CN101605856B - 与热解法二氧化硅共研磨有机颜料 - Google Patents
与热解法二氧化硅共研磨有机颜料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101605856B CN101605856B CN200780047908.6A CN200780047908A CN101605856B CN 101605856 B CN101605856 B CN 101605856B CN 200780047908 A CN200780047908 A CN 200780047908A CN 101605856 B CN101605856 B CN 101605856B
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- pyrogenic silica
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Abstract
制备包含有机颜料与热解法二氧化硅的紧密混合物的颜料组合物,其在掺入聚合体系如塑料或表面涂料,例如油墨和油漆时表现出改进的色彩特性,包括优异的色度、色强度和增强的随角异色性。还提供了用有效着色量的本发明的颜料组合物着色的涂料组合物和塑料制品。本发明的一个具体实施方案涉及可用在汽车涂料中的颜料。
Description
公开了包含有机颜料与热解法二氧化硅的紧密混合物的颜料组合物和制备该颜料组合物的方法。该颜料组合物在掺入聚合体系如塑料或表面涂料,例如油墨和油漆时表现出改进的色彩特性,包括优异的色度、色强度和增强的随角异色性(color flop)。本发明还提供了用有效着色量的包含有机颜料与热解法二氧化硅的紧密混合物的颜料组合物着色的涂料组合物和塑料制品。本发明的一个具体实施方案涉及可用在汽车涂料中的颜料。
与染料不同,有机颜料不溶于它们所掺入的基质中。因此,颜料的色彩性质不仅仅取决于颜料的化学式。颜料颗粒的其它特征,如晶型和尺寸与形状也影响色彩性质。因此,颜料的制备不仅仅涉及化学合成;颜料从反应混合物中分离后的处理对该颜料如何将基质着色具有显著影响。
本领域中公知的是,有机颜料,如喹吖啶酮、DPPs、苝等必须在合成后进一步加工以产生必需的颜料性质,如粒度、粒子形状、多态相、着色强度等。因此,粗制有机颜料经过一个或多个精加工或调节步骤,通常包括粒度降低如湿磨或干磨,也称作碾磨。参见,例如R.B.McKay,″Control of the Application Performance of Classical Organic Pigments″,JOCCA,89 93。
多种形式的颜料研磨,包括湿磨、干磨、高速研磨等是公知的。该程序通常在助剂,如盐或金属氧化物、填料、流变控制剂和其它辅助剂存在下进行。
全文经此引用并入本文的美国专利5,667,580公开了通过在填料(包括氧化铝和二氧化硅填料)存在下研磨、掺合或粉碎较大粒度颜料来制备小粒度有机颜料。
全文经此引用并入本文的美国专利7,122,081公开了通过在水中在水溶性苯乙烯共聚物分散剂、任选消泡剂和/或添加剂存在下研磨粗制颜料来降低有机颜料粒度的方法。
色调和色强度以外的光学性质在着色塑料和涂料中也是重要的。效应颜料,也称作光泽或闪光颜料,公知是产生独特色彩效应的颜料。例如,视角光彩(goniochromatic luster)颜料表现出依赖于角度的颜色变化。也就是说,这些颜料产生“随角变化(flop)效应”,由此色彩特征依赖于视角而变。一般而言,当视角变化造成亮度变化时,该效应被称作“随角亮度变化(lightness flop)”,当变化为色调变化时,该效应被称作“随角异色(color flop)”。
由于它们的独特颜色特征,效应颜料的市场在如化妆品、油墨(例如安全印刷油墨)、塑料和油漆(例如汽车涂料)之类的用途中逐渐增长。
效应颜料主要是云母颜料、光学可变干涉颜料或金属颜料,它们的光学效应基于光在主要片状的、互相平行取向的、金属性或强折射性颜料粒子上的定向反射。这些颜料通常具有反光的薄片形内芯,其被交替的低和高折射层涂布。
有机颜料通常与非有机效应颜料联用以获得特定颜色和光学效应。已知的是,可以制备用在聚合物体系中时表现出明显更大的随角异色性的有机颜料。
全文经此引用并入本文的美国专利No.5,618,343公开了通过掺入用微小量的铜酞菁磺酸改性的小粒度颜料而获得的具有不寻常的随角异色效应的颜料组合物。
全文经此引用并入本文的美国专利申请公开No.2004/0194666公开了用铜酞菁绿色颜料将透明有机颜料表面改性以产生能够制造随角变化效应颜料组合物的颜料。
全文经此引用并入本文的美国专利5,997,627公开了含有小粒度多孔填料和颜料的颜料组合物和它们用于制备表现出强的亮度和随角异色性以及显著的三维效应的效应涂料组合物的用途。
尽管与云母或其它硅酸盐添加剂一起研磨或碾磨有机颜料以产生具有良好色度的颜料是已知的,但已经发现,在受控研磨或碾磨法中使用某些二氧化硅(即热解法二氧化硅)的特定纳米级粒子作为添加剂产生不仅具有优异色度和分散特性还具有极大增强的随角异色性的有机颜料,尤其是在将加工过的颜料掺入聚合物组合物,例如汽车涂料中时。
本发明提供了与作为添加剂的热解法二氧化硅一起共研磨有机颜料以产生包含有机颜料与热解法二氧化硅的紧密混合物的颜料粒子的方法,该颜料粒子在掺入聚合物体系如塑料和涂料中时表现出改进的颜色性质,特别是优异的色度和增强的随角异色性。
提供了制造具有改进的色彩性质的颜料的方法,该方法包括基于热解法二氧化硅/有机颜料混合物的总重量研磨包含1至50重量份热解法二氧化硅粒子和50至99重量份有机颜料的混合物。
例如,该方法包括研磨包含1至35份热解法二氧化硅粒子和65至99份有机颜料,3至30份热解法二氧化硅粒子和70至97份有机颜料或5至25份热解法二氧化硅粒子和75至95份有机颜料的混合物。
在掺入聚合基质如塑料和涂料中时,由本发明的方法产生的颜料在与掺入共研磨前的该有机颜料相比时表现出提高的色度和随角异色性,且在许多情况下在与使用其它已知方法研磨的有机颜料相比时也表现出提高的色度和随角异色性。
本发明中所用的材料可购得并通过本领域中已知的方法制备。
