Intelligent three-phase electricity-saving protection controller
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electricity-saving protection apparatus field, especially a kind of intelligent three-phase electricity-saving protection controller.
Background technology
All exist electric power rubbish and superfluous energy consumption problem in the existing using electricity system, not only caused the waste of power resource, even can cause the damage of power consumption equipment.Electric power rubbish in the using electricity system mainly comprises transition, surge, harmonic wave etc., and these electric power rubbish will make the power consumption efficiency of using electricity system seriously descend, and power consumption equipment is produced serious impact damage; Superfluous energy consumption mainly embodies the rated voltage that supply power voltage in the using electricity system is higher than power consumption equipment, causes waste of power resources on the one hand, on the other hand power consumption equipment is produced harmful effect, reduces the useful life of equipment.Therefore, be that superfluous energy consumption or electric power rubbish all are unwanted electric energy in the using electricity system to be converted to heat energy, mechanical energy or other forms of energy be wasted.
For fear of the problems referred to above, in a using electricity system or power consumption equipment, be necessary to install electricity-saving protector, its objective is: 1. remove electric power rubbish such as transition, surge, harmonic wave, improve the power factor economize on electricity; 2. regulate the purpose of superfluous energy consumption realization economize on electricity.At present, the economize on electricity product on the market, China and foreign countries is broadly divided into five major types by electrical principles, i.e. system type, filtering compensation type, voltage-regulation type, frequency converter and electromagnetic type.All types of major functions is as follows, system type: suppress the transition surge, improve terminal power factor; Filtering compensation type: filtering or compensation harmonic and compensating reactive power; Voltage-regulation type: reduce using electricity system or power consumption equipment and surpass the above superfluous energy consumption of rated voltage; Electromagnetic type: balance three-phase using electricity system, reduce zero-sequence current.All types of electricity-saving appliances all has its functional characteristic separately, also has limitation separately simultaneously, if the best electricity-saving protection effect of only using the electricity-saving appliance of any type to want to reach a using electricity system or power consumption equipment is not in the cards; If polytype electricity-saving appliance is used on a using electricity system or the power consumption equipment simultaneously, cause user's cost of investment higher again, increased the cost of user aspect energy-conservation, economize on electricity.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of simple in structure, electric power rubbish effect of integrated pest management is good and be applicable to the intelligent three-phase electricity-saving protection controller of multiple voltage grade using electricity system and power consumption equipment.
The present invention solves its technical problem and takes following technical scheme to realize:
A kind of intelligent three-phase electricity-saving protection controller, comprise three-phase firewire, zero line and ground wire input terminal, it is characterized in that: three-phase firewire, ground wire input terminal connect the input of transition surge restraining unit, the output of transition surge restraining unit, zero line input terminal connect the input of pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit, the output of pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit connects the input of harmonic compensation unit, and the output of harmonic compensation unit connects load;
Every phase firewire between transition surge restraining unit output and pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit all connects two contactors that are connected in parallel on the zero line by a change over switch, and the annexation of these two contactors and live wire and zero line is:
First normally opened contact of (1) contactor is connected on the live wire between harmonic compensation unit and the load, is connected on after the second normally opened contact parallel connection of the contactor that second normally opened contact is corresponding with the change over switch that other two phase firewires connect on the zero line between harmonic compensation unit and the load again;
(2) first normally opened contact of another contactor is connected in parallel on the zero line of pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit input and load input terminal, and second normally opened contact is connected in parallel on the live wire of pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit input and load input terminal.
And, on the live wire between three-phase firewire input terminal and the transition surge restraining unit input, also be connected with and detect and display unit.
And, described detection and display unit are made up of the current transformer, A/D converting unit, microprocessor unit and the display unit that are connected on every phase firewire, the output of each current transformer all connects the input of A/D converting unit, the output of A/D converting unit connects the input of microprocessor unit, and the output of microprocessor unit connects display unit.
And described A/D converting unit is connected and composed by three groups of sampling resistors and operational amplifier, and what described sampling resistor adopted is 1206 precision resistances, and what described operational amplifier adopted is the AD8604 chip.
And described transition surge restraining unit is piezo-resistance or transition surge suppression device.
And described filtering compensation unit is a kind of in the filter of the active filter of passive filter, the low-pass filtering of active filter, the low-pass filtering of passive filter, the bandpass filtering of bandpass filtering, active and passive combination.
