CN101634490A - Solid sphere flux heat absorber for solar thermal power generation - Google Patents
Solid sphere flux heat absorber for solar thermal power generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101634490A CN101634490A CN 200910090284 CN200910090284A CN101634490A CN 101634490 A CN101634490 A CN 101634490A CN 200910090284 CN200910090284 CN 200910090284 CN 200910090284 A CN200910090284 A CN 200910090284A CN 101634490 A CN101634490 A CN 101634490A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a solid sphere flux heat absorber for solar thermal power generation, comprising a solid sphere heating absorbing device (1), a heat absorbing solid sphere (2) arranged in the solid sphere heating absorbing device (1), a lower-temperature sphere storage tank (5) arranged on the upper part of the solid sphere heating absorbing device (1), a high-temperature sphere storage tank (9) arranged on the lower part of the solid sphere heating absorbing device (1), lower-temperature sphere storage tank inlet valves (7) and (8) respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the lower-temperature sphere storage tank (5), and high-temperature sphere storage tank inlet valves (11) and (12) respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the high-temperature sphere storage tank (9). The solid sphere heating absorbing device (1) faces an energy flux of a radiation receiving window (4) at the throwing side of radiation energy flux (3). The lower-temperature sphere storage tank (5) is used for storing a lower-temperature solid sphere (6), and the high-temperature sphere storage tank (9) is used for storing a high-temperature solid sphere (10). The surface of the heat absorbing solid sphere (2) is black or is coated with solar selective absorption coatings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heat dump that solar energy thermal-power-generating is used, particularly utilize the solid ball stream heat dump of mobile solid ball as absorber.
Background technology
Solar energy tower type thermal generation device basic principle is to utilize numerous heliostats, solar radiation is reflexed on the solar receiver that places on the tower, produces superheated steam or high temperature air by heating working medium, drives generating set, produces electric energy.The high temperature solar heat dump is the core component of tower type thermal generation system.External this technology that centers on has been carried out many research, mainly concentrates on the U.S., Spain, Germany, Israel, Australia, Korea S etc.Wherein using more is to adopt fluid media (medium)s such as gas or liquid to make the heat dump of photo-thermal conversion.Generally be to adopt solid material surface to absorb solar radiation, flow through in the solid then or the fluid heat transfer medium of outer surface is taken away heat that finishing conversion of solar energy is the task of heat energy.
The Chinese invention patent of application number 200810115463.7 discloses a kind of solar energy electricity power station bearing type air thermal absorber patent of invention, utilize carborundum ceramic of compact and foamed ceramics as bearing structure and absorber, realize pressure-bearing and heat absorption, this invention is emphasized to come heat exchange by gas flow, but, make that the pressure loss of the interior air of heat dump is bigger because the gaseous exchange coefficient of heat transfer is lower.The Chinese invention patent of application number 200710099040.6 " fluid bed high temperature heat absorber and " heat absorption-heat accumulation " double-fluidized-bed system thereof of being used for solar energy tower type thermal generation ", this patent are to utilize the small solid particle that is suspended in the fluid bed to contact and absorb the solar radiant energy of gathering.Its feature is that exchange capability of heat is strong, but weak point is high temperature fluidized bed container more complicated, needs bearing operation, and has the optical transmission window that the high temperature air-tightness requires.The wearing and tearing that high-speed motion brings under hot conditions of solid heat transferring medium will improve maintenance cost in addition.The Chinese invention patent of application number 200810101597.X discloses a kind of passive molten salt thermal absorber.It is the heat-exchanger rig that adopts medium of fused salt, and its surface that receives solar radiant energy is a metal, and in order to increase absorptivity, the metal surface scribbles solar selectively absorbing coating.There is identical technical limitations in this kind heat dump with other tube-sheet type surface of solids heat dump, and is not good to non-homogeneous, non-stable hot-fluid boundary condition adaptability.It is the cylindrical metal tubular