热解法二氧化硅是通过含硅化合物的氧化制成的非常细的,<1μm(微米)的非晶二氧化硅SiO2。例如,热解法二氧化硅通常通过氯硅烷,如四氯化硅在氢/氧火焰中气相水解形成亚微米级熔融二氧化硅球来制造。
这些粒子碰撞并熔结形成长度大约0.1至0.5微米的三维支化的链状聚集体。非常迅速地发生冷却,从而限制粒子生长和确保该热解法二氧化硅是非晶的。这些聚集体又会机械缠结以形成尺寸为0.5至44微米的附聚物。通过热解法制成的热解法二氧化硅的特征在于具有高的空气含量和相应的低堆积密度。通常,热解法二氧化硅具有大约50至大约400平米/克(m2/g)的B.E.T.(Brunauer Emmet Teller determined)表面积和大约10至大约50克/升的堆积密度。热解法二氧化硅通常具有极高纯度,总杂质在许多情况下低于100ppm。
经由该方法直接制成的热解法二氧化硅是亲水的但可以用化学剂,如六甲基二硅烷基胺和二甲基二氯硅烷处理以制造疏水的热解法二氧化硅。一般而言,本领域中已知的使亲水的热解法二氧化硅变疏水的试剂包括烷基或芳基卤代硅烷、硅烷、它们的混合物和硅氧烷。
多种亲水和疏水的热解法二氧化硅可购得且任一种都可用在本发明中。
如上所述,最初形成的极小的热解法二氧化硅粒子已知合并并形成较大聚集体。该聚集体也可以形成更松散结合的附聚物。本发明的热解法二氧化硅具有小于1微米(例如<1微米至0.001微米)的粒度,并在平均粒度小于0.5微米,例如0.1至0.4微米,0.1至0.2微米或更小的情况下实现优异的结果。初级粒度(即形成聚集体的热解法二氧化硅粒子的粒度)小于1微米,通常小于0.5微米。初级粒子可以例如为大约0.001至大约0.5微米;当热解法二氧化硅初级粒子为大约0.005至大约0.1,例如大约0.01至大约0.1微米时实现优异的结果。
例如,当使用平均聚集体尺寸为0.1至0.5微米且初级粒度为0.005至0.1微米的热解法二氧化硅粒子时,获得优异的结果。例如,平均聚集体尺寸为大约0.1至大约0.2微米。
本发明的与热解法二氧化硅一起研磨有机颜料的方法是可用任何有机颜料或颜料粗制品实施的通用方法。
通常,在本方法中研磨的有机颜料具有0.005至10微米,通常0.01至5微米的平均粒度。基于这些平均粒度范围,该有机颜料明显以颜料粗制品或调节过的颜料形式使用。
颜料和颜料粗制品的合适类型包括偶氮、甲亚胺、次甲基、蒽醌、酞菁、紫环酮、苝、二酮吡咯并吡咯、硫靛蓝、亚氨基异吲哚啉、亚氨基异吲哚啉酮、喹吖啶酮、黄烷士酮、阴丹酮、蒽素嘧啶和喹酞酮颜料;二酮吡咯并吡咯、喹吖啶酮、酞菁、阴丹酮或亚氨基异吲哚啉酮颜料是优选的。
本发明的颜料可以包含一种或多种类型的颜料。其也可以是包含两种或多种颜料或颜料类型的固溶体。
本发明中可用的著名颜料可见于The Colour index,包括喹吖啶酮颜料,如C.I.颜料红202、C.I.颜料紫19和C.I.颜料红122;苝颜料,例如C.I.颜料红179;偶氮缩合颜料,例如C.I.颜料红170、C.I.颜料红144和C.I.颜料棕23;异吲哚啉酮颜料,例如,C.I.颜料橙61、C.I.颜料黄109和C.I.颜料黄110;二酮吡咯并吡咯颜料,例如,C.I.颜料红254、C.I.颜料红255;C.I.颜料红264、C.I.颜料橙71和C.I.颜料橙73;铜酞菁颜料,例如,C.I.颜料蓝15;和蒽醌颜料,例如,C.I.颜料蓝60、C.I.颜料红177和C.I.颜料黄147。
当本方法用于制备或加工小粒度或透明颜料时,实现优异的结果。例如,高度饱和的小粒度颜料优选用于金属化汽车涂料。
通常,小粒度颜料是具有40至100平米/克的比表面积的任何颜料;小粒度颜料通常具有50至90平米/克或60至80平米/克的比表面积。
通常,表面积在上述范围内的颜料由于其缺乏光散射而被称作透明颜料。
本发明的共研磨法,也称作“研磨法”可以是水平或垂直介质研磨、分批或连续的、湿或干的,例如赋予微粒剪切的任何方法。在研磨过程中还可以存在标准研磨组分,如溶剂,包括水和有机溶剂;研磨介质,例如金属球、钉子、陶瓷、无机粒子如盐或其它金属氧化物;分散剂;防沫剂;流变控制剂、聚合物和类似物。
该有机颜料可以在研磨之前以各种已知方法处理,且研磨后的产物也可以依常规(包括后继研磨法)处理。
例如,用2%聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)处理有机颜料,然后与热解法二氧化硅和尺寸适当的研磨介质一起研磨。排出研磨产物并将介质与颜料分离。将该颜料例如分散到油漆中并在两涂层系统中涂施到金属基底上。
本发明还提供了基于热解法二氧化硅/有机颜料紧密混合物的总重量包含1至50重量份热解法二氧化硅粒子和50至99重量份有机颜料的紧密混合物的颜料组合物。
例如,该颜料组合物包含1至35份热解法二氧化硅粒子和65至99份有机颜料,3至30份热解法二氧化硅粒子和70至97份有机颜料或5至25份热解法二氧化硅粒子和75至95份有机颜料。
本发明的颜料组合物与和热解法二氧化硅一起共研磨前的该有机颜料相比在掺入聚合基质如塑料和涂料时表现出提高的色度和随角异色性。在许多情况下,本发明的颜料组合物在与使用其它已知方法研磨的有机颜料相比时也具有更高的色度和随角异色性。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,该颜料组合物包含有机颜料和小于1微米(例如<1微米至0.001微米)的热解法二氧化硅粒子。例如,该颜料组合物所包含的热解法二氧化硅是含有热解法二氧化硅初级粒子聚集体的粒子,其中聚集体的粒度小于1微米,例如聚集体是长度大约0.1至0.5微米的三维支化的链状聚集体,例如聚集体的粒度为大约0.1至大约0.4微米,0.1至0.2微米或更小。
热解法二氧化硅的初级粒度小于1微米,通常小于0.5微米,例如大约0.001至大约0.5微米;当热解法二氧化硅初级粒子为大约0.005至大约0.1,例如大约0.01至大约0.1微米时实现优异的结果。
例如,当使用平均聚集体尺寸为0.1至0.5微米且初级粒度为0.005至0.1微米的热解法二氧化硅粒子时,获得优异的结果。例如,平均聚集体尺寸为大约0.1至大约0.2微米。
该颜料组合物所包含的热解法二氧化硅是亲水或疏水的。
随角变化指数是对旋转通过视角范围时金属色的反射比的变化的衡量标准。0的随角变化指数意味着单色,而极高随角变化的金属或珠光底涂层/清漆涂层颜色可能具有通常高达15-17的随角变化指数。
