CN101633133A - Machine tools and air pressure switching method for machine tools - Google Patents
Machine tools and air pressure switching method for machine tools Download PDFInfo
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- CN101633133A CN101633133A CN200910161203A CN200910161203A CN101633133A CN 101633133 A CN101633133 A CN 101633133A CN 200910161203 A CN200910161203 A CN 200910161203A CN 200910161203 A CN200910161203 A CN 200910161203A CN 101633133 A CN101633133 A CN 101633133A
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- pressure
- air
- cutting oil
- main shaft
- loop
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
- B23Q11/1015—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work by supplying a cutting liquid through the spindle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/007—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for managing machine functions not concerning the tool
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an air pressure switching method for machine tools. The inventive machine tool comprises a detection part, an air pressure switching device and a control device. The detection part detects whether an cutting oil is existing for supplying to the front end part of the tool. The air pressure switching device switches the pressure of the air supplied by a loop which is formed by sealing the air into high pressure or low pressure. The control device controls the air pressure switching device based on the detection of the detection part and switches the pressure of the air supplied by the loop formed by sealing the air into high pressure when the cutting oil is supplied. The control device controls the air pressure switching device and switches the pressure of the air supplied by the loop formed by sealing the air into low pressure when the cutting oil is not supplied. When the cutting oil is supplied, the high-pressure air seal membrane reliably isolate the cutting oil and prevents it entering into a bearing of a main shaft. When the cutting oil is not supplied, the air consumption quantity is reduced to lower the running cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly can supply with cutting oil, and can around instrument and main shaft, form the lathe and the air pressure switching method of aeroseal film towards the leading section that is installed in the instrument on the main shaft.
Background technology
Machining center (Machining Centre) is a lathe of carrying out multiple processing such as Milling Process, boring processing, tapping processing by automatic tool exchange.Machining center comprises: holding tools portion, tool replacing apparatus.The multiple instrument that is maintained on the tool retainer is taken in by holding tools portion.Holding tools portion sends required instrument towards changing the position.Tool replacing apparatus is being changed the instrument that the receiving tool incorporating section is sent on the position.The instrument that the tool replacing apparatus carrying is received is installed in it on main shaft.Simultaneously, tool replacing apparatus is pulled down the instrument of finishing using from main shaft.Tool replacing apparatus is transported to the instrument of pulling down and changes the position, makes it return holding tools portion.
The instrument that is installed on the main shaft rotates processing work by the rotation of main shaft.Machining center produces smear metal because of the tool processes workpiece.The smear metal that produces is sometimes attached on the tool retainer, and enters between tool retainer and the main shaft when the instrument of replacing.Can produce the problem that this smear metal hinders tool positioned, the more problems such as problem of making a mess of main shaft and tool retainer thus.
In order to solve the problem that smear metal causes, the front end ejection cutting oil of the instrument of lathe in the past from processing washes away smear metal.From the front end of instrument ejection cutting oil the time, cutting oil is ejected into sometimes on the workpiece and rebounds, and enters the bearing of supports main shaft.The lubricating grease that the cutting oil that enters can be used lubricating bearings washes away, and has the problem of the durability decline of bearing.
In the lathe of 1991 No. 130341 communique record of the practical new case communique of the day disclosure,, and in above-mentioned gap, shading ring is set from the gap ejection air of main shaft and bearing cap.Shading ring is converted to radiation direction with the air of ejection and the direction of cutting oil.The cutting oil that rebounds from workpiece can not enter bearing because of air and the shading ring that sprays.
The lathe of 1991 No. 130341 communique record of the practical new case communique of the day disclosure is provided with shading ring, and number of spare parts increases, the manufacturing cost rising.Because from the air of gap ejection high pressure, so shading ring becomes unnecessary.In this case, the consumption figure of air is more, and the operating cost of lathe increases.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly switch to the lathe of high pressure and the air pressure switching method of lathe at the air that aeroseal is formed when the leading section of instruments such as drill bit is supplied with cutting oil the loop ejection.
The lathe of technical scheme 1 comprises: towards the leading section that is installed in the instrument on the main shaft supply with cutting oil the cutting oil supply circuit, from the end ejection air of main shaft shell and form will above-mentioned main shaft and instrument around the aeroseal of the aeroseal film that surrounds with ring-type form the loop, also comprise: whether detect above-mentioned cutting oil supply circuit at the test section of supplying with cutting oil; The pressure that above-mentioned aeroseal is formed the air of supplying with in the loop switches to the air pressure switching device of high pressure or low pressure; And when above-mentioned test section detects the supply of cutting oil, move above-mentioned air pressure switching device is switched to the high-pressure side, moves the control device that above-mentioned air pressure switching device is switched to low-pressure side when above-mentioned test section does not detect the supply of cutting oil.