And, described pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit is by 3-phase autotransformer, voltage transformer, the A/D converting unit, microprocessor unit and servomotor are formed, the input of 3-phase autotransformer connects three-phase firewire and zero line, a winding that connects three voltage transformers on the live wire that the output of 3-phase autotransformer connects respectively, the secondary winding of each voltage transformer connects the input of A/D converting unit, the output of A/D converting unit connects the input of microprocessor unit, and the output of microprocessor unit connects the servomotor of control 3-phase autotransformer brush.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1. the transition surge restraining unit in this controller can use transition surge suppression element or modular control device; can effectively suppress the electric power rubbish such as transition, surge in the electrical network; protection equipment is not subjected to its interference, damage; and can effectively reduce the caused using electricity system energy consumption increase of these electric power rubbish, improve the efficient of whole using electricity system.
2. the employing of the pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit in this controller is the electromagnetic balance regulation technology of core with autotransformer and microprocessor, when adjusting voltage, three-phase output voltage, electric current are tended to balance and stablize, and the quality of power supply and the superfluous power consumption of load is optimized processing.
3. the harmonic compensation unit in this controller can be a kind of in the filter of the active filter of passive filter, the low-pass filtering of active filter, the low-pass filtering of passive filter, the bandpass filtering of bandpass filtering, active and passive combination, use behind this harmonic wave and the reactive power compensation unit can well harmonic carcellation to the harm of equipment, improved power factor.
4. detection in this controller and display unit adopt current transformer in real time the electric current on the live wire to be sampled, then this current signal being delivered to microprocessor unit handles, show by LED or LCD then, and microprocessor unit can also carry out communication to realize good man-machine interaction with upper PC.
5. also be provided with change over switch in this controller, this change over switch connects to realize the switching of different circuit with different contactor, make the use of this controller more flexible after this change over switch and contactor are set, its working method is various, the user's that is more convenient for use.
6. adopt transition surge restraining unit, pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit and harmonic wave compensating unit that transition, surge, harmonic wave, idle and superfluous energy consumption are carried out the comprehensive regulation in this controller, make each unit have complementary advantages, superpose and economize on electricity, the power saving rate of active power that can make using electricity system or power consumption equipment is up to 10~50%, the power saving rate of reactive power is more than 10%, the power saving rate of apparent power is more than 15%, terminal power factor improves more than 10%, and the clearance rate of electric power rubbish (comprising harmonic wave, transition, surge) is more than 80%.
7. the present invention rolls into one the advantage of system type, filtering compensation type, voltage-regulation type, electromagnetic type electricity-saving protector; its effect of integrated pest management is good; reduced the economize on electricity cost; Installation and Debugging that many energy-saving devices are carried out, the loss of having saved human and material resources, financial resources and time in installation process, needing have been avoided simultaneously.It is little of family, office that the present invention can be widely used in, and arrives the using electricity system of factories and miness, enterprise, institutional settings and little of computer, TV greatly, greatly to the power consumption equipment of last megawatt, and is applicable to the using electricity system and the power consumption equipment of multiple voltage grade.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit block diagram of detection and display unit;
Fig. 3 is the circuit block diagram of pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is illustrative; rather than it is determinate; therefore the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described in the embodiment, and every other execution modes that drawn by those skilled in the art's technical scheme according to the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the invention equally.
A kind of intelligent three-phase electricity-saving protection controller; shown in Fig. 1~3; comprise three-phase firewire A, B and C, zero line N and ground wire E input terminal; three-phase firewire A, B are connected the input of transition surge restraining unit with C, ground wire E input terminal; the output of transition surge restraining unit, zero line N input terminal connect the input of pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit; the output of pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit connects the input of harmonic compensation unit, and the output of harmonic compensation unit connects load.
Every phase firewire between transition surge restraining unit output and pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit all connects two contactors that are connected in parallel on the zero line by a change over switch, live wire A goes up and connects change over switch SW1, live wire B goes up and connects change over switch SW2, live wire C goes up and connects change over switch SW3, with the corresponding contactor of change over switch SW1 be KM1 and KM4, with the corresponding contactor of change over switch SW2 be KM2 and KM5, with the corresponding contactor of change over switch SW3 be KM3 and KM6, because the contactor of above-mentioned change over switch correspondence is identical with the connected mode of live wire and zero line, be that example describes with last change over switch SW1 that connects of live wire A and KM1 and the KM4 corresponding below with it.
The annexation of change over switch SW1, contactor KM1 and KM4 and live wire A and zero line N is:
1. the fixed contact of change over switch SW1 connects live wire A, and its moving contact is used to connect contactor KM1 and KM4.
