CN101621495A - Method and device for providing wireless broadband access service for indoor users - Google Patents
Method and device for providing wireless broadband access service for indoor users Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for providing wireless broadband access service for indoor users. The device completes wireless bridging and routing between an indoor wireless broadband user terminal and an outdoor wireless broadband access network through two independent wireless interface units. One wireless interface unit in the device is used as a wireless client to complete the wireless connection with the outdoor wireless broadband access network, and the other wireless interface unit is used as a miniature coverage base station to provide wireless broadband access service for the indoor users. The wireless interface units support a wireless interface protocol standard based on a transmission control protocol (TCP) and an internetwork protocol (IP). The method and the device can conveniently provide the wireless broadband access service for the indoor users, improve service quality, improve spectrum utilization rate, and reduce construction cost for deploying the wireless broadband network on a large scale and developing users.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in communication network, provide the method and apparatus of WiMAX access service, relate in particular to by 802.11,802.16 or wireless system such as the 3G method and apparatus that provides WiMAX to insert to indoor user.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of mobile communication and the Internet (Internet) technology, the demand that people can enjoy the Internet business at any time and any place is more and more stronger.At present, two kinds of developing direction are arranged in this field: the one, serve as basic with existing cell mobile communication systems to the transition of all-IP net, promote the 3GIP that is organized as that the 3rd third-generation mobile communication carries out all-IPization; The 2nd, be wireless broadband system just fine the supports IP transmission on the interface aloft of representative with WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN (802.11 series standard) and global microwave interoperability WiMAX (802.16 series standard), be easy to Internet with IP based network and serve and extend to Radio Access Network.These two kinds of developing direction are being tending towards merging, and wireless communication system in the future will realize that " seamless " of mobile telephone service and Internet business is integrated.
In the WiMAX field, the development of global radio focus, wireless hot-zone, wireless city in recent years is irresistible, has formed the trend of world today's wireless broad band technology and market segment.According to relevant report, the whole world has had and surpasses 400 cities and begin or building the WiMAX MAN to satisfy the needs of public access, public safety and public service up to now.Also have hundreds of cities planning to start similar construction simultaneously.
At technical elements, wireless broadband network technology and the product based on WLAN (802.11 series standard) and WiMAX (802.16 series standard) technology almost selected in the wireless city construction of global range undoubtedly exceptionally.Particularly,, be widely adopted in the wireless city construction all over the world owing to its technology, product and the commercial maturity of using based on wireless mesh network (Mesh) technology of 802.11 series standards.This selection has the certainty of its technology and aspect, market.WLAN and WiMAX technology and fixed wide band inserting technology (XDSL, Cable Modem) are compared, the advantage that the flexibility of wireless technology is arranged and support to move, and (CDMA 1x, GPRS 3G) compares, and the more advantage of high bandwidth is arranged with mobile communication technology.Because technology itself just is based on the IP technology, and structure is very simple, its construction investment is compared with other networks that comprise 3G with operation cost will hang down 1-2 the order of magnitude simultaneously.On the other hand, the wave point of chipization has almost embedded all portable PCs and multiple PDA and smart mobile phone, and WiMAX inserts the potential user group that reality has had enormous amount.This shows that the wireless MAN construction based on WLAN and WiMAX has performed technology and the market preparation that popularizes.According to statistics, based on wireless broadband network every year of WLAN technology bringing the income of multi-billion dollar, and keep the impetus that increases fast year by year to operator.
Domestic in China, China Netcom took the lead in since providing the WiMAX access service on the APEC meeting of Shanghai from October calendar year 2001, and hundreds of hot zones have laid wlan network in the whole nation.The WLAN of China Telecom " Tian Yi Tong " is integrated together the AP of asymmetric local loop (ADSL) ustomer premises access equipment and WLAN (wireless local area network), adopt the pattern of ADSL+WLAN, solve the problem that a plurality of terminals of one family insert, developed the broadband user of family effectively." capable with e " of China Mobile is the wireless Internet services of releasing towards business people, group customer, and the user can pass through terminals such as notebook computer, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) and enter the Internet and enterprise network with GPRS/WLAN.China Mobile provides the wlan network covering at more than 1000 hot zones in the whole nation at present, and can realize whole nation roaming.Recently one or two years, each big operator begins to cooperate with the government, and beginning planning construction WLAN builds the wireless city, as Jiading, Shanghai " wireless city ", " digital Beijing " etc.