本文所用的“随角变化指数等级”或“随角变化指数”是指使用下列公式计算出的值:
其中L* 15°是偏移镜面15度反射的可见光的量的测量值(视觉上L* 15°对应于面角的颜色);
L* 45°是偏移镜面45度反射的光的量的测量值(视觉上L* 45°对应于闪光角的颜色);且
L* 110°是偏移镜面110度反射的光的量的测量值(视觉上L* 110°对应于随角变化角度的颜色)。
使用市售仪器,如可获自Xrite Inc.,Grandville,Mich的XRITEMA68-11随角变化指数仪器方便地进行随角变化指数等级测量。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,通过本发明的方法制成的颜料在掺入包含效应颜料(如金属、石墨、珠光或干涉颜料)的商业汽车涂料制剂中时提供9至20,通常10或更大,且通常11或12或更大的随角变化指数等级。
方便地例如在完全不透明的涂层上测量随角变化指数。本颜料与效应颜料(如金属、石墨、珠光或干涉颜料)的重量比优选为1∶99至99∶1。
本发明的颜料组合物的特征部分在于存在热解法二氧化硅。热解法二氧化硅如上所述是由极小的初级粒子构成的特定类型的非晶二氧化硅,这些初级粒子形成同样相当小并具有特定的三维支化的链状结构以及高表面积的聚集体。
本发明的颜料组合物的特征还部分在于是热解法二氧化硅和有机颜料的紧密混合物。本文所用的“紧密混合物”是指彼此直接物理接触的至少两种组分的物理混合物。例如,一种组分可以涂布另一组分,或一种组分可以直接附着到包含另一组分的粒子的外表面上。或者,一种组分的材料可以与另一组分混杂或缠结。
在本颜料组合物中,研磨迫使热解法二氧化硅以足够的力挨着有机颜料以形成作为这些组分的紧密混合物的颜料粒子。所形成的颜料粒子具有嵌入有机颜料中或嵌在有机颜料上的热解法二氧化硅粒子。
本发明的颜料组合物因此以至少这两种方式在物理上不同于美国专利5,667,580的颜料组合物。
美国专利5,667,580公开了含有有机颜料和具有小于10微米的平均粒度和窄粒度分布的透明填料的颜料组合物。美国专利5,667,580的填料可以是无机材料,但聚丙烯或聚酰胺的有机填料是优选的。所述无机填料在一个代表性实施方案中是由被金属氧化物(如TiO2)薄层覆盖的薄片状云母(主要具有10至30微米的粒度)构成的珠光颜料。
在美国专利5,667,580的方法中,不使用热解法二氧化硅,其不是最终颜料组合物的一部分,且该公开没有报道本发明的颜料组合物的颜色优点。
此外,美国专利5,667,580描述了物理混合物,其中填料或研磨添加剂“大多没有被有机颜料涂布”并且不是本文提供的有机颜料与添加剂(即热解法二氧化硅)的紧密混合物。
本发明提供的颜料组合物,在本文中也称作“本发明的颜料”可用于将高分子量材料,特别是天然或合成聚合物着色。本发明因此还提供包含天然或合成聚合物和本发明的颜料(即有机颜料与热解法二氧化硅的紧密混合物)的着色的聚合组合物。
该聚合物组合物也可以任选在其中包含其它添加剂,如抗氧化剂、UV吸收剂、受阻胺或其它光稳定剂、磷酸盐或膦酸盐、苯并呋喃-2-酮、硫代增效剂(thiosynergists)、聚酰胺稳定剂、金属硬脂酸盐、成核剂、填料、增强剂、润滑剂、乳化剂、染料、颜料、分散剂、荧光增白剂、阻燃剂、抗静电剂、发泡剂和类似物,其它加工剂或其混合物。
例如,该天然形成或合成的聚合物可以是热塑性、热固性、交联或固有交联的聚合物,例如聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚酯、聚缩醛、聚砜、聚醚、聚醚酮、纤维素醚、纤维素酯、天然或合成橡胶或卤化乙烯基聚合物(如PVC)、醇酸树脂、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯、不饱和聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、氟化聚合物、含硅聚合物、氨基甲酸酯聚合物及其共聚物,如下列那些。1.单和二烯烃的聚合物,例如聚丙烯、聚异丁烯、聚丁烯-1、聚-4-甲基戊烯-1、聚异戊二烯或聚丁二烯,以及环烯烃(例如环戊烯或降冰片烯)的聚合产物;以及聚乙烯(其可以任选交联),例如高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、高密度高分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-HMW)、高密度超高分子量聚乙烯(HDPE-UHMW)、中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)和线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、(VLDPE)和(ULDPE)。
在上一段中作为例子提到的聚烯烃,即单烯烃的聚合物,尤其是聚乙烯和聚丙烯,可以通过各种方法,尤其通过下列方法制备:
a)通过自由基聚合(通常在高压高温下);
b)借助催化剂,该催化剂通常含有一种或多种第IVb、Vb、VIb或VIII族的金属。这些金属通常具有一个或多个配体,如氧化物、卤化物、醇化物、酯、醚、胺、烷基、链烯基和/或芳基,它们可以是π-或σ-配位的。这类金属络合物可以是自由的或固定到载体上,例如固定到活性氯化镁、氯化钛(III)、氧化铝或二氧化硅上。这类催化剂可溶或不溶于聚合介质。该催化剂可以本身在聚合中是活性的,或可以使用其它活化剂,例如烷基金属、金属氢化物、金属烷基卤化物、金属烷基氧化物或金属烷基氧丙环,该金属是第Ia、IIa和/或IIIa族的元素。该活化剂可以经过改性,例如用其它酯、醚、胺或甲硅烷基醚基团改性。
2.1)中提到的聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯与聚异丁烯、聚丙烯与聚乙烯(例如PP/HDPE、PP/LDPE)的混合物,和不同类型的聚乙烯的混合物(例如LDPE/HDPE)。
