CN101613801B

CN101613801B - Method for reducing metal, method for metallurgy, products and devices

Info

Publication number: CN101613801B
Application number: CN200910151235XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李柏荣
Original assignee: 李柏荣
Current assignee: Future energy (Shanghai) Limited
Priority date: 2009-06-29
Filing date: 2009-06-29
Publication date: 2012-12-19
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-29
Also published as: CN101613801A

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for reducing metal. The method comprises the following steps: adding a mixed material which consists of at least one metal-contained material, at least one reducing agent and at least one additive into a reactor; heating the reactor to a fixed reducing temperature; while stirring the mixed material, and pushing the mixed material to pass through the reactor; and after a period of reducing time, and obtaining a generated product which contains at least one nonvalent metal and residue. The invention also relates to a method for metallurgy comprising the metal reducing method and a product produced by the metal reducing method. Furthermore, the invention relates to a metal reducing device, a metal reducing system and a metallurgy system comprising the metal reducing device.

Description

Metal reduction method, metallurgical method and product and device

Technical field

The present invention relates to metallic reducing and metallurgical technology field, relate to the device of metal reduction method, metallurgical method and related prods and use especially.

Background technology

Metal is human indispensable material.At occurring in nature, they are not usually with simple substance, that is the form of zero-valent metal exists; For example: most of found, be that the form with compound and mixture is present in the ore.In order to obtain the metal of simple substance form, just need smelt and extract metal ore.

Extracting metals has several different methods, wherein a kind ofly is: utilize reductive agent, reduction ore under a proper temperature.The metallurgical method based on reduction reaction commonly used comprises, is example with the refinement of iron, and traditional method comprises blast furnace process.Other pig iron reductive methods commonly used comprise, for example: directly reduction and melting and reducing.Directly pig iron reduction mainly contains following two big types: (1) gas base directly reducing comprises: for example: Midrex shaft furnace process and HYL retort process making sponge iron; (2) coal-based direct reduction comprises: for example: use the Fastmet method of annular rotary hearth furnace, CRIMM method, Fastmelt method and the ITmk3 method of use rotary kiln.Great majority in these methods need high iron grade usually, as: ore iron grade is higher than 60%.Another coal-based direct reduction method uses tunnel and reactant with the Powdered tunnel that enters into.Melting reduction method comprises: for example: Corex method, Hismelt method, Finex method and other are like DIOS, AISI and CCF method.Another kind of method commonly used is the Hoganas method.

In general these above-mentioned methods, possibly need high energy expenditure, cause serious atmospheric pollution, or need a large amount of facility investments.In addition, these methods possibly are strict with high-quality charging, as: require high-grade ore, or in smelting process, need to control to avoid quality product relatively poor accurately.Therefore, still there is the intensive demand in the new metal reduction method for solving at least one the problems referred to above.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to a kind of metal reduction method, it is characterized in that: comprising: a mixture is joined in the reactor drum, and this mixture comprises: at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive; Heat this reactor drum to selected reduction temperature; When mixing material, promote it through reactor drum, and therefore through a section of reduction time; Obtain one then and generate product, this generation product comprises at least a zero-valent metal and residue.

The invention further relates to a kind of metallurgical method, it is characterized in that: comprising: a mix stages comprises: at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive are mixed into a mixture; One metallic reducing stage; Comprise: this mixture is joined in the reactor drum, and reactor heating is to selected reduction temperature, when mixing material; Promote it and pass through reactor drum; And therefore through a section of reduction time, obtain one then and generate product, this generation product comprises at least a zero-valent metal and residue; With a separation phase, at least a zero-valent metal is separated with residue.

The invention still further relates to a kind of product that generates by above-mentioned metal reduction method, it is characterized in that: generate product with: comprise the full particle form existence of kernel with the outer wrap layer of at least one zero-valent metal.

The invention further relates to a cover and be used for extracting from least a metalliferous material the metallic reducing device of at least a metal, it is characterized in that: comprising: one is used for holding the reactor shell of the mixture that contains at least a metalliferous material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive; One comprises heating unit that connects with the reactor enclosure body heat of at least one and the heating unit that controllably is connected in the temperature conditioning unit on the heating unit of at least one; With the propelling whisking appliance that is installed in this reactor shell.

The invention still further relates to a kind of metallic reducing system and a kind of metallurgical system and the metallic reducing product that use above-mentioned metallic reducing device.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the example metals method of reducing schema consistent with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the example metallurgical method schema consistent with the present invention.

Fig. 3 (A) is the example additives recovery method schema consistent with the present invention with Fig. 3 (B).

Fig. 4 is the example metallurgical system schema consistent with the present invention.

What Fig. 5 described is an example metals reducing apparatus consistent with the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the horizontal sectional view of metallic reducing device 6-6 intercepting along the line among Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the part enlarged view that advances whisking appliance among Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the 8-8 sectional view that advances whisking appliance among Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is the vertical section figure of metallic reducing device 9-9 intercepting along the line among Fig. 5.

Embodiment

The present invention relates to a kind of metal reduction method, it is characterized in that: comprising: a mixture is joined in the reactor drum, and this mixture comprises: at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive; Heat this reactor drum to selected reduction temperature; When mixing material, promote it through reactor drum, and therefore through a section of reduction time; With obtain one and generate product, this generation product comprises at least a zero-valent metal and residue.

In one embodiment, mixture exists with fine particulate.For example: fine grain particle size is less than about 1mm.Again for example, fine grain particle size is less than about 0.074mm.These particle sizes can know through a kind of selecting oneself, as: the process method of laser intensity method, settling process and electron microscope method is measured.

At least a containing metal material disclosed herein can be selected from: ore, slag, industrial residue and MOX.In one embodiment, at least a containing metal material is selected from ore.Ore includes but not limited to: low grade ore, mineral intergrowth and difficulty are selected the smelting ore deposit.For example, at least a containing metal material can be selected from low grade ore." low grade ore " described herein is meant that metal content is lower than the ore that prior art requires.For example, low-grade iron ore is meant that the iron grade is not higher than 60%, as: the weight of iron is 20%～60% of ore gross weight.In another embodiment, at least a containing metal material is selected from industrial residue.

Can also be used for a separate metal reduction process more than a kind of containing metal material.For example: more than one the industrial residue that contains iron, although these industrial residues have different sources and different size, can in a separate metal reduction process, unite and use and be reduced.

In one embodiment, at least a containing metal material contains at least a metallic compound.This at least a metallic compound can be selected from, as: all cpds that comprises at least a nominal price metal.For example: this at least a metallic compound can be selected from MOX, metal carbonate and metal hydroxides.Again for example, at least a metallic compound is selected from metallic sulfide, and this metallic sulfide can carry out being converted into MOX through a kind of known process method before the metallic reducing.When the containing metal compound that uses when a kind of, this at least a containing metal compound possibly contain identical or different metal.For example, a containing metal material possibly contain Fe ₃O ₄, Fe ₂O ₃, FeO, and/or its any combination.Again for example, containing the oxide compound of iron and/or nickel and/or the metallic compound of sulfide can coexist as in a kind of containing metal material.

At least a reductive agent can be any reductive agent that can make metallic reducing, and can be selected from, for example: the material with higher carbon content.In one embodiment, at least a reductive agent is selected from: coal, hard coal, coke, heavy oil, refinery coke and pitch.For example, at least a reductive agent can be selected from coal, hard coal and coke.

The add-on of at least a reductive agent in mixture disclosed herein maybe be greater than its theoretical molar value.In one embodiment, this at least a reductive agent add-on is than theoretical molar value about 5% to about 100%." the theoretical molar value " of at least a reductive agent of indication is meant under the ideal chemical reaction condition here; According to the estimated value of metal content in chemical equation and at least a containing metal material, calculate the metal reduction reaction of gained and fully accomplish required reduction dosage.For example, if with a kind of Fe that contains of coal reduction ₃O ₄Following chemical reaction: Fe will take place in material ₃O ₄+ 2C=3Fe+2CO ₂Under desirable chemical reaction condition, reduce 1 mole of Fe fully ₃O ₄, need 2 moles of carbon.That is 1 mole of Fe of reduction, ₃O ₄The theoretical molar value be 2 moles of carbon.In the practical application, the theoretical molar value of reductive agent is the estimated value calculating gained according to metal content in the containing metal material.