Operator all over the world all faces a same technical barrier when building the metropolitan area wireless wideband access network, be exactly the coverage effect that how to improve indoor user.Operator builds the method for wireless city and builds the mobile cellular net similar: by form the continuous covering of city scope at outdoor site deployment WiMAX access base station (being commonly referred to access point AP in wlan system).For outdoor environments such as road, public squares, because the electromagnetic wave propagation path between base station and the coverage goal is more satisfactory, than being easier to realize good coverage effect; And for indoor environment, especially some business offices, newly-built residential quarters are because the site coverage height, body of wall is thicker and construction material is big to electromagnetic penetration loss, often is difficult to realize good coverage effect.And good coverage effect (can further be expressed as sufficiently high signal strength signal intensity, enough good signal to noise ratio and enough weak interference etc. technically) is the basis that wireless broadband business is used, do not have good coverage effect can't guarantee customer satisfaction system service quality, and then mean the failure of Virtual network operator coml.Simultaneously, the characteristics of broadband services itself have determined that the user in most cases will be in indoor use broadband network services, rather than at outdoor environment.These show that all improving indoor coverage effect is vital for wireless city construction and operation.What be worth idea is that 2G, 3G cellular mobile network face the problems referred to above too when carrying out the multi-medium data business more and more.
Wireless domain was to there being several solutions for the problems referred to above in the past:
A kind of method is the penetration loss that takes into full account building, reaches the purpose that improves indoor coverage effect by the coverage that increases base station density, dwindles every stylobate station.But this method faces the huge challenge of construction cost, especially for wireless broadband network wlan system particularly, often require one of every building needs even number stylobate station could realize good the covering, the equipment that causes thus, base station site construction cost in most of the cases are unacceptable.
Another kind method is by dispose " repeater (Repeater) " near building wireless signal to be extended, and realizes indoor covering.But this method can cause remarkable decline, the increase system noise of power system capacity, thereby influences systematic function.Particularly use for WiMAX, Repeater of every use will cause its related terminal use to lose half throughput bandwidth, therefore in wireless system particularly in wireless broadband system the Repeater scheme should not use in a large number.
Also having a solution is to dispose indoor distributed system at building interior, and this also is among the mobile network most of commercial buildings to be covered the solution that adopts.But this scheme still has significant limitation, and such as for fitting up the commercial building that comes into operation, the cable wiring manufacture that carries out indoor distributed system again can bring extra cost expenditure and influence commercial building dailyly uses and manage.And for most of residential buildings building, owing to there is not suitable hidden cable tray, indoor distributed system is difficult to implement.In addition, the indoor distributed system cost is higher, construction is complicated, quantities greatly also is its shortcoming.
Compare by the solution that the present invention with this specification further part accompanying drawings proposes, the shortcoming and the limitation of existing solution are clearly for a person skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to and carry out problem that wireless broadband business exists at present and propose a kind ofly can promote the WiMAX access service fast and effectively improve indoor user WiMAX access service method for quality and device.
The present invention proposes a kind ofly to provide the method for WiMAX access service to indoor user, and described method comprises the following steps:
1) by the broadcast of first Radio interface protocols reception from outdoor radio bandwidth access network;
2) set up wireless connections by first Radio interface protocols and outdoor WiMAX access point base station;
3) send broadcast by second Radio interface protocols to the indoor wireless client;
4) receive access request and processing from the indoor wireless client by second Radio interface protocols, response is from the access request of validated user and set up wireless connections;
5) will exchange from the data of outdoor WiMAX access point base station and indoor wireless client.
Above-mentioned first and second Radio interface protocols are supported transmission control protocol (TCP) and Internet protocol (IP).Wherein first Radio interface protocols is meant the Radio interface protocols of wireless client one side, and second Radio interface protocols is meant the Radio interface protocols of wireless access point base stations one side.Above-mentioned exchanges data can occur in medium and insert (MAC) layer or Internet protocol (IP) transport layer.