type heat dump of heat-transfer fluid with the air that United States Patent (USP) 4394859 discloses a kind of, and this heat dump is had relatively high expectations to metal, system complex, and the cost height, and also the energy-flux density that can bear is lower, is difficult to obtain the air of high-temperature.United States Patent (USP) 4777934 has announced that adopting the compressed air that has particle is the solar heat absorber of heat transfer medium, and air can be heated to 700 ℃, but can't be applied to higher temperature.U.S. Pat 6668555B1 has announced the solar power system based on heat dump, adopt the heat pipe type solar heat dump, its heat-transfer working medium is an air, though heat transfer efficiency is higher, need adopt material such as sodium metal as the phase-change material in the heat pipe but be applied to high temperature, security of system requires harsh.Chinese patent CN2758657 has proposed the cavity-type solar absorber, be divided into inside and outside two chambeies, inner chamber body is closed on quartz window surface-coated solar selectively absorbing coating, and adopts different materials to be used for conducting heat and accumulation of heat, can be used for the high temperature occasion, but its structure is comparatively complicated.Chinese patent CN2871408 has proposed a kind of hollow chamber type solar energy absorber, adopted needle tubing cooled glass window, tubulose absorber, the heat transfer sheet area of tubulose absorber is little, and heat transfer efficiency is not high, and adopt different materials as absorber and heat storage, complex structure.Chinese patent 200710099039.3 has proposed foam silicon carbide ceramics is used for solar energy tower type power station air heat-absorbing device, though make full use of the characteristic that foam silicon carbide ceramics efficiently absorbs heat, conducts heat, can't obtain high temperature, pressure-air not using under the seal glass window situation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is:
(1) solves the not high problem of conventional tubular heat dump energy-flux density allowable; (2) solve positive displacement heat dump material at high temperature performance and heat-absorbing structure elevated-temperature seal problem.(3) overcome the inhomogeneous and problems such as ablated surface and thermal stress damage that cause absorbing heat of heat flow density; (4) solve because incident radiation can flow the thermal shock problems that the fierceness variation causes the unsettled phenomenon of operating condition when eliminating suddenly obnubilation.
The present invention proposes a kind of solid ball stream heat dump and solves the problems referred to above.Solid ball stream heat dump comprises the solid ball heat sink, places the heat absorbing solid sphere that flows in the described heat sink, the low temperature that places solid ball heat sink top to store up spherical tank, place the high temperature of solid ball heat sink bottom to store up spherical tank, are installed in low temperature storage spherical tank upper and lower from top to bottom, and the solid ball by-pass valve control of high temperature storage spherical tank upper and lower.Temperature raise gradually and becomes heat absorbing solid sphere after the low-temperature solid ball of storage absorbed solar radiant energy in the low temperature storage spherical tank in inflow solid ball heat sink, after the heat absorbing solid bulb temperature raises, flow into high temperature storage spherical tank from the solid ball heat sink and store as the high-temp solid ball.It is the radiant flux receive window that the solid ball heat sink drops into side towards radiant flux, rely on the gravity effect directly to absorb solar radiant energy from the heat absorbing solid sphere that low temperature storage spherical tank flows in the solid ball heat sink, the non-receiver radiation of solid ball heat sink can flow part and be coated with heat-insulation layer to reduce radiation loss.
Heat absorbing solid sphere also can be by metal or nonmetal being composited by metal or nonmetal making, and its shape can be regular spherical, elliposoidal or other shapes, and its diameter range is 1-20mm, can adopt single size also can adopt a plurality of sizes in the use.In order to improve heat transfer efficiency, heat absorbing solid sphere should adopt the material with higher thermal conductivity factor, heat absorbing solid sphere can be solid or hollow, also can adopt the inner mode that coats other kind materials to form, heat absorbing solid sphere also can have magnetic, by the flowing velocity that is used for controlling ball in magnetic field.The spherome surface of heat absorbing solid sphere is black or scribbles solar selectively absorbing coating.
