CN101632852A - Fire extinguishing bag for forests - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing bag for forests Download PDFInfo
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- CN101632852A CN101632852A CN200910170181A CN200910170181A CN101632852A CN 101632852 A CN101632852 A CN 101632852A CN 200910170181 A CN200910170181 A CN 200910170181A CN 200910170181 A CN200910170181 A CN 200910170181A CN 101632852 A CN101632852 A CN 101632852A
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- oxygen absorbent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fire extinguishing bag for forests, which is characterized in that an oxygen absorbent is arranged in the bag and put into fire; when the fire burns the oxygen absorbent, the oxygen absorbent reacts with oxygen in a fire zone; a great amount of oxygen is consumed firstly so that the content of the oxygen in the fire zone is quickly reduced to below 14%; and the fire cannot continue to burn and is extinguished. Compared with manual fire extinguishment and watering from air by a helicopter, the fire extinguishing bag for forests is more convenient, quicker, economical and effective, thereby being used in the fire at all time for protecting forests or grassland.
Description
Technical field
Fire extinguishing bag for forests of the present invention belongs to the forest fire prevention and control field.
Several forest fires almost all take place on the earth every year, and forest fire is very serious disaster.
On October 21st, 2003, the most serious in history forest fire has taken place in California, USA.Burnt greatly whole 20 days, up to November 10, the condition of a fire was just controlled fully.300,000 hectares forest has been burnt in big fire this time, house, Building 3500, and 110,000 residents are withdrawn the home, lose 2,000,000,000 dollars according to a preliminary estimate, and direct fire suppression spends 200,000,000 dollars.
Summer in 2004 was located in Portugal in European border area, high temperature drying, and more than 6000 of forest fire in various degree from by the end of March, taken place in burning sun baking, burnt 1.6 ten thousand hectares forest.Worked as ground temperature on July 23 up to 45 degrees centigrade, the big fire of a ferociousness has attacked Portuguese forest, 18 areas involving Portugal's continent part, Portugal government sends tens of military helicopters and hundreds of firemans to participate in fire extinguishing, but under the high wind drought condition, want rapidly big fire to be put out, quite difficult.2003,2004,2005, forest fire all took place in Portugal in several years, and tens people die in the forest sea of fire, and the forest that has more than 350,000 hectare is ruined, and large stretch of vegetation is destroyed.The economic loss that causes thus is up to 1,000,000,000 Euros.
On December 27th, 2005, several forest fires take place in Texas, USA, and where the wind fire spread blows to the speed of 65km/h, where just burns.Local thousands of residents cooperate firefighters water pipe, bucket to water to big fire, but big fire has burnt contiguous Oklahoma very soon, the local maximum scene of a fire, a place reaches 400 acres, and dwelling house more than 100 and many automobiles are ruined, and only Dezhou just has more than 5000 hectare of forest to be destroyed overnight.
The legendary god of fire's Hephaestus of in August, 2007 Greece has been initiated fury, prairie fire is under the connivance of wind-force and arid, spread 129 forest fires have taken place on the peninsula simultaneously the Buddhist nun that runs quickly uncle sieve, raging roaring flame has been engulfed local ancient civilization ruins and modern village, the flame sky that shone red, dense smoke wafts to Athens, and Greece is immersed in the fear.Have individual village to be called Ma Jisituosi, large stretch of Chinese olive tree that growing can produce 10,000 tons of olive oil originally every year, and after the fire, the olive woods is levelled to the ground.When fire took place, the resident had been surrounded in big fire, and some rush out, and some are burnt to death by big fire, scarred farm, the donkey that recumbency burns and the corpse of poultry.
Current big fire causes the beyond example great calamity of Greece, the people dies in the sea of fire more than 60, when fire is the strongest, Greece burns in big fire at half territory, Greek governments send 9000 firemans and thousands of soldier, employ many military helicopters and participate in fire extinguishing, and urgent appeal European Union assistance, assistance has been stretched out by 11 countries that comprise Russia, Israel, Switzerland, send helicopter and spray idle job on fire to Greece one after another, after the control the condition of a disaster, from August 25, Greece flew at half-mast all parts of the country 3 days, expressed one's condolences to the dead.
Current big fire, the uncle sieve Buddhist nun that runs quickly spreads on the peninsula resident's property of 10% and has run into loss, and 4000～6000 hectares forest is ruined.
On August 22nd, 2009, big fire is spread on the peninsula to the Buddhist nun at uncle sieve again and " is revived ", and thousands of hectares forest has been ruined, and the billowing smoke is approaching to Athens, big fire has only 10～20km from Athens, and the heroic undertaking of a multinational assistance is recurred to " wonderful stage " that the Buddhist nun spreads the peninsula at uncle sieve again.