3.单-和二-烯烃与彼此或与其它乙烯基单体的共聚物,例如乙烯/丙烯共聚物、线型低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)及其与低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)的混合物、丙烯/丁烯-1共聚物、丙烯/异丁烯共聚物、乙烯/丁烯-1共聚物、乙烯/己烯共聚物、乙烯/甲基戊烯共聚物、乙烯/庚烯共聚物、乙烯/辛烯共聚物、丙烯/丁二烯共聚物、异丁烯/异戊二烯共聚物、乙烯/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物,以及它们与一氧化碳的共聚物,或乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物及其盐(离子交联聚合物)、以及乙烯与丙烯和二烯(如己二烯、二环戊二烯或亚乙基降冰片烯)的三元共聚物;以及这类共聚物与彼此或与1)中提到的聚合物的混合物,例如聚丙烯-乙烯/丙烯共聚物、LDPE-乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、LDPE-乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物、LLDPE-乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、LLDPE-乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物和交替或无规结构化的聚烯-一氧化碳共聚物及其与其它聚合物(例如聚酰胺)的混合物。
4.烃树脂(例如C5-C9),包括其氢化变体(例如增粘剂树脂),以及聚烯与淀粉的混合物。
5.聚苯乙烯、聚(对甲基苯乙烯)、聚(α-甲基苯乙烯),
6.苯乙烯或α-甲基苯乙烯与二烯或丙烯酸衍生物的共聚物,例如苯乙烯/丁二烯、苯乙烯/丙烯腈、苯乙烯/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/丁二烯/丙烯酸烷基酯和甲基丙烯酸烷基酯、苯乙烯/马来酸酐、苯乙烯/丙烯腈/丙烯酸甲酯;由苯乙烯共聚物和其它聚合物,例如聚丙烯酸酯、二烯聚合物或乙烯/丙烯/二烯三元共聚物构成的高冲击强度混合物;以及苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物,例如苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯、苯乙烯/异戊二烯/苯乙烯、苯乙烯/乙烯-丁烯/苯乙烯或苯乙烯/乙烯-丙烯/苯乙烯。
7.苯乙烯或α-甲基苯乙烯的接枝共聚物,例如苯乙烯在聚丁二烯上、苯乙烯在聚丁二烯/苯乙烯或聚丁二烯/丙烯腈共聚物上、苯乙烯和丙烯腈(或甲基丙烯腈)在聚丁二烯上;苯乙烯、丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸甲酯在聚丁二烯上;苯乙烯和马来酸酐在聚丁二烯上;苯乙烯、丙烯腈和马来酸酐或马来酸酰亚胺在聚丁二烯上;苯乙烯和马来酸酰亚胺在聚丁二烯上、苯乙烯和丙烯酸烷基酯或甲基丙烯酸烷基酯在聚丁二烯上、苯乙烯和丙烯腈在乙烯/丙烯/二烯三元共聚物上、苯乙烯和丙烯腈在聚丙烯酸烷基酯或聚甲基丙烯酸烷基酯上、苯乙烯和丙烯腈在丙烯酸酯/丁二烯共聚物上、和它们与6)中提到的共聚物,如被称作例如所谓的ABS、MBS、ASA或AES聚合物的那些的混合物。
8.含卤素的聚合物,例如聚氯丁烯、氯化橡胶、异丁烯/异戊二烯的氯化和溴化共聚物(卤丁基橡胶)、氯化或氯磺酸化聚乙烯、乙烯和氯化乙烯的共聚物、表氯醇均聚物和共聚物,尤其是含卤素的乙烯基化合物的聚合物,例如聚氯乙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯、聚氟乙烯、聚偏二氟乙烯;和其共聚物,如氯乙烯/偏二氯乙烯、氯乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯或偏二氯乙烯/乙酸乙烯酯。
9.衍生自α,β-不饱和酸及其衍生物的聚合物,如聚丙烯酸酯和聚甲基丙烯酸酯,或聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯酰胺和用丙烯酸丁酯抗冲改性的聚丙烯腈。
10.9)中提到的单体与彼此或与其它不饱和单体的共聚物,例如丙烯腈/丁二烯共聚物、丙烯腈/丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、丙烯腈/烷氧基烷基丙烯酸酯共聚物、丙烯腈/乙烯基卤共聚物或丙烯腈/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯/丁二烯三元共聚物。
11.衍生自不饱和醇和胺或它们的酰基衍生物或乙缩醛的聚合物,如聚乙烯醇、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚硬脂酸乙烯酯、聚苯甲酸乙烯酯或聚马来酸乙烯酯、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛、聚邻苯二甲酸烯丙酯、聚烯丙基三聚氰胺;和它们与第1点中提到的烯烃的共聚物。
12.环醚的均聚物和共聚物,如聚烷撑二醇、聚环氧乙烷、聚环氧丙烷或它们与双缩水甘油醚的共聚物。
13.聚缩醛,如聚甲醛,以及含有共聚单体,例如环氧乙烷的那些聚甲醛;用热塑性聚氨酯、丙烯酸酯或MBS改性的聚缩醛。
14.聚苯醚和聚苯硫醚,和它们与苯乙烯聚合物或聚酰胺的混合物。
15.一方面具有末端羟基且另一方面具有脂族或芳族聚异氰酸酯的衍生自聚醚、聚酯和聚丁二烯的聚氨酯,和它们的初始产物。
16.衍生自二胺和二羧酸和/或衍生自氨基羧酸或相应内酰胺的聚酰胺和共聚酰胺,如聚酰胺4、聚酰胺6、聚酰胺6/6、6/10、6/9、6/12、4/6、12/12、聚酰胺11、聚酰胺12、衍生自间二甲苯、二胺和己二酸的芳族聚酰胺;由己二胺和间苯二甲酸和/或对苯二甲酸和任选作为改性剂的弹性体制成的聚酰胺(例如聚-2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基对苯二甲酰胺或聚间亚苯基间苯二甲酰胺)。上述聚酰胺与聚烯烃、烯烃共聚物、离子交联共聚物或化学键合或接枝的弹性体的嵌段共聚物;或与聚醚,例如与聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚丁二醇的嵌段共聚物。以及用EPDM或ABS改性的聚酰胺或共聚酰胺;和在加工过程中缩合的聚酰胺(“RIM聚酰胺体系”)。
