CN101619354B - Method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens - Google Patents
Method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens Download PDFInfo
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- CN101619354B CN101619354B CN2009100628950A CN200910062895A CN101619354B CN 101619354 B CN101619354 B CN 101619354B CN 2009100628950 A CN2009100628950 A CN 2009100628950A CN 200910062895 A CN200910062895 A CN 200910062895A CN 101619354 B CN101619354 B CN 101619354B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal breeding, in particular to a method for identifying fast feather type and slow feather type of chickens by applying double PCR. The method comprises the following steps: (1) designing two pairs of primers by utilizing a correlation sequence of a K gene locus found on a Z chromosome of a chicken according to structures of alleles of the fast and slow feather type; (2) extracting DNAs of chicken blood samples of the known fast and slow feather type to carry out a primer specificity test, and identifying the chicken to be a fast feather type or a slow feather type according to the size and the existence of an amplified DNA segment. When only one 350bp band is amplified, the chicken is judged to be a fast feather type, and when two bands of 350bp and 909bp are amplified, the chicken is judged to be a slow feather type. The invention also discloses a reliable checking method of the identifying method and applies the checking method to a breeding process of a self identification male and female matched system of the fast and slow feathers. The invention can shorten the breeding time of the self identification male and female matched system of the fast and slow feathers and save the breeding cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the animal breeding technology field, be specifically related to the method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of a kind of chicken.
Background technology
Male and female differentiate it is the important technology in producing of raising chickens in the modern times, in commodity egg is produced, differentiate to eliminate by male and female when chick goes out shell and publicly youngly raise public young space and feeding cost to save, and improve the surviving rate of hen; In fryer is produced, differentiate that by male and female carrying out the male and female branch supports, and is convenient to give different feeds and feeding and management condition according to the different growth rate of male and female, nutritional needs; For kind of a chicken, can by male and female differentiate only give the downstream for generations, father and mother provide monosexual kind of chick protection breeding achievement for chicken house.Male and female discrimination method commonly used at present comprises that turning over anus identifies and automatic sexing two classes; Turn over the difference of the young degeneration copulatory organ of anus identification and utilization male and female, differentiate (generally needing male and female discriminating person is carried out Special Training) by range estimation; Automatic sexing is then utilized and is positioned at the sex-linkage crisscross inheritance phenomenon that chicken sex chromosome (Z chromosome) is gone up gene, and the phenotypic difference when going out shell according to chick is identified the sex of hatch chick.The current gene locus that is widely used in automatic sexing most comprises gold and silver plumage (S-s) site and speed plumage (K-k) site, but gold and silver plumage site only can use in the chicken group of the red background in island, Lip river, and speed plumage site is not limited by chicken breed genetic background then.Speed plumage site is positioned on the Z chromosome, and wherein slow plumage (K) is a dominance to fast plumage (k), utilizes fast plumage cock (Z
kZ
k) and slow plumage hen (Z
KW) mating, the public young bird of offspring is slow plumage (Z entirely
KZ
k), female young bird is fast plumage (Z entirely
kW).Speed plumage phenotype goes out shell 24 hours chick and identifies as follows with interior: fast plumage type: primaries is longer than and is covered (relative length) more than the primaries 2mm; All the other are slow plumage type.Utilizing the speed plumage to carry out the chicken automatic sexing not limited by chicken breed genetic background; With respect to turning over the anus sex appraisal method, its discriminating speed is fast, and the accuracy rate height does not need the discriminating personnel are carried out technical training, and little to the chick damage, the possibility of cross infection disease is little, thereby is widely used in the chicken male and female are differentiated.
Though speed plumage automatic sexing is easy to many than turning over anus male and female authentication technique on authentication method, but utilize the speed plumage of phenotypic evaluation chicken when being applied to the chick automatic sexing, can not reach 100% sometimes because of driscrimination error except that the discriminating accuracy rate, topmost problem is the time that can accurately identify certain restriction to be arranged, and generally can not surpass behind the shell 24 hours.Therefore building in the supporting system of speed plumage automatic sexing needs from chick when being, need 2-3 generation could form the supporting system that the offspring reaches certain automatic sexing accuracy rate (general requirement is more than 99%).This just causes the speed plumage supporting is cultivating process complexity (relating to complicated processes such as pedigree hatching, the evaluation of plumage type and test cross), cycle is longer, building is that input is bigger, this technology popularization is used be restricted, and therefore a lot of enterprises still adopt at present turns over the discriminating of anus male and female.