At least a additive disclosed herein can be to be used in order to reach multiple purpose, for example: remove any unnecessary material.For example: can remove sulphur and/or phosphorus at least a containing metal material through using described at least a additive.In one embodiment, at least a additive is selected from and contains at least a following cationic compound: Li ⁺, Na ⁺, K ⁺, Ca ²⁺, Sr ²⁺, Ba ²⁺And Mg ²⁺For example: this at least a additive can be selected from: LiCl, NaCl, KCl, CaCl ₂, SrCl ₂, BaCl ₂, MgCl ₂, LiF, NaF, KF, CaF ₂, SrF ₂, BaF ₂, MgF ₂, Li ₂O, Na ₂O, K ₂O, CaO, SrO, BaO, MgO, LiHCO ₃, NaHCO ₃, KHCO ₃, Ca (HCO ₃) ₂, Sr (HCO ₃) ₂, Ba (HCO ₃) ₂, Mg (HCO ₃) ₂, Li ₂SO ₄, Na ₂SO ₄, K ₂SO ₄, CaSO ₄, SrSO ₄, BaSO ₄, MgSO ₄, Li ₂CO ₃, Na ₂CO ₃, K ₂CO ₃, CaCO ₃, SrCO ₃, BaCO ₃, and MgCO ₃Again for example: this at least a additive choosing: NaCl, KCl, CaCl ₂, NaF, CaF ₂, SrF ₂, Na ₂O, CaO, MgO, NaHCO ₃, KHCO ₃, Ca (HCO ₃) ₂, CaSO ₄, BaSO ₄, MgSO ₄, Na ₂CO ₃, K ₂CO ₃, and CaCO ₃In one embodiment, this at least a additive is selected from: NaCl, KCl, NaF, CaF ₂, SrF ₂, CaO, MgO, NaHCO ₃, Ca (HCO ₃) ₂, BaSO ₄, MgSO ₄, Na ₂CO ₃, K ₂CO ₃, and CaCO ₃

The add-on of at least a additive in the mixture can depend on the various factors by the purposes decision of this additive.For example, if desulfurization in the metallic reducing process, then the add-on of this at least a additive depends on such as factors such as the content of sulphur and metalline in the containing metal material.The adding of the additive that this is at least a is all right, such as: the ambient condition that helps can promote reduction reaction in the inside reactor maintenance.In one embodiment, the add-on of at least a additive in the mixture is bigger than its theoretical value.For example: the add-on of at least a additive is than its theoretical value about 5% to about 100% in the mixture." the theoretical molar value " of at least a additive is meant on the basis of unnecessary material estimated value at least a containing metal material; Under the ideal chemical reaction condition, be used for the unnecessary material of at least a containing metal material is removed the calculated value of required additive.The theoretical molar value of additive can be on the basis of unnecessary physical property, uses the similarity method of the add-on of at least a reductive agent of calculating in the example and tries to achieve.

The ratio of at least a additive and at least a reductive agent can be according to such as the quality of at least a containing metal material, the metalline in the containing metal material, and/or the adding purpose of at least a additive.In one embodiment, the weight ratio of at least a additive and at least a reductive agent is about 1: 1.This weight ratio also can, for example: can promote the ambient condition of reduction reaction to change for guaranteeing inside reactor.

Reactor drum can be by preheating before mixture adds, or after mixture adds, is heated, or in the mixture adding, is heated.In one embodiment, whole metallic reducing process, temperature is maintained at selected reduction temperature always." maintenance " used is meant that the temperature of reactor drum is generally remained on selected reduction temperature always here.For example, when the mixture that possibly be lower than selected reduction temperature when a temperature is added into reactor drum, the reduction of the actuator temperature that possibly induce reaction.Again for example, the latter end that reacts in the reactor drum promptly, leaves reactor drum when generating product, and the temperature of reactor drum possibly be higher than selected reduction temperature.Mixture is possibility equally, for example: before adding reactor drum, be heated to selected reduction temperature.

The temperature of reactor drum can be controlled according to the time.For example: this temperature according to time control can comprise the cycle of a preheating, heating and cooling.In one embodiment, reactor drum is before being heated to selected reduction temperature, through the section preheating of setting warm up time.Then, temperature of reactor is maintained at selected reduction temperature in the recovery time of whole setting section; Be cooled in the section in the cooling time of setting with post-reactor, will generate the temperature that product is cooled to a hope.In the whole cycle, the different piece of reactor drum can, for example: be in different temperature.In one embodiment, the same time, the feed zone of reactor drum can be in a preheating temperature, and the stage casing can be in a selected temperature of reaction, and discharging section can be in a cooling temperature.In another embodiment, the same time, the temperature of whole reactor is maintained at a selected reduction temperature always.

Reduction temperature selected depends on multiple factor, such as: the metalline in the containing metal material and/or the particle size of the containing metal material after grinding.In one embodiment, selected reduction temperature is not less than 500 ℃.For example: selected reduction temperature scope can be about 800 ℃ to about 1200 ℃.In another embodiment, selected reduction temperature scope can be about 1000 ℃ to about 1050 ℃.

At least a zero-valent metal can be selected from magneticmetal and non-magnetic metal, like cobalt, copper, iron, lead, nickel, tin, tungsten and zinc.In one embodiment, this at least a zero-valent metal chosen from Fe, nickel and tin.For example: this at least a zero-valent metal can be selected from nickel and tin.In another embodiment, this at least a zero-valent metal is an iron.

Metal reduction method disclosed herein can be simultaneously or from the containing metal material, is extracted more than one metal successively, and this depends on the type and/or the metal properties of containing metal material.For example: if the containing metal material contains two kinds of metals, and these two kinds of metals can be extracted under similar condition, as: similar reduction temperature, these two kinds of metals just might be extracted from the containing metal material simultaneously so.Again for example; If the containing metal material contains two kinds of metals; But these two kinds of metals can not normally be reduced under simulated condition usually, and so a kind of metal just maybe be by reduction earlier, and residue possibly be recovered and is used for another then and takes turns metallic reducing process disclosed by the invention.

Recovery time selected depends on multiple factor, as: the character of metal in the containing metal material, selected reductive agent, and/or the particle size of the containing metal material after grinding.In one embodiment, the recovery time is not less than about 20 minutes.For example: the recovery time scope can be about 60 minutes to about 150 minutes.

In one embodiment, for example: promote it when using metallic reducing device disclosed herein to realize mixing material and pass through reactor drum.For example: the stirring to mixture can be continuously.Interchangeable, also can be discontinuously to the stirring of mixture.

In one embodiment, inside reactor is added into and contains just like the mixture of at least a containing metal material, and through in the process of reactor drum, the oxygen of inside reactor exhausted at mixture.The meaning of described " exhausting " is in reactor drum, not have O substantially ₂Residual.For example: O ₂Exhaust can through as: sealed reactor and then stop O ₂Getting into the such means of reactor drum realizes.However, when mixture is added into reactor drum, the O of trace ₂Still possibly be brought into.The interior O of reactor drum that is present in sealing ₂Can with mixture in reductive agent reaction back further exhausted.For metallic reducing, the environment that oxygen is exhausted is favourable and can increases reduction reaction rate and/or make reduction reaction more complete.

Generation product disclosed herein comprises: at least a zero-valent metal and residue.Residue can comprise: for example, any unreacted additive, unreacted reductive agent, unreacted containing metal material has absorbed the sub product of the waste gas that in the metallic reducing process, produces, and the sub product that produces of containing metal material and additive and reductive agent reaction.

At least a zero-valent metal possibly exist with the form of metal inner core, and residue perhaps all or part of with: cover at least a all or part of outside surface of zero-valent metal kernel, and can through as: grind the shell form that is removed and exist.

Therefore, generate the form that product can full particle and exist, it comprises metal inner core and outer wrap layer.The meaning of " full particle " described herein is inner imperforate particle.Full particle is different from inner pertusate sponge particle.As another example, the full particle in the generation product exists with the form of agglomerate.In one embodiment, the particle size of full particle is not more than about 10mm.In another embodiment, the particle size of full particle is not more than about 1mm.

Metal reduction method disclosed herein also possibly further comprise: before mixture is added reactor drum, at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive are ground to form fine particulate respectively and be mixed into mixed material.Can select; Metal reduction method disclosed herein also possibly further comprise: before mixture is added reactor drum, and the mixture that at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive are together ground to form fine particulate.When at least a containing metal material was selected from ore, grinding depended on, as: the disseminated grain size of metallic compound in the ore.One of main purpose of grinding comprises: as, expose the metal ingredient in the containing metal material.For reaching this purpose, the pre-treatment before grinding perhaps can be used, and comprising: fragmentation obtains to be fit to the ore size that grinding plant uses.