Whether test section detects is supplying with cutting oil towards the leading section that is installed in the instrument on the main shaft.Control device is controlled the change action of air pressure switching device according to the detection of test section.The pressure of the air that aeroseal formation loop is supplied with becomes high pressure by the action of air pressure switching device.Aeroseal forms the loop and forms the annular seal film that firmly surrounds around main shaft and the instrument.Diaphragm seal cuts off the cutting oil that rebounds from workpiece.Therefore, this cutting oil can not enter the bearing that supports this main shaft.The pressure that aeroseal forms the air of supplying with in the loop becomes low pressure when not supplying with cutting oil, reduce the consumption figure of air.
In the lathe of technical scheme 2, above-mentioned test section detects the supply that has or not above-mentioned cutting oil according to the control command of procedure.
Because test section detects the supply that has or not cutting oil according to the control command of procedure, therefore can under the situation of not using specific detectors, detect the supply of cutting oil reliably.
In the lathe of technical scheme 3, above-mentioned air pressure switching device has: be configured in above-mentioned aeroseal and form solenoid-operated proportional pressure-control valve on the loop and the valve control part of controlling this solenoid-operated proportional pressure-control valve.
Air pressure switching device has: solenoid-operated proportional pressure-control valve and the valve control part of controlling this solenoid-operated proportional pressure-control valve, therefore, energy is the pressure size of setting air suitably.
In the lathe of technical scheme 4, above-mentioned air pressure switching device comprises: be configured in the direction transfer valve that flows that above-mentioned aeroseal forms low-pressure regulator and high pressure regulator on the loop, switches air between this low-pressure regulator and high pressure regulator side by side.
Air pressure switching device can be utilized and be configured in aeroseal and form loop pressure-control valve or low-pressure regulator, high pressure regulator and direction transfer valve and constitute simply midway.Pressure-control valve adopts proportional pressure control valve, thereby can suitably set the size of high pressure and low pressure.
In the air pressure switching method of the lathe of technical scheme 5, above-mentioned lathe comprises: the cutting oil supply circuit of supplying with cutting oil towards the leading section that is installed in the instrument on the main shaft, from the end of main shaft shell ejection air and form will above-mentioned main shaft and instrument around the aeroseal of the aeroseal film that surrounds with ring-type form the loop, when above-mentioned cutting oil supply circuit is supplied with cutting oil, the pressure that makes above-mentioned aeroseal form the air of supplying with in the loop becomes high pressure, when above-mentioned cutting oil supply circuit was not supplied with cutting oil, the pressure that makes above-mentioned aeroseal form the air of supplying with in the loop became low pressure.
When the cutting oil supply circuit is not supplied with cutting oil towards the leading section that is installed in the instrument on the main shaft, aeroseal formation loop is set at low pressure with the pressure of the air of supply, when the cutting oil supply circuit was supplied with cutting oil towards the leading section that is installed in the instrument on the main shaft, aeroseal formation loop was set at high pressure with the pressure of the air of supply.The air pressure switching method of above-mentioned lathe seals the cutting oil that rebounds and from workpiece from the front end ejection back of instrument by the air of high pressure.Therefore, can prevent effectively that cutting oil from entering the bearing of main shaft.
The pressure that aeroseal forms the air of supplying with in the loop becomes low pressure when not supplying with cutting oil, reduce the consumption figure of air.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of lathe of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of machine tool main body of the lathe of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the front view of spindle nose and tool replacing apparatus.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of seeing from the below of main shaft and tool replacing apparatus.
Fig. 5 is the front view that comprises the pillar of spindle nose and main shaft.
Fig. 6 is arranged on the side view of the main shaft on the spindle nose.
Fig. 7 is the enlarged drawing of the major part of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is the amplification view of the fore-end of main shaft.
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of cutting oil supply circuit.
Figure 10 is the block diagram of the control system of lathe.
Figure 11 is the figure of an example of expression procedure.
Figure 12 is the flow chart of the step of expression air pressure switching controls.
Figure 13 is the block diagram of the structure of expression air pressure switching device.
Figure 14 is the block diagram of structure of second embodiment of expression air pressure switching device.
Figure 15 is equipped with manometric figure in second embodiment of air pressure switching device, be equivalent to Fig. 6.
Figure 16 is the figure that pressure sensor is installed in second embodiment of air pressure switching device, is equivalent to Fig. 6.