Low temperature storage spherical tank is used to store the low-temperature solid ball, and low temperature storage spherical tank has the low temperature by-pass valve control.High temperature storage spherical tank is used to store the high-temp solid ball after the solar radiant energy heating, but high temperature storage spherical tank has the by-pass valve control of withstand higher temperatures.The solid ball heat sink is long flat box-like shape, it is the radiant flux receive window that the solid ball heat sink drops into side towards radiant flux, rely on the gravity effect directly to absorb solar radiant energy from the heat absorbing solid sphere that low temperature storage spherical tank flows in the solid ball heat sink, the non-receiver radiation of solid ball heat sink can partly be coated with heat-insulation layer, heat-insulation layer can reduce heat loss, can bring into play sealing function again, prevent that the hot-air in it from flowing in the environment.
The solid ball stream heat dump course of work of the present invention is as follows:
The solar radiant energy of collecting through concentrating device projects on the radiant flux receive window of solid ball heat sink, the part solar radiant energy is absorbed and reflection by the non-translucent construction of radiant flux receive window, the part solar radiant energy sees through the heat absorbing solid sphere surface absorption that the radiant flux receive window is flowed, solar radiant energy is converted into the heat energy of heat absorbing solid sphere, the heat absorbing solid spherical surface temperature that has absorbed solar radiant energy raises, heat by conduction of heat to the heat absorbing solid sphere internal delivery.Because leave the space between heat absorbing solid sphere, solar radiant energy transmits between the heat absorbing solid sphere space, can be absorbed by the multilayer heat absorbing solid sphere.Be in contact with one another, have between the heat absorbing solid sphere of different surfaces temperature and carry out exchange heat by heat transfer process.The heat absorbing solid sphere that heat absorption back temperature raises is collected and is stored in the high temperature storage spherical tank, finishes endothermic process.
Low-temperature solid ball in the low temperature storage spherical tank of the present invention can flow in the solid ball heat sink in the effect of gravity, by the aperture of control low temperature storage spherical tank bottom valve and the size of low-temperature solid ball, can guarantee that the heat absorbing solid sphere in the solid ball heat sink remains the state that flows from top to bottom, each heat absorbing solid sphere zone that different radiant emittances distribute of all flowing through, avoided in some zone by the risk of superelevation radiant flux long-time heating, effectively alleviated the thermal stress damage that incident radiation energy distributions inequality is brought, the security that has improved heat dump.Described solid ball stream heat dump is owing to adopt the heat absorbing solid sphere heat absorption, and the elevated-temperature seal of heat dump inside is not had specific (special) requirements, and described solid ball stream heat dump can move under normal pressure.
The present invention is according to the heat absorbing solid ball material heat resistance of selecting for use, for obtaining temperature range under the high optically focused radiant emittance condition is that 800 ℃-2000 ℃ high-temp solid ball can conveniently be used for heat accumulation, can be used as also that high-quality thermal source directly adds hot-air or the steam generating is used.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments;
Fig. 1 solid ball stream heat dump schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 a grid control light formula solid ball heat sink structural representation;
Fig. 2 b grid control light formula solid ball heat sink radiant flux receive window left view;
Fig. 3 a net formula control light solid ball heat sink structural representation;
Fig. 3 b net formula control light solid ball heat sink radiant flux receive window left view;
Fig. 4 a windowpane formula solid ball heat sink structural representation;
Fig. 4 b windowpane formula solid ball heat sink radiant flux receive window left view;
Among the figure: 1 solid ball heat sink, 2 heat absorbing solid sphere, 3 radiant fluxes, 4 radiant flux receive windows, 5 low temperature storage spherical tank, 6 low-temperature solid balls, 7 low temperature storage spherical tank inlet valve, 8 low temperature storage spherical tank outlet valve, 9 high temperature storage spherical tank, 10 high-temp solid balls, 11 high temperature storage spherical tank inlet valve, 12 high temperature storage spherical tank outlet valve, 13 heat-insulation layers, 14 control light grids, 15 grid transparent areas, 16 control light nets, 17 control light net transparent areas, 18 windowpanes.
