CN101600893A - 平带扭簧和张紧器 - Google Patents

平带扭簧和张紧器 Download PDF

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CN101600893A
CN101600893A CNA200780049993XA CN200780049993A CN101600893A CN 101600893 A CN101600893 A CN 101600893A CN A200780049993X A CNA200780049993X A CN A200780049993XA CN 200780049993 A CN200780049993 A CN 200780049993A CN 101600893 A CN101600893 A CN 101600893A
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torsion spring
axis
spring
main axis
stretcher
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H·舍费尔
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Gates Corp
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00Springs
    • F16F1/02Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/14Torsion springs consisting of bars or tubes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00Springs
    • F16F1/02Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/04Wound springs
    • F16F1/042Wound springs characterised by the cross-section of the wire
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00Springs
    • F16F1/02Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/04Wound springs
    • F16F1/06Wound springs with turns lying in cylindrical surfaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H7/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H7/10Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley
    • F16H7/12Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H7/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H7/10Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley
    • F16H7/12Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley
    • F16H7/1209Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley with vibration damping means
    • F16H7/1218Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley with vibration damping means of the dry friction type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H7/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H7/10Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley
    • F16H7/12Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley
    • F16H7/1254Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley without vibration damping means
    • F16H7/1281Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains by adjusting the axis of a pulley of an idle pulley without vibration damping means where the axis of the pulley moves along a substantially circular path
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H7/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H2007/0802Actuators for final output members
    • F16H2007/081Torsion springs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H7/00Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members
    • F16H7/08Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains
    • F16H2007/0846Means for varying tension of belts, ropes, or chains comprising a mechanical stopper

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)

Abstract

一种张紧器,其包括:基座(20);枢转臂(30);轴颈连接至枢转臂的滑轮(90);啮合于基座和枢转臂之间的扭簧(10),扭簧偏压枢转臂,扭簧包括具有主轴线(Z-Z)和次轴线(X-X)的横截面形式,主轴线的长度(h)大于次轴线的长度(b),扭簧包括与主轴线基本上平行的平面部分(15、16),并且主轴线定位在从扭簧绕组轴线(Y-Y)基本上径向且法向地延伸的方向上。