The forest cover of the earth reduces in the wreaking havoc of big fire year by year, and disruption of ecological balance is more and more worrying.
Background technology
In order to put out a forest fire, the mankind are making great efforts from ancient times to the present.Modern age, people taked to set in advance " fire insulation band " to forest fire, the forest zone is divided into several portions with the fire insulation band, the fire insulation band is wide 3～5 meters usually, vegetation is all removed to the greatest extent in the band, when big fire burns band edge, if not by strong wind Mars is blown over, fire has just stopped, and the space that can not cross in the band continues to go to.
In the modern forest extinguishing, the fireman uses ensilage dump blower, with powerful wind-force fire is blown out, but is more applied the strategy of throwing waves of people into action, and everyone does all one can to swat one mop or branch.
Also useful helicopter is put fire out by water from watering in the air.Water has good heat absorptivity, and the 1Kg coolant-temperature gage raises 1 ℃, can absorb heat 4184J, during the 1kg water vapor, can absorb heat 2259KJ, can absorb a large amount of heats when water is heated vaporization, can effectively reduce the fire field environment temperature, and the cooling combustion material makes fire end; The steam (the whole vaporizations of 1ml water can produce the water vapour of 1700ml volume) that water heating vaporization produces spreads in the combustion zone, has reduced the concentration of the fuel gas composition in the combustion zone effectively.When combustable gas concentration drops to flammable concentration when following, burning just can stop.
From forest management, a lot of countries all are provided with forest fire prevention and control army, have set up round-the-clock De lookout sentry post, in case find the condition of a fire, put out at once, and disaster is eliminated among sprouting.Maintain sharp vigilance, prevent trouble before it happens.
Summary of the invention
From burning condition (be combustible with oxidant be in contact with one another reach some than and be not subjected to Chemical Inhibition) and experiment show: when oxygen content was reduced to 14%～16% the air, most combustibles will burn-out.Equally, when the oxygen content composition in the forest fire district was reduced to 14%～16%, forest fire just can not continue and burn and stop, and fire finishes.
The objective of the invention is to, special oxygen absorbent is put in the special-purpose sack, throw in the forest fire district, or be suspended on the forest at edge, the scene of a fire, when burning oxygen absorbent, the oxygen absorbent burning of being heated is with the fierce chemical reaction of airborne oxygen generation.Generation is based on a kind of mixed gas that contains water vapour, nitrogen etc. of carbon dioxide.At this moment, because oxygen absorbent and airborne oxygen generation chemical reaction, consumed the oxygen of considerable part in the air, reduced the content of airborne oxygen widely, meanwhile, mixed gases such as the carbon dioxide of reaction back generation, water vapour, nitrogen have further reduced the content of oxygen in the air.Owing to occur in the time of above-mentioned two kinds of situations, the content of fuel gas oxygen in the scene of a fire is reduced to suddenly below 14%, force burning not continue, big fire is extinguished immediately.
The invention is characterized in that its core technology is an oxygen absorbent.The composition of oxygen absorbent is: (1) 90～80% powdered carbon (charcoal powder, bamboo charcoal powder or acetylene black), symbol of element C, molecular weight 12.011, light, pine and superfine black powder.A kind of amorphous carbon, proportion 1.8～2.1.(2) 10～5% nitro, chemical formula CH
3NO
2, molecular weight 61.04, colourless oil liquid, proportion 1.1322 can be made solvent and high-energy fuel, resolves into 4 (CH after the burning
3NO
2)+3O
2→ 4CO
2+ 6H
2O+2N
2(3) 8～3% nitroglycerine, molecular formula C
3H
5N
3O
9, molecular weight 227.09, explosive decomposition becomes a kind of mist when colourless transparent oil liquid, 1.5918,218 ℃ of proportions.4C
3H
5(NO
3)
3→12CO
2+10H
2O+6N
2+O
2。
(4) 2% perfect combustion catalizer, wherein (A) has pentanitrol fat, molecular formula C
5H
8N
4O
12, molecular weight 316.4, white crystalline powder, brisance is huge.(B) magnesium nitrate is arranged, chemical formula: Mg (NO
3)
26H
2O, molecular weight 256.41, colourless or white monoclinic crystal, 330 ℃ are decomposed into gases such as magnesia and nitrogen, cause burning easily.(C) zinc nitrate is arranged, chemical formula Zn (NO
3)
26H
2O, molecular weight 297.48, colourless tetragonal crystal causes burning easily, the burning back generates zinc oxide and nitrogen etc.(D) white phosphorus is arranged, symbol of element P, molecular weight 30.9, colourless or white transparent waxy solid, proportion 1.88, easily oxidation in air, 30 ℃ is spontaneous combustion, the burning back generates P
2O
5, be used for the production safety match.
