement.In this embodiment, can manually start or stop measurement in simple mode clearance distance.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: supporter size adjustment mechanism, the size that is used to make it possible to regulate described supporter.In this embodiment, can measure object with various sizes.
In another embodiment, described measuring unit can comprise: be fixedly supported in a plurality of described contactless distance measurement sensor on the described supporter, be used for measuring respectively a plurality of clearance distances of a plurality of measured positions on many parallel slotted lines of distance.In this embodiment, because sensor is fixed to supporter, so can easily make this device.
Preferably, described supporter has the shape of openings at one side, the coupling part that described supporter has pair of posts and connects described pillar, and described contactless distance measurement sensor is supported on the described coupling part.Because one side of supporter is opening, thus described device can be easily positioned on various testees around.This feature is especially favourable when measuring long-term bed person or physical disabilities person.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: be positioned at the reference light transmitter at described supporter place, be used for reference light is shone described testee, so that dispose described linear measuring assembly with respect to the reference position of described testee.In this embodiment, reference light can help to dispose (i.e. location) described device.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: supporter rake adjustment mechanism is used to make it possible to regulate with respect to described testee the inclination of described supporter.In this embodiment, can measure along various dip plane.
Described linear measuring assembly can also comprise: display is used to show the described length of described testee; And display controller, be used to control described display, make described display keep described length a period of time of shown described testee.In this embodiment, because display at least temporarily keeps the length of shown described testee, so operating personnel can easily confirm the value of this demonstration after measurement is finished, even and sensor accidental moving after measurement is finished, the change of shown image also can be avoided.
This linear measuring assembly can also comprise: display; And display controller, be used to control described display, make described measured position to be shown as two dimensional image based on the described clearance distance that records at described measuring unit place.In this embodiment, even the cross section of testee is complicated, operating personnel also can easily identify the general profile of this testee.
Description of drawings
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing various embodiment of the present invention is described.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the stereographic map according to the linear measuring assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the front view of the linear measuring assembly among the Fig. 1 that is provided with respect to testee;
Fig. 3 is the front view of the linear measuring assembly in Fig. 1 of measuring distance just;
Fig. 4 is the block diagram that the ingredient of the linear measuring assembly among Fig. 1 is shown;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram that uses and operate that the linear measuring assembly among Fig. 1 is shown;
Fig. 6 is according to the front view of alternative embodiment, the linear measuring assembly that has been provided with respect to testee;
Fig. 7 is just raised and the front view of the linear measuring assembly in Fig. 6 of measuring distance just;
Fig. 8 is according to the front view of the linear measuring assembly that improves embodiment, has been provided with respect to testee;
Fig. 9 is the front view of the linear measuring assembly in Fig. 8 of measuring distance just;
Figure 10 is according to the front view of second embodiment, the linear measuring assembly that has been provided with respect to testee;
Figure 11 is the block diagram that the ingredient of the linear measuring assembly among Figure 10 is shown;
Figure 12 is the process flow diagram that uses and operate that the linear measuring assembly among Figure 10 is shown;
Figure 13 is according to the front view of another variant embodiment, the linear measuring assembly that has been provided with respect to testee;
Figure 14 is according to the front view of another variant embodiment, the linear measuring assembly that has been provided with respect to testee;
Figure 15 is the front view according to the linear measuring assembly of the 3rd embodiment;
Figure 16 is the front view of the linear measuring assembly among Figure 15, and wherein sensor is in the another location;
Figure 17 is the block diagram that the ingredient of the linear measuring assembly among Figure 16 is shown;
Figure 18 A and 18B form the process flow diagram that uses and operate that the linear measuring assembly among Figure 16 is shown;
Figure 19 is the front view according to the linear measuring assembly of another alternative embodiment;
Figure 20 is the basis front view of the linear measuring assembly of an alternative embodiment again;
Figure 21 is the basis front view of the linear measuring assembly of an alternative embodiment again;
Figure 22 is the front view according to the linear measuring assembly of modified example, and combination therein has the 3rd embodiment shown in first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to 4 and Figure 15 to 17;
Figure 23 is the front view according to the linear measuring assembly of another modified example, and combination therein has the alternative embodiment shown in second embodiment shown in Figure 10 and Figure 21;
Figure 24 is the front view according to the linear measuring assembly of another modified example;
Figure 25 is the linear measuring assembly front view in another case among Figure 24;
Figure 26 is the front view according to the linear measuring assembly of another modified example;
Figure 27 is the backplan of the linear measuring assembly among Figure 26;
Figure 28 is the side view according to the linear measuring assembly of another modified example;
Figure 29 is the diagram that be presented at two dimensional image display on of expression according to first and second embodiment; And
Figure 30 is the diagram that be presented at two dimensional image display on of expression according to the 3rd embodiment.
Embodiment
First embodiment
As shown in Fig. 1 to 3, comprise supporter according to the linear measuring assembly 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention, described supporter is the portable frame 14 that can be arranged at around the testee 15.In this embodiment, testee 15 is the human bodies that lie on floor or the bed 16, but also can measure any other suitable object.
Framework 14 has general rectangular shape, Yi Bian wherein be opening.More particularly, framework 14 has: a pair of parallel strut 3a and the 3b that stands vertically on bed 16; And connecting part 2, the two ends of described coupling part 2 are connected to pillar 3a and 3b.By the opening edge of framework 14, device 1 can be easily positioned on around the various testees.This feature is especially favourable when testee 15 person that is the long-term bed or physical disabilities person.
The control stand of linear measuring assembly 1 is arranged on the coupling part 2.This control stand comprises: display 4 is used to operating personnel's display operation guide, measurement result or other information; And man-machine interface 5, described man-machine interface 5 comprises at least a in button and the switch, can provide instruction for example to switch on or starts measurement to this device by the described at least a operating personnel in button and the switch.2 inside provides circuit to control linear measuring assembly 1 in the coupling part, will describe described circuit afterwards.
Linear measuring assembly 1 also comprises measuring unit, is used for the largest object length L max shown in the drawing for estimate 2.Measuring unit comprises a pair of contactless distance measurement sensor (i.e. first and second sensor 6a and the 6b), and described first and second sensor 6a and 6b are supported in respectively on the pillar 3a and 3b of framework.The arrange opposite side of the testee 15 in framework 14 of first and second sensors.Each sensor is an optical distance sensor, and this optical distance sensor has the optical transmitting set that is used for flatly launching light beam (this light beam for example is (but being not limited to) infrared beam) and is used to receive the light of any object (for example testee 15) reflection from the sensor front side and generates optical receiver with the corresponding signal of distance of any object from respective sensor to this sensor front side.Therefore, the clearance distance between any object of each sensor measurement respective sensor and this sensor front side.
In Fig. 1 and 2, arrow LA and LB representative are from sensor 6a and the horizontal emitted light beams of 6b.In state shown in Figure 2, first sensor 6a measures the first clearance distance DA between first object space on first sensor 6a and the testee 15 and that the first horizontal survey line (from the light path of the light beam of sensor 6a) is crossing, and the second sensor 6b measures the second clearance distance DB between second object space on the second sensor 6b and the testee 15 and that the second horizontal survey line (from the light path of the light beam of sensor 6b) is crossing.As shown in figs. 1 and 2, first and second slotted lines are equal to.
Driving mechanism 7a and 7b are arranged at pillar 3a and 3b place respectively, are respectively applied for the first and second contactless distance measurement sensor 6a and 6b are vertically moved a scope with respect to framework 14.For example, each driving mechanism comprises the endless belt that is installed on the pulley that is driven by whirligig (for example step-by-step motor), and corresponding sensor 6a or 6b are attached on this endless belt.What replace is to use other suitable driving mechanisms well known by persons skilled in the art.Describe as the dotted line among Fig. 3,, on same vertical plane, the first and second sensor 6a and 6b are synchronously raise or reduce along pillar 3a and 3b by driving mechanism 7a and 7b.
