A kind of low-voltage reactive power automatic compensation device
Technical field
The utility model relates to the energy saver of low voltage electric network, specifically a kind of low-voltage reactive power automatic compensation device.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of national economy and the raising of living standards of the people, society is growing to the demand of electric power, and the reliability to power supply and power supply quality propose higher requirement.Due to the continuous increase of load, the requirement of electric network reactive-load is also increased thereupon, reactive power is as active power, to guarantee electric power quality, quality of voltage, and reducing network loss and the indispensable part of safe operation, the problem that solves reactive power compensation has extremely important meaning to wastage reducing and energy saving.There is three-phase imbalance phenomenon in conventional low reactive power compensator, as adopts single same throwing with the A.C. contactor formula device of cutting, as long as there is a phase load to reach operation condition, contactor is action just, will inevitably cause the frequent switching of contactor; Moreover it is large to shove in switching process, switching overvoltage is high, and probe of contactor is easy to seriously burn, and has affected the useful life of capacitor and the security reliability of device.
Conventional low autocompensation installation also has the following disadvantages: the problem that ubiquity putting equipment in service rate is low, fault is many, compensation effect is bad, reason is as follows: (1) capacitor distributes differential large, moves uneconomical.Such as 200kVA platform district is generally by total capacity 60kvar design, point 3 grades of 20kvar, the differential 20kvar that reaches, causes the idle breach below 20kvar cannot input compensation.According to GB " GB/T13462 economic operation of power transformer " criterion calculation, every annual meeting causes the loss of approximately 16000 degree electric weight.(2) the fling-cut switch fault of capacitor is many.Have for the switch of capacitor switching following several, a, contactor: this is a kind of traditional capacitor diverter switch that has contact, and switching process is shoved, electric arc, and frequent switching easily causes pitting of contact, adhesion; When connection, operating coil needs long-term energising, lossy; After contamination by dust, can cause the faults such as poor contact of contacts, noise are large, coil burnout; B, controllable silicon: its shortcoming is heating, and loss is large, need to install blower fan, radiator additional, and not only volume is large, cost is high, poor reliability, and self energy consumption is also high, and energy-saving effect is poor; C, combination switch: reliably better, but volume is large, price is high.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is to overcome low-voltage reactive compensator capable of the prior art to have three-phase imbalance phenomenon, and the problem that putting equipment in service rate is low, fault is many, compensation effect is poor, and a kind of low-voltage reactive power automatic compensation device is provided.
The utility model for addressing the above problem adopted technical scheme is: a kind of low-voltage reactive power automatic compensation device, comprise the low-voltage bus bar of three-phase four-wire system, compensating controller, switch and capacitor, the circuit of low-voltage bus bar is provided with general protection switch, and be respectively used to three-phase current to circuit and three-phase voltage and carry out current measurement signal collector and the three-phase low-voltage signal picker of real time sample, the output of current measurement signal collector and three-phase low-voltage signal picker is connected with compensating controller, described capacitor comprises that the low voltage three-phase capacitor group of many groups wiring triangular in shape and many groups are the single-phase electricity container group of star-star connection, every group of low voltage three-phase capacitor group is all connected to three phase lines of low-voltage bus bar by corresponding miniature circuit breaker and composite switching switch, three capacitors in every group of single-phase electricity container group are all connected with the corresponding phase line of synchronous fling-cut switch and low-voltage bus bar by circuit breaker independently, described compensating controller is also connected with the dual-mode wireless communication module for transtation mission circuit status signal and reception control signal, and the control signal output of compensating controller is connected with composite switching switch and synchronous fling-cut switch.
Described compensating controller is by the break-make of RS485 total line traffic control composite switching switch and synchronous fling-cut switch.
On described compensating controller, be also provided with wire communication interface.
On the circuit of described low-voltage bus bar, be also provided with lightning arrester, the utility model adopts the zinc oxide arrester with air gap, avoids producing leakage current, has increased useful life; Bus is carried out to overvoltage protection.
Because electric power system detection and control terminal is mostly installed in wild environment, place is remote, equipment must be worked steadily in the long term under special environment, the dual-mode wireless communication module that compensating controller connects can be realized the compensating controller of distribution various places is monitored, also can realize mobile monitor, have that certainty of measurement is high, the feature such as the high and cost of perfect in shape and function, networking flexibility, reliability is low, and, also there is automatic recovery ability to communicate, the work of assurance system stability, without human intervention, make terminal equipment can adapt to severe operational environment.