The specific embodiment
Figure 1 shows that solid ball stream heat dump schematic diagram of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, solid ball stream heat dump comprises solid ball heat sink 1, places high-temp solid ball 10, low temperature storage spherical tank 5 tops and bottom and the top of high temperature storage spherical tank 9 and the solid ball by-pass valve control of bottom of storage in the low-temperature solid ball 6 of storage in heat absorbing solid sphere 2, the radiant flux receive window 4 that flows in the solid ball heat sink 1, the low temperature storage spherical tank 5 that places solid ball heat sink 1 top, the low temperature storage spherical tank 5, the high temperature storage spherical tank 9 that places solid ball heat sink 1 bottom, the low temperature storage spherical tank 9 from top to bottom.It is radiant flux receive window 4 that solid ball heat sink 1 drops into side towards radiant flux 3.Low temperature storage spherical tank 5 is positioned at solid ball heat sink 1 top, and low-temperature solid ball 6 is housed in it, and low-temperature solid ball 6 stores up spherical tank inlet valve 7 and 8 controls of low temperature storage spherical tank outlet valve by low temperature from the inflow of low temperature storage spherical tank 5 respectively with outflow.Low-temperature solid ball 6 can flow in the solid ball heat sink 1 by the gravity effect, high temperature storage spherical tank 9 is positioned at solid ball heat sink 1 bottom, heat absorbing solid sphere 2 in the solid ball heat sink 1 can rely on the gravity effect to flow in the high temperature storage spherical tank 9 after absorbing enough energy, high temperature storage spherical tank 9 is used for splendid attire high-temp solid ball 10, and high-temp solid ball 10 stores up spherical tank inlet valve 11 and 12 controls of high temperature storage spherical tank outlet valve by high temperature from the inflow of high temperature storage spherical tank 9 respectively with outflow.
During operation, be full of the low-temperature solid ball 6 of sufficient amount in the low temperature storage spherical tank 5.During work, open low temperature storage spherical tank outlet valve 8 and high temperature storage spherical tank inlet valve 11, close low temperature storage spherical tank inlet valve 7 and high temperature storage spherical tank outlet valve 12, low-temperature solid ball 6 flows in the solid ball heat sink 1 by the gravity effect and becomes heat absorbing solid sphere 2, meanwhile, radiant flux 3 through assembling is in radiant flux receive window 4 projects solid ball heat sink 1, radiant flux 3 heating that heat absorbing solid sphere 2 is dropped into, temperature raises, by flow trace and the flowing time of control heat absorbing solid sphere 2 at solid ball heat sink 1, heat absorbing solid sphere 2 absorbs enough radiant energy becomes high-temp solid ball 10, and high-temp solid ball 10 flows in the high temperature storage spherical tank 9 by gravity and stores.This endothermic process can intermittent duty or operation continuously.
Solid ball heat sink 1 of the present invention has three kinds of grid control light formula, net formula control light formula and windowpane formulas, and Fig. 2,3,4 is respectively the structural representation of these three kinds of solid ball heat sinks 1.
Fig. 2 a is a grid control light formula solid ball heat sink structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 b is a grid control light formula solid ball heat sink radiant flux receive window left view.Shown in Fig. 2 a, b, solid ball heat sink 1 periphery is coated with heat-insulation layer 13, and heat-insulation layer 13 is used to reduce heat scattering and disappearing of environment towards periphery.Radiant flux receive window 4 is made up of control light grid 14 and grid transparent area 15, and control light grid 14 is made up of the many grid bars that are arranged in parallel, and does not contact the space formation grid transparent area 15 between many grid bars between the grid bar mutually.Control light grid 14 can be by metal or nonmetal making, can tolerate the long-term heating of the radiant flux 3 of input, pore size between the adjacent grid bar of control light grid 14 requires heat absorbing solid sphere 2 can not spill from grid transparent area 15 by the minimum dimension decision of heat absorbing solid sphere 2.