In order to further describe metal reduction method disclosed herein, some embodiment is partly passed through figure, as: Fig. 1 appears.S101 among Fig. 1 representes that one will be added the step of reactor drum by the mixed material of: the fine particulate that at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive are formed.This mixture is milled to the particulate particle size less than about 1mm, and purpose is: the speed that improves metal reduction reaction.

The S102 of Fig. 1 representes a reactor heating and holds it in a predetermined reduction temperature, continues to mix material, promotes it through reactor drum, and therefore passes through the step of a section of reduction time.According to the metal species with acquisition, reactor drum is heated to the temperature of suitable this metallic reducing.One selects appropriate reduction temperature and can improve the efficient of reaction to the stirring of mixture.

The S103 of Fig. 1 representes is one to obtain a kind of comprising: the step of the generation product of at least a zero-valent metal and residue.The zero-valent metal of this generation can further be processed metal product.Residue then can be by further processing, such as: use as the cement blend composition.

In the disclosed herein metal reduction method, reduction temperature and recovery time can be controlled.For example: if a kind of rhombohedral iron ore is reduced, selected reduction temperature possibly be about 1000 ℃ to about 1050 ℃, and the selected recovery time possibly be about 60 minutes to about 150 minutes.Again for example, if a kind of awaruite is reduced, selected reduction temperature just possibly be about 950 ℃ to about 1100 ℃, and the selected recovery time possibly be about 60 minutes to 120 minutes.

Mix stages disclosed herein is passable, for example: comprise additive that at least a containing metal material adding is at least a and at least a reductive agent, form mixture and mixture is ground to form fine particulate.Containing after the grinding: the mixture of metalliferous material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive possibly contain moisture.Therefore, this metallurgical method can, for example, further comprise a drying step.This mixture can by heat conduction media commonly used at least a technology drying.For example, at least a heat conduction media is optional from thermal oil, water and gas.

In addition, this metallurgical method can, for example, further comprise: before processing mixture, at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive are ground to form fine particulate respectively.This at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and/or at least a additive possibly contain moisture.Therefore, this metallurgical method maybe, for example, further comprise: after grinding steps, dry respectively at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive.In an interchangeable embodiment, after the grinding steps, at least a additive that ground, at least a reductive agent that ground and at least a containing metal material that ground can be mixed together into the mixture of grinding by proper ratio.The mixed material of this grinding can be dried and at least once add the desired water cut of reactor drum to reach then.

Metallic reducing stage disclosed herein and above-mentioned metal reduction method are similar.Here should be understood that: one or more metallic reducing processes possibly carried out in one or more reactor drums simultaneously.

Metallurgical method disclosed herein possibly further comprise: for example, directly the grinding steps behind the reduction phase in this step, generates product and is ground.This grinding steps is to be used for the shell that covers the zero-valent metal surface that zero-valent metal and metallic reducing stage form is separated.In one embodiment, a kind of wet grinding is used to grind the generation product.Any liquid that can be used for wet grinding can be used.For example, water or suitable, contain: for example, at least a additive, the aqueous solution or suspension liquid can be used for wet grinding.The amount of liquid that is used for wet grinding possibly be determined based on multiple factor, as: the amount that needs polished generation product.The preferred amounts of this liquid maybe be based on the purpose of efficient and is determined.For example: water or suitable containing: as: the solution of the additive that this is at least a or suspension liquid can be used to wet grinding.For example: before grinding, this metallurgical method comprises: in generating product, add entry, making the weight ratio that generates product and water is about 1: 1 to about 4: 1.As another example: the weight ratio that generates product and water then is about 7: 3.

In another embodiment that can select, dry grinding is used to grind and generates product, and a kind of zero-valent metal kernel is at least separated with the outer wrap layer.For example, the grinding stage possibly continue about 5 minutes to about 40 minutes.

This metallurgical method can further comprise: a waste heat recovery stage; This waste heat recovery stage be in the metallic reducing stage accomplish after, before grinding steps begins; Generate product and be cooled through at least a heat-conducting medium, the heat that is absorbed by this at least a heat-conducting medium is used further to the material that dry at least a needs are dried.The material that these at least a needs are dried can comprise: for example, in reduction reaction before beginning, at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent, at least a additive and/or any its mixture.In one embodiment, this at least a heat conduction media is selected from thermal oil, water and gas.

The separation phase of metallurgical method disclosed herein can be to use separation known method on any technology, for example, uses at least a being selected from: the separation method of magnetic method, electrostatic separation method, gravity separation method and flotation process.In one embodiment, this at least a zero-valent metal is selected from magneticmetal, as: iron.This at least a magnetic zero-valent metal can be through using, for example so: a kind of wet magnetic separation and from residue, being separated.In another corresponding embodiment, this at least a zero-valent metal is selected from non-magnetic metal.In this case, this at least a zero-valent metal can be through using known being selected from a kind of technology, and for example: the separation method of gravity separation method, electrostatic separation method and flotation process from residue, separates.

Metallurgical method disclosed herein after separation phase, may further include: a metal finished product stage and/or a residue treatment stage.The metal finished product stage can comprise, for example: to the processing of at least a zero-valent metal and the moulding of metal product.

Processing at least a zero-valent metal can comprise: for example, at least one is selected from: dry at least a zero-valent metal and form the step of one deck passive film at least a zero-valent metal surface.Processing at least a zero-valent metal can further include: for example, one sloughs the dehydrating step of this at least a zero-valent metal contained humidity.In one embodiment, this dehydrating step adopts at least a dewatering that is selected from strong magnetic dehydration, centrifuge dehydration, vacuum filtration and press filtration.The meaning of " drying " described herein is to use heat or heat conduction media that moisture is removed from material.The meaning of " dehydration " described herein is to use equipment that water is removed from material.

The moulding of metal product can comprise: for example, at least a sticker and at least a zero-valent metal are mixed and will contain the mixture briquetting of at least a zero-valent metal and at least a sticker, process metal product.This at least a sticker is selected from, as: specific surface area is greater than about 600m ²The cement clinker of/kg.In one embodiment, this at least a content of binder can be about 0.5% to about 5% of metal product gross weight.For example, this at least a content of binder is about 2% of a metal product gross weight.

The residue treatment stage can comprise: for example, at least one is selected from: residue is dewatered and residue is carried out the exsiccant step.Dehydrating step can be used known method at least a technology, is selected from: for example, and strong magnetic dehydration, centrifuge dehydration, vacuum filtration and press filtration.The residue treatment stage can further include: for example, residue grinds, so that it is used as the cement blend composition.

Metallurgical method disclosed herein may further include: for example, after separation phase, reclaim at least a additive.Because metallurgical method disclosed herein is a successive, the recovery of this at least a additive also can be successive and round-robin so.In one embodiment; At metallic reducing after the stage; This metallurgical method may further include one make water the wet grinding step, and through the residue of separation phase with dehydrated to obtain the liquid portion that a solid residue and contains all or part of this at least a additive.This liquid portion can be a solution or a suspension liquid.Through in the liquid portion of dehydrating step, at least a additive concentration can be adjusted to the saturation concentration near this at least a additive.This at least a additive can pass through: as, dry and be recovered.

Metallurgical method disclosed herein is further described through embodiment shown in Figure 2.Fig. 2 is the example metallurgical method schema consistent with the present invention, comprising: a mix stages, mix at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive, and form mixture; One metallic reducing stage; Comprise mixture is joined in the reactor drum that the reduction temperature that reactor heating to is selected is when mixing material; Promote it and pass through reactor drum; And therefore through a section of reduction time, obtain one then and generate product, this generation product comprises at least a zero-valent metal and residue; One separation phase comprises at least a zero-valent metal is separated from residue; With a post-processing stages, in this stage, at least a zero-valent metal and residue are processed.In one embodiment, reactor drum is maintained at a selected reduction temperature in the metallic reducing stage always.

As shown in Figure 2, before mix stages, the containing metal material can be crushed to particulate state according to required specification, as: be crushed to employed grinding plant, such as: the size that ball mill allows.In one embodiment, the containing metal material possibly be crushed to particle size less than 3mm avoiding, such as the potential injury of ball mill to grinding plant.Then,, can at least a additive and at least a reductive agent be joined at least a containing metal material, form mixture at mix stages.This mixture can be ground into the fine particulate of particle size less than 0.074mm subsequently.Should mix material can be through using further drying of thermal oil or water quilt.And before being added into the metallic reducing device, this mixture can be mixed fully.