The rate of feathering that studies have shown that ev-21 (Endogenous Virus-21, endogenous virus-21) and nascent chick in early days has relation, and it is slow to think that the insertion of ev-21 causes the chick feather the speed of giving birth to, and is the controlling gene of speed plumage.Whether Tixier-Boichard etc. (1994) utilize round pcr to have ev-21 to insert by detection and identify speed plumage phenotype, discovery has a small amount of fast plumage individuality that the insertion of ev-21 is arranged, also there is the slow plumage individuality of minority not have ev-21 to insert in addition, (Tixier-Boichard MH, Benkel BF, Chambers JR, Gavora JS:Screening chickens for endogenous virus ev21 viral element by the polymerase chain reaction.Poult Sci 1994,73 (10): 1612-1616.), show that the ev-21 site is not the control site of chicken speed plumage phenotype, and be one and closely linked site, speed plumage site.Elferink etc. (2008) have found difference (the Partial duplication of the PRLR and SPEF2 genes at the late feathering locus inchicken.BMC Genomics.2008 between fast plumage allelotrope and the slow plumage allelotrope; 9:391), disclosed the characteristics (see figure 1) in K site, utilized molecule marking method to identify that accurately speed plumage phenotype provides possibility to us.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of molecular assay method of chicken speed plumage is provided.Present method can not be subjected to time limitation, accurately identifies chicken speed plumage phenotype, thereby shortens the supporting system of speed plumage automatic sexing to build be the time, reduces and drop into.
Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
1) near the correlated series K gene locus (nucleotide sequence between the Z chromosome 9960Kbp-10140Kbp) is being found in utilization on the chicken Z chromosome, and is right according to two pairs of primers of the allelic structure design of speed plumage.
Wherein:
The nucleotide sequence of the Quality Control interior label primer that the speed plumage can both increase out is as follows:
CONTROL (contrast) forward primer: 5 ' GTGTTGTCCCAGCACTCCTT 3 ',
CONTROL (contrast) reverse primer: 5 ' GTTGAATCTTAGTCAGCAGCGT 3 ';
Have only the nucleotide sequence of the slow plumage special primer that slow plumage type chicken can increase out as follows:
Late (slowly) forward primer: 5 ' CTCCTCAGTCTCCTCCTCTC 3 ',
Late (slowly) reverse primer: 5 ' GCCTCCTATGTTTGCCTATC 3 '.
Use above-mentioned primer, use dissimilar chicken individuals dna profilings to carry out the double PCR amplification, in the time can only amplifying the band of a 350bp, judge that this individuality is fast plumage type; When two sizes of amplification are respectively the band of 350bp and 909bp, judge that this individuality is slow plumage type; The band if can not increase shows the template DNA poor quality, and extracting DNA carries out pcr amplification more again.
2) extract chicken blood sample DNA respectively by (known) fast, slow plumage individuality of phenotypic evaluation, determine primer specificity, optimize the condition (referring to embodiment 1) of pcr amplification.
3) reliability of the method for inspection: by the chicken blood sample DNA of 210 parts of known speed plumage phenotype individualities, utilize method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens to identify its speed plumage, compare with the result who utilizes phenotypic evaluation then, the reliability of check method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens.
Positively effect of the present invention is:
(1) utilize the DNA blood sample of speed plumage type chicken to set up the method for fast, the slow plumage of molecular markers for identification chicken, chicken speed plumage is identified not be subjected to time limitation (phenotypic evaluation method can not surpass shell after 24 hours), can in needs, identify chicken speed plumage accurately.
(2) utilize the present invention to carry out Molecular Identification, can shorten that the supporting system of speed plumage automatic sexing builds is time (reducing by a generation), saves and cultivates cost.
More detailed technical scheme sees that " embodiment " is described.