During work, radiant flux 3 through assembling projects radiant flux receive window 4, partial radiation can flow 3 controlled smooth grids 14 and absorb and reflection, partial radiation can flow 3 heat absorbing solid sphere 2 in grid transparent area 15 projects solid ball heat sink 1, and temperature raise gradually after heat absorbing solid sphere 2 absorbed heats.
Fig. 3 a is a net formula control light formula solid ball heat sink structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 3 b is a net formula control light formula solid ball heat sink radiant flux receive window left view.Shown in Fig. 3 a, b, solid ball heat sink 1 periphery is coated with heat-insulation layer 13, and heat-insulation layer 13 is used to reduce heat scattering and disappearing of environment towards periphery.Radiant flux receive window 4 is made up of control light net 16 and control light net transparent area 17, and the space that control light net 16 is respectively controlled between the light network framework constitutes control light net transparent area 17.Control light net 16 can tolerate the long-term heating of the radiant flux 3 of input by metal or nonmetal making, and the sizing grid of control light net 16 requires heat absorbing solid sphere 2 can not spill from control light net transparent area 17 by the minimum dimension decision of heat absorbing solid sphere 2.
During work, radiant flux 3 through assembling projects radiant flux receive window 4, partial radiation can flow 3 controlled light nets 16 and absorb and reflection, partial radiation can flow 3 through controlling the heat absorbing solid sphere 2 that light net transparent area 17 projects in the solid ball heat sink 1, and temperature raise gradually after heat absorbing solid sphere 2 absorbed heats.
Fig. 4 a is a windowpane formula solid ball heat sink structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 4 b is a windowpane formula solid ball heat sink radiant flux receive window left view.Shown in Fig. 4 a, b, solid ball heat sink 1 periphery is coated with heat-insulation layer 13, and heat-insulation layer 13 is used to reduce heat scattering and disappearing of environment towards periphery.Radiant flux receive window 4 is made of windowpane 18, can be assembled by glass or polylith glass, and the radiant flux 3 that is embedded in solid ball heat sink 1 drops into side.Windowpane 18 has higher light transmittance and can tolerate the long-term heating of the radiant flux 3 of input, simultaneously solid ball heat sink 1 is had sealing function.
During work, radiant flux 3 through assembling projects radiant flux receive window 4, the small part of radiant flux 3 is absorbed and reflects by windowpane 18, most of radiant flux 3 sees through windowpane 18 and projects on the heat absorbing solid sphere 2 in the solid ball heat sink 1, and temperature raise gradually after heat absorbing solid sphere 2 absorbed heats.
Claims (5)
1. solid sphere flux heat absorber for solar thermal power generation, it is characterized in that described solid ball stream heat dump comprises solid ball heat sink (1), be contained in the heat absorbing solid sphere (2) in the solid ball heat sink (1), radiant flux receive window (4), place the low temperature storage spherical tank (5) on solid ball heat sink (1) top, place the high temperature storage spherical tank (9) of solid ball heat sink (1) bottom, be installed in the low temperature storage spherical tank inlet valve (7) on low temperature storage spherical tank (5) top, be installed in the low temperature storage spherical tank outlet valve (8) of low temperature storage spherical tank (5) bottom, be installed in the high temperature storage spherical tank inlet valve (11) on high temperature storage spherical tank (9) top, be installed in the high temperature storage spherical tank outlet valve (12) of high temperature storage spherical tank (9) bottom; It is radiant flux receive window (4) that solid ball heat sink (1) drops into side towards radiant flux (3); Storage low-temperature solid ball (6) in the low temperature storage spherical tank (5), storage high-temp solid ball (10) in the high temperature storage spherical tank (9).
2. according to the said solid sphere flux heat absorber for solar thermal power generation of claim 1, the spherome surface that it is characterized in that described heat absorbing solid sphere (2) is black or scribbles solar selectively absorbing coating.
