CN101624853B - 辐射换热天花板及含有该辐射换热天花板的空调 - Google Patents

辐射换热天花板及含有该辐射换热天花板的空调 Download PDF

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CN101624853B
CN101624853B CN2008100293596A CN200810029359A CN101624853B CN 101624853 B CN101624853 B CN 101624853B CN 2008100293596 A CN2008100293596 A CN 2008100293596A CN 200810029359 A CN200810029359 A CN 200810029359A CN 101624853 B CN101624853 B CN 101624853B
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严继光
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Zhuhai Tong Yan Environmental Polytron Technologies Inc
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Priority to US13/003,449 priority patent/US20110146950A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2009/072701 priority patent/WO2010003378A1/zh
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Priority to EP09793853.4A priority patent/EP2314946B1/en
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    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04B9/0478Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like of the tray type
    • E04B9/0485Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like of the tray type containing a filling element
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    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/06Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the arrangements for the supply of heat-exchange fluid for the subsequent treatment of primary air in the room units
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
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    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种辐射换热天花板及含有该辐射换热天花板的空调。其解决的技术问题是如何克服现有辐射换热天花板及天花板型空调容易结露的缺陷。本发明辐射换热天花板包括金属天花板和换热盘管,其中换热盘管设置于金属天花板的上方,其特征在于:换热盘管贴近金属天花板,但不接触金属天花板,换热盘管上方覆盖有保温材料层。本发明含有前述辐射换热天花板的空调,包括热泵系统和水循环系统,其特征在于:所述水循环系统包括多块前述的换热天花板,其换热盘管接入水循环系统的水循环回路中。本发明辐射换热天花板使用时不易结露,以其组装的天花板型空调具有静音、节能,不结露的优点,具有非常广阔的推广前景。