The specific embodiment
Accompanying drawing below with reference to the expression preferred forms describes the present invention in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, lathe 1 of the present invention (machining center) comprising: the base station 2 of cast iron, cover the protection baffle plate 4 on the top of this base station 2.The outside that protection baffle plate 4 will be arranged on the machine tool main body 3 (with reference to Fig. 2) on the base station 2 surrounds.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, base station 2 is the rectangular-shaped of the last length of Y direction (fore-and-aft direction).Base station 2 is arranged on the floor by the 2a of foot in four corners that are arranged on the bottom.
As shown in Figure 1, protection baffle plate 4 is casees of cuboid.Protection baffle plate 4 is fixed on the base station 2.Two fan doors 5,6 are configured in the front portion of protection baffle plate 4. Door 5,6 comprises: windowpane 5a, 6a; And handle 5b, 6b.Door 5,6 can move along left and right directions.The operator is by catching handle 5b, 6b, and moving door 5,6 opens and closes the front surface of protecting baffle plate 4.The operator opens door 5,6, installs and removes workpiece on the workbench 10 of machine tool main body 3.Workpiece on the workbench 10 is carried out processing under door 5,6 pent states.The operator is by being arranged on the windowpane 5a on the door 5,6, the machining state that 6a confirms workpiece.
The guidance panel 80 of operation lathe 1 is arranged on the anterior right side of protection baffle plate 4.Guidance panel 80 comprises: operating portion 81, display part 82.Operating portion 81 is the keyboards that have the numerical key that is used to set various numerical value, are used to indicate the operated key etc. of various operations.Display part 82 is the displays at content of operation of the operating condition of screen displayed lathe 1, operating portion 81 etc.The operator is by checking the demonstration of display part 82, and operating operation portion 81 specifies the procedure of workpiece, the kind of employed instrument 26 (with reference to Fig. 3) etc.
As shown in figure 10, the operating portion 81 of guidance panel 80 is connected with the input interface 54 of control device 50.Control device 50 is the microcomputers that connect CPU51, ROM52 and RAM53 by bus 57.The CPU51 of control device 50 reads in the content of operation of operating portion 81 by input interface 54.CPU51 moves according to the control program that is stored in the ROM52 by the content of operation with reference to operating portion 81, controls lathe 1.
The display part 82 of guidance panel 80 drives loop 65 by display part and is connected with the output interface 55 of control device 50.The CPU51 of control device 50 drives loop 65 by output interface 55 towards display part and sends action command.Display part 82 carries out required demonstration by the action that display part drives loop 65.
As shown in Figure 2, machine tool main body 3 comprises: be arranged on the center upper portion of base station 2 workbench 10, be arranged on the pillar (Column) 16 of workbench 10 rear sides.
Workbench 10 is supported on the top of base station 2 by the brace table 12 with rectangular shape.Brace table 12 comprises the X-axis feed guide (not shown) that extends along X-direction (left and right directions) at an upper portion thereof.The X-axis feed guide supports to workbench 10 can move.Workbench 10 moves up at right and left along the X-axis feed guide by the rotation of X-axis motor 71 (with reference to Figure 10).
The top of X-axis feed guide is covered by telescopic lid 13,14. Lid 13,14 is connected with side about workbench 10. Lid 13,14 moves along X-direction by workbench 10 and stretches, and covers the top of X-axis feed guide all the time.
The preceding upper lateral part of Y-axis feed guide is covered by telescopic protecgulum 15.Protecgulum 15 is connected with the front surface of brace table 12.Protecgulum 15 moves along Y direction by brace table 12 and workbench 10 and stretches.The back upper lateral part of Y-axis feed guide is covered by the bonnet of chevron (not shown).The leading section of bonnet is connected with the rear surface of brace table 12.The rearward end of bonnet runs through the bottom of pillar 16 and extends to the rear.Bonnet moves and moves along fore-and-aft direction along Y direction by brace table 12 and workbench 10.Protecgulum 15 and bonnet cover the top of Y-axis feed guide all the time.
The smear metal that lid 13,14, protecgulum 15 and bonnet disperse when preventing on workbench 10 processing work and the spittle of cutting oil are attached on X-axis feed guide and the Y-axis feed guide.Workbench 10 can successfully move along the X-axis feed guide.Workbench 10 and brace table 12 can successfully move along the Y-axis feed guide.
The form that pillar 16 is upwards erect with vertical is provided with in the present portion 23, and this one 23 is arranged on the base station 2.Pillar 16 comprises the Z axle feed guide (not shown) that extends along Z-direction (above-below direction) in its front portion.Z axle feed guide supports main shaft head 7.Spindle nose 7 rises and descends along Z axle feed guide by the rotation of Z axle motor 73 (with reference to Figure 10).
As shown in figure 10, X-axis motor 71 is connected with the output interface 55 of control device 50 by X-axis driving loop 61.Y-axis motor 72 drives loop 62 by Y-axis and is connected with the output interface 55 of control device 50.Z axle motor 73 drives loop 63 by the Z axle and is connected with the output interface 55 of control device 50.Spindle Motor 8 is connected with the output interface 55 of control device 50 by main shaft drives loop 64.