3. according to the said solid sphere flux heat absorber for solar thermal power generation of claim 1, it is characterized in that described solid ball heat sink (1) coats heat-insulation layer (13) on every side; Described radiant flux receive window (4) is made up of control light grid (14) and grid transparent area (15), controls light grid (14) and is made up of the many grid bars that are arranged in parallel, and does not contact the space formation grid transparent area (15) between many grid bars between the grid bar mutually; Control light grid (14) can tolerate the long-term heating of the radiant flux (3) of input; The minimum dimension of the grid spacing decision heat absorbing solid sphere (2) of control light grid (14) requires the grid spacing dimension size of control light grid (14) that heat absorbing solid sphere (2) can not spilt from grid transparent area (15).
4. according to the said solid sphere flux heat absorber for solar thermal power generation of claim 1, it is characterized in that described radiant flux receive window (4) is made up of control light net (16) and control light net transparent area (17), the space formation that control light net (16) is respectively controlled between the light network framework is controlled light net transparent area (17); Control light net (16) can tolerate the long-term heating of the radiant flux (3) of input, the sizing grid of control light net (16) is decided by the minimum dimension of heat absorbing solid sphere (2), requires the size of mesh opening size of control light net (16) that heat absorbing solid sphere (2) can not spilt from control light net transparent area (17).
5. according to the said solid sphere flux heat absorber for solar thermal power generation of claim 1, it is characterized in that described radiant flux receive window (4) is made of windowpane (18), windowpane (18) can tolerate the long-term heating of the radiant flux (3) of input.
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| CN 200910090284 CN101634490B (en) | 2009-08-04 | 2009-08-04 | Solid sphere flux heat absorber for solar thermal power generation |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106796052A (en) * | 2014-10-06 | 2017-05-31 | 巴布考克及威尔考克斯公司 | Concentrating solar receiver based on solid |
| CN107461946A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2017-12-12 | 中海阳能源集团股份有限公司 | A kind of solar energy heat-collecting heat-storage medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN108458506A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-28 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of solar energy thermal-power-generating solid particle heat dump |
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| CN110873471A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2020-03-10 | 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 | Heat absorption system and solar thermal power generation system |
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- 2009-08-04 CN CN 200910090284 patent/CN101634490B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN106796052A (en) * | 2014-10-06 | 2017-05-31 | 巴布考克及威尔考克斯公司 | Concentrating solar receiver based on solid |
| CN106796052B (en) * | 2014-10-06 | 2019-11-26 | 巴布考克及威尔考克斯公司 | Concentrating solar receiver based on solid |
| CN107461946A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2017-12-12 | 中海阳能源集团股份有限公司 | A kind of solar energy heat-collecting heat-storage medium and preparation method thereof |
| US11193695B2 (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2021-12-07 | Institute Of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Solar heat absorber, solar heat collecting system and solar power generation system with ceramic particles |
| CN108458506A (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-08-28 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of solar energy thermal-power-generating solid particle heat dump |
| CN108458506B (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2020-05-08 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Solid particle heat absorber for solar thermal power generation |
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| CN110873471A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2020-03-10 | 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 | Heat absorption system and solar thermal power generation system |
| CN110873471B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-11-19 | 浙江可胜技术股份有限公司 | Heat absorption system and solar thermal power generation system |
| CN110873472B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-11-23 | 浙江可胜技术股份有限公司 | Particle heat absorber, heat absorbing system comprising same and solar thermal power generation system |
| CN110873470B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-11-23 | 浙江可胜技术股份有限公司 | Particle heat absorber, heat absorption system comprising same and solar thermal power generation system |
| CN109749205A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-05-14 | 北京万邦达环保技术股份有限公司 | A kind of extinction fever ball and its preparation method and application |
| CN110512060A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2019-11-29 | 吴磊 | A kind of quenching tank that quenching efficiency is improved |
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| CN114440476B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2023-06-23 | 湖南科技大学 | Volumetric solar heat absorber |
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| CN101634490B (en) | 2010-12-01 |
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