17.聚脲、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺酰亚胺、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酯酰亚胺、聚乙内酰脲和聚苯并咪唑。
18.衍生自二羧酸和二醇和/或衍生自羟基羧酸或相应内酯的聚酯,如聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯、聚-1,4-二羟甲基环己烷对苯二甲酸酯、聚羟基苯甲酸酯,以及衍生自带有羟基端基的聚醚的嵌段聚醚酯;以及用聚碳酸酯或MBS改性的聚酯。
19.聚碳酸酯和聚酯碳酸酯。
20.聚砜、聚醚砜和聚醚酮。
21.一方面衍生自醛且另一方面衍生自酚、脲或三聚氰胺的交联聚合物,如酚-甲醛、脲-甲醛和三聚氰胺-甲醛树脂。
22.干性和不干性醇酸树脂。
23.衍生自饱和和不饱和二羧酸与多元醇的共聚酯以及作为交联剂的乙烯基化合物的不饱和聚酯树脂,及其含卤素的难燃变体。
24.衍生自取代丙烯酸酯,例如衍生自丙烯酸环氧酯、氨基甲酸乙酯丙烯酸酯或聚酯丙烯酸酯的可交联丙烯酸树脂。
25.与三聚氰胺树脂、脲树脂、异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯、聚异氰酸酯或环氧树脂交联的醇酸树脂、聚酯树脂和丙烯酸酯树脂。
26.衍生自脂族、脂环族、杂环或芳族缩水甘油基化合物的交联环氧树脂,例如用或不用促进剂的使用常规硬化剂,例如酸酐或胺交联的双酚-A二缩水甘油醚、双酚-F二缩水甘油醚的产物。
27.天然聚合物,如纤维素、天然橡胶、明胶、或它们的聚合物-均匀化学改性的衍生物,如乙酸纤维素、丙酸纤维素和丁酸纤维素,和纤维素醚,如甲基纤维素;以及松香树脂和衍生物。
28.前述聚合物的混合物(共混聚合物),例如PP/EPDM、聚酰胺/EPDM或ABS、PVC/EVA、PVC/ABS、PVC/MBS、PC/ABS、PBTP/ABS、PC/ASA、PC/PBT、PVC/CPE、PVC/丙烯酸酯、POM/热塑性PUR、PC/热塑性PUR、POM/丙烯酸酯、POM/MBS、PPO/HIPS、PPO/PA 6.6和共聚物、PA/HDPE、PA/PP、PA/PPO、PBT/PC/AB S或PB T/PET/PC。
含有本发明的颜料的聚合物组合物可以是已经施加到基底上的涂料。该涂料可以包含任何涂料体系或甚至预成型薄膜,其既粘着到基底上又与所选颜料相容,例如汽车涂料、船用涂料、油漆、油墨、层压件、用于印刷用途的接收层,或其它保护性或装饰性涂料,包括织物处理剂,和用在玻璃用途中的涂料或薄膜。
本发明的涂料组合物可以通过常规方法,例如通过刷涂、喷涂、浇注、拖曳(draw down)、旋涂、浸涂或电泳法施加到任何所需基底上,例如施加到金属、木材、塑料、复合材料、玻璃或陶瓷材料基底上;也参见Ullmann′s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,第5版,第A18卷,第491-500页。
通常,该涂料包含聚合粘合剂,其原则上可以是工业中常规的任何粘合剂,例如Ullmann′s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,第5版,第A18卷,第368-426页,VCH,Weinheim 1991中所述的那些。通常,其是基于热塑性或热固性树脂,主要基于热固性树脂的成膜粘合剂。其实例是醇酸树脂、丙烯酸树脂、丙烯酰胺树脂、聚酯树脂、苯乙烯树脂、酚醛树脂、三聚氰胺树脂、环氧树脂和聚氨酯树脂。
例如,本发明中可用的常见涂料粘合剂的非限制性实例包括含硅聚合物、氟化聚合物、不饱和聚酯、不饱和聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、衍生自取代丙烯酸酯,例如衍生自丙烯酸环氧酯、氨基甲酸乙酯丙烯酸酯、聚酯丙烯酸酯的可交联丙烯酸树脂,乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯醇与乙烯基胺的聚合物。该涂料粘合剂聚合物可以是共聚物、共混聚合物或复合材料。
涂料通常在使用或不使用促进剂的情况下与例如三聚氰胺树脂、脲树脂、异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯、聚异氰酸酯、环氧树脂、酸酐、聚酸和胺交联。
该粘合剂可以是可冷固化或可热固化的粘合剂;固化催化剂的添加可能是有利的。例如在Ullmann′s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,第A18卷,第469页,VCH Verlagsgesellschaft,Weinheim 1991中描述了促进粘合剂固化的合适的催化剂。
该粘合剂可以是在空气中干燥或在室温下硬化的表面涂料树脂。这类粘合剂的实例是硝基纤维素、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚氯乙烯、不饱和聚酯树脂、聚丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂,尤其是醇酸树脂。该粘合剂也可以是不同表面涂料树脂的混合物。如果该粘合剂是可固化粘合剂,它们通常与硬化剂和/或促进剂一起使用。
含特定粘合剂的涂料组合物的实例是:
1.基于可冷或热交联的醇酸树脂、丙烯酸酯树脂、聚酯树脂、环氧树脂或三聚氰胺树脂或这类树脂的混合物的涂料,如果需要,添加固化催化剂;
2.基于含羟基的丙烯酸酯、聚酯或聚醚树脂和脂族或芳族异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯或聚异氰酸酯的双组分聚氨酯涂料;
3.基于在烘焙过程中解开(deblocked)的嵌段异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯或聚异氰酸酯的单组分聚氨酯涂料,如果需要,添加三聚氰胺树脂;