Description

平带扭簧和张紧器
技术领域
本发明涉及平带扭簧和张紧器,其中平带扭簧的主轴线从平带扭簧绕组轴线径向且法向地延伸。
背景技术
张紧器用来将预负载施加至皮带驱动系统。预负载确保皮带与驱动滑轮和各种从动滑轮的适当的非滑动结合。
圆形金属丝用于扭簧的使用是公知的。还已知弹簧由平带金属丝制成,该平带金属丝包括具有矩形横截面的直棒,其中平带横截面的主轴线平行于弹簧的绕组轴线。这种平带弹簧对于在与圆形金属丝弹簧相比时的给定扭矩或相等扭矩能力来说需要减少的体积。
现有技术的代表是Gardner的美国专利no.5496221(1996),其公开了一种皮带张紧系统,因而提供了一种皮带张紧器及其制造方法,皮带张紧系统包括枢转地安装至支架的张紧器臂,以及具有相对端部的绕组盘簧,相对端部之一可操作地互相连接至支架的支柱,并且端部的另一个可操作地互相连接至臂,该臂具有用来由绕组盘簧的相对端部之一结合的肩部以便允许,在臂枢转至其中臂的肩部结合弹簧的一端并且将绕组盘簧的一端有效地移出与支架的支柱相接触的某个位置时,臂和作为自包含单元的绕组盘簧从支架移除。
需要一种平带扭簧和张紧器,其中平带弹簧的主轴线从平带扭簧绕组轴线径向且法向地延伸。本发明满足这个需要。
发明内容
本发明的主要方面是提供一种平带扭簧和张紧器,其中平带弹簧的主轴线从平带扭簧绕组轴线径向且法向地延伸。
本发明的其它方面将通过下面对于本发明的描述和附图指出或明白。
本发明包括一种张紧器,其包括:基座(20);枢转臂(30);轴颈连接至枢转臂的滑轮(90);结合于基座和枢转臂之间的扭簧(10),扭簧偏压枢转臂;扭簧包括具有主轴线(Z-Z)和次轴线(X-X)的横截面形式,主轴线的长度(h)大于次轴线的长度(b);扭簧包括与主轴线基本上平行的平面部分(15、16);并且主轴线定位在从扭簧绕组轴线(Y-Y)基本上径向且法向地延伸的方向上。
附图说明
结合入本说明书中并且构成其一部分的附图示出本发明的优选实施例,并且与描述一起用来解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明的弹簧的透视图。
图2是本发明的弹簧在图1的2-2处的横截面视图。
图3是使用本发明的弹簧的张紧器的分解视图。
具体实施方式
图1是本发明的弹簧的透视图。弹簧10是具有多个线圈17的扭簧。每个端部11、12允许弹簧与适合的安装部分相结合。弹簧10的绕组轴线是Y-Y。
图2是本发明的弹簧在图1的2-2处的横截面视图。弹簧10包括布置于基本上平面部分15、16的每侧上的弓形侧面13、14。凸面的弓形侧面13、14在金属丝的生产期间形成,其中圆形金属丝卷成期望的平状形状。主轴线Z-Z相对于绕组轴线Y-Y径向且法向地延伸。主轴线Z-Z具有大于次轴线X-X的长度。平面部分15、16基本上平行于主轴线Z-Z。
弹簧10可包括任何弹性材料,根据使用条件包括弹簧钢或塑料。
支配由圆形金属丝制成的盘簧以及由平带金属丝制成的盘簧的公式除了下面的例外之外都相同。圆形金属丝的金属丝截面惯量在公式Iround中提出。平带金属丝的金属丝截面惯量在公式Iflatband中提出。
I rournd = π · d 4 64
I Flatband = b · h 3 12
其中“d”是金属丝的直径,并且“b”和“h”是图2中所示的尺寸。
与具有相同金属丝截面惯量、相同数目线圈、相同偏转角度和相同金属丝应力的圆形金属丝弹簧相比,平带弹簧的优点在于,平带弹簧的有效最大压缩弹簧高度较小。这允许平带弹簧在相同壳体条件下施加更高的扭矩。在给出期望的扭矩和固定的轴向弹簧壳体高度或外壳的情况下,根据使用平带弹簧的场合,在圆形金属丝弹簧将不再适合于壳体和外壳中的地方能达到期望的扭矩。
下面是抽样计算,目的是解释本发明的弹簧的期望特点。
圆形弹簧计算
T = d 4 · E · α 3667 · D m · n
σ = 32 π · d 3 · T
平带弹簧尺寸:
IRound=IFlatband
π · d 4 64 = b · h 3 12
d = 16 3 · b * h 3 π 4
现在“b”和“h”能被选择以使得“d”在计算扭矩和应力的每种情况下变得相等。尺寸“b”被选择为小于“h”,以便与圆形金属丝弹簧相比实现平带弹簧的包装优点。
弹簧高度或相对于轴线Y-Y的轴向长度。
最大圆形弹簧高度(直径)计算为:
Figure A20078004999300055
并且
I rournd = π · d 4 64
I Flatband = b · h 3 12
遵循
IRound=IFlatband
π · d 4 64 = b · h 3 12
这使得b<h,从而
b<d
HspringFlat<HspringRound
变量和符号:
T            弹簧扭矩
d            圆形金属丝直径
E            弹性模量
α           偏转角度
Dm           平均线圈直径
n            线圈数目
σ           金属丝应力
I            金属丝惯量
b            平带金属丝宽度
h            平带金属丝高度
HspringRound  圆形金属丝弹簧高度
HspringFlat   平带金属丝弹簧高度
下面是使用用于注解变量的数值的示例计算,并且将在不限制权利要求的范围或其应用的情况下解释本发明。
  圆形金属线   平带金属线
  最大可利用壳体高度[mm]   9   9
  圆形金属线直径[mm]   3.23   -
  平带高度[mm]   -   3.5
  平带宽度[mm]   -   1.5
  线圈数目   2.9   2.9
  平均线圈直径[mm]   42   42
  金属丝惯量[mm4]   5.13   5.13
  标称偏转[°]   80   80
  最大偏转[°]   102   102
  标称偏转下的扭矩[Ncm]   387   387
  最大偏转下的最大弹簧高度[mm]   9.64   6.18
给定标称偏转下的等同扭矩387Ncm,则本发明的弹簧的最大弹簧高度与圆形金属丝弹簧的9.64毫米相比仅是6.18毫米。这表示大约35%的轴向高度降低(图1,轴线Y-Y)。这个显著降低允许在较薄的张紧器包装中可得到所需的扭矩输出。这允许张紧器在更小的操作容积中使用,或在其中不可能增加张紧器的尺寸以容许更大扭矩需求的给定操作容积中允许实现更大的扭矩。
这还示出大约2.3的尺寸“h”与尺寸“b”的纵横比(h∶b)。本发明的弹簧可以同样成功地被制造为具有大于1的纵横比。
图3是使用本发明的弹簧的张紧器的分解视图。这里描述的示例性偏心张紧器仅用于说明的目的并且不是为了限制本发明的弹簧的宽度或适用性。
偏心张紧器包括基座10。套筒40突起穿过基座10。臂30通过衬套70枢转地结合在套筒40上。衬套70和套筒40可包括任何适合的低摩擦材料,包括塑料。塑料可以是油浸的或具有PTFE涂层。阻尼垫50结合弹簧10。弹簧10停留在通道51中的阻尼垫50内。阻尼垫50在操作期间通过与基座20和臂30的摩擦结合来帮助缓冲臂30的不期望的振动。
弹簧10的一个端部11结合臂30中的槽31。弹簧10的一个端部12结合基座20的元件21。在操作中,弹簧10偏压臂30抵靠基座20,以通过轴承91和滑轮90施加弹簧扭矩以加载皮带(未示出)。通过元件23与安装表面(未示出)的接收部分相结合来防止基座20转动。
调节器60通过孔径33结合臂30。调节器用来偏心地定位臂30的旋转中心以便相对于臂30的移动范围适当地定位皮带负载。臂30的位置在张紧器的安装期间通过将工具(未示出)插入工具接收部分62来进行调节。
紧固件100用来将张紧器连接至安装表面(未示出),比如发动机本体。紧固件100延伸通过调节器60中的孔径61。
张紧器的适当调节使用臂30上的指示器34以及基座20上的指示器22来实现。臂被旋转直到指示器34与指示器22的相应部分对准。臂和基座然后使用销35钉在一起。
一旦张紧器安装在操作位置中,并且指示器34、22适当地对准,紧固件100向下扭转,这还防止调节器60的移动。套筒上的衬套70允许臂30绕着套筒40自由地移动。
密封80结合臂30的顶表面32以防止碎片进入臂孔径33和套筒40之间并且从而进入套筒40的轴衬表面41。碎片将不利地影响张紧器的操作。皮带(未示出)结合滑轮90。滑轮90通过轴承91轴颈连接至臂30。
虽然本发明的形式在这里已经描述,对于本领域的技术人员而言将明显的是,可在不脱离在这里描述的本发明的精神和范围的情况下在构造和相关部件中做出变化。