The CPU51 of control device 50 drives loop 61, Y-axis driving loop 62, Z axle driving loop 63 and main shaft drives loop 64 towards X-axis respectively by output interface 55 and sends action command.X-axis motor 71 rotates by the action that X-axis drives loop 61.Y-axis motor 71 rotates by the action that Y-axis drives loop 62.Z axle motor 73 rotates by the action that the Z axle drives loop 63.Spindle Motor 8 rotates by the action in main shaft drives loop 64.
As shown in Figure 2, pillar 16 is at its rear side support and control case 19.Control device 50 is accommodated in the inside of control cabinet 19.Pillar 16 is at its right side supporting tool changing device (ATC) 20 more.Tool replacing apparatus 20 comprises: tool storage room 21, replacing arm 22.
As shown in Figure 3, tool storage room 21 is configured in the right side of spindle nose 7.Changing arm 22 is configured between tool storage room 21 and the main shaft shell 9.Tool storage room 21 is taken in the multiple instrument that uses in the processing.Tool storage room 21 is sent instrument according to the instruction of control device 50 towards changing the position.
Change the lower end that arm 22 is installed in the arm axle 22c that extends along the vertical direction.When arm axle 22c rotates, change arm 22 and in horizontal plane, rotate.When arm axle 22c is mobile vertically, changes arm 22 and rise or descend.As shown in Figure 4, change arm 22 and comprise: with arm axle 22c is two arm 22b, the 22b that extend each other in the opposite direction at the center, and grasping part 22a, the 22a of arm 22b, 22b front end.
As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, main shaft 9a is hollow axle, is supported on the inside of main shaft shell 9 by up and down bearing 9b, the 9c of separate configuration.
As Fig. 6～shown in Figure 8, main shaft 9a comprises tool mounting hole 29 on its bottom.Tool mounting hole 29 has towards the shape of top taper undergauge.Main shaft 9a side within it comprises: pull bar 25, handle sturcture 28.Pull bar 25 is by force application mechanism 27 application of force up.Handle sturcture 28 is configured in the top of tool mounting hole 29.Handle sturcture 28 links with the lower end of pull bar 25.
When changing arm 22 rotations, the grasping part 22a, the 22a that change arm 22 alternately move to the replacing position of the lower position and the tool storage room 21 of main shaft shell 9.The tool retainer 60 that is positioned at the instrument 26 that the grasping part 22a that changes the position sends tool storage room 21 is caught.The grasping part 22a that is positioned at the lower position of main shaft shell 9 will be installed in the tool retainer 60 of the instrument 26 on the main shaft 9a and catch.
As shown in Figure 3, instrument 26 remains on the tool retainer 60.Tool retainer 60 comprises: handle (shank) 60a of portion, pulling double-screw bolt (retention knob) 60b of portion.Shank 60a is towards the cone shape of front end taper undergauge.Pulling the double-screw bolt 60b of portion is and the fixing pole of the leading section of shank 60a.
As shown in Figure 3, change grasping part 22a, the 22a of arm 22 so that shank 60a and pull the double-screw bolt 60b of portion form up tool retainer 60 is caught.When changing arm 22 declines, the tool retainer 60,60 of the instrument 26,26 that grasping part 22a, 22a are caught leaves towards the below of tool storage room 21 and main shaft 9a.When changing arm 22 Rotate 180s °, tool retainer 60,60 reversing of position of instrument 26,26.Change arm 22 by rising behind Rotate 180 °, the tool retainer 60 of the instrument 26 that a grasping part 22a is caught is installed on the main shaft 9a, and makes the tool retainer 60 of the instrument 2 that another grasping part 22a caught return tool storage room 21.
The shank 60a of tool retainer 60 is close to the tool mounting hole 29 that is arranged on the main shaft 9a by the rising of changing arm 22, and tool retainer 60 and instrument 26 are positioned on the axle center of main shaft 9a.The pulling double-screw bolt 60b of portion of tool retainer 60 enters the handle sturcture 28 continuous with tool mounting hole 29.Handle sturcture 28 is caught by the front end of the pulling double-screw bolt 60b of portion that will enter, prevents coming off of tool retainer 60 and instrument 26.
The cutting oil that pump 78 will cut fuel tank 79 storages draws up, and discharges after pressurization.The discharge side of pump 78 is connected with the top of joint 30 with Spindle Motor 8 by cutting oil flexible pipe 31.As shown in Figure 6, joint 30 links with cutting oil path 24a, 25a.Cutting oil path 24a is formed in the path on the output shaft 24 of Spindle Motor 8.Cutting oil path 25a is the path that the axle center part of the pull bar 25 in main shaft 9a runs through formation.The cutting oil that pump 78 is discharged arrives the leading section of main shaft 9a via the inside of cutting oil flexible pipe 31 and cutting oil path 24a, 25a.