4.基于三烷氧基羰基三嗪交联剂和含羟基的树脂(如丙烯酸酯、聚酯或聚醚树脂)的单组分聚氨酯涂料;
5.基于在氨基甲酸乙酯结构中具有游离氨基的脂族或芳族氨基甲酸乙酯丙烯酸酯或聚氨酯丙烯酸酯和三聚氰胺树脂或聚醚树脂的单组分聚氨酯涂料,如果必要,还含有固化催化剂;
6.基于(聚)酮亚胺和脂族或芳族异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯或聚异氰酸酯的双组分涂料;
7.基于(聚)酮亚胺和不饱和丙烯酸酯树脂或聚乙酰乙酸酯树脂或甲基丙烯酰氨基羟乙酸甲酯的双组分涂料;
8.基于含羧基或氨基的聚丙烯酸酯和聚环氧化物的双组分涂料;
9.基于含酸酐基的丙烯酸酯树脂和基于聚羟基或聚氨基组分的双组分涂料;
10.基于含丙烯酸酯的酸酐和聚环氧化物的双组分涂料;
11.基于含酸酐基的(聚)噁唑啉和丙烯酸酯树脂或不饱和丙烯酸酯树脂或脂族或芳族异氰酸酯、异氰脲酸酯或聚异氰酸酯的双组分涂料;
12.基于不饱和聚丙烯酸酯和聚丙二酸酯的双组分涂料;
13.基于热塑性丙烯酸酯树脂或外部交联的丙烯酸酯树脂以及醚化的三聚氰胺树脂的热塑性聚丙烯酸酯涂料;
14.基于硅氧烷改性或氟改性的丙烯酸酯树脂的油漆体系。
该涂料组合物也可以包含其它组分,例如溶剂、颜料、染料、增塑剂、稳定剂、触变剂、干燥催化剂和/或均化剂。可能的组分的实例是Ullmann′s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,第5版,第A18卷,第429-471页,VCH,Weinheim 1991中所述的那些。
可能的干燥催化剂或固化催化剂是例如,有机金属化合物、胺、含氨基的树脂和/或膦。有机金属化合物的实例是金属羧酸盐,尤其是金属Pb、Mn、Co、Zn、Zr或Cu的羧酸盐,或金属螯合物,尤其是金属Al、Ti或Zr的螯合物,或如有机锡化合物的有机金属化合物。
金属羧酸盐的实例是Pb、Mn或Zn的硬脂酸盐、Co、Zn或Cu的辛酸盐、Mn和Co的环烷酸盐或相应的亚油酸盐、树脂酸盐或妥尔油酸盐(tallates)。
金属螯合物的实例是乙酰丙酮、乙酰乙酸乙酯、水杨醛、水杨醛肟、邻羟基苯乙酮或三氟乙酰乙酸乙酯的铝、钛或锆螯合物,和这些金属的醇盐。
有机锡化合物的实例是氧化二丁基锡、二月桂酸二丁基锡或二辛酸二丁基锡。
胺的实例特别是叔胺,例如三丁胺、三乙醇胺、N-甲基二乙醇胺、N-二甲基乙醇胺、N-乙基吗啉、N-甲基吗啉或二氮杂双环辛烷(三亚乙基二胺)及其盐。另一些实例是季铵盐,例如三甲基苄基氯化铵。
含氨基的树脂同时是粘合剂和固化催化剂。其实例是含氨基的丙烯酸酯共聚物。
所用固化催化剂也可以是膦,例如三苯膦。
该涂料组合物也可以是可辐射固化的涂料组合物。在这种情况下,该粘合剂基本包含含有烯键式不饱和键的单体型或低聚化合物,其在涂施后通过光化辐射固化,即转化成交联的高分子量形式。在该体系紫外固化的情况下,其通常也含有光引发剂。在上述出版物Ullmann′sEncyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry,第5版,第A18卷,第451-453页中描述了相应的体系。在可辐射固化的涂料组合物中,也可以在不添加位阻胺的情况下使用新型稳定剂。
该涂料也可以是可光致聚合的化合物的可辐射固化的无溶剂制剂。示例性实例是丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯的混合物、不饱和聚酯/苯乙烯混合物或其它烯键式不饱和单体或低聚物的混合物。
该涂料组合物可以包含该粘合剂可溶于其中的有机溶剂或溶剂混合物。或者该涂料组合物可以是水溶液或分散体。赋形剂也可以是有机溶剂和水的混合物。该涂料组合物可以是高固含量油漆或可以是无溶剂的(例如粉末涂料)。粉末涂料是例如Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of IndustrialChemistry,第5版,A18,第438-444页中描述的那些。粉末涂料也可以具有粉末-浆料(粉末优选在水中的分散体)形式。
多层体系是可行的,其中本发明的颜料位于随后被另一涂层如保护性涂层涂布的涂层(或基底)中。
当用在涂料中时,将本发明的颜料经由本领域中常见的技术掺入涂料中。
该化合物可以在加工之前的树脂掺合,例如干掺合过程中作为独立组分添加,或该化合物可以在加工之前以在另一物质中或与另一物质一起的掺合物、母料、flush或其它浓缩物形式添加。
该化合物可以在加工步骤中添加。聚合物树脂和涂料制剂的标准工艺步骤是本领域中公知的,并包括挤出、共挤、压塑、Brabender熔体加工、成膜、注射成型、吹塑、其它模塑和片材成型法、纤维成型、表面浸渍、溶解、悬浮、分散以及塑料和涂料技术中已知的其它方法。
当本发明的颜料或染料用在薄膜中时,通过例如使用粘合剂将该薄膜施加到表面上,或共挤到表面上。可以例如由树脂熔体、通过由溶液浇注或通过本领域中已知的另一方法制备薄膜。也可以在热作用下施加预成型膜,包括压延、熔体涂施和收缩包装。
本发明的颜料特别适用于制备工业涂料和汽车工业中常用的那些涂料,尤其是在热固性树脂如丙烯酸/三聚氰胺树脂、醇酸/三聚氰胺树脂或热塑性丙烯酸树脂体系中,以及在水基涂料体系中。本颜料组合物尤其适用于将溶剂型和水型汽车饰面漆着色。
通常,将有效着色量的本发明的颜料组合物掺入要着色的高分子量有机材料中。有效着色量是适合在高分子量有机材料中提供所需颜色的任何量。特别地,该颜料组合物以要着色的高分子量有机材料的重量的大约0.01至大约30重量%的量使用。因此,本发明包括制备着色的高分子量有机材料的方法,其包括将有效着色量的本发明的颜料组合物掺入高分子量有机材料中。
根据本发明方法染色的着色的高分子量有机材料可用于各种用途。例如,该高分子量有机材料可用于制备清漆、油墨和搪瓷涂料组合物。根据本发明制成的着色的高分子量有机材料特别可用于制备汽车涂布漆。
由于该无机和/或聚合有机填料的小粒度,本颜料组合物特别适用于将高分子量有机材料着色,该有机材料是被压延、浇注、模塑或加工成纤维和类似物的塑料。这类着色的塑料在加工过程中基本没有表现出磨损。该颜料组合物赋予染色的塑料制品如聚丙烯或聚酰胺纤维、塑料膜、装瓶板条箱等优异的物理性质。因此,本发明进一步包括如下方法:其中高分子量有机化合物是被压延、浇注、模塑或加工成纤维和塑料制品的塑料,该塑料制品被压延、浇注、模塑或加工成纤维。