Description of drawings
Sequence table SEQ ID NO:1 is the forward primer of the speed plumage of the present invention Quality Control interior label primer that can both increase out
Sequence table SEQ ID NO:2 is the reverse primer of the speed plumage of the present invention Quality Control interior label primer that can both increase out
Sequence table SEQ ID NO:3 is the forward primer that the present invention has only the special primer that slow plumage type chicken can increase out
Sequence table SEQ ID NO:4 is the reverse primer that the present invention has only the special primer that slow plumage type chicken can increase out
Sequence table SEQ ID NO:5 is the sequence that SEQ ID NO:3 and two primers of SEQ ID NO:4 can only be amplified on slow plumage type chicken
Sequence table SEQ ID NO:6 is that SEQ ID NO:1 and two primers of SEQ ID NO:2 are in the sequence that can both amplify on fast, slow plumage type chicken
Fig. 1: be fast feather genes (k) and slow feather genes (K) difference and design of primers synoptic diagram: difference and design of primers between fast feather genes (k) and the slow feather genes (K): the speed feather genes on textural difference mainly be slow feather genes (K) have one section with the identical identical repetition of dna sequence dna of feather genes (k) soon, stride across this and repeat the slow plumage primer of tie point Position Design primer, just having only slow plumage type chicken can amplify a 909bpd brings, design Quality Control interior label primer on Z chromosome can amplify a 350bp band fast and slow plumage chicken in addition.
Fig. 2: double PCR is identified fast, the slow plumage electrophorogram (part) of chicken: two band 350bp and 909bp are arranged is slow plumage to 1,4,7,10 swimming lanes among the figure, 2,3,5,6,8,9 swimming lanes have only a band then to be fast plumage, M swimming lane: dna molecular amount mark (100-5000bp ladder).
Fig. 3: the download network address synoptic diagram that is fast, the slow feather genes that finds among embodiments of the invention 1NCBI position and correlated series thereof on the chicken Z chromosome.Nucleotide sequence between the described Z chromosome 9960Kbp-10140Kbp, download address is asked for an interview:
Http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/mapview/maps.cgi? TAXID=9031﹠amp; CHR=Z﹠amp; MAPS=model%2Crna%2Cgenes%2Ccntg-r﹠amp; QUERY NUMBER=1﹠amp; RID=4P8KETKN01R﹠amp; BEG=9%2C960K﹠amp; END=10%2C140K
Fig. 4: the genetic map of two parental lines
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1: the foundation of method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens.
1. chicken blood sample DNA extraction
DNA in the chicken blood sample of the known speed plumage phenotype of extraction adds 200 μ L TE damping fluids earlier, measures DNA concentration then, with the TE damping fluid it is diluted to 100ng/ μ L.
2. design of primers
According to chicken Z chromosome speed plumage site sequence that NCBI announced (be the nucleotide sequence between the described Z chromosome 9960Kbp-10140Kbp, referring to shown in Figure 3, the network address that sequence is downloaded is as follows:
Http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/mapview/maps.cgi? TAXID=9031﹠amp; CHR=Z﹠amp; MAPS=model%2Crna%2Cgenes%2Ccntg-r﹠amp; QUERY NUMBER=1﹠amp; RID=4P8KETKN01R﹠amp; BEG=9%2C960K﹠amp; END=10%2C140K) and the allelic difference (see figure 1) of speed plumage, utilize universal primer design software primer5.0 to design two pairs of primers, utilize oligo6.0 that two pairs of primers are estimated, select best sequence as primer.Described primer is synthetic by Shanghai Sangon Biological Engineering Technology And Service Co., Ltd.
Wherein: the primer sequence that is used for the double PCR amplification is as follows:
(1) nucleotide sequence of the speed plumage Quality Control interior label primer that can both increase out is as follows:
CONTROL (contrast) forward primer: 5 ' GTGTTGTCCCAGCACTCCTT 3 ',
CONTROL (contrast) reverse primer: 5 ' GTTGAATCTTAGTCAGCAGCGT 3 ';
(2) have only the nucleotide sequence of the slow plumage special primer that slow plumage type chicken can increase out as follows:
Late (slowly) forward primer: 5 ' CTCCTCAGTCTCCTCCTCTC 3 ',
Late (slowly) reverse primer: 5 ' GCCTCCTATGTTTGCCTATC 3 '.
3. double PCR amplification
The PCR reaction system is 20 μ L (referring to table 1), utilizes universal PC R instrument to increase.Amplification program is: 95 ℃ of 5min, and (94 ℃ of 40s, 62 ℃ of 40s, 72 ℃ of 40s) X35,72 ℃ are extended 7min.