The cutting oil that arrives main shaft 9a front end is via the front end ejection of the internal path (not shown) that is installed in tool retainer 60 on the tool mounting hole 29 and instrument 26 from instrument 26.The cutting oil of ejection cools off workpiece and instrument 26, and the smear metal that produces is washed away.
As shown in figure 10, pump 76,78 is connected with the output interface 55 of control device 50 by pump driving loop 66,68.The CPU51 of control device 50 drives loop 66,68 towards pump respectively by output interface 55 and sends action command, driving pump 76,78.
As Fig. 6～shown in Figure 8, main shaft shell 9 comprises the fixing bearing cap 33 by plurality of bolts 33a in its bottom.Bearing cap 33 comprises the air flue 33c that radially runs through.The medial end of air flue 33c is at air chamber 34 inner openings that are arranged on the ring-type between bearing cap 33 and the main shaft 9a.The outboard end of air flue 33c links with air supply source 49 (with reference to Figure 13) by joint 38 and air hose 39.
The periphery of main shaft 9a in its lower end comprises labyrinth (labyrinth) parts 35.Labyrinth parts 35 are fixed on boundary portion with bearing cap 33 by plurality of bolts 35a.Form labyrinth path 37 between labyrinth parts 35 and the bearing cap 33.Labyrinth path 37 links to each other with air chamber 34 with annulus 36 between the main shaft 9a by bearing cap 33.Air outlet 32 is to be arranged on the lower surface of labyrinth parts 35 with the continuous form of labyrinth path 37.
Aeroseal forms the loop and by air hose 39 and joint 38 forced air that air supply source 49 produces is sent into air flue 33c.Forced air in the air flue 33c is via air chamber 34, annulus 36 and labyrinth path 37, blows out towards the below from the air outlet 32 of ring-type.The air that air outlet 32 blows out forms the aeroseal film that ring-type around the main shaft 9a is surrounded.The aeroseal film will be from the ejection of the front end of instrument 26, be ejected on the workpiece and the cutting oil that rebounds cuts off.
Aeroseal forms the loop and comprises air pressure switching device 40, and the pressure that this air pressure switching device 40 will be sent into the air of air flue 33c switches to high pressure (for example 0.1MPa) or low pressure (for example 0.03MPa).As shown in figure 13, air pressure switching device 40 comprises the pressure-control valve 41 on the discharge line 43 that is configured in air supply source 49.Pressure-control valve 41 is solenoid-operated proportional pressure-control valves.Discharge line 43 is connected with air hose 39.
As shown in figure 10, pressure-control valve 41 is connected with the output interface 55 of control device 50 by valve driving loop 69.The CPU51 of control device 50 drives loop 69 by output interface 55 towards valve and sends action command.Valve drives the solenoid 42 of loop 69 driving pressure control valves 41.The pressure of the air of sending towards discharge line 43 for example becomes high pressure by the solenoid 42 of driving pressure control valve 41.
Figure 11 is an example of the procedure that the display part 82 of guidance panel 80 shows in the processing of expression workpiece.Procedure is put down in writing with the NC language.Display part 82 shows procedure by the piece of multirow.The piece of procedure comprises the required control commands of action such as rotation of the relatively moving of workpiece on the execution work platform 10 and instrument 26, instrument 26.
" M494 " among Figure 11 is cutting oil is supplied with in indication towards the front end of instrument 26 control command." M495 " is the control command that the supply of indication cutting oil stops.The CPU51 of control device 50 will be when carrying out control command " M494 " during to execution control command " M495 " during be judged to be and supply with cutting oil.
According to the flow chart of Figure 12, the air pressure switching controls that control device 50 is carried out describes.Si among Figure 12 (i=1,2 ...) be the step number of the action step of expression CPU51.
When lathe 1 started, the pressure-control valve 41 of air pressure switching device 40 switched to low-pressure side.Air outlet 32 is discharged the air of low pressure all the time.Move the workpiece on the lathe 1 processing workbench 10 by CPU51 procedure according to the rules.Procedure is operated the operating portion 81 of guidance panel 80 by the operator and is selected.CPU51 reads in the operating area of RAM53 with selected procedure, begins processing according to procedure and handles.
When lathe 1 started, the CPU51 of control device 50 carried out (S1) of initial setting action.The initial setting action comprises: the action, the wait that pressure-control valve 41 are switched to low-pressure side select the wait of procedure to select action by the operation of operating portion 81.