另外,本颜料组合物可用作激光标记用的颜料。
本颜料组合物可以单独使用或与其它颜料或染料(包括效应颜料,如金属、石墨、珠光或干涉颜料;例如未涂布云母、铝薄片、多层变色片状颜料和石墨薄片)联用。通过与已知的透明二氧化钛涂布的云母颜料一起使用本颜料组合物,产生鲜明的效应色调。
实施例
下列实施例用于例示本发明而非限制性的;除非另行指明,份数和百分比在本文中和在权利要求书中按重量计。
使用XRITE MA 68仪器测量随角变化指数。在符合HAPS(有害空气污染物)的单涂层或BC/CC(底涂层/清漆涂层)油漆系统中进行油漆评测。
实施例1
将25份MONASTRAL Magenta RT-243-D喹吖啶酮颜料、三份热解法二氧化硅和100份1厘米球形钢介质的混合物在0.2365升(1/2品脱)罐中研磨15分钟。将该罐子排料到1毫米筛子上以将产物与介质分离。将该产物制成油漆基础磨料、放入金属漆中并以5.08微米(0.2密耳)干膜厚度喷涂到金属基底上。所述薄膜的品质使其具有更高色度和合意的深色随角变化。
实施例2
使用市售苝颜料和15分钟研磨时间重复实施例1的程序以制造具有优异色度和合意的深色随角变化的涂膜。
实施例3
如上制备热解法二氧化硅和市售喹吖啶酮品红颜料的本发明的组合物并使用已知材料和程序配制成85/15铝金属溶剂型汽车涂料。也制备含有在无研磨的情况下制成的喹吖啶酮品红颜料和热解法二氧化硅的非紧密混合物的类似涂料制剂作为对照物和商业喹吖啶酮品红制品RT-243。将各制剂喷涂到金属板上,测量随角变化指数和delta C(ΔC)并报道在表中。
喹吖啶酮品红,85/15铝金属溶剂型
颜料样品 随角变化指数 ΔC
本发明 16.0 3.8
对照物 12.8 -1.3
商品 13.0 0.0
实施例4
类似于实施例3,将本发明的喹吖啶酮品红颜料/热解法二氧化硅组合物、对照物和商业制品配制成85/15铝金属水型汽车涂料。将各制剂喷涂到金属板上,测量随角变化指数和delta C并报道在表中。
喹吖啶酮品红,85/15铝金属水型
颜料样品 随角变化指数 ΔC 随角变化指数 ΔC
本发明 9.8 0.6 10.6 -1.7
对照物 9.0 -0.1 9.7 -2.6
商品 9.7 0.0 9.7 0.0
实施例5
如上制备热解法二氧化硅和市售苝颜料的本发明的组合物并使用已知材料和程序配制成70/30铝金属溶剂型汽车涂料。也制备含有在无热解法二氧化硅的情况下研磨的相同苝颜料的类似涂料制剂作为对照物和商业苝制品Irgazin Red 179。将各制剂喷涂到金属板上,测量随角变化指数和delta C并报道在表中。
苝,70/30铝金属溶剂型
颜料样品 随角变化指数 ΔC
本发明 11.7 3.2
对照物 10.6 5.3
商品 11.5 0.0
这些实验结果表明所需效果。该有利的颜色改进还辅以明显更好的随角变化。随角变化是指随视角的变色。
Claims (17)
1.制造颜料的方法,该方法包括基于热解法二氧化硅/有机颜料混合物的总重量研磨包含1至50重量份热解法二氧化硅粒子和50至99重量份有机颜料的混合物,
其中该热解法二氧化硅具有小于1微米的粒度,
且其中有机颜料选自偶氮、甲亚胺、次甲基、蒽醌、酞菁、紫环酮、苝、二酮吡咯并吡咯、硫靛蓝、亚氨基异吲哚啉、亚氨基异吲哚啉酮、喹吖啶酮、黄烷士酮、阴丹酮、蒽素嘧啶和喹酞酮颜料,
且所制造的颜料在掺入商业汽车涂料制剂中时提供10或更高的随角变化指数等级。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述方法包括基于热解法二氧化硅/有机颜料混合物的总重量研磨包含1至35份热解法二氧化硅粒子和65至99份有机颜料的混合物。
3.根据权利要求2的方法,其中所述方法包括基于热解法二氧化硅/有机颜料混合物的总重量研磨包含3至30份热解法二氧化硅粒子和70至97份有机颜料的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1的方法,其中该热解法二氧化硅具有0.1至0.4微米的平均粒度。
5.根据权利要求1的方法,其中该热解法二氧化硅粒子包含尺寸为0.001至0.5微米的热解法二氧化硅初级粒子。
6.根据权利要求5的方法,其中该热解法二氧化硅粒子包含尺寸为0.01至0.1微米的热解法二氧化硅初级粒子。
7.根据权利要求1的方法,其中该热解法二氧化硅粒子具有0.1至0.5微米的平均聚集体尺寸和0.005至0.1微米的初级粒子。
8.根据权利要求7的方法,其中该热解法二氧化硅粒子具有0.1至0.2微米的平均聚集体尺寸。
9.根据权利要求1的方法,其中所述有机颜料选自二酮吡咯并吡咯、喹吖啶酮、酞菁、阴丹酮和亚氨基异吲哚啉酮颜料。
10.根据权利要求1的方法,其中该研磨法是使用水平或垂直介质磨机在分批或连续法中在选自金属球、钉子、陶瓷、无机盐或金属氧化物的研磨介质和任选一种或多种选自水、有机溶剂、分散剂、防沫剂、流变控制剂和聚合物的组分存在下湿磨或干磨热解法二氧化硅和有机颜料。
11.基于热解法二氧化硅和有机颜料的总重量包含1至50重量份热解法二氧化硅粒子和50至99重量份有机颜料的紧密混合物的颜料组合物,其中有机颜料选自偶氮、甲亚胺、次甲基、蒽醌、酞菁、紫环酮、苝、二酮吡咯并吡咯、硫靛蓝、亚氨基异吲哚啉酮、亚氨基异吲哚啉、喹吖啶酮、黄烷士酮、阴丹酮、蒽素嘧啶和喹酞酮颜料,
其中热解法二氧化硅粒子小于1微米,
且所述颜料组合物在掺入商业汽车涂料制剂中时提供9或更高的随角变化指数等级。
12.根据权利要求11的颜料组合物,其中热解法二氧化硅粒子小于0.5微米。
13.根据权利要求12的颜料组合物,其中热解法二氧化硅粒子小于0.1微米。
14.根据权利要求11的颜料组合物,其中热解法二氧化硅粒子包含尺寸为0.001至0.5微米的热解法二氧化硅初级粒子。
15.根据权利要求14的颜料组合物,其中热解法二氧化硅粒子包含尺寸为0.005至0.1微米的热解法二氧化硅初级粒子。
16.一种组合物,其包含颜料组合物,所述颜料组合物基于热解法二氧化硅和有机颜料的总重量包含1至50重量份热解法二氧化硅粒子和50至99重量份有机颜料的紧密混合物,其中有机颜料选自偶氮、甲亚胺、次甲基、蒽醌、酞菁、紫环酮、苝、二酮吡咯并吡咯、硫靛蓝、亚氨基异吲哚啉酮、亚氨基异吲哚啉、喹吖啶酮、黄烷士酮、阴丹酮、蒽素嘧啶和喹酞酮颜料,