Description

辐射换热天花板及含有该辐射换热天花板的空调
技术领域
本发明涉及一种天花板型空凋,特别涉及一种辐射换热天花板及含有该辐射换热天花板的空调。
背景技术
现有天花板型空调供冷时,其热泵系统不直接为辐射换热天花板降温,而是通过一水循环系统中的冷水为辐射换热天花板降温。如果热泵系统直接为辐射换热天花板降温,辐射换热天花板下表面必然会因温度过低,而结满露珠,露珠凝聚到一定程度后,从天花板上落下来,在室内形成“人工降雨”。而增设水循环系统后,可以满足较为干燥环境地区(如北欧)的要求,这是因为较为干燥地区空气的相对湿度小,辐射换热天花板温度低一些,也不会结露。
但当天花板型空调引入到较为潮湿的南方地区就出现了严重的结露现象,中国澳门、深圳等地都曾经安装过这样的天花板型空调,结果不是结露严重,室内频降“人工雨”;就是开机不久,空调系统就因结露,而自动停止工作(空调系统中设有露点传感器),系统无法正常运行。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是如何克服现有辐射换热天花板及天花板型空调容易结露的缺陷,提供一种不易结露的辐射换热天花板及含有该辐射换热天花板的空调。
本申请人经过长期的观察研究发现:现有辐射换热天花板在南方较为潮湿的环境使用,容易结露有两大原因:
一、南方潮湿、空气湿度大(经常在70-80%左右),水蒸汽含量接近于饱和,露点温度比环境温度低不了多少,当湿热空气遇上低于露点温度的物体后,就会结露。
二、现有辐射换热天花板包括金属天花板和换热盘管,其中换热盘管设置于金属天花板上方的压槽内,并直接与金属天花板接触。
在湿热的环境中,为有效降温,天花板型空调的循环水应尽可能地低一些。但由于换热盘管直接与金属天花板接触,较低的循环水又很容易使金属天花板下表面的局部温度低于露点温度,从而产生结露现象。
基于上述认识,本发明辐射换热天花板包括金属天花板和换热盘管,其中换热盘管设置于金属天花板的上方,其特征在于:换热盘管贴近金属天花板,但不接触金属天花板,换热盘管上方覆盖有保温材料层。如此设计,换热盘管不直接接触金属天花板,金属天花板不会出现局部温度低于露点温度,也就不易出现结露现象。
作为优化,所述保温材料层下方设有一层金属箔,该金属箔设置在换热盘管与保温材料层之间。如此设计,金属箔增大了换热盘管的换热面积,换热效率高。
作为优化,所述金属天花板的上表面设有盘管支撑,该盘管支撑不易导热(采用热的不良导体材料,如塑料等材料),所述换热盘管就架设在该盘管支撑上。如此设计,便于金属天花板与换热盘管之间的定位,使二者既不接触,又不至于距离过大。
作为优化,所述保温材料层上方还设有密封层,该密封层封盖在保温材料层上,使其与外界空气隔绝。如此设计,外界空气不会进入保温材料层,换热盘管也不会结露,保温材料层可以保持干燥无水,保温效果好。
作为优化,所述金属箔为铝箔,所述保温材料层为玻璃棉层,其中铝箔、玻璃棉与密封层构成铝箔玻璃棉保温材料。如此设计,铝箔玻璃棉保温材料市场上有现货出售,组装时只要用铝箔玻璃棉保温材料将换热盘管封盖在金属天花板上即可,十分方便。
本发明含有前述辐射换热天花板的空调,包括热泵系统和水循环系统,其中水循环系统包括含有泵、空气换热装置和水换热装置的水循环回路,通过空气换热装置与外界空气换热,通过水换热装置与热泵系统换热,其特征在于:所述水循环系统包括多块前述的辐射换热天花板,其换热盘管接入水循环系统的水循环回路中。如此设计,同一房间内的辐射换热天花板可以相互串联,也可以并联,当然也可以采取串联、并联组合式的连接。
作为优化,其还包括新风道,该新风道配有风机,其进气口与室外相通,其出气口通入室内,其内部设有新风换热盘管,该新风换热盘管接入水循环系统中泵与辐射换热天花板的换热盘管之间。如此设计,一制冷时,新风道向室内送干冷的新鲜空气,一方便减轻了辐射换热天花板的工作负担,另一方面,使循环水在进入辐射换热天花板的换热盘管前,经过新风的预热,温度不至于低于露点温度,更加不会结露。
作为优化,所述水循环回路中设有一个保温缓冲水箱,该保温缓冲水箱设置于泵与新风换热盘管之间。如此设计,循环水温波动小,压缩机不会频繁开停。
作为优化,所述新风道上设有电磁阀,水循环回路中泵与辐射换热天花板的换热盘管之间设有电磁阀。如此设计,便于调节,适于作为中央空调使用。
由于辐射天花板型空调制冷时使用的故其能源利用率高,相对于传统的空调系统,更加节能(节省能源约30%以上),具有非常广阔的推广前景。
本发明辐射换热天花板使用时不易结露,以其组装的天花板型空调的压缩机、泵可以设置在室外,室内不需要风机,也就没有噪音,属于真正的静音空调。由于天花板型空调换热面积大,其冷媒进口温度可比普通空调高5℃,同样舒适度的情况下,室内空气温度可以比传统空调的温度高3℃,故其冷量、热量利用率高,相对于传统的空调系统,更加节能(节省能源约30%以上),具有非常广阔的推广前景。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明辐射换热天花板及其空调作进一步说明:
图1是本发明辐射换热天花板的结构示意图;
图2是本发明含有辐射换热天花板的空调的结构示意图;
图3是本发明辐射换热天花板的爆炸图。
图中:1为金属天花板、2为换热盘管、3为玻璃棉层、4为盘管支撑、5为铝箔、6为密封层、7为热泵系统、8为水循环系统、9为泵、10为空气换热装置、11为水换热装置、12为新风道、13为风机、14为进气口、15为出气口、16为新风换热盘管、17为热泵、18为节流元件(可选毛细管或膨胀阀)、19为密封条、20为各个房间由多块辐射换热天花板组成的辐射换热天花板组。
具体实施方式
实施方式一:如图1、3所示,本辐射换热天花板包括金属天花板1和换热盘管2,其中换热盘管2设置于金属天花板1的上方,其特征在于:换热盘管2贴近金属天花板1,但不接触金属天花板1,换热盘管2上方覆盖有玻璃棉层3。所述金属天花板1的上表面设有盘管支撑4,该盘管支撑4不易导热,所述换热盘管2就架设在盘管支撑4上。
所述玻璃棉层3下方设有一层铝箔5,该铝箔5设置在换热盘管2与玻璃棉层3之间。玻璃棉层3上方还设有密封层6,该密封层6封盖在玻璃棉层3上,使其与外界空气隔绝。(当然铝箔5可以由铜箔代替,玻璃棉层3也可以由其他保温材料层代替,略)
实施方式二:如图2所示:本发明含有辐射换热天花板的空调包括热泵系统7和水循环系统8,其中水循环系统8包括含有泵9、空气换热装置10、水换热装置11的水循环回路,通过空气换热装置10与外界空气换热,通过水换热装置11与热泵系统换热。所述水循环系统8包括多块实施方式一所述的辐射换热天花板,其换热盘管2接入水循环系统8的水循环回路中。
本发明含有辐射换热天花板的空调还包括新风道12,该新风道12配有风机13,其进气口14与室外相通,其出气口15通入室内,其内部设有新风换热盘管16,该新风换热盘管16接入泵9与辐射换热天花板的换热盘管2之间。所述换热装置11为一个保温缓冲水箱,该保温缓冲水箱设置于泵9与新风换热盘管16之间。热泵系统7的蒸发器盘管就设置在该保温缓冲水箱内。
所述新风道12上设有电磁阀,水循环回路中泵9与辐射换热天花板的换热盘管2之间设有电磁阀(图略)。
实施方式二是利用水换热装置11的箱体充当保温缓冲水箱,当然也可以在水循环回路中另设保温缓冲水箱,略。

