CN101604920B - 发生直流电压的供电单元的电路 - Google Patents

发生直流电压的供电单元的电路 Download PDF

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CN101604920B
CN101604920B CN200910146489.2A CN200910146489A CN101604920B CN 101604920 B CN101604920 B CN 101604920B CN 200910146489 A CN200910146489 A CN 200910146489A CN 101604920 B CN101604920 B CN 101604920B
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circuit
voltage
comparator
charging capacitor
power supply
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CN101604920A (zh
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安德烈亚斯·费舍尔
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Siemens AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/1563—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators without using an external clock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/2176—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only comprising a passive stage to generate a rectified sinusoidal voltage and a controlled switching element in series between such stage and the output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0083—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration
    • H02M1/0087—Converters characterised by their input or output configuration adapted for receiving as input a current source

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

根据本发明提出了一种用于发生直流电压的供电单元的电路，该供电单元具有：电流互感器(1)；整流器(2)；由第一阻塞二极管(3)和充电电容器(4)构成的串联电路；与电流互感器(1)并联的电子开关(5)；比较器(6)；用于比较器(6)的基准电压电路(8)；和用于监控充电电容器(4)上的电压的电路(9)。比较器(6)用于：取决于充电电容器(4)上的电压参考由基准电压电路(8)所发生的和施加在比较器(6)上的电压来控制电子开关(5)。设置有在整流器(2)和第一阻塞二极管(3)之间的抽头(10)，用于监控充电电容器(4)上的电压的电路(9)位于该抽头上。电路(9)设计为具有串联的第二阻塞二极管(9d)的RC-组合(9a，9b，9c)。

Description

发生直流电压的供电单元的电路
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于发生直流电压的供电单元的电路，具有：电流互感器；整流器；由第一阻塞二极管和充电电容器构成的串联电路；与电流互感器并联的电子开关；比较器；用于比较器的基准电压电路；和用于监控充电电容器上的电压的电路，其中比较器用于：取决于充电电容器上的电压参考由基准电压电路所发生的和施加在比较器上的电压来控制电子开关。
背景技术
用于供电单元的这种电路属于现有技术并且例如在开关装置中用于为电子的过电流脱扣器供电。此处采用的电流互感器可被视作非理想电源。这意味着：并非在每种情况下都由于饱和效应而生成与初级电流成比例的次级电流。该供电单元用于发生直流电压从而为过电流脱扣器的电子系统供电。在此，经整流器整流的次级电流为充电电容器充电，从而使电压在该充电电容器上上升。该电压由比较器监控，该比较器在达到由基准电压电路所预定的电压值的情况下接通电子开关。该电子开关例如作为MOSFET的电子开关在次级侧短接电流互感器，从而使电压在该充电电容器上不再继续上升。阻塞二极管阻止该电容器通过电子开关放电。如果充电电容器上的电压低于特定的下临界值，则电子开关就由比较器再次断开且充电电容器通过电流互感器的次级电流进行再充电。该再充电过程可以取决于电流互感器中的次级电流持续数个半波。该再充电过程可以同步于初级电流的频率且导致电流互感器的饱和。由此，次级电流的波形被相对于初级电流变形。因为电流互感器经常也应用于电流测量，所以特别是小电流由于变形或者说失真被有误差地测量。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的在于，提出一种用于供电单元的上述类型的电路，其中由于再充电过程所导致的饱和效应被尽可能避免。
该目的由此实现：设置有在整流器和第一阻塞二极管之间的抽头，用于监控充电电容器上的电压的电路位于该抽头上；以及该电路设计为具有串联的第二阻塞二极管的RC-组合。
一个特别有利的实施方式在于：这样来设计该RC-组合，从而使该组合的放电时间远小于电流互感器中的初级电流的周期时间。
附图说明
下面根据附图进一步说明本发明的实施例。图中示出：
图1示出了根据本发明的用于发生直流电压的供电单元的电路，和
图2示出了根据图1的根据本发明的电路的过程曲线。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的用于发生直流电压的供电单元的电路，该电路例如用于操纵电子系统。该供电单元具有电流互感器1，其在初级侧通交流电。电流互感器1中的初级电流被转换为次级电流并被输送给整流器2，在该整流器中以已知的方式进行对次级电流的整流。与整流器2串联地设有：一方面是第一阻塞二极管3和充电电容器4，该充电电容器由经过整流的电流来充电；以及另一方面是接地的负载7。充电可以通过电子开关5来中断，该电子开关并联于电流互感器1并在接通时使其短路。比较器6用于控制电子开关5。此外，设置有用于监控充电电容器4上的电压的电路9，该电路位于整流器2和第一阻塞二极管3之间的抽头10上且与比较器6连接。电路9包括RC组合，该组合具有由两个欧姆电阻9b、9c所构成的串联电路和与该串联电路并联的电容器9a。第二阻塞二极管9d串联于该并联电路。
此外，该供电单元具有基准电压电路8，其同样与比较器6连接且发生用于该比较器的参照电压。当超过充电电容器4上的特定的上充电电压时，电子开关5由比较器6接通并由此使该充电过程中断。RC-组合中的电容器9a通过电阻9b和9c放电，直至达到某个下电压值。然后比较器6再次将电子开关5断开且再次进行充电电容器4的再充电。本发明的显著特征在于：用于电路9的电压抽头(Abgriff)位于整流器2和第一阻塞二极管3之间，并且此外电路9具有RC-组合以及串联的第二阻塞二极管9d。RC-组合中的电容器9a在此用作充电电压的峰值存储器。存储在RC-组合的电容器9a中的峰值电压可以通过确定的放电时间经电阻网络9b和9c放电。第二阻塞二极管9d阻止该电容器通过电子开关5放电。当RC-组合的放电时间这样选定，以致于其远小于电流互感器1中的初级电流的周期时间时，则因此为充电电容器4在每个正弦形半波中多次地再充电用以向后接的电子系统供电。因此明显缩短了再充电时间且电流互感器1中的次级电流的变形或者说失真没有以前强烈，这是因为每半波的再充电循环的数量大约是恒定的，例如每半波长10个循环。电子开关5相应地通过PWM(脉冲宽度调制)信号被定时(getaktet)且充电电容器4因而在每个正弦半波中均匀地再充电，如根据图2的图表中的过程曲线U所示。另外的过程曲线I反映了次级电流。