其中热解法二氧化硅粒子小于1微米,
且所述组合物包含聚烯烃、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚酯、聚缩醛、聚砜、聚醚、聚醚酮、纤维素醚、纤维素酯、天然橡胶、合成橡胶、卤化乙烯基聚合物醇酸树脂、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯、不饱和聚酰胺、聚酰亚胺、氟化聚合物或含硅聚合物或氨基甲酸酯聚合物。
17.根据权利要求16的组合物,其是表现出9或更高的随角变化指数等级的涂料。
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US87880407P | 2007-01-05 | 2007-01-05 | |
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PCT/EP2007/064022 WO2008080807A1 (en) | 2007-01-05 | 2007-12-17 | Co-milling organic pigments with fumed silica |
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KR (1) | KR101483418B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101605856B (zh) |
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US20100015349A1 (en) * | 2007-07-16 | 2010-01-21 | Larry Weidman | Marine antifoulant coating |
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EP2260081B1 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2014-11-26 | Xerox Corporation | Silica encapsulated organic nanopigments and method of making same |
US20110184096A1 (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2011-07-28 | Sivapackia Ganapathiappan | Coated pigment composition |
WO2012116193A1 (en) * | 2011-02-25 | 2012-08-30 | Carey & Co. | Dry adhesive |
ES2599173T3 (es) * | 2011-03-25 | 2017-01-31 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Composición de revestimiento con base alquídica |
WO2012148898A1 (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-11-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Treated inorganic pigments having improved bulk flow and their use in polymer compositions |
CN102504574A (zh) * | 2011-10-20 | 2012-06-20 | 山西大学 | 一种可降解褪色颜料及其制备方法 |
KR101357236B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-13 | 2014-01-29 | 송종석 | 컬러 폴리이미드 조성물 및 그 제조방법 |
KR101665484B1 (ko) * | 2013-02-21 | 2016-10-12 | 롯데첨단소재(주) | 수지 조성물 및 이를 이용한 성형품 |
CN104263001B (zh) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-04-06 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种高耐候性亲水型有机颜料的制备方法 |
CN104250461B (zh) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-12-07 | 东莞市惠尔明高分子材料科技有限公司 | 一种汽车外用涂料及其制备方法 |
CN105838110B (zh) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-08-25 | 江西金环颜料有限公司 | 一种激光3d打印用高温黑色陶瓷颜料的制备方法 |
US20220202662A1 (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2022-06-30 | Kao Corporation | Particle-containing composition |
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EP2097487B1 (en) | 2013-02-20 |
ES2403031T3 (es) | 2013-05-13 |
KR101483418B1 (ko) | 2015-01-16 |
WO2008080807A1 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
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