Claims (9)

1. 一种辐射换热天花板,包括金属天花板和换热盘管,其中换热盘管设置于金属天花板的上方,其特征在于:换热盘管贴近金属天花板,但不接触金属天花板,换热盘管上方覆盖有保温材料层。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射换热天花板,其特征在于:所述保温材料层下方设有一层金属箔,该金属箔设置在换热盘管与保温材料层之间。
3. 根据权利要求2所述的辐射换热天花板,其特征在于:所述金属天花板的上表面设有盘管支撑,该盘管支撑不易导热,所述换热盘管架设在该盘管支撑上。
4. 根据权利要求3所述的辐射换热天花板,其特征在于:所述保温材料层上方还设有密封层,该密封层封盖在保温材料层上,使其与外界空气隔绝。
5. 根据权利要求4所述的辐射换热天花板,其特征在于:所述金属箔为铝箔,所述保温材料层为玻璃棉层,其中铝箔、玻璃棉与密封层构成铝箔玻璃棉保温材料。
6. 一种含有权利要求1至5任一所述辐射换热天花板的空调,包括热泵系统和水循环系统,其中水循环系统包括含有泵、空气换热装置和水换热装置的水循环回路,通过空气换热装置与外界空气换热,通过水换热装置与热泵系统换热,其特征在于:所述水循环系统包括多块权利要求1所述的辐射换热天花板,其换热盘管接入水循环系统的水循环回路中。
7. 根据权利要求6所述的空调,其特征在于:其还包括新风道,该新风道配有风机,其进气口与室外相通,其出气口通入室内,其内部设有新风换热盘管,该新风换热盘管接入泵与辐射换热天花板的换热盘管之间。
8. 根据权利要求7所述的空调,其特征在于:所述水循环回路中设有一个保温缓冲水箱,该保温缓冲水箱设置于泵与新风换热盘管之间。
9. 根据权利要求8所述的空调,其特征在于:所述新风道上设有电磁阀,水循环回路中泵与辐射换热天花板的换热盘管之间设有电磁阀。
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