The CPU51 of control device 50 is that unit reads in the piece with selected procedure, and interpretative order content (S2).Whether the CPU51 decision instruction content of control device 50 is ejection instructions (S3) of low pressure cutting oil.(S3 when being the ejection instruction; Be), the CPU51 of control device 50 begins the supply (S4) of low pressure cutting oil.
The low pressure cutting oil is the cutting oil that discharge nozzle 11 is discharged.In S4, the CPU51 of control device 50 sends action command towards pump driving loop 66 and comes driving pump 76.The low pressure cutting oil that discharge nozzle 11 is discharged is ejected on the workpiece on the workbench 10, in the processing, cooling workpiece and instrument 26.(S3 when the command content of S2 is not the ejection instruction of low pressure cutting oil; Not), whether the CPU51 decision instruction content of control device 50 is ejection halt instructions (S5) of low pressure cutting oil.(S5 when being the ejection halt instruction; Be), the CPU51 of control device 50 stops the supply (S6) of low pressure cutting oil.In S6, the CPU51 of control device 50 stops the action command that pump drives loop 66, stops pump 76.
Command content at S2 is not the ejection of low pressure cutting oil, (S3, S5 during any instruction in the halt instruction; ), whether the CPU51 decision instruction content of control device 50 is not ejection instructions (S7) of high pressure cutting oil.(S7 when being the ejection instruction of high pressure cutting oil; Be), the CPU51 of control device 50 begins the supply of high pressure cutting oil, and the pressure of the air that air pressure switching device 40 is supplied with switches to high pressure (for example 0.1MPa) (S8).
The high pressure cutting oil is via the inside of the main shaft 9a cutting oil from the front end ejection of instrument 26.In S8, the CPU51 of control device 50 sends action command towards pump driving loop 68 and comes driving pump 78.From the cutting oil cooling of tool 26 and the workpiece of the front end of instrument 26 ejection, and the smear metal that produces during with processing work washes away.
Simultaneously, the CPU51 of control device 50 drives loop 69 towards valve and sends action command, the solenoid 42 of driving pressure control valve 41.Air outlet 32 blows out the air of high pressure, firmly forms the aeroseal film that surrounds with ring-type around main shaft 9a and the instrument 26.The aeroseal film prevents to be ejected on the workpiece and the cutting oil that rebounds enters bearing 9b.Therefore, lathe 1 can be eliminated lubricating grease that lubricating bearings 9b the uses problem because of the cutting oil stripping.
Only blowing out of pressure-air implemented during the front end ejection cutting oil of instrument 26.The consumption figure of air can suppress lowlyer, can reduce the operating cost of lathe 1.The present invention can implement simply by appending air pressure switching device 40.
When the CPU51 of control device 50 moved according to the flow chart of Figure 12, it was condition that the beginning of high pressure cutting oil sprays that ejection with the low pressure cutting oil stops.The ejection concurrently simultaneously of low pressure cutting oil and high pressure cutting oil.
(S7 when the command content of S2 is not the ejection instruction of high pressure cutting oil; Not), whether the CPU51 decision instruction content of control device 50 is ejection halt instructions (S9) of high pressure cutting oil.(S9 when being the ejection halt instruction; Be), the CPU51 of control device 50 stops the supply of high pressure cutting oil, and the air pressure switching device 40 that will supply with air pressure switches to low pressure (for example 0.03MPa) (S10).
In S10, the CPU51 of control device 50 stops to issue the action command that pump drives loop 68, stops pump 78.Simultaneously, the CPU51 of control device 50 stops to issue the action command that valve drives loop 69, stops the driving of the solenoid 42 of pressure-control valve 41.
Command content at S2 is not the ejection of ejection, halt instruction and the high pressure cutting oil of low pressure cutting oil, (S3, S5, S7, S9 during any instruction in the halt instruction; ), whether the CPU51 decision instruction content of control device 50 is not EP (end of program) instructions (S11).(S11 when command content is the EP (end of program) instruction; Be), the CPU51 finishing control action of control device 50.
(S11 when command content is not the EP (end of program) instruction; Not), the CPU51 of control device 50 carries out other processing (S12) according to each command content.
The CPU51 of control device 50 transfers to the following piece (S13) of procedure, returns S2, explains new command content.After S4, S6, S8, S10 carried out, the CPU51 of control device 50 also carried out S13.
In the superincumbent action, the CPU51 of control device 50 judges that according to control command (" M494 " and " M495 ") supply of high pressure cutting oil begins and supply with to stop.Have or not the supply of high pressure cutting oil under the situation of not using special detection device, to detect reliably.The CPU51 that carries out S3, S5, S7, S9 is equivalent to test section.The CPU51 that carries out S8, S10 is equivalent to the valve control part.