In the utility model, three-phase low-voltage signal picker and current measurement signal collector gather respectively three-phase voltage, the current signal of circuit low-pressure end, obtain the load parameter values such as three-phase voltage, electric current, frequency and power factor, and showing that by low-voltage reactive power automatic compensation device the setting of operator determines whether carrying out power back-off according to user, the switching control sampling physical quantity of compensation is reactive power or reactive current.The three-phase total compensation that need to set according to user and phase splitting compensation way, device is first carried out the three-phase total compensation that drops into many group three-phase condenser banks, then carries out according to the uneven situation of each phase reactive power the phase splitting compensation that drops into many group single-phase electricity container groups.This device is sent to supervisory computer processing by RS232 communication modes by data.
In the utility model, compensating controller can be to the three-phase voltage of circuit, three-phase current real time sample, through line number according to one's analysis after, by different modes realize to composite switching switch and synchronous fling-cut switch through row closed/cut off control and the protection of capacitive load; Composite switching switch and synchronous fling-cut switch make loop between circuit and low voltage three-phase capacitor group and single-phase electricity container group conducting, close; Multistage single-phase electricity container group realizes in three-phase idle compensation, single-phase idle compensation simultaneously; Miniature circuit breaker is realized overcurrent, the fast tripping protection to low voltage three-phase capacitor group and single-phase electricity container group.
Beneficial effect: (1), this device in use, the preferential low voltage three-phase capacitor group of compensation altogether that drops into of system, then drop into a point single-phase electricity container group for compensation, if when value that system requirements are idle is still short of and shortcoming value is less than single low voltage three-phase capacitor value, continue to drop into single-phase electricity container group, if when the single-phase electricity container group capacitance sum dropping into is single low voltage three-phase capacitor capacitance integral multiple, excise the single-phase electricity container group of corresponding input, drop into again a three-phase capacitor, if with wherein several the reaching after predetermined service time in the capacitor group of equal-specification, can replace by fling-cut switch switching cycle.
(2) adopt three-phase total compensation to repay with coding and the circulation of single-phase point of compensation of many groups low capacity and mix switching pattern, according to load or burden without work and power factor automatic switching capacitor group, can realize in the load peak valley phase and follow the tracks of fast reactive power compensation demand, reach idle coarse adjustment and finely tune the object without differential compensation substantially, also can make reactive power obtain gapless Continuous Compensation, energy-saving effect is better, when guaranteeing compensation effect, also can extend its useful life.
(3), this device is safe and reliable to operation, core parts composite switching switch and the synchronous fling-cut switch of this device all possess operating passing zero function, stability is higher; In addition, the self-operating electric current of single-phase electricity container group is low to moderate 1.44A, and failure rate is less.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is electrical control block diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is elementary diagram of the present utility model;
Fig. 3 is device for carrying out said figure of the present utility model;
Fig. 4 is the rearview of Fig. 3.
Reference numeral: 1, low-voltage bus bar, 2, general protection switch, 3, composite switching switch; 4, low voltage three-phase capacitor group, 5, synchronous fling-cut switch, 6, single-phase electricity container group; 7, current measurement signal collector; 8, three-phase low-voltage signal picker, 9, miniature circuit breaker, 10, compensating controller; 11, wire communication interface; 12, dual-mode wireless communication module, 13, RS485 bus, 14, lightning arrester.