The principle of preparation oxygen absorbent is: when making the oxygen absorbent for preparing meet fire, can produce fierce burning at once, the gas of emitting during burning can hold up comburant liftoffly, resembles very much a burning fire ball aloft, or at the fireball of ground surface jitter.This result relies on the deal of nitro, monobel and various perfect combustion catalizers.Grasping deal, can not make oxygen absorbent meet fire and blast, can only be to burn, and this uses all very safe to preparation, storage, transportation, input, be safe from danger.
The oxygen absorbent that contains powdered carbon 90% claims oxygen absorbent No. 90,100kg can consume oxygen 65.43kg during No. 90 oxygen absorbent burnings, No. 85 oxygen absorbents of title that contain powdered carbon 85%, 100kg can consume oxygen 61.79kg during No. 85 oxygen absorbent burnings, No. 80 oxygen absorbents of title that contain powdered carbon 80% can consume oxygen 58.16kg during the burning of 100kg80 oxygen absorbent.The title according to content, other composition of oxygen absorbent, nitro, monobel, pentanitrol fat, magnesium nitrate, zinc nitrate, white phosphorus etc., the mist that the burning back generates, also can reduce the content of oxygen in the air, but these material institute consumptions are less, the effect complexity that the burning back produces, and the variation that scene of a fire air flows is also extremely complicated.Therefore do not make concrete data here, the carbon dioxide that this oxygen absorbent burning generates, steam, nitrogen, magnesia, zinc oxide etc. can not pollute environment after the calamity.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, supposes 1km
2The forest of (100 hectares) is fiercely burning, desiring at short notice, (in the supposition 1h) puts out the forest fire in these 100 hectares fully, need to drop into how many oxygen absorbents? because oxygen content is lower than at 14% o'clock in the air, burning will stop, and so just the content 21% of oxygen in the air of original forest zone must be deducted 7%, just can make the content of this forest zone oxygen be reduced to 14%, big fire will be extinguished, the height of supposing this forest is 15m, and oxygen containing volume is in these 100 hectares: 1, and 000m
2=1,000,000m
2X15m=15,000,000m
3, wherein 7% should be 1,050,000m
3, the density of oxygen under normal conditions is 1.429g/L, promptly is 1500.45 tons of oxygen.Use 100kg 90
#Oxygen absorbent can consume 65.45kg oxygen.Proportion expression: 100kg: 65.45kg=xkg in view of the above: 1500.45 tons, calculating is learnt: with 2293.22 ton 90
#Oxygen absorbent can consume 1500.45 tons of oxygen, can make the oxygen content in this forest zone be reduced to 14%, and the forest fire in this forest zone just must be extinguished.
The specific embodiment
The invention is characterized in the oxygen absorbent that will prepare by in the sack of being made by fiber crops, cotton or blending outside the plastic lining film of the weight threading suitable size of 3～5kg, sack binds sealing, just can be used as forest extinguishing and has used.
When putting out the forest fire of fierce burning, the fireman is carried the invention (life-saving device for fire of application number 200810094252X, can long-time oxygen supply and escort, carry and go up this invention, in case have an accident because of anoxia asphyxia), fire extinguishing bag for forests of the present invention (calculating input amount by scene of a fire area) is thrown to the scene of a fire, and big fire will be extinguished about 20 minutes.
Spread in order to stop forest fire, the fireman is carried life-saving device for fire, and fire extinguishing bag for forests is thrown in or preferably hung on the forest at big fire edge, after forest fire is burned to these fire extinguishing bags, will extinguish in about 20 minutes.
In the frequent easily forest of breaking out of fire, before arriving the season of high temperature drying, hang up fire extinguishing bag on the trees at the low ebb place that can be in advance has a common boundary on two mountains, forest zone, above sack, cover waterproof cloth, drench in order to avoid rain.Just in case breaking out of fire will make big fire from horizontal blanking in the forest zone of presetting fire extinguishing bag, prevents that fire from continuing to spread.High temperature drying can reclaim not used fire extinguishing bag after season, by 1 year the new sack that is not damaged was changed in the packaging bag of shabby damage, and its fire extinguishing mission is continued to fulfil in the pre-hung forest zone again.