As shown in Figure 2, between metallic reducing stage and separation phase, a waste heat recovery stage and a grinding stage can be carried out.The purpose in waste heat recovery stage comprises: for example, cooling generates product and with transfer of heat to heat conduction media.And the heat that reclaims can be used for drying and needs the exsiccant material.At grinding steps, the generation product can use a kind of wet grinding and worn away so that metal inner core is dissociated with its shell.

As shown in Figure 2, last handling process can comprise a metal finished product stage, a residue treatment stage.In the metal finished product stage, the metal that is reduced can at first pass through to use: for example, a kind of strong magnetic dewatering is removed moisture and is dried, and is passivated through generate one deck passive film on the surface then, and is further oxidized to stop it.A kind of then sticker can be added into and mix with this zero-valent metal.This metal and sticker can be by briquettings, to process the reguline metal product subsequently.In the residue treatment stage, residue can be dehydrated, dry and grind, and is used thereby process a kind of cement blend composition.

Metallurgical method disclosed herein after separation phase, may further include: reclaim this at least a additive.For example: metallurgical method disclosed herein may further include: the wet grinding step after reduction phase, before the separation phase; With the dehydrating step at least once after separation phase; Residue after separating in this step is dehydrated again; To obtain a solid part and a liquid portion, this at least a additive extremely is recovered near dry again this liquid portion of its saturation concentration through the concentration of this at least a additive in the adjustment liquid portion then.

Again for example: metallurgical method disclosed herein may further include: the wet grinding step after reduction phase, before the separation phase; One dehydrating step first, the residue after separating in this step is dehydrated again, to obtain a solid part and a liquid portion; At least once washing step, solid part is washed in this step; At least once second dehydration step obtains a at least second dehydration liquid portion.This at least a additive passes through: the liquid portion that will dewater the first liquid portion that obtains and a at least second dehydration obtain is used for the wet grinding step; This at least a additive concentration is near its saturation concentration in the liquid portion that liquid portion that obtains up to dewatering first or a at least second dehydration obtain; Liquid portion or a at least second dehydration liquid portion that dry then described dehydration first obtains, and be recovered.

Metallurgical method disclosed herein, relevant this at least a additive recovery part is further specified by the embodiment among Fig. 3 (A) and Fig. 3 (B).Shown in Fig. 3 (A), this metallurgical method may further include: the wet grinding step that makes water after reduction phase, before the separation phase; One is positioned at the dehydrating step first after the separating step, and the residue after separating in this step is dehydrated again, to obtain the liquid portion that a solid residue and dewaters and obtains first; One makes the washing step first of water, and in this step, solid residue is washed; One second dehydration step is to obtain the liquid portion that a solid residue and a second dehydration obtain; One makes the secondary washing step of water, and in this step, solid residue is washed; With a triple dewatering step, do not contain the solid residue of at least a additive and the liquid portion that a triple dewatering obtains substantially to obtain one.The liquid portion that each dehydration obtains can be a solution or a suspension liquid.Because this metallurgical method can be a successive; This at least a additive also can pass through: the concentration of this at least a additive is extremely near its saturation concentration in the adjustment liquid portion; The liquid portion that dry then each dehydrating step obtains, and reclaimed continuously.In this embodiment; The liquid portion that dehydration first obtains; The liquid portion that liquid portion that second dehydration obtains and triple dewatering obtain is mixed, and in the mixed solution, this at least a additive concentration passes through: for example; The water yield that adds in control wet grinding, washing first and the secondary washing step, and be adjusted near its saturation concentration.

In another embodiment, this at least a additive can be reclaimed continuously and circularly.Shown in Fig. 3 (B), this metallurgical method may further include: the wet grinding step that makes water after reduction phase, before the separation phase; One is positioned at the dehydrating step first after the separating step, and the residue after separating in this step is dehydrated again, to obtain the liquid portion that a solid residue and dewaters and obtains first; One makes the washing step first of water, and in this step, solid residue is washed; One second dehydration step is to obtain the liquid portion that a solid residue and a second dehydration obtain; One makes the secondary washing step of water, and in this step, solid residue is washed; With a triple dewatering step, do not contain the solid residue of at least a additive and the liquid portion that a triple dewatering obtains substantially to obtain one.The liquid portion that each dehydration obtains can be a solution or a suspension liquid.The liquid portion that dehydration first obtains; The liquid portion that liquid portion that second dehydration obtains and triple dewatering obtain can be sent back to the wet grinding step and use; To form a wet grinding step that need not add new water; Up to: for example, the concentration of this at least a additive in the liquid portion that dehydration first obtains is extremely near its saturation concentration.At that time, this liquid portion of obtaining of dewatering first is collected and is dried to reclaim this at least a additive.Because this metallurgical method can be a successive, this at least a additive also can pass through: the concentration of adjusting this at least a additive in the liquid portion is extremely near its saturation concentration, and quilt reclaims continuously.Such adjustment can be passed through: for example, and the water yield that adds in control wet grinding, washing first and the secondary washing step and realizing.

Here should be understood that: be similar among the embodiment of Fig. 3 (A) and Fig. 3 (B) at other; In the metallurgical method disclosed herein; Being positioned at metallic reducing, wet grinding and separating step washing and dehydrating step afterwards can be by the implementation of one or many; To reach: for example; The following purpose of at least one: this at least a additive concentration in the liquid portion that obtains after (1) dehydrating step can be adjusted near its saturation concentration, so that easier through dry this at least a additive that reclaims; (2) all or part of this at least a additive in the solid residue can be removed after washing and dehydrating step; So that the product of processing by this solid residue; As: a cement blend composition, quality can be because of the residual of this at least a additive by severe impairment.

The steam that is produced by evaporation can be used to the material that drying need be dried.This steam can be condensed so equally, and the water that obtains can be utilized again.

In one embodiment, the particle size of full particle is not more than about 10mm.Another example the most, the particle size of this full particle is not more than about 1mm.

The present invention also provides a metallic reducing system.Fig. 4 has explained such system.Metallic reducing system 48 comprises: according to from swimming over to most the series arrangement in downstream, a material preparation system 100, one metallic reducing devices 200; One HRU 300; One separation system 400, in addition, metallic reducing system 48 also comprises; The one metal finished product system 500 and a residue of parallel existence utilize system 600, and the both is in the downstream of separation system 400.Metallic reducing system 48 also comprises an additive recovery system 700, and it can be positioned at the downstream that metal finished product system 500 and/or residue utilize system 600.This metallic reducing system 48 should be understood that: can be included as and realize flow process disclosed herein and additional or interchangeable integral part.In addition, this metallic reducing system 48 should be understood that: it need not realize each flow process disclosed herein, need not comprise each integral part shown in Figure 4 yet.

Material preparation system 100 is the mixtures that are used for preparing a kind of fine particulate.This mixture can comprise: at least a metalliferous material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive.As shown in Figure 4, this material preparation system can comprise: a disintegrating apparatus 101 is used for broken at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and/or at least a additive; One mixing equipment 102 is used to mix at least a containing metal material, at least a additive and at least a additive; One grinding plant 103, for example: a ball mill is used for mixture is ground to form fine particulate; With a drying plant 104, be used for the mixture after the drying and grinding; This material is produced system 100 and should be understood that: can comprise one or more interchangeable fine grain devices of moulding that are used for; And these one or more devices can be separately be shaped to fine particle with at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive, or will be fine particle by one or more combination formings formed in: at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive.

Metallic reducing device 200 is to be used to accomplish the reduction reaction of containing metal material and to extract elemental metals.Fig. 5 has described the example embodiment of a metallic reducing device 200 and HRU 300.Fig. 6 is the horizontal sectional view of metallic reducing device 200 6-6 interceptings along the line among Fig. 5.Fig. 9 is the vertical section figure of metallic reducing device 200 9-9 interceptings along the line among Fig. 5.Like Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and shown in Figure 9, this metallic reducing device 200 comprises: two propelling whisking appliance bracing or strutting arrangements 1, a pressurization blanking device 2, a hopper 3, advance that whisking appliance 4, a reactor shell 5, a heating unit 6, a thermal insulation layer 7, elevated-temperature seal 8, two shaft couplings 9 (a shaft coupling 9a and a shaft coupling 9b), a wheel casing 29, one speed reducer 10, a motor 11, shell foundation support 12, housing sliding support 30 and an extraction line 13.