Claims (5)

1.一种张紧器,其包括:
基座(20);
枢转臂(30);
轴颈连接至枢转臂的滑轮(90);
结合于基座和枢转臂之间的扭簧(10),该扭簧偏压枢转臂;
扭簧包括具有主轴线(Z-Z)和次轴线(X-X)的横截面形式,主轴线的长度(h)大于次轴线的长度(b);
扭簧包括与主轴线基本上平行的平面部分(15、16);并且
主轴线定位在从扭簧绕组轴线(Y-Y)基本上径向且法向地延伸的方向上。
2.如权利要求1的张紧器,还包括布置于平面部分之间的凸面弓形侧面(13、14)。
3.如权利要求1的张紧器,还包括与臂相啮合的调节器,该调节器具有工具接收部分由此调节臂位置。
4.一种扭簧,其包括:
具有绕组轴线(Y-Y)的弹性材料的线圈;
该线圈具有包括主轴线(Z-Z)和次轴线(X-X)的横截面形式,主轴线的长度(h)大于次轴线的长度(b);
该线圈包括彼此相对地布置于弓形侧面(13、14)之间的基本上平面部分(15、16),并且所述平面部分与主轴线基本上平行;并且
主轴线定位在从扭簧绕组轴线(Y-Y)基本上径向且法向地延伸的方向上。
5.如权利要求4的张紧弹簧,其中尺寸(h)与尺寸(b)的纵横比(h∶b)大于1。
CNA200780049993XA 2007-01-16 2007-12-20 平带扭簧和张紧器 Pending CN101600893A (zh)

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US11/653,675 US20080171622A1 (en) 2007-01-16 2007-01-16 Flatband torsion spring and tensioner
US11/653,675 2007-01-16

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CN112032230A (zh) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-04 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所 一种矩形截面扭转弹簧性能确定方法
WO2023087316A1 (zh) * 2021-11-22 2023-05-25 华为技术有限公司 传动带调节装置与方法、转向装置以及车辆

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US20080171622A1 (en) 2008-07-17
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