During first sensor 6a vertical moving, a plurality of first clearance distance DA1 of a plurality of first (left side) object space on many first parallel, horizontal slotted lines on the same vertical plane of first sensor 6a measurement distance are to DA4, and each first clearance distance is the distance between the sensing station of first sensor 6a and first (left side) object space on the testee 15.When the second sensor 6b vertical moving, the second sensor 6b measures the second clearance distance DB1 of a plurality of second (right side) object space on many second parallel, horizontal slotted lines on the same vertical plane that is equal to apart from the plane with the first slotted line place to DB4, and respectively second clearance distance is the distance between the sensing station of the second sensor 6b and second (right side) object space on the testee 15.Therefore, although measuring unit only has two sensors, each single-sensor can be measured apart from a plurality of clearance distances of a plurality of object spaces of testee 15 on many parallel horizontal lines.In Fig. 3, for carry out example view the first clearance distance DA1 to DA4 and the second clearance distance DB1 to DB4, but should be appreciated that the quantity of clearance distance is not limited to the quantity among the illustrated embodiment.
Although sensor 6a and 6b are moved, because support that pillar 3a is parallel with 3b, so the interval of the horizontal range on the horizontal direction that is parallel to first and second slotted lines INT remains unchanged between them.Therefore, based on a plurality of first clearance distance DA and the second clearance distance DB and constant interval INT, can estimate a plurality of material standed for body length L, described a plurality of material standed for body lengths are the candidate values at largest object length L max.For example, as clearance distance DA1 and DB1 during at sustained height, candidate's object length equals the value that INT deducts DA1 and DB1.Similarly, another candidate's object length equals the value that INT deducts DA2 and DB2.The 3rd candidate's object length equals the value that INT deducts DA3 and DB3, and the 4th candidate's object length equals the value that INT deducts DA4 and DB4.As will understanding from Fig. 3, each material standed for body length L all is the distances between in one and second (right side) object space in first (left side) object space one.
The maximum among the real above-mentioned no better than a plurality of material standed for body length L of largest object length.This is by installing the general principle that 1 maximum length that realizes is measured.When the vertical range of horizontal survey line reduces at interval, and the quantity of measured gap distance is when increasing, and will improve the precision of the estimation of largest object length L max.
With reference to the block diagram of Fig. 4, will the electrical structure of linear measuring assembly 1 be described.The above mentioned circuit that is positioned at coupling part 2 comprises the microcomputer 8 that is connected with 7b with display 4, man-machine interface 5, sensor 6a and 6b, driving mechanism 7a.Microcomputer 8 is activated by power supply 13, and comprises storer 12 and processor, and described processor comprises controller 9, counter 10 and determinant 11 in the mode of function rather than in the mode of entity.
Controller 9, promptly control device is totally controlled linear measuring assembly 1.Described overall control comprises that control sensor 6a and 6b come measuring distance DA and DB, and the 7a of controlling and driving mechanism and 7b come movable sensor 6a and 6b.
Counter 10 serves as distance calculator, promptly is used for the calculation element that calculates a plurality of material standed for body length L based on the measured a plurality of first and second clearance distance DA of sensor 6a and 6b and DB.
Determinant 11 serves as maximum-value selector, promptly is used for selecting at a plurality of candidates' object length L the maximal value selecting arrangement of largest object length L max.Determinant 11 also serves as the boundary detecting device, and whether at least one that promptly is used for determining the first and second sensor 6a and 6b has reached the boundary pick-up unit of the mobile boundary of respective sensor.In this embodiment, determinant 11 is that each sensor 6a and 6b carry out such boundary detection.Reached mobile boundary if determinant 11 has detected sensor, then controller 9 serves as the measurement terminator, promptly is used to stop the measurement termination device that respective sensor is measured corresponding clearance distance.
Storer 12 is store various kinds of data in advance, for example default value, system's setting and mathematic(al) representation.In addition, determinant 11 determined maximal values are stored in the storer 12.
Controller 9, counter 10 and determinant 11 can be realized with the mode of a plurality of CPU (central processing unit) with entity.Select as another kind, they can use the computer program carried out by single CPU (central processing unit) to realize in the mode of function.
With reference to the process flow diagram shown in Fig. 5, will using and operating of linear measuring assembly 1 be described in more detail.Storer 12 is for good and all stored the computer program that is used to control linear measuring assembly 1.Microcomputer 8 is operated according to this computer program.In the operation in this process flow diagram, the step of being carried out by microcomputer 8 is corresponding to the ingredient of computer program or computer program.Although storer 12 is used as the storage medium that is used for storage computation machine program or program ingredient in this embodiment, can use other storeies or memory device as this storage medium.Semiconductor memory, hard disk, CD, digital universal disc (DVD), floppy disk or other suitable storage mediums can be used to this purpose.
After the power switch of handling man-machine interface 5 was with energising, at step S1 place, operating personnel were so that framework 14 is positioned at the mode of the top of testee 15 that linear measuring assembly 1 is arranged on beds 16.Below be operating as the step that microcomputer 8 is carried out according to described program.
At step S2 place, microcomputer 8 determines whether to press the measurement starting switch of man-machine interface 5.If then process advances to step S3, in step S3 microcomputer 8 initialization total systems.For example, the position of 8 couples of sensor 6a of microcomputer and 6b and the data in the storer 12 are carried out initialization.
After system initialization, at step S4 place, microcomputer 8 serves as controller 9 and comes 7a of controlling and driving mechanism and 7b with synchronous movable sensor 6a and 6b, and is used for activated sensors 6a and 6b to measure or the sample a pair of first clearance distance DA and the second clearance distance DB.
As understanding from process flow diagram, no matter when process returns step S4, and sensor 6a and 6b are moved in synchronization and activate, measuring down a pair of first clearance distance and second clearance distance, thereby with fixed sampling time interval scan testee 15.Among driving mechanism 7a under controller 9 control and the 7b each is with identical speed movable sensor 6a and 6b, thus this move with measure during sensor 6a and 6b are remained on identical height.The translational speed of sensor 6a and 6b multiply by the sampling period and is spaced apart sampled distance at interval (distance of horizontal survey line at interval).For example, when sampled distance be that speed is 0.02 metre per second (m/s) when 1 millimeter and sampling period being 50 milliseconds at interval at interval.
At step S5 place, microcomputer 8 serves as counter 10, is used for that INT and first and second clearance distances that recorded for the last time by sensor 6a and 6b calculate up-to-date material standed for body length L to DA and DB at interval based on above-mentioned horizontal range.
At step S6 place, microcomputer 8 serves as determinant 11, is used for determining whether this up-to-date material standed for body length L is the largest object length L max of this measured section.In this embodiment, the value of largest object length is stored in the storer 12, and determinant 11 determines that whether this up-to-date material standed for body length is greater than the current largest object length that is stored in the storer 12.The default value of the value of the largest object length in the storer 12 is 0.
If up-to-date material standed for body length is bigger, then process advances to step S7, before step S7 place determinant 11 is wiped, be stored in the largest object length in the storer 12, and this up-to-date material standed for body length is stored in the storer 12 as new largest object length.That is the largest object length in the determinant 11 updated stored devices 12.Subsequently, process advances to step S8.On the contrary, if up-to-date material standed for body length is not bigger, then process directly advances to step S8, and the largest object length in the updated stored device 12 not.