The parts of metallic reducing device 200 can be to be processed by various various metals or non-metallic material that can the device of anti-metallic reducing the 200 service temperatures.For example: metallic reducing device 200 can be can anti-600 ℃-3000 ℃ metal or non-metallic material to be processed by various.For example: high-temperature steel can be used to make many parts of metallic reducing device 200.

When metallic reducing device 200 running, the pressurization blanking device 2 that connects with hopper 3 is pressed into the material in the hopper 3 (mixture) the leading portion part 31 of housing 5.Yet be construed as here: other assemblies or layout also can be used to charging is added the leading portion part 31 of housing 5.For example: a pure gravity charging or a rotor pump also can be used to charging is added the leading portion part 31 of housing 5.Housing 5 is supported by housing shoring of foundation 12, and every end is all sealed by elevated-temperature seal 8, and part is covered by heating unit 6 at least.At least part heating unit 6 is covered by thermal insulation layer 7, and to material heat is provided through housing 5.Therefore, should be understood that here: heating unit can hot coupling housing 5.As what use here, if heat can be between first structure and second structure directly or indirect transfer, first structure heat connects second structure so.Advance whisking appliance 4 to be positioned among the housing 5, and comprise two axles that are parallel to each other and arrange.Yet, advance whisking appliance 4 to be understood as that: can comprise the axle (as: one or more axle) of other numbers, and these can be that what to be parallel to each other layout also can be the layout that is not parallel to each other.

No matter be how many root axles, each termination of each all with advance whisking appliance bracing or strutting arrangement 1 to connect and by its support.One end of every propelling whisking appliance all be connected to a shaft coupling 9 (as, an end of turning axle 61 connects with shaft coupling 9a, an end of turning axle 62 connects with shaft coupling 9b).Shaft coupling 9 links with the wheel casing 29 that connects with speed reduction unit 10 and motor 11 successively again.Motor 11 provides rotary power through speed reduction unit 10 to wheel casing 29.Wheel casing 29 is rotated the distribution of power between shaft coupling 9, shaft coupling 9 provides rotary power to the every axle that advances whisking appliance 4 then.Here should be understood that: metallic reducing device 200 need not comprise wheel casing 29.For example: advance among 4 embodiment that are made up of a turning axle of whisking appliance one, speed reduction unit 10 can obtain rotary power from motor 11, directly to the shaft coupling 9 that connects with this single turning axle rotary power is provided then.Selectable, metallic reducing device 200 also can be such form: advance every turning axle of whisking appliance 4 all to be furnished with a motor 11 and one speed reducer 10, each motor 11 can provide rotary power to single turning axle through one speed reducer 10 and shaft coupling 9.Under any circumstance, because advance the rotation of one or more turning axle of whisking appliance 4 charging to be stirred and advanced past the downstream part 32 that housing 5 arrives housing 5, here, material is discharged metallic reducing device 200 through extraction line 13.

Thermal insulation layer 7 can be applied to the outside surface of heating unit 6, and this can stop heat from heating unit 6 and housing 5, to scatter and disappear.Elevated-temperature seal 8 is installed in the two ends of housing 5, and it can tolerate the operating temperature of metallic reducing device 200.Elevated-temperature seal 8 can help to keep " oxygen depletion " atmosphere (as: preventing that oxygen from getting into housing 5) of housing 5 inside, can also prevent that housing 5 inner dust from getting into the mechanics of metallic reducing system 48.

Fig. 7 is the enlarged view that advances whisking appliance 4.As stated, advance whisking appliance 4 can comprise two turning

axles

61 and 62, the layout that these two turning axles can be parallel to each other.Every turning axle can comprise the blade 63 that is interrupted to arrange along its circumference (Fig. 8) and axial length (Fig. 7) of a plural number.Yet be construed as here: every turning

axle

61,62 can comprise still less or more blade 63.For example: every turning

axle

61,62 can have an independent blade along its axial length extension, and this independent blade can form a spirane structure.

The described turning axle 62 of Fig. 7, each blade 63 can have a upstream face 50 and a downstream end face 55.The upstream face 50 common longitudinal center line 70 of each blade 63 perpendicular to turning axle 62, and the downstream end face 55 of each blade 63 can have angle with the face 72 that extends along longitudinal center line 70 vertical direction of turning axle 62.Special, the downstream end face 55 of each blade 63 can comprise the angle between about 1 ° and about 45 °.Here should be understood that: downstream end face 55 can be a planar or nonplanar, and the angle of a nonplanar downstream end face 55 can be by as shown in Figure 7, and the straight line between some U and the some L is confirmed.The angle number of degrees of each blade 63 on the turning axle 62 all are to be parallel to each other under the situation of arranging at each blade, can be identical.Selectable, the number of degrees of angle can change between all blades 63 of turning axle 62, can increase along the axial length of turning axle 62 or reduce.For example: possibly there is 5 °～about 15 ° difference according to appointment in an angle that is positioned at turning axle 62 upstream extremity head part blades with an angle that is positioned at turning axle 62 downstream end head part blades.The variation of this angle perhaps can increase propelling and the stirring that advances 4 pairs of chargings of whisking appliance.

Blade 63 also can be by slight bending.The radially inner edge 64 of each blade 63 can twist according to its radially outer edge 65.In addition, the thickness of each blade 63 can change along the arc of blade 63, and as shown in Figure 8, and the spill that the radially inner edge 64 of each blade 63 can be positioned in turning axle 62 connects in 67.This blade 63 connects with spill between the turning axle 62 can prevent that blade 63 is bent or destroys in metallic reducing device 200 working process.In addition, blade 63 can be covered by at least a high-abrasive material, and this high-abrasive material can help to stop and/or the wearing and tearing of blade 63 in metallic reducing device 200 work engineerings of slowing down.For example: this abrasive substance can be: nickel, chromium, titanium, diamond and/or the other perhaps combination of various high-abrasive materials of material.Selectable, blade 63 also can be processed into anti abrasive.For example: blade 63 can be handled to such an extent that have a wear resistance by thermal treatment or other.

Of Fig. 8, when vertically seeing past tense along turning axle, the blade of at least one is actually the C type, and can be that one section arc β along turning axle 62 extends.For example: arc β can be the arc between about 120 ° to about 160 °, and can be about 140 °.Can select, β also can be less than about 120 ° or greater than about 160 °.As shown in Figure 7, C type blade 63 can be to be positioned at along on the identical circumferential position of turning axle 62.Can select, this C type blade 63 also can be positioned at along on the different circumferential position of turning axle 62.At last, should be understood that here: the discussion of above-mentioned blade 63 various structures to turning axle 62 is applicable to the blade 63 of turning axle 61 too, and turning axle 61 and 62 has identical or different structure.For example: the blade 63 of turning axle 61 can be positioned on the different axial positions according to the blade 63 of turning axle 62.Can allow like this, when when advancing axially the looking of whisking appliance 4, the blade 63 of turning axle 61 and blade 63 overlaids of turning axle 62.Therefore, the blade 63 of turning axle 61 perhaps is meshed with the blade 63 of turning axle 62 in metallic reducing device 200 operation process.

According to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, the motor 11 that is connected with speed reduction unit 10, wheel casing 29 and shaft coupling 9 provides the rotary power of adjustable speed to the turning

axle

61,62 that advances whisking appliance 4.Motor 11 can be: the motor of an alternating current machine, an alternating-current variable frequency motor or other kinds.Can select, motor 11 also can be: the oil engine of an oil motor, a petrol motor or other kind.

Speed reduction unit 10 is used to coordinate the rotating speed of turning

axle

61,62 and the rotating speed of motor 11.Such coordination is useful, and this is because the rotating speed of motor 11 possibly be much higher than the required rotating speed of turning

axle

61,62, and turning

axle

61,62 rotates the moment of torsion that required torques also possibly can provide greater than motor 11 simultaneously.Speed reduction unit 10 can be a cylinder gear speed reducer.But should be understood as that here: what speed reduction unit 10 can be selected is: a planet gear reducer or other suitable mechanical reduction gears.

Wheel casing 29 can be used at the turning axle 61 that advances whisking appliance 4, distribute rotary power between 62.For example: wheel casing 29 can be equably or unevenly at turning axle 61, distribute rotary power between 62.Wheel casing 29 can comprise, for example: one or more gears.Selectable or other, wheel casing 29 can comprise, and for example: perhaps other can distribute the device of rotary power at turning axle 61, between 62 for one or more chains, belt, pulley.