Embodiment
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of low-voltage reactive power automatic compensation device, comprise the low-voltage bus bar 1 of three-phase four-wire system, compensating controller 10, switch and capacitor, the circuit of low-voltage bus bar 1 is provided with general protection switch 2 and lightning arrester 14, and be respectively used to three-phase current to circuit and three-phase voltage and carry out current measurement signal collector 7 and the three-phase low-voltage signal picker 8 of real time sample, the output of current measurement signal collector 7 and three-phase low-voltage signal picker 8 is connected with compensating controller 10, described capacitor comprises that the low voltage three-phase capacitor group 4 of many groups wiring triangular in shape and many groups are the single-phase electricity container group 6 of star-star connection, every group of low voltage three-phase capacitor group 4 is all connected to three phase lines of low-voltage bus bar 1 by corresponding miniature circuit breaker 9 and composite switching switch 3, three capacitors in every group of single-phase electricity container group 6 are all connected with the corresponding phase line of low-voltage bus bar 1 with synchronous fling-cut switch 5 by circuit breaker independently, described compensating controller 10 is also connected with the dual-mode wireless communication module 12 for transtation mission circuit status signal and reception control signal, the control signal output of compensating controller 10 is connected with composite switching switch 3 and synchronous fling-cut switch 5, described compensating controller 10 is controlled the break-make of composite switching switch 3 and synchronous fling-cut switch 5 by RS485 bus 13, be also provided with wire communication interface 11 on compensating controller 10.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, be device for carrying out said figure of the present utility model.
This device drops into step by step three-phase total compensation according to priority and repays after capacitor group, then drops into single only principle of single-phase point of compensation condenser group and carry out; It is also little that value as idle in system requirements is repaid capacitor than single three-phase total compensation, first drops into step by step single-phase point of compensation condenser group; As drop into one or more groups three-phase total compensation and repay after capacitor, system requirements are idle, and value is still short of, and shortcoming value is less than single three-phase total compensation and repays capacitor value, continue and drop into step by step single-phase point of compensation condenser group, if the single-phase point of compensation condenser group capacitance sum dropping into is step by step that single three-phase total compensation is while repaying capacitor capacitance integral multiple, excise single-phase point of compensation condenser group of corresponding input, then drop into a three-phase total compensation and repay capacitor; When longer as service time of a few in the capacitor group of equal-specification, replacement capable of circulation.
Compensating controller 10 of the present utility model to the control principle of composite switching switch 3 and synchronous fling-cut switch 5 is:
1, low voltage three-phase capacitor group 4 and the fashionable need of single-phase electricity container group 6 automatic switching all meet the following conditions, (1) U
l≤ U≤U
h; (2) cos φ < cos φ thresholding (hysteresis); (3) Q≤Q
e; (4) time of delay t>=T
d1; (5) D < D
d.
2, when low voltage three-phase capacitor group 4 and single-phase electricity container group 6 are excised automatically, need all meet the following conditions, (1) U
l≤ U≤U
h; (2) cos φ >-1; (3) Q
e>=Q
f; (4) time of delay t>=T
d1; (5) U>=U
h0or U≤U
l0.
Wherein, U represents line voltage distribution, U
lrepresent circuit under-voltage protection definite value, U
l0represent circuit excision lower voltage limit definite value, U
hrepresent circuit overvoltage protection definite value, U
h0represent circuit excision upper voltage limit definite value; D represents capacitor switching number of times, D
drepresent capacitor switching number of times limits value on the same day; Q represents that capacitor arranges throwing capacitance, Q
erepresent that circuit is idle, Q
frepresent that circuit allowed benefit capacity.
The control principle of circulation mixing switching of the present utility model is:
(1) according to above condition, preferentially to drop into step by step 9kvar three-phase total compensation capacitor group be coarse adjustment process to system; Mending as owed, drop into afterwards single-phase point of benefit capacitor group of single 1kvar, is fine tuning process;
(2) to repay capacitor group than single 9kvar three-phase total compensation also little for value as idle in system requirements, first drops into step by step single-phase point of compensation condenser group of single 1kvar, circulation (1) in the time that load or burden without work is large; The rotation that circulates while moving 120h continuously with the capacitor group (comprising 9kvar and 1kvar capacitor) of equal-specification is used.
In the time that reality is used, as system three-phase, to lack 15kvar idle, is specifically assigned as A phase 4kvar, B phase 5kvar, C phase 6kvar; Preferentially drop into 9kvar three-phase total compensation capacitor group (every phase 3kvar × 3 phase=9kvar) according to A, remain idle A phase: 4kvar-3kvar=1kvar, B phase: 5kvar-3kvar=2kvar, C phase 6kvar-3kvar=3kvar.What remain so A phase 1kvar, B phase 2kvar, C phase 3kvar idlely drops at A that 1 1kvar capacitor, B drop into 2 1kvar capacitors mutually, C drops into 3 1kvar capacitors mutually accordingly mutually.Meet idle demand.