Be prepended to fire extinguishing bag for forests on the forest of certain limit, gloomy fire screen fire band is set, just in case the generation forest fire, the serious consequence that also can not cause hundreds thousand of hectares forest to be ruined.
With fire extinguishing bag for forests than the method fire extinguishing of manually putting out the fire and helicopter waits from watering in the air, all easier, rapid, save, effective, will lose reduction.
Fire extinguishing bag for forests of the present invention for forest on preserving our planet or grassland, keeps one's powder dry and joins in the forest fire of fierce burning.
Claims (5)
1, fire extinguishing bag for forests of the present invention, be with oxygen absorbent by weight 3～5kg put in the sack, throw in the forest fire district, when burning oxygen absorbent, fierce consumption of chemical reaction has taken place for oxygen absorbent and oxygen in the fire district oxygen of considerable part, make to contain oxygen in the fire district and reduce to rapidly below 14%, burning can not continue, and fire finishes.
2, fire extinguishing bag for forests according to claim 1, its feature are that also its oxygen absorbent is made up of 80～90% powdered carbon.Powdered carbon (charcoal powder, bamboo charcoal powder or acetylene black), symbol of element C, molecular weight 12.010, a kind of light, loose, thin black powder, proportion 1.8～2.1.
3, fire extinguishing bag for forests according to claim 1, its feature are that also the nitro that oxygen absorbent also contains 10-5% forms.Nitro, chemical formula CH
3NO
2, molecular weight 61.04, colourless oil liquid, proportion 1.1322.
4, fire extinguishing bag for forests according to claim 1, its feature are that also oxygen absorbent also contains 8～3% monobel.Described monobel, molecular formula C
3H
5N
3O
9, molecular weight 227.09, explosive decomposition becomes a kind of mist when colourless transparent oil liquid, 1.5918,218 ℃ of proportions.4C
3H
5(ONO
2)
3→12CO
2+10H
2O+6N
2+O
2。
5, fire extinguishing bag for forests according to claim 1, its feature are that also oxygen absorbent contains 2% perfect combustion catalizer.Described perfect combustion catalizer, wherein (A) has pentanitrol fat, molecular formula C
5H
8N
4O
12, molecular weight 316.4, white crystalline powder, brisance is huge.(B) magnesium nitrate is arranged, chemical formula Mg (NO
3)
26H
2O, molecular weight 256.41, colourless or white monoclinic crystal, 330 ℃ are decomposed into gases such as magnesia and nitrogen, cause burning easily.(C) zinc nitrate is arranged, chemical formula Zn (NO
3)
26H
2O, molecular weight 297.48, colourless tetragonal crystal causes burning easily, the burning back generates zinc oxide and nitrogen etc.(D) white phosphorus is arranged, symbol of element P, molecular weight 30.9, colourless or white transparent waxy solid, proportion is spontaneous combustion for 1.88,30 ℃, the burning back generates P
2O
5, be used for the production safety match.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101701811A CN101632852B (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2009-09-07 | Fire extinguishing bag for forests |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101701811A CN101632852B (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2009-09-07 | Fire extinguishing bag for forests |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101632852A true CN101632852A (en) | 2010-01-27 |
| CN101632852B CN101632852B (en) | 2012-03-14 |
Family
ID=41592285
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009101701811A Expired - Fee Related CN101632852B (en) | 2009-09-07 | 2009-09-07 | Fire extinguishing bag for forests |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101632852B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010091600A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Liu Sijin | Method for quick extinguishing of large fire |
| CN107809871A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for operation safety device |
| WO2020238726A1 (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-12-03 | 姚珍汉 | Method for extinguishing forest fires |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2202486A1 (en) * | 1995-08-14 | 1997-02-27 | Winfried Rosenstock | Process and device for fighting fires from the air |
| CN1222331C (en) * | 2003-03-05 | 2005-10-12 | 郭鸿宝 | Composition for generating gaseous fire extinguishing agent |
| DE102006017784A1 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-04 | Ulrich Rudziak | Container, e.g. bag, for controlling fire, has extinguishing agent such as water, made of material, which is partly or completely destroyable by fire, where container is utilized in closed body or in retainer |
-
2009
- 2009-09-07 CN CN2009101701811A patent/CN101632852B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010091600A1 (en) * | 2009-02-13 | 2010-08-19 | Liu Sijin | Method for quick extinguishing of large fire |
| CN107809871A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2018-03-16 | 罗伯特·博世有限公司 | Method for operation safety device |
| WO2020238726A1 (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-12-03 | 姚珍汉 | Method for extinguishing forest fires |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101632852B (en) | 2012-03-14 |
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