Shaft coupling 9 be used to compensate the turning

axle

61,62 that advances whisking appliance 4 radially, axially and/or the deviation of angle.Shaft coupling 9 can be through helping to reduce turning

axle

61,62 because the distortion that gravity and/or 200 runnings of metallic reducing device cause improves the safety of metallic reducing device 200.For example: each shaft coupling 9 can comprise one or more universal joints, oldham coupling, Tang Pusen shaft coupling, perhaps other can allow turning

axle

61,62 radially, axially and/or transmit the various shaft couplings of moment of torsion under the situation of angle deviation.

Advance whisking appliance bracing or strutting arrangement 1 to be used to support the turning axle 61 and turning axle 62 that advances whisking appliance 4.This support can be through preventing turning

axle

61,62 because distortion that its deadweight causes and/or skew improve the stability of turning axle 61,62.Each advances whisking appliance bracing or strutting arrangement 1 can comprise one or more bearings, and these bearings can allow when turning

axle

61,62 axial elongations, the corresponding end motion of turning axle 61,62.For example: when reaching a high temperature (as: 1100 ℃) when metallic reducing device 200 is in operation, turning

axle

61,62 may axial elongation (as: being equal to or higher than 10cm).These one or more bearing can comprise: for example, and one or more lining or sliding surface bearing, fluid bearing, magnetic bearing, the perhaps bearing that is designed to allow turning

axle

61,62 corresponding end motions of other kinds.

According to Fig. 5 and Fig. 9, shell foundation supports 12 can support barrel 5, and possibly comprise: the framework that has one or more crossbeam.That can select or other, barrel bracing frame 12 can comprise one or more suspension brackets, support and/or other can support housing 5 and/or shell foundation support the element at 12 other positions.Although shell foundation support 12 is support housing 5 directly, can expect still that here like Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 8, the perhaps other sliding support 30 of passing through that shell foundation support 12 can be selected is come support housing 5.The sliding support 30 of plural number can be arranged along shell length direction or width.Under any circumstance, shell foundation support 12 and/or sliding support 30 can prevent barrel 5 owing to conduct oneself with dignity and be out of shape and/or squint.Through preventing housing 5 distortion and/or skew, shell foundation support 12 and/or sliding support 30 also can prevent that housing 5 from hindering the rotation of the turning

axle

61,62 that advances whisking appliance 4 simultaneously.

As shown in Figure 5, each sliding support 30 comprises the second section 40 that a first part 35 and connects with first part movably.What first part 35 was fixed is connected on the housing 5, and the shell foundation that is connected in that second section then is fixed supports on 12.On the other hand, first part 35 and second section 40 can relatively move between the two.When housing 5 axial elongations, this relative movement can allow to move each other between housing 5 and the shell foundation support 12.For example: when reaching a high temperature (as: 1100 ℃) when metallic reducing device 200 is in operation, housing 5 may axial elongation (as: being equal to or higher than 10cm).Distinguishingly, each first part 35 possibly comprise smooth and slick surface with second section 40.And the smooth and smooth surface of first part 35 is placed on the smooth and slick surface of second section 40.When first part's 35 relative second sections 40 moved, the smooth and smooth surface of first part 35 will slide along the smooth and smooth surface of second section 40.Can select, first, second part 35 and 40 also can not contain smooth and slick surface.For example: first part 35 is selectable to comprise a roller, and second section 40 contains a track, and so, when housing 5 axial elongations, the wheel of first part 35 will roll along the track of second section 40.In another scheme that can select, first part 35 comprises track second section 40 and then comprises roller, and perhaps first and second parts 35 and 40 comprise other, when support housing 5, and the structure that still can relatively move.

Heating unit 6 provides heat through housing 5 to reduction reaction, and heating unit 6 can comprise: one or more direct or indirect less energy-consumption heating units that connect with housing 5 heat.For example: each heating unit can comprise: perhaps other can provide the heating unit of heat to metallic reducing for a resistance heater, an infra-red heat pipe heater, a gas furnace, an intermediate frequency heater, a coal furnace, a hot stove, a fluidizing furnace, a Circulation fluidized-bed furnace, a conveyor furnace, an interchanger.In addition, heating unit 6 can also comprise one or more temperature control units that controllably connect with heating unit.For example: each temperature control unit can comprise one or more transmitters and/or unit.Each transmitter of temperature control unit can respond to one can show the mixed temperature of charge that housing 5 and/or housing 5 are inner parameter, and with these parameters of unit exchange.According to this temperature, unit just can be adjusted the work of one or more heating units, and temperature is remained on a selected reduction temperature.

In a reduction process, charging (mixture of being made up of at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive) is delivered to the housing 5 from hopper 3.In housing 5, mixture is urged into whisking appliance 4 propellings and stirring.Reduction reaction takes place in housing 5, containing metal material and reductive agent in housing 5, react generate contain metal simple-substance with other such as the high temperature resultant of waste gas and residue.Waste gas contains just like sulphur, the such objectionable constituent of phosphorus, but they can be added agent and absorb and be fixed in the residue, to reduce environmental pollution as far as possible.Then, pyritous generates product and is discharged from through extraction line 13, and gets into last handling process.

HRU 300 is used to from reduction process, reclaim heat energy and utilizes.As shown in Figure 5, HRU 300 connects with metallic reducing device 200.This HRU 300 is designed to from metallic reducing device 200, receive pyritous and generates product, then from wherein reclaiming heat energy.

As shown in Figure 5, HRU 300 comprises: two handling machinery bracing or strutting arrangements 14, a feed-pipe 15, a handling machinery 16, a HRU housing 17,

heat exchange sleeve

18 and 19, a thermal insulation layer 20, elevated-temperature seal 21, a shaft coupling 22, one speed reducer 23, a motor 24, shell foundation support 26 and one extraction line 25.

When HRU 300 runnings, the generation product of from metallic reducing device 200, discharging is admitted to a upstream portion 80 of housing 17 through feed-pipe 15.For example: the extraction line 13 of metallic reducing device 200 can link with feed-pipe 15, generates product then and just can directly join the housing 17 from metallic reducing device 200 through feed-pipe 15.Can select, other structure can be arranged between extraction line 13 and feed-pipe 15, generate product and also can add housing 17 indirectly through feed-pipe 15.Housing 17 supports 26 by shell foundation and supports, and two ends are covered by heat exchange sleeve 18 and 19 by elevated-temperature seal 21 sealings at least in part.Heat exchange sleeve 18 and 19 insulation layer 20 at least in part covers, and its effect is: from generate product, reclaim heat through housing 17.Therefore, should be understood that here: heat exchange sleeve 18 and 19 connects with housing 17 heat.Handling machinery 16 is positioned at housing 17, can comprise a turning axle.Every end of turning axle all connects with a handling machinery bracing or strutting arrangement 14 and by its support.And an end and the shaft coupling 22 of turning axle link, and this shaft coupling connects with speed reduction unit 23 and motor 24 successively.Motor 24 provides rotary power through speed reduction unit 23 and shaft coupling 22 to the turning axle of handling machinery 16.The rotation of the turning axle through handling machinery 16 promotes to generate product and arrives a downstream part 85 of housings 17 through housing 17, and here, this generation product is discharged from HRU 300 through extraction line 25.

Some structures and the homogeneous structure in the metallic reducing device 200 of HRU 300 are similar.Especially, handling machinery bracing or strutting arrangement 14 is similar with propelling whisking appliance bracing or strutting arrangement 1, and HRU housing 17 is similar with reactor shell 5; Thermal insulation layer 20 is similar with thermal insulation layer 7, and elevated-temperature seal 21 is similar with elevated-temperature seal 8, and shaft coupling 22 is similar with shaft coupling 9; Speed reduction unit 23 is similar with speed reduction unit 10; Motor 24 is similar with motor 11, and shell foundation supports 26 and supports 12 similarly with shell foundation, and extraction line 25 is similar with extraction line 13.