At step S8 place, microcomputer 8 serves as determinant 11, is used for determining whether the first and second sensor 6a and 6b have reached their mobile boundary 6L (referring to Fig. 3).For example, come calculating sensor 6a and 6b to reach the required time period of mobile boundary 6L based on movement velocity and the length of sensor 6a and 6b from reference position to mobile boundary 6L.This required time section is stored in the storer 12, and microcomputer 8 has the timer that is used to count from sensor 6a and 6b setting in motion institute elapsed time.When institute's elapsed time had reached this required time section, determinant 11 determined that sensor has arrived boundary 6L.
If sensor does not also reach boundary 6L, then process is returned step S4, measures next first clearance distance and next second clearance distance at step S4 place.If sensor has reached boundary 6L, then process advances to step S9, serves as display controller at step S9 place microcomputer 8, the value of the largest object length L max that is used for that display 4 is illustrated and is stored in storer 12.Microcomputer 8 control displays 4, thus make this display keep shown largest object length a period of time.Because display at least temporarily keeps shown largest object length, so operating personnel can easily confirm the value of this demonstration after measurement is finished, even and sensor accidental moving after measurement is finished, also can avoid the change of shown image.
Largest object length L max finally is stored in the storer 12, and to remain on the display 4 be the maximum length between the path of sensor 6a and 6b of testee 15.After step S9, process finishes; Controller 9 serves as the measurement terminator, and stops sensor 6a and 6b measurement clearance distance.
Among first embodiment of Miao Shuing, driving mechanism 7a and 7b are synchronously driven movable sensor 6a and 6b simultaneously in the above, and up-to-date material standed for body length and current largest object length L max are compared.Yet the present invention wants to be limited to this embodiment.In alternative embodiment, controller 9 can drive driving mechanism 7a respectively and 7b comes at different time movable sensor 6a and 6b, but the sampled distance at sensor 6a at interval can be identical with those values at sensor 6b with the sampling starting altitude, makes the first parallel, horizontal slotted line of sensor 6a overlap with the second parallel, horizontal slotted line of sensor 6b.The first clearance distance DA and the second clearance distance DB that microcomputer 8 can record all are stored in the storer 12 continuously.In this alternative embodiment, counter 10 can calculate all material standed for body length L continuously based on the first and second clearance distance DA and the DB that are stored in the storer 12, wherein each material standed for body length be based on above-mentioned horizontal range at interval the first and second clearance distance DA and the DB on INT and the sustained height calculate, and determinant 11 can be selected largest object length L max from the candidate value that all calculate.
Among first embodiment of Miao Shuing, sensor 6a and 6b are automatically activated by driving mechanism 7a and 7b that controller 9 is controlled in the above.In the alternative embodiment (not shown), sensor 6a and 6b can manually be moved by operating personnel, and each sensor is sampled to the clearance distance of correspondence at interval with the sampled distance of regulation simultaneously.Preferably, provide a kind of device or mechanism that is used for the speed of limit sensor 6a and 6b, so that so uniformly-spaced measurement.For example, can use at least one velograph (not shown), the speed of at least one among described measurement of velocity quantity sensor 6a and the 6b, and to microcomputer 8 provide the indication this speed signal.When this speed surpassed a threshold value, microcomputer 8 can send notice to operating personnel, for example can make display 4 show error message, to avoid insecure measurement.
In another alternative embodiment, determinant 11 can serve as the end detecting device, and whether at least one among promptly definite first and second contactless distance measurement sensor 6a and the 6b has arrived the end pick-up unit of the end 15a of testee 15.Preferably, when corresponding sensor 6a or 6b recorded greater than the first or second clearance distance DA of a threshold value or DB, the end detecting device determined that corresponding sensor 6a or 6b have arrived the end 15a of testee 15 (shown in Figure 3).More preferably, when sensor 6a and 6b all record greater than above-mentioned horizontal range between fixed sensing 6a and 6b at interval INT half the first and second clearance distance DA or during DB, the end detecting device determines that sensor 6a and 6b have arrived the end 15a of testee 15.In this case, can easily detect the end 15a of testee 15.Controller 9 can serve as the measurement terminator, promptly is used for having detected at least one that stop sensor 6a and 6b when corresponding sensor 6a or 6b have arrived the end 15a of testee 15 at the end detecting device and measures the measurement of corresponding clearance distance DA or DB and stop device.In this embodiment, when sensor 6a or 6b have arrived the end 15a of testee 15, can stop measurement to clearance distance DA or DB.
In another alternative embodiment of the linear measuring assembly shown in Fig. 6 and 7 21, pillar 23a and 23b place at framework 14 fixedly mount a pair of contactless distance measurement sensor 6a and 6b by this way, and promptly first sensor 6a measures first slotted line at the first clearance distance DA place and second slotted line that the second sensor 6b measures the second clearance distance DB place is equal to.In this embodiment, because sensor 6a and 6b are fixed to framework 14, described manufacturing installation easily 21.Although sensor 6a and 6b are fixed to framework 14, as shown in Figure 7, they can move with respect to testee 15 with framework 14 in the mode of group, thereby each sensor can be measured a plurality of clearance distance DA and DB.Operating personnel can catch the part of framework 14, and from bed 16 perpendicular and little by little promote linear measuring assembly 21.During rising linear unit 21, sensor 6a and 6b sample to clearance distance DA and DB.
In the embodiment of the linear measuring assembly shown in Fig. 6 and 7 21, determinant 11 preferably serves as above-described end detecting device, and it determines whether among the first and second contactless distance measurement sensor 6a and the 6b at least one has arrived the end 15a of testee 15.Controller 9 serves as above-described measurement terminator, be used for when the end detecting device has detected corresponding sensor 6a or 6b and arrived the end 15a of testee 15, at least one that stops among sensor 6a and the 6b measured corresponding clearance distance DA or DB.In this embodiment, when sensor 6a or 6b have arrived the end 15a of testee 15, can stop measurement to clearance distance DA or DB.
The use of the alternative embodiment shown in Fig. 6 and 7 and class of operation are similar to top using and operating with reference to described first embodiment of illustrated process flow diagram among Fig. 5.Yet at step S4 place, the sensor 6a and the moving automatically of 6b of being undertaken by driving mechanism 7a and 7b are replaced by framework 14 manually moving with sensor 6a and 6b.In addition, the definite operation that is used to detect mobile boundary at step S8 place is replaced by definite operation that definite sensor 6a of being undertaken by the end detecting device and 6b have all arrived the end 15a of testee 15.
Fig. 8 and 9 is illustrated in the modified example of the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 and 7.In this variant embodiment, linear measuring assembly 31 comprises pair of posts guide 33a and 33b, is used for the vertical moving of guiding frame 14 with respect to testee 15, so that rising framework 14. Pillar 23a and 23b slidably insert respectively among pillar guide 33a and the 33b.Pillar guide 33a and 33b form by this way, and promptly first and second slotted lines are not directed the device obstruct, thereby sensor 6a and 6b can be to measuring to the clearance distance of testee 15.
In the above the Fig. 6 of Miao Shuing and 7 and Fig. 8 and 9 shown in alternative embodiment in, further preferably, provide the above-mentioned device that is used for the speed of limit sensor 6a and 6b, so that equally spaced measure.In the above the Fig. 6 of Miao Shuing and 7 and Fig. 8 and 9 shown in alternative embodiment in, further preferably, provide at least one will be operated gripping member or grasping piece that personnel catch or control.This gripping member may be easily for lifting gear stably.