Solenoid-operated proportional pressure-control valve and valve drive the flow that the voltage of exporting in loop 69 changes the air of process solenoid-operated proportional pressure-control valve pro rata.Pressure-control valve 41 adopts the solenoid-operated proportional pressure-control valve, thereby can change the pressure size of pressure-air and low-pressure air as required.The pressure (0.1MPa) of the pressure of above-mentioned low-pressure air (0.03MPa), pressure-air is illustration, can suitably change.
Figure 14 represents second embodiment of air pressure switching device.The air pressure switching device 40A of Figure 14 comprises low-pressure regulator 91, high pressure regulator 92 and the direction transfer valve 93 on the discharge line 43 that is configured in air supply source 49.Low-pressure regulator 91 is connected side by side with high pressure regulator 92.Direction transfer valve 93 is configured in the downstream of low-pressure regulator 91 and high pressure regulator 92.
Direction transfer valve 93 carries out change action according to the action command from control device 50.The air-flow that air supply source 49 produces flows through low-pressure regulator 91 when direction transfer valve 93 is positioned at first switching position.Aeroseal forms the air that low pressure is sent in the loop.The air-flow that air supply source 49 produces flows through high pressure regulator 92 when direction transfer valve 93 is positioned at second switching position.Aeroseal forms the air that high pressure is sent in the loop.
Pressure gauge 94 is configured between low-pressure regulator 91 and the direction transfer valve 93.Pressure gauge 95 is configured between high pressure regulator 92 and the direction transfer valve 93.The detected pressures of pressure gauge 94,95 begins, supplies with the supply that stops with the high pressure cutting oil and begins, supplies with in the detection that stops and using in the supply of low pressure cutting oil.
Pressure gauge also can dispose shown in Figure 15 (being illustrated as pressure gauge 97) and Figure 16 (being illustrated as pressure sensor 99).
Among Figure 15, pressure gauge 97 is installed on the joint 30, and this joint 30 will be connected to the top of Spindle Motor 8 from pump 78 extended cutting oil flexible pipes 31.97 pairs of pressure towards the cutting oil of the internal path supply of tool retainer 60 and instrument 26 of pressure gauge detect.
During less than a reference value (for example 1V), control device 50 is judged to be and supplies with the low pressure cutting oil at the detection signal of pressure gauge 97.When the detection signal of pressure gauge 97 equated with a reference value or be bigger than a reference value, control device 50 was judged to be and supplies with the high pressure cutting oil.
Among Figure 16, pressure sensor 99 is installed in the pressure port of the leading section periphery upper shed of main shaft shell 9.Pressure port links to each other with the leading section of main shaft 9a.Pressure sensor 99 detects the pressure of the cutting oil of the leading section that arrives main shaft 9a.The surge of the cutting oil that pressure sensor 99 detects front end ejection from instrument 26, rebound with the workpiece collision.
The detection signal of pressure sensor 99 changes in the scope of 0V～5V.The variable quantity of detection signal is corresponding with the surge of cutting oil.Detection signal at pressure sensor 99 is Vd[V] time, the CPU51 of control device 50 makes aeroseal form the pressure P A[MPa of the pressure-air of supplying with in the loop] for example be changed to PA=(1/50) * Vd.
The pressure energy of pressure-air is adjusted meticulously according to the size of the surge of the cutting oil that rebounds from workpiece.
Variation to partial alteration's embodiment described above describes below.
1) link position of air hose 39 is not limited to the position shown in the embodiment.Air hose 39 also can be connected with the end of air flue 33c on being arranged on spindle nose 7 or main shaft shell 9.
2) cutting oil supply road 24a, 25a are arranged on the output shaft 24 and pull bar 25 of Spindle Motor 8 in the embodiment.Cutting oil flexible pipe 31 also can be arranged on the swivel joint of output shaft 24 and be connected with the joint portion of pull bar 25, directly supply with the internal feed cutting oil of road 25a towards cutting oil.
3) lathe 1 of embodiment is the vertical machine of workbench 10 and instrument separate configuration about in the of 26.
The present invention also can be applied to horizontal machine tool.
Can be clear and definite according to top detailed description, lathe of the present invention comprises test section, air pressure switching device and control device.Test section detects the cutting oil of the leading section ejection that the instrument of having no way of is arranged.Air pressure switching device switches to high pressure or low pressure with the pressure that aeroseal forms the air of supplying with in the loop.Control device is controlled the change action of air pressure switching device according to the detection of test section.When supplying with cutting oil, the pressure that aeroseal is formed the air of supplying with in the loop is made as high pressure, firmly forms the aeroseal film of the ring-type of will surround around instrument and the main shaft.The aeroseal film cuts off cutting oil and makes it rest on inside, prevents that it from entering the bearing of supports main shaft.Bearing keeps preventing lubricated kilter with the lubricating grease stripping.When not supplying with cutting oil, the pressure that aeroseal is formed the air of supplying with in the loop is made as low pressure.Therefore, lathe can reduce the consumption figure of air, reduces operating cost.