Heat exchange sleeve

18 and 19 reclaims heat energy through housing 17 from generate product.Can contain a heat conduction media in each

heat exchange sleeve

18 and 19, this heat conduction media can absorb and/or heat energy storage from generate product, thereby helps cooling should generate product.These heat energy can be used for those materials that need be dried of drying aid, and can reduce the total energy consumption of metallic reducing system 48.For example: the heat conduction media in the heat exchange sleeve 18 can be an oil, and the heat conduction media in the heat exchange sleeve 19 can be a water.Can select, the heat conduction media in the heat exchange sleeve 18 can be a water, and the heat conduction media in the heat exchange sleeve 19 can be an oil.Another situation about can select is: the heat conduction media in the

heat exchange sleeve

18 and 19 can be that gas or other can absorb and/or the media of heat energy storage, and can have identical or different media separately.Under any circumstance, this heat conduction media can circulate with transferring heat energy between each component between the each several part in the metallic reducing system 48.

With reference to figure 4, separation system 400 is used to the reducing metal of from metallic reducing device 200, discharging is separated from residue.As shown in Figure 4, separation system 400 can comprise: one is used to grind the grinding plant 401 that generates product.For example, grinding plant 401 can comprise: a ball mill, a hypergravity grinding machine or other kinds can be ground the grinding machine that generates product.In addition, this separation system 400 can comprise that one is used for separating device 402 that reducing metal is separated from residue.For example: this separating device 402 can comprise that one is used for magnetic separator that magneticmetal is separated from residue.Under another situation about can select, this separating device 402 can comprise: a flotation machine, an electrostatic separation machine or other kinds can be separated non-magnetic metal from residue separating device.

Metal finished product system 500 can be used to use as-reduced made metal product.As shown in Figure 4, metal finished product system 500 can comprise that one is used to handle the treatment system 505 of reducing metal.Treatment system 505 can comprise that one is used for removing from reducing metal the water extracter of moisture.For example: this water extracter can comprise: the last one magnetic water extracter, a separating centrifuge (as: a horizontal rotation type separating centrifuge), a vacuum filtration unit, a press filtration unit or other can remove the device of moisture from reducing metal.In addition, this treatment system 505 can comprise that one is used for the dry drying plant of reducing metal.This treatment system 505 can comprise that also one is used for forming on surface, reducing metal the passivation system of passive film (that is: as-reduced metal treatment must be difficult to reoxidized).That can select or additional, this treatment system 505 can comprise that one is used for reducing metal is heat-treated or the device of other processing.

Perhaps, finished product system 500 comprises also that one is used for the moulding formation system 510 of reducing metal.For example: this formation system 510 can comprise one will be the equipment of colding pressing of reducing metal and a sticker briquetting.That can select or additional, this formation system 510 can comprise one be used for cutting, punching press, bending, rolling or other can reducing metal be processed the equipment of metal product.

Residue utilizes system 600 can be used for residue is fully utilized.As shown in Figure 4, residue utilizes system 600 can comprise that one is used for dehydration equipment 601 that moisture is removed from residue.For example: dehydration equipment 601 can comprise: the last one magnetic water extracter, a separating centrifuge (as: a horizontal rotation type separating centrifuge), a vacuum filtration unit, a press filtration unit or other can remove the device of moisture from residue.That can select or additional, residue utilizes system 600 can comprise that one is used for the drying plant 602 of dry residue.Residue utilizes system 600 can also comprise that one grinds the grinding plant 603 of residue, so that residue can be for example: use as a cement blend composition.For example: grinding plant 603 can comprise that a ball mill, a hypergravity grinding machine or other kinds can be with the grinding machines of residue grinding.

Additive recovery system 700 is used to recovery and reuse, is contained in by metal finished product system 500 and/or residue and utilizes in the water that dehydration equipment removed in the system 600 at least a additive.As shown in Figure 4, additive recovery system 700 can comprise that a settling tank 701 or other can increase the equipment of the concentration of this at least a additive in this water.In addition, additive recovery system 700 can comprise that one is used for dry moisture and the drying plant 702 that reclaims at least a additive

Metallic reducing system 48 disclosed herein can have the following advantage of at least one:

1. less energy-consumption.As shown in Figure 5, can comprise: for example: the heating unit 6 of the less energy-consumption heating unit of infra-red heat pipe heater is covering shell 5 outsides at least in part, and the material that therefore is admitted in the heating of reduction reaction generation part.Therefore, this less energy-consumption heating unit and housing 5 approaching allows metallic reducing system 48 to avoid heating other unnecessary structures.Metallic reducing system 48 uses and advances whisking appliance 4 to go to advance and stir charging, increases the contact between the fine particle in the charging.The contact of this increasing has reduced the reaction times greatly, simultaneously the heat transfer between enhanced feed and metallic reducing system 48 each several parts.Charging was ground into fine particulate before getting into housing 5, therefore can under lower reduction temperature, react.The outside surface of housing 5 insulation layer 7 at least in part covers, and has therefore reduced thermosteresis.These characteristics greatly reduce energy consumption.

2. low investment.Use to advance whisking appliance 4 to advance, stir material, thereby reduced the needs of material being made ball.Therefore, the investment on balling equipment becomes and is not necessary.In addition, in the disclosed herein reduction reaction, one such as: the solid reductant of coal is used, so the present invention no longer need be used for generating and the transport gas reductive agent, for example: CO and H ₂Equipment.In addition, give the credit to the succinct structure of metallic reducing device 200 itself, its manufacturing cost is significantly less than other metallic reducing device.

3. can use low-grade ore and reactant.This metallic reducing system 48 allows to use low-grade ore and reactant.At least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent (as: coal) and at least a additive were ground fully and are mixed before adding metallic reducing device 200.This at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent (as: coal) and at least a additive are urged into whisking appliance 4 subsequently again further to be mixed.This " dual mixing " increased the contact between at least a additive, at least a containing metal material and at least a reductive agent.The contact of this increase helps to have reduced the requirement at least a containing metal material grade, and has improved the rate of reduction of metal.

4. modular design.Metallic reducing system 48 can adopt modular design.Through modular design, metallic reducing system 48 can make up plurality of modules to satisfy the Different products needs with flexible way.Metallic reducing system 48 can comprehensively have the system of five functional: less energy-consumption heating, stirring and at least a additive of propelling material, metallic reducing, waste heat recovery and use absorb the obnoxious flavour that produces in the metallurgical process, and are fixed in the residue.So just significantly reduced amount of equipment and complexity, made metal smelting reduction process simple and reliable.

5. fine product.As stated, to environment and the deleterious material of metal product quality,, all absorbed and be fixed in the residue by at least a additive like sulphur, phosphorus.Therefore, have only very small amount of harmful element to remain in the metal that restores, make that metallic reducing system 48 can output fine product.

6. handiness.Power unit can by: motor, speed reduction unit, shaft coupling are formed, these equipment all have the height adaptability and safety, also very wide to the accommodation of material and working condition.

7. the self-protection of equipment.Under the promotion that advances whisking appliance 4, material is motion intensely in housing 5.Form one deck by generating the resist that product is formed in the be beyond one's reach inner wall area of housing 5 of the blade 63 that advances whisking appliance 4 then.This resist provides to reduction reaction, like the isolated environment of one " oxygen isolated ", and can help to reduce the wearing and tearing and the corrosion of housing 5 inwalls.

8. environmental friendliness.Metallic reducing system 48 can remove sulphur, phosphorus and other harmful elements that produces in the reduction process.

In a word, this time disclosed metallic reducing system 48 can have: advantages such as less investment, production efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, low environment pollution, thereby market outlook are very wide.This metallic reducing system 48 can be used for handling difficulty and select smelting, for example: the ore of ultralow grade and containing metal industrial residue.Metallic reducing system 48 can produce quality products, and can utilize resources synthetically.

The present invention can illustrate through following not binding example.

A metallurgical method example consistent with the present invention

Ferruginous vanadium titano-magnetite is used in this example.Same hard coal, lime carbonate and other additives mixed after ore was dried, and formed mixture.This mixture is ground and is joined in the metallic reducing device to extract metal.After reduction, generate product and be cooled, and, iron is separated from residue through wet grinding and magnetic separation.Dry iron and residue are used to make the finished product then.

(1) preparation

The vanadium titano-magnetite of doing (TFe52.08%), the weight of the water that contains is no more than 5% of gross weight, and anthracitic add-on is 16.9% of vanadium titano-magnetite weight by weight; (mainly contain: add-on lime carbonate) is 2.5% of a vanadium titano-magnetite weight to Wingdale by weight; The add-on of other additives is 14.9% of vanadium titano-magnetite weight by weight.This mixture uses a ball mill to be milled to the fine particle of particle size less than about 0.074mm.

(2) reduction reaction

Reduction reaction is in TR: 1000 ℃ to 1050 ℃, and recovery time scope: carry out under 60 minutes to 150 minutes the condition.Generate product and cool off, to reclaim heat energy and to utilize again by an interchanger.