Second embodiment
As shown in Figure 10, linear measuring assembly 41 according to a second embodiment of the present invention comprises supporter, promptly with first embodiment in substantially the same portable frame 14.Linear measuring assembly 41 also comprises measuring unit, is used to estimate the largest object length L max shown in Figure 10.The measuring unit of this embodiment comprises many to (n to) contactless distance measurement sensor, and each comprises the pillar 43a that is fixedly secured to framework 14 and first and second contactless distance measurement sensor 6a and the 6b on the 43b to contactless distance measurement sensor.Identical among the sensor type that is adopted and first embodiment.
Described many to contactless distance measurement sensor each other equi-spaced apart open.First sensor 6a1 each in the 6an is measured first clearance distance between first object space on corresponding first sensor and the testee 15 and that the first horizontal survey line (from the light path of the light beam of sensor 6a) is crossing, and the second sensor 6b1 each in the 6bn is measured second clearance distance between second object space on second sensor of correspondence and the testee 15 and that the second horizontal survey line (from the light path of the light beam of sensor 6b) is crossing.Second slotted line is parallel with first slotted line or be equal to.
In this embodiment,, and do not comprise above-described driving mechanism 7a and 7b, can easily be made so install 41 because sensor 6a1 is fixed to framework 14 to 6an and 6b1 to 6bn.In addition, optional because the automatic or manual of sensor 6a and 6b (with framework or not with framework) moves, so the use of device is simplified.When the logarithm of sensor increases, will improve the precision of the estimation of largest object length L max.
With reference to the block diagram of Figure 11, will the electrical structure of this linear measuring assembly be described.The block diagram of Figure 11 is similar to Fig. 5 of first embodiment, but do not comprise driving mechanism 7a and 7b in Figure 11, and the sensor 6a1 that has been connected greater number with microcomputer 8 to 6an and 6b1 to 6bn.
Replace controlling and driving 7a of mechanism and 7b, controller 9 sequentially makes sensor activation and inactivation successively.Determinant 11 serves as finishes detecting device, promptly as being used for determining whether the first and second all sensor 6a1 have finished the pick-up unit of finishing to the sampling of clearance distance to 6an and 6b1 to 6bn, replace detecting mobile boundary.
With reference to the process flow diagram shown in Figure 12, will using and operating of linear measuring assembly 41 be described in more detail.In the operation in this process flow diagram, the step of being carried out by microcomputer 8 is corresponding to being stored in the computer program in storer 12 or other storeies or the memory storage or the ingredient of computer program.
Step S41, S42 and S43 after energising is identical with step S1, S2 and S3 among Fig. 5 of first embodiment, so does not describe them in detail.Yet,, needn't carry out initialization to the position of sensor 6a and 6b at step S43 place.In addition, provide counter in the mode of function or in the mode of entity in microcomputer 8, be used for sequence number number " n " is counted, first and second sensors that next sequence number number " n " indication will be used are right.At step S43 place, rolling counters forward " n " is reset and is " 0 " (default value), to carry out system initialization.
At step S44 place, microcomputer 8 increases progressively 1 with rolling counters forward " n ".Therefore, be right after after system initialization, rolling counters forward " n " becomes 1.Subsequently, microcomputer 8 serves as controller 9 and activates a pair of first sensor 6a and the second sensor 6b corresponding to rolling counters forward " n ", and therefore first sensor 6a and the second sensor 6b measure respectively or sample first corresponding clearance distance DA and the second corresponding clearance distance DB.Make other sensors to inactivation.That is, microcomputer 8 is selected a pair of sensor and a pair of sensor of this time of activation down.Be right after after system initialization, that be activated is the first sensor 6a1 and the second sensor 6b1 corresponding to rolling counters forward " 1 ", and therefore first sensor 6a1 and the second sensor 6b1 measures or sampling the is corresponding first clearance distance DA1 and the second corresponding clearance distance DB1.
At step S45 place, microcomputer 8 serves as counter 10, is used for based on above-mentioned horizontal range interval INT and by first and second clearance distances that sensor 6a and 6b record for the last time DA and DB being calculated up-to-date material standed for body length L.Counter 10 is stored in this up-to-date material standed for body length L in the storer 12, as n result of calculation.
At step S46 place, microcomputer 8 serves as determinant 11 (finishing detecting device), is used for determining whether the first and second all sensors have finished sampling to clearance distance to 6a1 to 6an and 6b1 to 6bn.This judgement is by rolling counters forward " n " and maximal value (actual logarithm) are compared and realize.
If the definite result at step S46 place is what negate, then process is returned step S44, measures next first clearance distance and next second clearance distance at step S44 place.If all the sensors has been finished measurement, then process advances to step S47, serve as determinant 11 at step S47 place microcomputer 8, be used for coming from the material standed for body length that is stored in storer 12, to determine largest object length L max by relatively more all material standed for body lengths.
Subsequently, at step S48, microcomputer 8 serves as display controller, the value of the largest object length L max that is used to that display 4 is illustrated and is obtained.Microcomputer 8 is control display 4 like this, that is, make this display keep shown largest object length a period of time.Because display at least temporarily keeps shown largest object length, so operating personnel can easily confirm the value of this demonstration after measurement is finished, even and sensor accidental moving after measurement is finished, also can avoid the change of shown image.
Remain on largest object length L max on the display 4 and be the maximum length between the row of the row of first sensor 6a and the second sensor 6b of testee 15.After step S48, process finishes.
Among second embodiment of Miao Shuing, microcomputer 8 is stored in all the first clearance distance DA that record and the second clearance distance DB in the storer 12 continuously, and determinant 11 is selected largest object length L max from the candidate value that all calculate in the above.Yet, be not to want to limit the invention to this embodiment.In alternative embodiment, determinant 11 can compare up-to-date material standed for body length and current largest object length L max, and if this up-to-date material standed for body length bigger then can upgrade largest object length.
Figure 13 illustrates variant embodiment.Should be noted that the modification in this variant embodiment can be applicable among first and second embodiment and above-described alternative embodiment whole, but in Figure 13, use with first embodiment in identical reference number.In all above-described embodiment, material standed for body length L is the length of testee 15 on the horizontal line identical with second slotted line with first slotted line, on described first slotted line, measure the first clearance distance DA with calculated candidate object length L, on described second slotted line, measure the second clearance distance DB with calculated candidate object length L by the second sensor 6b by first sensor 6a.
Yet, in this variant embodiment, determine the material standed for body length X of inclination based on the first clearance distance DA and the second clearance distance DB, wherein first and second slotted lines of the first clearance distance DA and the second clearance distance DB parallel and are not equal to mutually.As shown in Figure 13, suppose the position that the second sensor 6b is positioned at, and first sensor 6a is positioned at lower position.Adopt illustrated sensor 6a and 6b to come the first and second clearance distance DA and DB are sampled, so that determine the material standed for body length X of inclination.
In this variant embodiment, counter 10 (distance calculator) calculates the parallel body length L on the direction that is parallel to first and second slotted lines between first and second object space based on the first and second clearance distance DA and DB, deducts DA and DB because L equals INT.Sensor 6a and difference in height between the 6b be between first and second object space perpendicular to the vertical object length H on the direction of first and second slotted lines.If this difference in height is fixed, then this vertical object length H is known, and can be stored in the storer 12.On the other hand, if this difference in height is variable, then counter 10 (distance calculator) can easily calculate this vertical object length H, because it is poor between the displacement of the displacement of sensor 6a and sensor 6b.
Counter 10 (distance calculator) comes calculated candidate object length X with vertical object length H by trigonometry based on parallel body length L.For example, X equals square root sum square of L and H.Select as another kind, X equals L/cos θ 1, and wherein the tangent of θ 1 equals H/L.