Table 1, PCR reaction system
Unit: μ l
| Deionized water | 13.9 |
| Bffer | 2.0 |
| Magnesium ion (25pmol/ μ l) | 1.6 |
| dNTP(10pmol/μl) | 0.2 |
| Taq?DNA?polymerase(2.5U/μl) | 0.1 |
| Quality Control interior label primer forward (10pmol/ μ l) | 0.3 |
| The Quality Control interior label primer is (10pmol/ μ l) oppositely | 0.3 |
| Primer Late forward (10pmol/ μ l) | 0.3 |
| Primer Late is (10pmol/ μ l) oppositely | 0.3 |
| Template DNA (100ng/ μ l) | 1.0 |
Pcr amplification product is carried out electrophoresis detection in 1% sepharose, and take pictures with the BIO-RAD gel imaging system.
4, the speed plumage is identified
Judge speed plumage phenotype according to the electrophoretic band in the collection of illustrative plates (see figure 2), use above-mentioned primer, use dissimilar chicken individuals dna profilings to carry out the double PCR amplification, in the time can only amplifying the band of a 350bp, judge that this individuality is fast plumage type; When two sizes of amplification are respectively the band of 350bp and 909bp, judge that this individuality is slow plumage type; The band if can not increase shows the template DNA poor quality, and extracting DNA carries out pcr amplification more again.
Embodiment 2: the method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens reliability demonstration
1, the checking material is collected
The 1 Japanese instar chickling blood sample that automatic sexing is differentiated is collected in the glad China in Hubei Province ecological livestock and poultry company limited for 210 parts, wherein cock (slow plumage) is 96 parts, 114 parts of hens (fast plumage), extracting DNA is as speed plumage automatic sexing molecular assay method reliability demonstration material according to a conventional method.
2, method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens is to the evaluation of speed plumage
Carrying out the speed plumage by the method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens of setting up among the embodiment 1 identifies.
3. method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens reliability
Result's (partial results is seen Fig. 2) of chicken speed plumage Molecular Identification wherein is accredited as 114 on fast plumage, 96 on slow plumage, and with chicken speed plumage phenotypic evaluation result relatively, accuracy rate is 100%.
Embodiment 3: utilize the present invention to set up the supporting system of speed plumage automatic sexing (Application Example)
1. Material Used
Using method of the present invention and be Huangshi, Hubei Province Jing Shan agriculture and animal husbandry Science and Technology Ltd., to set up speed plumage automatic sexing supporting be colony, 1539 of selection kind chickens in 16 age in week, wherein cock is 220, and 1319 of hens are to each individual wing number and blood sample collection extracting genomic dna according to a conventional method of compiling.
2. the speed plumage is identified
Carrying out the speed plumage by the method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens of setting up among the embodiment 1 identifies.The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 method of the present invention is to the qualification result of chicken speed plumage
Unit: only
3. keep the foundation that is
With every slow plumage cock and fast plumage hen mating, observe offspring's rate of feathering (every cock is observed 7 chick at least), the offspring is slow plumage entirely, shows that cock is the KK homozygote; A fast plumage is arranged among the offspring, show that cock is a heterozygote, this cock should be eliminated.Test cross finds to have in the slow plumage cock 21 to be homozygote, and other are heterozygote.Utilize isozygoty slow plumage cock and slow plumage hen mating, fast plumage cock and fast plumage hen mating respectively, keep two parental lines that are used for the supporting system of speed plumage automatic sexing.
The genetic map of two parental lines as shown in Figure 4.
4. cut open inspection and determine the accuracy of male and female identification of supporting system
Utilize fast plumage cock (Z
kZ
k) and slow plumage hen (Z
KW), according to public affairs: female=breeding ratio breeding in 1: 20,2623 chick that go out shell are carried out speed plumage male and female differentiate, there are 1350 to be accredited as cock (slow plumage), 1273 and to be accredited as hen (fast plumage).Respectively randomly draw 100 from fast plumage and slow plumage group, the scene cuts open inspection, identifies its sex according to sexual gland, and with plumage type qualification result relatively, find the individual full hen that is of fast plumage, slow plumage individual complete is cock, accuracy rate 100%.