2. the first normally opened contact KM11 of contactor KM1 is connected on the live wire A between harmonic compensation unit and the load, is connected on after the contactor KM2 that change over switch SW2 that the second normally opened contact KM12 and live wire B and live wire C connect and SW3 are corresponding and the second normally opened contact KM22 of KM3 and the KM32 parallel connection on the zero line N between harmonic compensation unit and the load again;
3. the first normally opened contact KM41 of contactor KM4 is connected in parallel on the zero line N of pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit input and load input terminal, and the second normally opened contact KM42 is connected in parallel on the live wire A of pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit input and load input terminal.
Hence one can see that, when the moving contact of change over switch SW1, SW2 and SW3 contacts with contactor KM1, KM2 and KM3 respectively, pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit and harmonic wave compensating unit come into operation, when the moving contact of change over switch SW1, SW2 and SW3 contacts with contactor KM4, KM5 and KM6 respectively, do not use pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit and harmonic wave compensating unit.
In order better operational factor, operating state to be monitored, on the live wire between three-phase firewire input terminal and the transition surge restraining unit input, also to be connected with and to detect and display unit.This detection and display unit are as shown in Figure 2, form by the current transformer, A/D converting unit, microprocessor unit and the display unit that are connected on every phase firewire, the output of each current transformer all connects the input of A/D converting unit, the output of A/D converting unit connects the input of microprocessor unit, and the output of microprocessor unit connects display unit.Wherein, the A/D converting unit is connected and composed by three groups of sampling resistors and operational amplifier, and what sampling resistor adopted is 1206 precision resistances, and what operational amplifier adopted is the AD8604 chip.
The transition surge restraining unit is piezo-resistance or transition surge suppression device, this unit is connected between three-phase firewire A, B and C and the ground wire E, this transition surge restraining unit can use piezo-resistance, also can use P6KE260A or 1.5K260A or 5KP surge suppression device, the transition surge is suppressed, that in the present embodiment, the transition surge restraining unit uses is piezo-resistance (RV)
Pressure regulation three-phase equilibrium unit as shown in Figure 3, by 3-phase autotransformer, voltage transformer, the A/D converting unit, microprocessor unit and servomotor are formed, the input of 3-phase autotransformer connects three-phase firewire and zero line, a winding that connects three voltage transformers on the live wire that the output of 3-phase autotransformer connects respectively, the secondary winding of each voltage transformer connects the input of A/D converting unit, the output of A/D converting unit connects the input of microprocessor unit, and the output of microprocessor unit connects the servomotor of control 3-phase autotransformer brush.The output voltage of 3-phase autotransformer and given voltage obtain a deviation voltage value after relatively, computing by microprocessor unit is regulated, the servomotor of microprocessor unit output one control voltage and drive 3-phase autotransformer brush, the output voltage that makes 3-phase autotransformer is finished pressure regulation and three-phase equilibrium near set-point.
The filtering compensation unit is a kind of in the filter of the active filter of passive filter, the low-pass filtering of active filter, the low-pass filtering of passive filter, the bandpass filtering of bandpass filtering, active and passive combination.What use in the present embodiment is to be core by DSP, the three-phase voltage type active filter that uses pwm pulse signal to control.Above-mentioned various types of filter is prior art, at this it is formed to reach and does not do detailed description with being connected of circuit.
Technical parameter of the present invention such as table 1:
Maximum surge current bearing capacity (8/20 μ S current waveform) |
Every phase 80KA |
Response speed |
Up to 10
-12More than second
|
The pulse bearing capacity |
The pulse of 2000 8/20 μ S C classes does not hinder |
The harmonic compensation number of times |
41 times and following each high order harmonic component |
The harmonic compensation rate |
>85% (load aberration rate 〉=20%)>70% (load aberration rate<20%) |
The dynamic compensation response time |
100ms |
Compensation ability |
Full remuneration within place capacity; When exceeding the equipment replacement capacity, compensate with the maximum fan-out capability of equipment |
Defencive function |
Overvoltage, under-voltage, overcurrent, overheated, phase shortage, misphase |
Efficient |
>95% |
Operation shows |
LED or LCD display have numeral, menu and graphical display function, make things convenient for operation, monitoring, the maintenance of system |
Operating ambient temperature |
-10℃-+40℃ |
Relative humidity |
<90%(25℃) |
Table 1:
Intelligent three-phase electricity-saving protection controllerTechnical parameter