In this variant embodiment, although first slotted line be not arrange into second slotted line on same straight line, distance calculator can come calculated candidate object length X based on parallel and vertical object length L and H.
Can use this variant embodiment like this, promptly in first and second sensors of a centering (with or not with the appended pillar that is loaded on of this sensor that moves) move, and another of this centering fixed, and calculates the material standed for body length of a plurality of inclinations between fixed object position and variable body position.Subsequently, from all material standed for body lengths, select largest object length.
Can also use this variant embodiment as follows, promptly calculate the material standed for body length of a plurality of inclinations between first object space and a plurality of second object space based on first clearance distance and a plurality of second clearance distance.Subsequently, calculate the material standed for body length of a plurality of another inclinations between another first object space and a plurality of second object space based on another first clearance distance and a plurality of second clearance distance, and repeat this calculating at other first clearance distances.At last, from the material standed for body length of all inclinations, select largest object length.
Figure 14 illustrates another variant embodiment.Should be noted that modification in this variant embodiment can be applicable to whole (the embodiment in Figure 13) in first and second embodiment and the above-described alternative embodiment, but in Figure 14, use with first embodiment in identical reference number.
In variant embodiment shown in Figure 14, regulate the angle of first and second sensors, make first and second sensors measure first and second clearance distance D α and the D β that tilt respectively.Measure the material standed for body length Y of inclination based on this first clearance distance D α that tilts and the second clearance distance D β that tilts, the first and second inclination measurement lines of the described first clearance distance D α that tilts and the second clearance distance D β that tilts are equal to mutually.As shown in Figure 14, suppose the position that the second sensor 6b is positioned at, and first sensor 6a is positioned at lower position.Adopt illustrated sensor 6a and 6b to come first and second clearance distance D α and the D β that tilt are sampled, so that determine the material standed for body length Y of inclination.Above-mentioned horizontal range between sensor 6a and 6b INT at interval is known.Height difference H between sensor 6a and the 6b is known, perhaps can easily calculate as described in conjunction with the embodiment among Figure 13.
In microcomputer 8, counter 10 serves as angle computer, be the angle calculation device, be used for that at interval INT and height difference H are calculated straight line between the first and second sensor 6a and 6b with respect to the angle θ 2 of the coupling part 2 of framework 14 based on horizontal range.θ 2 is arc tangents of H/INT.
This variant embodiment comprises at least one pair of sensor angle demodulator 18a and 18b, and each is attached to sensor 6a or 6b.Each sensor angle demodulator comprises the actuator of motor, solenoid or other suitable types, is used to regulate the angle of the slotted line of respective sensor.In microcomputer 8, controller 9 is based on angle θ 2 control or activated sensors angle demodulator 18a and the 18b that calculated, make the slotted line of winning be equal to second slotted line, wherein on described first slotted line, record the first clearance distance D α of inclination, on described second slotted line, record the second clearance distance D β that tilts by the second sensor 6b by first sensor 6a.
In this embodiment, sensor angle demodulator 18a and 18b regulate the angle of each first and second sensor 6a and 6b, to aim at the direction of the first and second clearance distance D α and D β.Therefore, counter 10 (distance calculator) can based on the clearance distance D α that tilts and D β, the angle θ 2 that is calculated and constant horizontal range at interval INT accurately calculate at the inclination material standed for body length Y on the same parallax between the first sensor 6a and the second sensor 6b between first and second object spaces.Also promptly, Y equals OINT and deducts D α and D β, and wherein OINT is INT/cos θ 2.
Can use this variant embodiment like this, promptly in first and second sensors of a centering (with or not with the appended pillar that is loaded on of this sensor that moves) move, and another of this centering fixed, and calculates along the material standed for body length of a plurality of inclinations of the straight parallax between fixation of sensor position and the reversible transducer position.Subsequently, from the material standed for body length of all inclinations, select largest object length.
Can also use this variant embodiment like this, promptly calculate along a plurality of inclination material standed for body lengths of the straight parallax between first sensor position and a plurality of second sensing station based on the first variable slanted gap distance and a plurality of second slanted gap distance.Subsequently, calculate along the material standed for body length of other a plurality of inclinations of the straight parallax between another first sensor position and a plurality of second sensing station based on another first variable slanted gap distance and a plurality of second slanted gap distance, and repeat this calculating at other first sensor positions.At last, from the material standed for body length of all inclinations, select the maximum inclination object length.
The 3rd embodiment
As shown in Figure 15 and 16, the linear measuring assembly 51 of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention comprises supporter, promptly with first embodiment in substantially the same portable frame 14.Linear measuring assembly 51 also comprises measuring unit, is used to estimate the object length Lobj shown in Figure 15.The measuring unit of this embodiment comprises single contactless distance measurement sensor 6c, and described contactless distance measurement sensor 6c is supported on the horizontally extending coupling part 52 of framework 14 movably.The sensor type that is adopted is basically the same as those in the first embodiment.Therefore, this sensor has the optical transmitting set of the light beam (this light beam for example is (but being not limited to) infrared beam) that is used to launch vertically downward and is used to receive the light of any object from the sensor front side (for example testee 15 or bed 16) reflection and generates optical receiver with the corresponding signal of distance of any object from respective sensor to this sensor front side.Therefore, sensor 6c survey sensor 6c and the clearance distance between the measured position on the vertically extending slotted line.In Figure 15 and 16, arrow LC represents from the downward emitted light beams of sensor 6c.
Driving mechanism 7c is positioned at 52 places, coupling part, is used for sensor 6c is flatly moved a scope with respect to framework 14.Identical among the type of the driving mechanism that is adopted and first embodiment.Describe as the dotted line in Figure 15 and 16, by driving mechanism 7c, sensor 6c 52 flatly moves along the coupling part.
Sensor 6c move horizontally during, a plurality of clearance distance DC of a plurality of measured positions on a plurality of parallel vertical slotted lines on the same vertical plane of single-sensor 6c measurement distance, each clearance distance are the sensing station of sensor 6c and the distance between the measured position on bed 16 or the testee 15.
In state shown in Figure 15, sensor 6c survey sensor 6c and bed 16 and vertical survey line (from the light path of the light beam of sensor 6c) intersection between clearance distance DC.Clearance distance DC under this state is the reference altitude ELE of sensor 6c no better than, i.e. vertical range between the bottom of sensor 6c and pillar 3a and 3b.On the other hand, in state shown in Figure 16, another clearance distance DC between object space sensor 6c survey sensor 6c and testee 15 and that another vertical survey line (from the light path of the light beam of sensor 6c) is crossing.
To understand from Figure 15, when sensor 6c is not when being positioned at the top of testee 15, the clearance distance DC that records is very big.On the contrary, as shown in Figure 16, when sensor 6c was positioned at the top of testee 15, the clearance distance DC that records was little.Therefore, can be based on clearance distance DC amount the two ends SE and the TE that relatively detect testee 15 with at least one threshold value, and can estimate the length L obj of the testee 15 between the two ends of testee 15 SE and TE.This is to obtain the general principle that maximum length is measured by installing 51.When the horizontal range of vertical survey line reduces at interval, and the quantity of measured gap distance is when increasing, and will improve the precision of the estimation of object length Lobj.
With reference to the block diagram of Figure 17, will the electrical structure of linear measuring assembly 51 be described.The block diagram of Figure 17 is similar to Fig. 5 of first embodiment, but in Figure 17, replaces sensor 6a and 6b and driving mechanism 7a, and sensor 6c is connected with microcomputer 8 with driving mechanism 7c.
Sensor 6a is controlled in replacement and 6b carries out range observation and the 7a of controlling and driving mechanism comes movable sensor 6a and 6b, and controller 9 control sensor 6c come measuring distance DC, and the 7c of controlling and driving mechanism comes movable sensor 6c.