The present invention further proposes one and provides the device of WiMAX access service to indoor user, and it is made up of some functional units, comprising:
A radio interface unit A who is connected with operator WiMAX access base station;
The radio interface unit B that responsible indoor user inserts;
A local ethernet interface unit;
An exchanges data unit of being responsible between above-mentioned three interface units, carrying out exchanges data;
A control unit is responsible for the above-mentioned functions unit is carried out control and management.
Described radio interface unit A and B support the Radio interface protocols based on Internet protocol (IP), and wherein radio interface unit A is operated in the wireless client pattern, and radio interface unit B is operated in the access point base station pattern.Described control unit can be operated in transparent bridging or route pattern according to stored configuration information designation data crosspoint in advance, and this configuration information can be revised at any time according to application demand.
Purpose of the present invention, character of innovation, specific embodiment details and advantage will be introduced in subsequently specification and accompanying drawing in detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention residing position views in wireless broadband network.
Fig. 2 is the functional block diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the hardware structure figure of an embodiment of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the software architecture figure of an embodiment of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the existing wlan system distribution map of PPPoE authentication protocol stack in each network element commonly used.
Fig. 6 is the distribution map of wlan system PPPoE authentication protocol stack after introducing apparatus of the present invention, and this moment, apparatus of the present invention were operated in bridge mode.
Fig. 7 is the distribution map of wlan system PPPoE authentication protocol stack after introducing apparatus of the present invention, and this moment, apparatus of the present invention were operated in route pattern.
Fig. 8 is the flow process that apparatus of the present invention start service.
Fig. 9 is apparatus of the present invention general-purpose interface protocol stack.
Embodiment
Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
For the terseness that illustrates and illustrate, accompanying drawing 1 is example explanation the specific embodiment of the present invention with the wireless lan (wlan) system all to accompanying drawing 8, but this is not to show that the present invention only supports wlan system.In fact, the description of back will illustrate that the present invention supports other wireless broadband system based on the IP technology equally, the data insertion system and the wireless broadband network evolution system that comprise WiMAX system, 3G network are as 802.11n, back 3G (B3G), long evolving system (LTE), 4G etc.
As shown in Figure 1, device of the present invention (WiMAX bridger WBB) is the signal translating system of the outdoor and indoor wireless broadband access network of bridge joint.In Fig. 1, it is indoor that device WBB of the present invention is deployed in the user, connects respectively by two antennal interfaces to be positioned at outdoor or indoor antenna and indoor cover antenna of facing window.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that above-mentioned " two " antennal interface is meant on the function but not is quantitative, promptly wherein any one antennal interface is corresponding on specific embodiment may be two or more actual physical interfaces.When using the dual-antenna diversity technology such as embodiment, its corresponding physical interface is exactly two, when embodiment uses then corresponding a plurality of physical interfaces when advancing to have more (MIMO) technology more.WBB communicates by letter with outdoor wireless lan (wlan) access point base station by being positioned at the outdoor or indoor antenna that faces window, and WBB is as a wireless client connecting system of wlan system at this moment; WBB is by being positioned at indoor cover antenna and being positioned at indoor user terminal (wireless PDA, notebook computer etc.) communication simultaneously, and this moment, WBB worked as a wireless access point AP of wlan system; WBB also can communicate by letter with local PC by ethernet line; WBB is simultaneously also to carrying out exchanges data from the data of outdoor WLAN access point, indoor WiFi terminal and local ethernet interface.
Fig. 2 has further provided the functional block diagram of apparatus of the present invention.Wave point A sets up two-way tcp/ip communication as a WLAN wireless client by antenna A and outdoor WLAN access point among the figure under the control of control unit, and the establishment of connection process is deferred to 802.11 standards.Wave point B provides wireless access service by antenna B to the indoor wireless client as an indoor access point of WLAN under the control of control unit.The exchanges data between wireless A, B and the local interface is then finished in the exchanges data unit under control unit control.