Sequence table
＜110〉Hua Zhong Agriculture University
＜120〉method for identifying fast and slow feather molecules of chickens
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<160>6
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＜213〉chicken (Gallus gallus)
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＜213〉chicken (Gallus gallus)
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<222>(1)..(22)
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＜213〉chicken (Gallus gallus)
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<222>(1)..(20)
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ccatcatctt?agcccttctt?tggatgcttt?ctaatagttt?tatattcttg?tattgtggtg 120
cccagaattg?caccaagtgc?tagagttgaa?gctacacagt?gcagagcaga?gtgagacagc 180
ccctcccctt?gcctggcagc?agagctgggc?ctgaggcacc?ccagggcatg?gtcaggactt 240
taggctccag?ggaacgctgc?tgactaagat?tcaacttgcc?atcagccaga?tccgtcagat 300
ccctttccat?agggaagcta?attaagagag?ttattgtgtt?tatttagttg?ctctgttgcc 360
actacaagaa?aaagatttca?aaaagaaaat?gaattttcat?gtgtttacac?acgaaaataa 420
gagcagtatc?ccaaaaactt?ttcataatga?atttttgaaa?taataaaaaa?tccttttaca 480
gtttatattt?accttttaac?tttcttggga?tctttataga?gaaatgcttt?ttcaacacaa 540
ttctgctttt?accttcacat?atctgtaatg?caatttagca?gtgcatgtaa?tttttttaat 600
tgatcacctg?agacccaatg?ttgattggta?gaattaccta?atagtactca?tgtttcttag 660
tttctgatat?gaattctaac?ctgagacaag?tgtcagacta?gggctagcat?ttaatataac 720
cccttaaatg?ccttgctttt?ccatctctcc?agggatggtt?tcagtgagag?aacactgtga 780
ttgatgctct?tcttcatctt?ccaccaaaac?tgctgcaaca?ttcgtatttg?tggtattcag 840
tgttatctta?tgcgcatcta?caatgctgt 869
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aagaaactaa?tatcttcagc?atatgaaaac?actcatccaa?agtacaagct?gtagtttata 120
tagaagaact?gtctgttcta?agctaagggg?tgtttaacca?tgatgaaaat?gaaattgact 180
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Claims (1)
1. the molecular assay method of fast, the slow plumage of chicken is characterized in that:
1) the K gene nucleotide series that finds between chicken Z chromosome 9960Kbp-10140Kbp is according to two pairs of primers of the allelic structure design of speed plumage;
2) extract genomic dna in fast, the slow plumage type chicken blood sample of phenotypic evaluation respectively, carrying out primer specificity detects, the genomic dna that extracts then in the plumage type chicken blood sample to be measured carries out the double PCR amplification, the electrophoresis detection pcr amplification product has or not and the big or small plumage type of identifying chicken to be measured according to the dna fragmentation that amplifies; In the time can only amplifying the band of a 350bp, judge that this individuality is fast plumage type; When two sizes of amplification are respectively the band of 350bp and 909bp, judge that this individuality is slow plumage type;
Wherein amplification step 1) the right nucleotide sequence of the primer of described K gene is as follows:
The Quality Control interior label primer that the speed plumage can both increase out: forward primer: 5 ' GTGTTGTCCCAGCACTCCTT 3 ',
Reverse primer: 5 ' GTTGAATCTTAGTCAGCAGCGT 3 ';
The slow plumage special primer that has only slow plumage type chicken to increase out: forward primer: 5 ' CTCCTCAGTCTCCTCCTCTC 3 ',
Reverse primer: 5 ' GCCTCCTATGTTTGCCTATC 3 '.
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| CN105132580B (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2018-06-12 | 河北农业大学 | A kind of detection method of slow plumage cock genotype |
| CN105648085B (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2019-06-04 | 北京市农林科学院 | A kind of method and application for quickly establishing the slow plumage system of Beijing Fatty Chicken |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103509874A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-15 | 北京市华都峪口禽业有限责任公司 | Method for distinguishing gene types of fast and slow featherings of chicks and method for distinguishing sexes of chicks |
| CN103509874B (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2015-10-21 | 北京市华都峪口禽业有限责任公司 | The genotypic discrimination method of chicken Feathering type and the male female discrimination method of chick |
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