Counter 10 serves as the length computation device, promptly is used for calculating the length computation device of the object length Lobj between two ends (being first and second ends of testee 15).
Determinant 11 serves as testee end detecting device, promptly is used for detecting first end of testee 15 and the testee end pick-up unit of second end based on each the amount of a plurality of clearance distance DC.
Storer 12 is store various kinds of data in advance, for example default value, system's setting and mathematic(al) representation.In addition, storer 12 is stored in advance and is used for determining first end SE of testee 15 and the threshold value of the second end TE.
With reference to the process flow diagram shown in Figure 18 A and the 18B, will using and operating of linear measuring assembly 51 be described in more detail.In the operation in this process flow diagram, the step of being carried out by microcomputer 8 is corresponding to being stored in the computer program in storer 12 or other storeies or the memory storage or the ingredient of computer program.Step S51, S52 and S53 after energising is identical with step S1, S2 and S3 among Fig. 5 of first embodiment, so does not describe them in detail.Yet, at step S53 place, the position of microcomputer 8 initialization sensor 6c, the position of replacement initialization sensor 6a and 6b.In addition, in microcomputer 8, provide a counter, be used for when sensor 6c is positioned at the top of testee 15 the number of times of sampling and count clearance distance DC in the mode of function or in the mode of entity.At step S53 place, rolling counters forward " i " is reset to " 0 " (default value) to carry out system initialization.
At step S54 place, microcomputer 8 serves as controller 9 and comes activated sensors 6c, and therefore, the initial down suction distance between sensor 6c survey sensor 6c and the bed 16.Microcomputer 8 obtains this initial down suction distance thus, and its reference elemental height ELE as sensor 6c is stored in the storer 12.
At step S55 place, microcomputer 8 serves as controller 9, comes with constant speed movable sensor 6c with the 7c of controlling and driving mechanism.As a result, among sensor 6c measurement or a plurality of clearance distance DC that sample.To understand from this process flow diagram, whenever process turns back to step S55, movable sensor 6c and with its activation then is measuring next clearance distance DC, so that with the sampling time interval scanning testee 15 of regulation.
At step S56 place, counter 10 calculates the clearance distance that in the end records and poor with reference between the elemental height ELE.At step S57 place, microcomputer 8 serves as determinant 11, is used for determining whether the vertical survey line of sensor 6c is positioned at the top of testee 15.This judgement is by determining whether said counting device counting " i " is equal to or greater than 1 and realizes.
If " i " be not less than 1 (sensor 6c is above testee 15), then process advances to step S58, at step S58 place, determinant 11 serves as testee end detecting device, is used for determining whether the slotted line of sensor 6c has reached first end (initiating terminal) SE of testee 15.This judgement be by the difference that will calculate at step S56 place be stored in threshold value P in the storer 12 and compare and realize.If should be poor greater than P, then the slotted line of sensor 6c have reached initiating terminal SE.This judgement and determinant 11 determine that when sensor 6c records clearance distance DC less than another threshold value the judgement that sensor 6c has reached the initiating terminal SE of testee 15 is identical.
If being judged to be of step S58 place negative (this difference is not more than P), then process is returned step S55, at next clearance distance DC of step S55 place sampling.If at being judged to be of step S58 place sure (this difference is greater than P), then process advances to step S59, make rolling counters forward " i " increase progressively 1 at step S59 place microcomputer 8.
If rolling counters forward " i " is equal to or greater than 1, then step S57 place be judged to be certainly, and process directly advances to step S59 (not via step S58), because just motion above testee 15 of the known sensor 6c of system.
At step S60 place, determinant 11 serves as testee end detecting device, is used for determining whether the slotted line of sensor 6c has reached the second end (destination terminal) TE of testee 15.This judgement be by the difference that will calculate at step S56 place be stored in threshold value Q in the storer 12 and compare and realize.Threshold value Q can be identical or different with above-mentioned threshold value P.If this difference is equal to or less than Q, then the slotted line of sensor 6c has reached destination terminal TE.This judgement and determinant 11 determine that when sensor 6c records clearance distance DC greater than another threshold value the judgement that sensor 6c has reached the destination terminal TE of testee 15 is identical.
If at being judged to be of step S60 place negative (this difference is greater than Q), then process is returned step S55, at next clearance distance DC of step S55 place sampling, because sensor 6c remains just motion above testee 15.
If being judged to be of step S60 place sure (this difference is not more than Q), then process advances to step S61, serve as measurement terminator (promptly measure and stop device) at step S61 place controller 9, and stop sensor 6c measurement clearance distance and termination driving mechanism 7c movable sensor 6c.In addition, microcomputer 8 keeps the current counting " i " of sample counter, and subsequently based on this counting, counter 10 serves as the length computation device, and calculates the gap length Lint (among Figure 16) between the sensing station that sensing station that the first end SE is detected and the second end TE are detected.This gap length Lint equals the object length Lobj between the first end SE and the second end TE.The calculating of gap length Lint realizes that by sampled distance being multiply by at interval rolling counters forward " i " wherein sampled distance is the movement velocity that the sampling period multiply by sensor 6c at interval at interval.Counter 10 is stored in this gap length Lint in the storer 12.
At step S62 place, microcomputer 8 serves as display controller, the value of the gap length Lint (object length Lobj) that is used for that display 4 is illustrated and is stored in storer 12.Microcomputer 8 is control display 4 like this, thereby this display keeps shown length a period of time.Because display at least temporarily keeps shown object length, so operating personnel can easily confirm the value of this demonstration after measurement is finished, even and sensor accidental moving after measurement is finished, also can avoid the change of shown image.
Gap length Lint finally is stored in the storer 12, and to remain on the display 14 be the object length Lobj of testee 15.After step S62, process finishes.
Among the 3rd embodiment of Miao Shuing, come counting period length L int in the above based on sample counter counting " i ".Yet, be not to want to limit the invention to this embodiment.In alternative embodiment, can in driving mechanism 7c, incorporate the range encoder (not shown) into and measure this gap length Lint.When determinant 11 when range encoder notice sensor 6c has reached the first end SE, range encoder begins to measure this length.When determinant 11 when range encoder notice sensor 6c has reached the second end TE, range encoder stops measuring this length L int.
In practice, needn't measure above-mentioned initial down suction distance, because be vertical range between the bottom of sensor 6c and pillar 3a and 3b with reference to elemental height ELE.Therefore, can be stored in advance in the storer 12 with reference to elemental height ELE.
Among the 3rd embodiment of Miao Shuing, specify first and second ends in the above based on the clearance distance DC that records.Yet, in alternative embodiment, determinant 11 (testee end detecting device) can determine that sensor 6c has reached the first end SE when sensor 6c output error signal, and can determine that sensor 6c has reached the second end TE during output error signal once more at sensor 6c.Under the situation that does not have following suitable reference level surface, this alternative embodiment is favourable: can in each side of testee 15, measure the initial down suction distance from sensor to described reference level surface in the mobile range of sensor 6c.According to this alternative embodiment, can not use with reference to elemental height ELE and threshold value.
Above-described linear measuring assembly 51 comprises the framework 14 as the supporter that is used to support sensor.Yet, be not to want to limit the invention to this embodiment.For example, in the alternative embodiment shown in Figure 19, pillar 3a and 3b can be got rid of, and the supporter that only is used to support sensor can be used corresponding to straight-bar 54 conducts of coupling part 52.Preferably, bar 54 can be provided with leveler 55 (for example level meter), angular transducer, or is used for any other proper implements that the convenient operation personnel keep this bar level.