(3) magnetic separation

Refrigerative generates product to be mixed by about 7: 3 weight ratios with water, uses a ball mill to grind and clean then.Tie Tong crosses and uses a wet magnetic separation from residue, to be separated.The iron grade that obtains is about 92%, and iron recovery is about 85%.

Though the present invention describes with the embodiment that is considered to have most practicality, should be noted that: the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments; For those skilled in the art, do not breaking away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can also make some improvement and retouching, these improvement and retouching also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. one kind is used for it is characterized in that: comprising from the metallic reducing device of at least a at least a metal of containing metal material extraction:

One is designed to hold the reactor shell of the mixture that contains at least a metalliferous material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive;

One comprises heating unit that connects with the reactor enclosure body heat of at least one and the heating unit that controllably is connected in the temperature conditioning unit on the heating unit of at least one; With

One is arranged in the propelling whisking appliance of this reactor shell;

This propelling whisking appliance comprises the axle of plural number, and the axle of each plural number all contains at least one blade; And

The thickness of the radially outward edge of this at least one blade changes from the other end of an end to the arc of this blade arc smooth-goingly.

2. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the blade shroud of at least one extends with the arc between 120 ° and 160 ° around at least one turning axle.

3. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: arc centers at least one turning axle extension with 140 ° angle.

4. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the radially inner edge of the blade of at least one is that the radially outer edge according to the blade of at least one twists.

5. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the thickness of the blade of at least one changes along the arc of the blade of at least one.

6. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the surface of the blade of at least one is processed wear-resistantly.

7. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: during the spill that the radially inner edge of the blade of at least one is positioned at least one turning axle connects.

8. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: at least one turning axle is to be supported by at least one bearing, and this at least one bearing is designed to be and can allows at least one turning axle to extend vertically.

9. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: reactor shell is supported by the sliding support of at least one, and this at least one sliding support is designed to be and can allows housing to extend vertically.

10. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: this at least one sliding support comprises: a fixed is connected in the second section that the first part and on the housing connects with first part movably.

11. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: advance whisking appliance comprise a turning axle of at least one and a plural number be designed to be interrupted the blade of arranging along this turning axle of at least one.

12. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: vertically see past tense when the turning axle along at least one, each plural blade is the C type substantially.

13. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that: each plural blade shroud extends with the arc between 120 ° and 160 ° around at least one turning axle.

14. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: arc centers at least one turning axle extension with 140 ° angle.

15. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: the radially inner edge of the blade that each is plural is that the radially outer edge according to each plural blade twists.

16. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that: the thickness of the blade that each is plural changes along the arc of each plural blade.

17. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: each plural blade all has at least one, becomes the end face of angle between 1 ° and 45 ° with plane with the axis normal of at least one turning axle.

18. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that: the angle of each blade at least one turning axle can be identical also can be different.

19. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: the blade of plural number is configured to be parallel to each other.

20. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: the blade of plural number is set on the identical circumferential position along at least one turning axle.

21. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: the blade of plural number is set on the different circumferential positions along at least one turning axle.

22. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: the surface of the blade of plural number is processed wear-resistantly.

23. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the radially inner edge of the blade of at least one is that the radially outer edge according to the blade of at least one twists.

24. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the surface of the blade of at least one is processed wear-resistantly.

25. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the turning axle of plural number is provided with in parallel to each other.

26. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the turning axle of every plural number comprises the blade that is designed to be interrupted along the turning axle of every plural number the plural number of arranging.

27. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: further comprise: the extraction line that the hopper and that connects with the reactor shell upstream portion connects with the reactor shell downstream part.

28. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that: further comprise the pressurization blanking device that connects with hopper.

29. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: heating unit covers the outside surface of reactor shell at least in part.

30. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 29 is characterized in that: heating unit insulation layer at least in part covers.

31. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that: each termination of reactor drum all is provided with elevated-temperature seal.

32. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: at least a containing metal material is selected from ore and industrial residue.

33. metallic reducing device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: at least a containing metal material contains at least a being selected from: iron, the metal of nickel and tin.

34. a metallic reducing system is characterized in that: comprising:

One metallic reducing device comprises:

One is designed to hold the reactor shell of the mixture that contains at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive;

One is installed in the propelling whisking appliance in this reactor shell, and this propelling whisking appliance comprises the axle of plural number, and the axle of each plural number all contains at least one blade; And the thickness of the radially outward edge of this at least one blade changes from the other end of an end to the arc of this blade arc smooth-goingly; With

The HRU that at least one cover connects with the metallic reducing device, it is used for holding the material of discharging from the metallic reducing device of at least one.

35. metallic reducing as claimed in claim 34 system, it is characterized in that: the HRU of at least one cover comprises:

One HRU housing; With

At least one is arranged in the turning axle of HRU housing.

36. metallic reducing as claimed in claim 35 system, it is characterized in that: further comprise the heat exchange sleeve of at least one, it is the outside surface of cover heating retrieving arrangement housing at least in part.

37. metallic reducing as claimed in claim 36 system is characterized in that: contain at least a heat conduction media in the heat exchange sleeve of at least one.

38. metallic reducing as claimed in claim 37 system, it is characterized in that: at least a heat conduction media is selected from: thermal oil, water and gas.

39. metallic reducing as claimed in claim 34 system, it is characterized in that: at least a containing metal material is selected from ore and industrial residue.

40. metallic reducing as claimed in claim 34 system is characterized in that: the metal of at least a chosen from Fe, nickel and tin that at least a containing metal material contains.

41. one is used for extracting from least a containing metal material the metallurgical system of at least a metal, it is characterized in that: comprising:

One material preparation system, this system is designed to prepare the mixture that contains at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive;

A kind of metallic reducing device that is positioned at material preparation system downstream, this device are designed at least a containing metal material is reduced into the generation product that contains at least a zero-valent metal and residue, and this metallic reducing device comprises:

One heating unit, and

One advances whisking appliance, and this propelling whisking appliance comprises the axle of plural number, and the axle of each plural number all contains at least one blade; And the thickness of the radially outward edge of this at least one blade changes from the other end of an end to the arc of this blade arc smooth-goingly; With

A tripping device that is positioned at metallic reducing device downstream, this tripping device are used at least a zero-valent metal is separated with residue.

42. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 41 is characterized in that: the material preparation system comprises at least a with lower device:

One is used for the disintegrating apparatus that at least a containing metal material is broken;

One is used to grind the grinding plant of the mixture that contains at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive; Or

One is used for the drying plant that drying contains the mixture of at least a containing metal material, at least a reductive agent and at least a additive.

43. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 42 is characterized in that: grinding plant comprises a ball mill.

44. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 41 is characterized in that: separating device comprises at least a magnetic separator, gravity concentrator, electrostatic separation machine and flotation machine.

45. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 41 is characterized in that: comprise that further one is positioned at the metal finished product system in tripping device downstream, this metal finished product system comprises:

One is used to handle the treatment system of at least a zero-valent metal; With

One is used for the formation system of shaped metal articles.

46. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 45 is characterized in that: treatment system comprises: design is used for the device of at least a zero-valent metal passivation.

47. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that: formation system comprises: design is used for the chilling press of the mixture briquetting that contains at least a zero-valent metal and at least a sticker.

48. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 46 is characterized in that: treatment system comprises: a design is used for from least a zero-valent metal, sloughing the dehydration equipment of moisture.

49. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 41 is characterized in that: comprise that further a residue utilizes system, this system comprises that one is used for the grinding plant that residue grinds.

50. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 45 is characterized in that: grinding plant comprises: a ball mill or a hypergravity grinding machine.

51. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 45 is characterized in that: residue utilizes system to comprise: a design is used for from residue, sloughing the dehydration equipment of moisture.

52. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 41 is characterized in that: further comprise an additive recovery system.

53. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 41 is characterized in that: further comprise a HRU,

It is positioned at the downstream of metallic reducing device, and

HRU is to be designed to hold the material of from metallic reducing equipment, discharging and from these discharge materials, to reclaim heat.

54. metallurgical system as claimed in claim 53 is characterized in that: HRU comprises:

One HRU housing

One is arranged in the turning axle of HRU housing;

One feed-pipe that connects with HRU housing upstream portion;

One extraction line that connects with HRU housing downstream part; With

The heat exchange sleeve of at least one, it is cover heating retrieving arrangement housing outer surface at least in part.