Claims (5)
1. lathe, comprise: towards the leading section that is installed in the instrument on the main shaft supply with cutting oil the cutting oil supply circuit, from the end ejection air of main shaft shell and form will described main shaft and instrument around the aeroseal of the aeroseal film that surrounds with ring-type form the loop, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Test section, this test section detect described cutting oil supply circuit and whether are supplying with cutting oil;
Air pressure switching device, this air pressure switching device switches to high pressure or low pressure with the pressure that described aeroseal forms the air of supplying with in the loop; And
Control device, when described test section detects the supply of cutting oil, described control device switches to the high-pressure side with described air pressure switching device, and when described checkout gear did not detect the supply of cutting oil, described control device switched to low-pressure side with described air pressure switching device.
2. lathe as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described test section detects the supply that has or not described cutting oil according to the control command of procedure.
3. lathe as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that,
Described air pressure switching device has:
Be configured in described aeroseal form on the loop the solenoid-operated proportional pressure-control valve and
Control the valve control part of described solenoid-operated proportional pressure-control valve.
4. lathe as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that described air pressure switching device has: be configured in the direction transfer valve that flows that described aeroseal forms low-pressure regulator on the loop and high pressure regulator and switch air between this low-pressure regulator and high pressure regulator side by side.
5. the air pressure switching method of a lathe, described lathe comprises: towards the leading section that is installed in the instrument on the main shaft supply with cutting oil the cutting oil supply circuit, from the end ejection air of main shaft shell and form will described main shaft and instrument around the aeroseal of the aeroseal film that surrounds with ring-type form the loop, the air pressure switching method of described lathe is characterised in that
When described cutting oil supply circuit is supplied with cutting oil, the pressure that makes described aeroseal form the air of supplying with in the loop becomes high pressure, when described cutting oil supply circuit was not supplied with cutting oil, the pressure that makes described aeroseal form the air of supplying with in the loop became low pressure.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008189348 | 2008-07-23 | ||
| JP2008189348A JP2010023202A (en) | 2008-07-23 | 2008-07-23 | Numerical value control type machine tool, and air pressure switching method for numerical value control type machine tool |
| JP2008-189348 | 2008-07-23 |
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| CN101633133A true CN101633133A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
| CN101633133B CN101633133B (en) | 2014-02-19 |
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| CN200910161203.8A Active CN101633133B (en) | 2008-07-23 | 2009-07-17 | Machine tools and air pressure switching method for machine tools |
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| JP (1) | JP2010023202A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101027214B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101633133B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110744076A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-02-04 | 发那科株式会社 | Spindle device |
| CN113203517A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-03 | 上海冉能自动化科技有限公司 | Air pressure detection method |
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| CN102941505B (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2015-07-29 | 无锡贝斯特精机股份有限公司 | Movable spring air tightness detection apparatus |
| JP6581170B2 (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-09-25 | ファナック株式会社 | Machine Tools |
| CN110193641B (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2024-06-14 | 南京宁庆数控机床制造有限公司 | Lathe bed of electrolytic machining lathe |
| CN111037358B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-01-19 | 绍兴圣万特热流道有限公司 | Hot runner mold machining equipment capable of improving automation degree |
| CN112935871A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-11 | 济宁市技师学院 | Numerical control machine tool with machining cutter capable of monitoring feedback in real time |
| CN114472933B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-06-24 | 南通固邦数控机床有限公司 | A high-efficient type digit control machine tool for parts machining |
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| JPH1190761A (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-04-06 | Enshu Ltd | Main spindle air curtain device |
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| JP4897311B2 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2012-03-14 | オークマ株式会社 | Dust-proof mechanism of main spindle |
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| CN201027986Y (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-02-27 | 北京精雕科技有限公司 | Helical seal device at end of electric principal shaft |
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- 2008-07-23 JP JP2008189348A patent/JP2010023202A/en active Pending
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110744076A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-02-04 | 发那科株式会社 | Spindle device |
| US11052503B2 (en) | 2018-07-23 | 2021-07-06 | Fanuc Corporation | Spindle device |
| CN113203517A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-03 | 上海冉能自动化科技有限公司 | Air pressure detection method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101027214B1 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
| JP2010023202A (en) | 2010-02-04 |
| KR20100010908A (en) | 2010-02-02 |
| CN101633133B (en) | 2014-02-19 |
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