In another alternative embodiment (not shown), when sensor was sampled to clearance distance DC at interval with the sampled distance of regulation, sensor 6c can manually be moved with respect to framework 14 by operating personnel.
In another alternative embodiment shown in Figure 20, although sensor 6c is fixed to straight-bar 54, sensor 6c can move with respect to testee 15 with the mode of straight-bar 54 with group, so that single-sensor 6c can measure a plurality of clearance distance DC.Straight-bar 54 can be operated personnel together with sensor 6c and manually move.Horizontal guide 56 is set, is used for guide rod 54 with respect to the moving horizontally of testee 15, so that the slip of bar 54.
In the above among the 3rd embodiment of Miao Shuing, the gap length Lint between the sensing station that the first end SE and the object length Lobj between the second end TE of testee 15 are regarded as detecting the sensing station of the first end SE and detecting the second end TE.Yet if coupling part 52 tilts, gap length Lint is not equal to object length Lobj.In this case, based on gap length Lint with at the sensing station that detects the first end SE and detect difference in height between the sensing station of the second end TE, calculate object length Lobj by trigonometry.
In another alternative embodiment shown in Figure 21, measuring unit comprises a plurality of contactless distance measurement sensor 6c, and described a plurality of contactless distance measurement sensor 6c are fixedly supported in 52 places, coupling part of framework 14.A plurality of sensor 6c are equi-spaced apart relative to each other, and measures a plurality of clearance distance DC of a plurality of measured positions on a plurality of parallel vertical survey lines respectively.In this embodiment, because sensor 6c is fixed to framework 14, and do not comprise above-described driving mechanism 7c, so this device can easily be made.In addition, optional because the automatic or manual of sensor 6c (with supporter or not with supporter) moves, so the use of device is simplified.When the quantity of sensor increases, will improve the precision of the estimation of object length Lobj.
Modified example
Figure 22 is illustrated in the modified example that wherein combination has the 3rd embodiment shown in first embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to 4 and Figure 15 to 17.This modified example comprises: measuring unit, it comprises a pair of removable sensor (i.e. first and second sensor 6a and the 6b), described first and second sensor 6a and 6b are supported on the pillar 3a and 3b of framework 14, are used to measure first and second clearance distance DA and the DB; And the additional measuring unit that comprises the 3rd sensor 6c, described the 3rd sensor is supported on the coupling part 2 of framework 14 in a movable manner, is used to measure third space distance D C.
Figure 23 illustrates another modified example, and combination therein has the alternative embodiment shown in second embodiment shown in Figure 10 and Figure 21.This modified example comprises: measuring unit, it comprises many to fixation of sensor (being a plurality of first sensor 6a and a plurality of second sensor 6b), described a plurality of first sensor 6a and a plurality of second sensor 6b are supported on the pillar 3a and 3b of framework 14, are used to measure a plurality of first clearance distance DA and a plurality of second clearance distance DB; And the additional measuring unit that comprises a plurality of the 3rd sensor 6c, described a plurality of the 3rd sensors are supported on the coupling part 2 of framework 14 in a fixed manner, are used to measure a plurality of third space distance D C.
The counter 10 that is used in the microcomputer 8 of modified example of Figure 22 and 23 serves as distance calculator, be used for with first and second embodiment similarly mode calculate a plurality of material standed for body length L.Determinant 11 serves as testee end detecting device, is used for to detect the first end SE and the second end TE of testee 15 with the similar mode of the 3rd embodiment, based on a plurality of third space distance D C.Counter 10 also serves as the length computation device, is used for to calculate object length Lobj with the similar mode of the 3rd embodiment.Determinant 11 also serves as maximum-value selector, is used for selecting largest object length L max from object length Lobj and a plurality of material standed for body length L, replaces or be additional to selecting largest object length from a plurality of material standed for body length L.Select as another kind, maximum-value selector can be selected largest object length L max from a plurality of material standed for body length L, and can obtain The ultimate results by largest object length L max and object length Lobj are averaged.In above arbitrary situation, can obtain more reliable result.
Figure 24 and 25 illustrates another modified example that can be applicable to all above-described embodiment and modified example.This modified example has the variant of framework 14, and has therefore omitted the diagram of other ingredients in Figure 24 and 25.
More particularly, framework 14 comprises frame size governor motion (supporter size adjustment mechanism), is used to make that the size of framework (supporter) can be conditioned.Therefore, framework 14 has a pair of extensible pillar 63a and the 63b that vertically stands on the bed 16, and extensible coupling part 62, and the two ends of described extensible coupling part 62 all are connected to pillar 63a and 63b.Horizontal coupling part 62 has central shaft 64 and a pair of cover that slidably is installed on the central shaft 64, thereby coupling part 62 is extendible.Each pillar 63a or 63b have central shaft 65a or 65b, and a pair of cover that slidably is installed on the central shaft, thereby pillar is extendible.
Utilize the frame size governor motion, can measure object with various sizes.Especially, extensible coupling part 62 be applied to above-described first or the situation of second embodiment under, on the direction that is parallel to first and second slotted lines, the distance between the first and second sensor 6a and the 6b is adjustable at interval.By extensible pillar 63a and 63b are applied to first or second embodiment, the moving range of sensor 6a and 6b is adjustable.On the other hand, by extensible coupling part 62 is applied to above-described the 3rd embodiment, the moving range of sensor 6c is adjustable.
Although in illustrated embodiment, pillar 63a and 63b and coupling part 62 are extendible, can expect, only pillar or only the coupling part be extendible.It is also contemplated that in the embodiment shown in Figure 20 straight-bar 54 (supporter) can be modified to extendible.
Figure 26 and 27 illustrates another modified example that can be applicable to all above-described embodiment and modified example.In Figure 26 and 27, omitted the diagram of sensor.In this modified example, reference light transmitter 70 is positioned on coupling part 72 frameworks or the supporter (for example straight-bar 54), be used for reference light is shone testee 15, so that dispose (i.e. location) linear measuring assembly with respect to the reference position 15b of testee 15.Reference light transmitter 70 for example is the laser designator of (but being not limited to) emission arrow beam of light.If the length in the particular cross section at 15 places, reference position of testee 15 is measured in expectation, then this modified example is favourable for reliable measurements.
In addition, if reference light transmitter 70 is positioned at the center of coupling part 72, then this device can be disposed like this, and promptly testee 15 places the center between pillar 3a and the 3b.For first and second embodiment that wherein the first and second sensor 6a and 6b are arranged in testee 15 opposite sides, when testee 15 very hour, this is favourable.If testee 15 is very little, and too far away from sensor, then might only have the light that reflects at testee 15 places on a small quantity to arrive sensor, thereby sensor can not the measurement clearance distance.Yet,, place the center between pillar 3a and the 3b can reduce so unfavorable effect testee 15 according to this modified example.Reference light transmitter 70 can be slidably, be attached to link 72 slidably along the longitudinal direction of link 72.
Figure 28 is the side view that can be applicable to another modified example of all above-described embodiment and modified example.This modified example comprises framework rake adjustment mechanism (supporter rake adjustment mechanism), is used to make it possible to regulate with respect to testee 15 inclination of framework (supporter) 14.More specifically, each pillar 3a of framework 14 and the bottom of 3b with the mode attaching of pivot in corresponding rotating basis 80, thereby framework 14 can be in predetermined angular range with respect to a plurality of axles 82 swings of coaxial adjustment.Gib screw 84 is fastening, so that pillar 3a and 3b are locked onto rotating basis 80 with selected angle (for example θ 3).In this modified example, can measure along a plurality of dip plane.