As an embodiment of apparatus of the present invention, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 have provided the hardware and software Organization Chart respectively.Among Fig. 3, above-mentioned wave point is finished Radio interface protocols by RF transceiver and one and is formed to the Modem of ICP/IP protocol conversion.The IP exchanges data between local a plurality of 10/100BaseT interface and two wave points is then finished in the exchanges data unit that is made of a multiport Ethernet switching chip.Peripheral synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), flash memory (Flash), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memo) (EEPROM) unit of central processing unit (CPU) is responsible for business datum and software code storage and can be called by CPU, and hardware circuit benchmark job clock is responsible for providing in clock (CLK) unit.Power subsystem is responsible for the input power source conversion is become the DC power supply of multichannel hardware circuit use, and the state indicating member shows the modes such as operating state employing acousto-optic of installing according to the instruction of CPU.CPU is wherein moving one group of software code based on real time operating system (RTOS) as the control unit of whole device.This software comprises the driver module to two wave points and wired interface unit, finish two layers, the bridge joint and the routing function module of three layer data exchanges, for wave point communication provides the safety function module of data encryption, authentification of user, DHCP (DHCP) functional module of IP address assignment and management is provided for indoor broadband user, and management function modules such as equipment disposition based on Command Line Interface (CLI), WEB or Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), performance monitoring, software download are provided, as shown in Figure 4.
An advantage using method and apparatus of the present invention is to need not existing wireless broadband network is done any retrofit work.Below be example with the wlan system point-to-point protocol based on Ethernet (PPPoE) authentication mode commonly used, further specify characteristics of the present invention and advantage.The protocol stack that Fig. 5 has provided existing wlan network when adopting the PPPoE authentication distributes, see through WAP (wireless access point) as seen from the figure between wireless client and the access server and carry out the transmission of PPPoE authentication message, access server is finished user's authentication by remote customer dialing authentication service (RADIUS) agreement and certificate server simultaneously.After introducing device of the present invention in the wlan system, according to the different apparatus of the present invention of application scenarios two kinds of mode of operations are arranged: transparent bridging pattern and route pattern.Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 have provided PPPoE authentication protocol stack distribution under these two kinds of patterns respectively.Can clearly be seen that from Fig. 6, when apparatus of the present invention are operated in the transparent bridging pattern, any change is not done in the distribution of above-mentioned protocol stack, just between original wireless client and access point, increased a wireless bridging nodes, for apparatus of the present invention, the carrying data on all 802.11MAC all will be done transparent bridging between two radio ports.This mode of operation is applicable to by apparatus of the present invention provides the occasion of WiMAX access service to indoor a plurality of separate customers, covers as WiMAX is provided to indoor public places such as business offices, coffee shop, hotel, hotel, waiting rooms.Another kind of route pattern then is applicable to domestic consumer, small business the indoor wireless broadband inserting service is provided.As can be seen from Figure 7, this moment, apparatus of the present invention were exactly the client device of one family or small business for outdoor wireless broadband network, wherein preserve information such as the required account number of authentification of user, password, and finished the process of the outdoor wireless broadband network of access carrier by the PPPoE agreement.Simultaneously for indoor wireless client, apparatus of the present invention are then as the gateway of access carrier broadband network, and DHCP, local area network (LAN) are provided the functions such as route to outer net.For other authentication mode that wlan system may adopt, apparatus of the present invention only need can be supported by realization corresponding protocol stack on software, give unnecessary details no longer one by one here.Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that method and apparatus of the present invention is supported the charging flow of wlan network too.
More than the explanation that how the indoor wireless client is realized access carrier outdoor wide-band network by apparatus of the present invention has been given prominence in explanation, in fact because apparatus of the present invention are supported local ethernet (Ethernet) interface simultaneously, (be connected to apparatus of the present invention for indoor cable customer's end by ethernet line, as user PC) it is connected to the method and the process all fours of outdoor wireless broadband network, and just be based on 802.3 Ethernet protocols and no longer be 802.11 wireless protocols with being connected of setting up of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 8 has described apparatus of the present invention and has started to indoor user from power on and insert the workflow of outdoor wireless broadband network by it.At first set up 802.11PHY/MAC with outdoor WLAN access point by association process by wave point A after WBB powers on and be connected, these wireless connections are operated in certain by on the predefined channel of outdoor WAP (wireless access point).WBB enters corresponding flow process according to predefined mode of operation then.