Claims (2)

1.一种用于发生直流电压的供电单元的电路，具有：电流互感器(1)；整流器(2)；由第一阻塞二极管(3)和充电电容器(4)构成的串联电路；与所述整流器(2)并联的电子开关(5)；比较器(6)；用于所述比较器(6)的基准电压电路(8)；和用于监控所述充电电容器(4)上的电压的电路(9)，其中所述比较器(6)用于：取决于所述充电电容器(4)上的电压参考由所述基准电压电路(8)所发生的和施加在所述比较器(6)上的电压来控制所述电子开关(5)，其特征在于：设置有在所述整流器(2)和所述第一阻塞二极管(3)之间的抽头(10)，用于监控所述充电电容器(4)上的电压的所述电路(9)位于所述抽头上；以及所述电路(9)设计为具有串联的第二阻塞二极管(9d)的RC-组合(9a，9b，9c)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于：所述RC-组合(9a，9b，9c)这样设计，从而使所述RC-组合的放电时间远小于所述电流互感器(1)中的初级电流的周期时间。
CN200910146489.2A 2008-06-10 2009-06-09 发生直流电压的供电单元的电路 Expired - Fee Related CN101604920B (zh)

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DE102011083680B4 (de) 2011-09-29 2022-05-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Leistungsschalter, Schaltungsanordnung sowie Verfahren zum Regeln einer Spannung in einem Leistungsschalter
CN102420537B (zh) * 2011-12-31 2014-02-26 上海诺雅克电气有限公司 断路器电流源供电系统的电流连续型开关调整限压电路
US20130223117A1 (en) * 2012-02-28 2013-08-29 Nishil Thomas Koshy Power supply system
FR2998108B1 (fr) * 2012-11-12 2014-12-19 Accumulateurs Fixes Systeme de pre-charge d'une capacite par une batterie
CN104184345A (zh) * 2013-05-24 2014-12-03 海洋王（东莞）照明科技有限公司 一种转换电路及照明装置
CN103715649B (zh) * 2013-12-20 2017-04-19 华为技术有限公司 一种直流防护电路及网络设备

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US8115456B2 (en) 2012-02-14

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