Described above have automatically one or more or manually (with or not with supporter) movably the embodiment of sensor can carry out following modification.Man-machine interface 5 has such device, and operating personnel indicate by described device and start or stop sensor 6c or sensor to 6a and 6b, and described device for example is to measure starting switch and measure shutdown switch.Controller 9 can serve as to be measured starter and measures terminator: when operating personnel have indicated start sensor 6c or sensor to 6a and 6b, measuring starter makes sensor 6c or sensor begin to measure corresponding clearance distance to 6a and 6b, and when operating personnel have indicated stop sensor 6c or sensor to 6a and 6b, measure terminator and make sensor 6c or sensor stop measuring corresponding clearance distance to 6a and 6b.For automatically movably sensor or sensor concerning, when operating personnel have indicated start sensor 6c or sensor to 6a and 6b, measure starter and also start driving mechanism 7c or driving mechanism 7a and 7b movable sensor 6c or sensor 6a and 6b, and indicated when stopping sensor 6c or sensor to 6a and 6b as operating personnel, measure terminator and also stop driving mechanism 7c or driving mechanism 7a and 7b movable sensor 6c or sensor 6a and 6b.Utilize such structure, sensor or sensor right move during, operating personnel can sensor or sensor to the situation that is in optional position under indication start or stop measurement, thereby operating personnel can freely determine measurement range.For the embodiment with a plurality of sensors, each sensor can be independently or is activated simultaneously or stops.
Figure 29 and Figure 30 illustrate according to embodiment and are presented at two dimensional image on the display 4.Figure 29 is corresponding to first and second embodiment and their modified example, and Figure 30 is corresponding to the 3rd embodiment and modified example thereof.Display 4 for example is (but being not limited to) LCD or matrix display.After having shown the linear measure longimetry result, microcomputer 8 makes that as display controller display 4 is two dimensional image (as shown in Figure 29 and 30) with measured position display.Thus, even cross section (being the profile of testee 15) is complicated, operating personnel also can easily identify this cross section immediately.
In order to show measured position, for first and second embodiment and their modified example, the coordinate of each in microcomputer 8 acquisition first object spaces and second object space.The X coordinate of each first object space be corresponding first clearance distance and first sensor 6a known X coordinate and.The X coordinate of each second object space is that the known X coordinate of the second sensor 6b deducts the second corresponding clearance distance.The Y coordinate of each object space is the Y coordinate of sensor of this object space of having sampled.Based on to the determining of the XY coordinate of object space, microcomputer 8 control displays 4 make the testee cross section that first object space and second object space are limited be shown as two dimensional image.
In order to show measured position, for the 3rd embodiment and modified example thereof, microcomputer 8 obtains the coordinate from the first end SE of testee 15 to each measured position of the second end TE.The X coordinate of each measured position is the coordinate of sensor of this measured position of having sampled.The Y coordinate of each measured position is that the known Y coordinate of sensor 6c deducts the second corresponding clearance distance.Based on the XY coordinate of measured position determined that microcomputer 8 control displays 4 make the measured position is shown as two dimensional image.
Although among the embodiment of Miao Shuing, use the output device of display 4 as the output measurement result in the above, this device can be exported measurement result in any other suitable mode.For example, this device can comprise printer, is used for printing measurement result in response to the output signal that comes from microcomputer 8.This device can send indication measurement result's measurement signals to external unit, and/or with this signal storage to this external unit.
Although specifically illustrated and described the present invention about the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art should understand that, can not depart under the situation of the spirit and scope of the present invention that limit as claims, to the present invention make on the various forms and details on change.This change, variation and modification will be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1, a kind of linear measuring assembly (51), this linear measuring assembly comprises:
Be disposed near the supporter (14,54) of testee (15);
Measuring unit, this measuring unit comprises at least one the contactless distance measurement sensor (6c) that is supported on the described supporter, described sensor emission light, reception is from any object (15 of described sensor front side, 16) Fan She light, and the corresponding signal of distance of generation and any object from described sensor to described sensor front side, make clearance distance (DC) between the measured position on described sensor of described sensor measurement and the slotted line, described measuring unit measure a plurality of clearance distances (DC) of a plurality of measured positions on many parallel slotted lines;
Testee end detecting device (11) is used for detecting based on each amount of described a plurality of clearance distances first end (SE) and second end (TE) of described testee; And
Length computation device (10) is used to calculate the length (Lobj) at described first end (SE) and the described testee between described second end (TE) of described testee.
2, linear measuring assembly according to claim 1 (51), this linear measuring assembly also comprises: driving mechanism (7c), be used for moving described contactless distance measurement sensor (6c) described a plurality of clearance distances (DC) of the described a plurality of measured positions on described many parallel slotted lines of wherein said sensor measurement distance with respect to described supporter (14,54).
3, linear measuring assembly according to claim 2 (51), this linear measuring assembly also comprises: measure terminator (9), be used for having detected when the described afterwards sensor of described first end (SE) of the described testee of described sensor process has reached described second end (TE) of described testee (15), stop described sensor (6c) and measure described clearance distance (DC) when described testee end detecting device (11).
4, linear measuring assembly according to claim 2 (51), wherein, when described sensor records less than the clearance distance (DC) of a threshold value or output error signal, described testee end detecting device (11) determines that described sensor (6c) has arrived described first end (SE) of described testee (15), and wherein, when described sensor recorded greater than the clearance distance (DC) of a threshold value or output error signal, described testee end detecting device (11) determined that described sensor (6c) has arrived described second end (TE) of described testee.
5, linear measuring assembly according to claim 1 (51), this linear measuring assembly also comprises:
Man-machine interface (5), operating personnel start or stop described sensor (6c) by described man-machine interface indication;
Measure starter (9), be used for when these operating personnel have indicated the described sensor of startup, starting described sensor and measuring described clearance distance (DC); And
Measure terminator (9), be used for having indicated when stopping described sensor, stop the described clearance distance of described sensor measurement these operating personnel.
6, linear measuring assembly according to claim 1 (51), this linear measuring assembly also comprises: supporter size adjustment mechanism (62,63a, 63b), the size that is used to make it possible to regulate described supporter (14,54).
7, linear measuring assembly according to claim 1 (51), wherein said measuring unit comprises: be fixedly supported in a plurality of described contactless distance measurement sensor (6c) on the described supporter (14,54), be respectively applied for described a plurality of clearance distances (DC) of measuring the described a plurality of measured positions on described many parallel slotted lines of distance.
8, linear measuring assembly according to claim 1 (51), wherein said supporter (14) has the shape of openings at one side, the coupling part (2) that described supporter has pair of posts (3a, 3b) and connects described pillar, described contactless distance measurement sensor (6c) is supported on the described coupling part.
9, linear measuring assembly according to claim 1 (51), this linear measuring assembly also comprises: be positioned at the reference light transmitter (70) that described supporter (14,54) is located, be used for reference light is shone described testee (15), so that dispose described linear measuring assembly with respect to the reference position (15b) of described testee.
10, linear measuring assembly according to claim 1 (51), this linear measuring assembly also comprises: supporter rake adjustment mechanism (80,82,84) is used to make it possible to the inclination of regulating described supporter (14) with respect to described testee (15).
11, linear measuring assembly according to claim 1 (51), this linear measuring assembly also comprises:
Display (4) is used to show the described length (Lobj) of described testee (15); And
Display controller (8) is used to control described display, makes described display keep described length (Lobj) a period of time of shown described testee (15).
12, linear measuring assembly according to claim 1 (51), this linear measuring assembly also comprises:
Display (4); And
Display controller (8) is used to control described display, makes based on the described clearance distance (DC) that records at described measuring unit described measured position to be shown as two dimensional image.
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