If bridge mode, then WBB selects one other channel to send broadcast message by wave point B to indoor user, and access service is provided.The wireless user sets up by association process and is connected with the 802.11PHY/MAC of WBB when indoor user need be used wireless broadband business, wire user then connects to set up by ethernet line and is connected with the 802.3PHY/MAC of WBB, start the authentification of user flow process then, dial as PPPoE, judge this user for sending authentication success message and begin charging to this user behind the validated user when the BAS Broadband Access Server and the certificate server of operator, this user can bring into use broadband services.
If route pattern, then WBB utilizes the authentification of user of stored user information startup in advance flow process, and is mutual as carry out authentication message by PPPoE agreement and operator's WiMAX access server.When the BAS Broadband Access Server and the certificate server of operator judge that this user (WBB) is for sending authentication success message and begin charging to WBB behind the validated user, select one other channel to send broadcast message to indoor user behind the WBB access authentication success message by wave point B, access service is provided, starts simultaneously at the predefined routing function of indoor user.If this moment, indoor user need be used wireless broadband business, the wireless user sets up by association process and can use broadband services after the 802.11PHY/MAC of WBB is connected, and wire user is then brought into use broadband services by ethernet line connection foundation and after the 802.3PHY/MAC of WBB is connected.
The benefit of using apparatus of the present invention in wlan system is conspicuous.When disposing apparatus of the present invention, the antenna that connects wave point A can be placed on window or open air, like this if the signal of outdoor WAP (wireless access point) effectively near the outdoor environment in coverage goal zone (window) just can provide the WiMAX access service to indoor user by apparatus of the present invention, and be no longer necessary for the indoor covering raising WAP (wireless access point) deployment density of treatment or increase a lot of repeaters.So just having avoided is station for acquiring, the construction cost pressure that bring the outdoor access point of a large amount of construction of the indoor covering of improvement, repeater.Because apparatus of the present invention can be used as subscriber household and directly are deployed in user's family with access device, do not relate to complicated design, project installation work, relatively have the advantage that deployment is convenient and swift, can dispose as required with indoor distributed system, therefore have significant cost advantage.In addition, dispose well-known difficulty of wlan system and be that frequency spectrum resource is not enough, particularly the 2.4GHz frequency range has only the channel (as CH1, CH6, CH11) of three non-overlappings to be used, and often runs into the frequency planning difficulty during large scale deployment.Use apparatus of the present invention and can effectively improve this unfavorable factor.Apparatus of the present invention wave point B when using can (be operated in CH1 and B is operated in CH6 as A) according to the automatic configuration effort of connection situation of wave point A on one other channel, and can adjust the transmitting power of indoor covering according to the targeted environment situation, usually this power is much smaller than the transmitting power of outdoor access point, even simultaneously since building itself to the attenuation of wireless signal feasible be deployed in close on family two playscript with stage directions contrive equipment B wireless interface operation on same channel, they can not cause the phase mutual interference yet.That is to say that many apparatus of the present invention of closing on can and utilize construction wall that the attenuation of wireless signal is realized providing the WiMAX covering to indoor user separately with identical channel by careful adjustment transmitting power, thereby improve the availability of frequency spectrum effectively.This shows that apparatus of the present invention have effectively improved the availability of frequency spectrum when utilizing micropower to realize indoor good covering, system interference and the decreased performance problem of having avoided the repeater to bring have been improved the difficulty of large scale deployment time-frequency spectrum resource anxiety.
More than explanation all illustrates method and apparatus of the present invention based on wlan system, but those skilled in the art should understand, method and apparatus of the present invention is equally applicable to other wireless broadband network based on the IP technology, as long as wave point A and B among the WBB adopt corresponding wireless technology and realize corresponding radio protocol stack.Fig. 9 has described a general WBB interface protocol stack model, as seen from the figure the core concept of apparatus of the present invention be by two wave points respectively at two wave points termination wireless protocols A and B, and wave point A and B data carried by data realized intercommunication at IP and with the upper strata.Further, two wave points of apparatus of the present invention also can be supported different wireless technologys respectively, support WiMAX and unit B support WLAN as wave point A.
Do not depart from the scope of the present invention and conceive, above-mentionedly provide the method and apparatus of WiMAX access service can make multiple change and distortion to indoor user.Scope of the present invention is determined by appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. method that provides WiMAX to insert to indoor user, described method comprises the following steps:
1) by the broadcast of first Radio interface protocols reception from outdoor radio bandwidth access network;
2) set up wireless connections by first Radio interface protocols and outdoor WiMAX access point base station;
3) send broadcast by second Radio interface protocols to the indoor wireless client;
4) receive access request and processing from the indoor wireless client by second Radio interface protocols, response is from the access request of validated user and set up wireless connections;
5) will exchange from the data of outdoor WiMAX access point base station and indoor wireless client.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first and second Radio interface protocols are supported transmission control protocol (TCP) and Internet protocol (IP).
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described first Radio interface protocols is meant the Radio interface protocols of wireless access client side, and described second Radio interface protocols is meant the Radio interface protocols of WAP (wireless access point) base station side.
4. according to each described method among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that the exchanges data in described the 5th step can occur in medium and insert (MAC) layer or Internet protocol (IP) transport layer.
5. one kind provides the device WBB of WiMAX access service to indoor user, it is characterized in that this device comprises:
A radio interface unit A who is connected with operator WiMAX access base station;
The radio interface unit B that responsible indoor user inserts;
A local ethernet interface unit;
An exchanges data unit of being responsible between above-mentioned three interface units, carrying out exchanges data;
A control unit is responsible for the above-mentioned functions unit is carried out control and management.
6. device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described radio interface unit A and B support the Radio interface protocols standard based on transmission control protocol (TCP) and Internet protocol (IP).
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described devices, it is characterized in that described radio interface unit A is operated in client mode, described radio interface unit B is operated in the WAP (wireless access point) base station mode.
8. according to each described device among the claim 5-7, it is characterized in that the exchanges data that described exchanges data unit carries out can be according to the instruction works of control unit at transparent bridging pattern or route pattern between three interface units.
9. according to each described device among the claim 5-8, it is characterized in that described control unit carries out according to the information that is stored in the described device in advance the control and management of functional unit, described information can be revised at any time according to application demand.
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| CN200810040187A CN101621495A (en) | 2008-07-03 | 2008-07-03 | Method and device for providing wireless broadband access service for indoor users |
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| CN102316453A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-01-11 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Wireless access method and device thereof |
| CN102546403A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for transmitting message and small base station |
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| CN102625346A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-01 | 电信科学技术研究院 | LTE-LAN system, access device and terminal |
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| CN102088486A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-06-08 | 汉王科技股份有限公司 | Handwriting recognition server and handling method thereof as well as handwriting recognition server cluster system |
| CN102625346A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-01 | 电信科学技术研究院 | LTE-LAN system, access device and terminal |
| CN102625346B (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2015-04-15 | 电信科学技术研究院 | LTE-LAN system, access device and terminal |
| CN102316453A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-01-11 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Wireless access method and device thereof |
| CN102546403A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-07-04 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for transmitting message and small base station |
| CN102546403B (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2014-12-10 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method for transmitting message and small base station |
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| CN102857904A (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2013-01-02 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Hot spot opening method and device |
| CN106063345B (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2019-11-05 | 英特尔Ip公司 | Select the devices, systems, and methods of radio communication channel |
| CN106063345A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2016-10-26 | 英特尔Ip公司 | Apparatus, system and method of selecting a wireless communication channel |
| CN105376828A (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2016-03-02 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Wireless Internet access methods, wireless host equipment and wireless communication access equipment |
| WO2015117452A1 (en) * | 2014-08-25 | 2015-08-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Wireless internet access method, host, communication access device and computer storage medium |
| WO2020014363A1 (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-16 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Surface-link antenna architecture |
| US20200021038A1 (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-16 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Surface-link antenna architecture |
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