CN101599724A - A kind of MPPT control device and method that is used for solar photovoltaic generation system - Google Patents
A kind of MPPT control device and method that is used for solar photovoltaic generation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention has announced a kind of MPPT control device and method that is used for solar photovoltaic generation system, and device of the present invention comprises MPPT sample circuit, drive circuit, current sampling circuit, voltage sampling circuit and dsp processor.The method of the invention continues 3 times when constant when perturbation direction, and the voltage disturbance index multiplication with 2 on duty is big, follows the trail of to the maximum power point place to reach quick.Work as U
DcAt U
PMAXDuring near the swing, the voltage disturbance value is little divided by 2 index demultiplication, thereby reduces the photovoltaic array voltage U
DcHunting range, make U
DcBe stable at the corresponding photovoltaic array output voltage U of peak power output point
PMAXThe place.The present invention has avoided the phenomenon that the tracking velocity of existing MPPT maximum power point tracking technology existence is slow, swing near maximum working voltage.
Description
Technical field
Invention relates to a kind of MPPT control device and method that is used for solar photovoltaic generation system, belongs to maximum power point tracking device and method.
Background technology
Photovoltaic power generation technology based on the solar energy utilization has obtained paying close attention to widely, but the power output of photovoltaic cell is subjected to the influence of photovoltaic battery temperature and intensity of solar radiation.Under identical radiation condition, the temperature of photovoltaic cell is high more, and then the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell is low more, and power output is more little; Otherwise the temperature of photovoltaic cell is low more, and then the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cell is just high more, and power output is big more.Under identical photovoltaic battery temperature, the radiation intensity that shines on the photovoltaic cell is strong more, and then the short circuit current of photovoltaic cell is just high more, and power output is big more; Radiation intensity is low more, and then the short circuit current of photovoltaic cell is low more, and power output is more little.In actual photovoltaic system, the power output of photovoltaic cell often is subjected to the influence of temperature T and intensity of solar radiation S variation simultaneously, the increase of temperature T makes the power output of photovoltaic cell produce the trend that reduces, the increase of radiation intensity S makes the power output of photovoltaic cell produce the trend that increases, and the real output of photovoltaic cell is these two kinds of trend results of interaction.
In order to improve the utilization ratio of photovoltaic cell, improve the energy output of unit are photovoltaic cell, need adopt certain control strategy that photovoltaic generating system is operated on the maximum power point of photovoltaic cell at the above-mentioned characteristic of photovoltaic cell.The first disturbance light photovoltaic array output voltage values of known voltage method of perturbation MPPT strategy is observed the photovoltaic array power output after the disturbance again, compares with performance number before the disturbance then, if the performance number after the disturbance increases, then perturbation direction is constant; If the performance number after the disturbance reduces, then change perturbation direction, near the maximum working voltage that searches photovoltaic array.Traditional voltage disturbance method adopts fixed step size the photovoltaic array output voltage to be carried out disturbance, the problem that exists operating voltage to swing near the photovoltaic array maximum working voltage.If the step-length of selecting is too small, then the speed of MPPT maximum power point tracking is slower; If the step-length of selecting is excessive, then near the amplitude of fluctuation of the operating voltage photovoltaic array maximum working voltage is big.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of MPPT control device and method that is used for solar photovoltaic generation system at the defective that prior art exists.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for achieving the above object:
A kind of MPPT control device that is used for solar photovoltaic generation system of the present invention, comprise the MPPT sample circuit, drive circuit, current sampling circuit and voltage sampling circuit, the wherein output dc voltage and the output current end of the input termination photovoltaic array of MPPT sample circuit, the output of the input termination three-phase grid-connected inverter of current sampling circuit, the three-phase voltage input of the input termination utility network of voltage sampling circuit, the input of the output termination three-phase grid-connected inverter of drive circuit, it is characterized in that also comprising by MPPT variable step tracking module, the PWM generation module, the dsp processor that voltage and current double closed-loop control module and phase-locked loop constitute, wherein the input of phase-locked loop connects the output of current sampling circuit and voltage sampling circuit respectively, connect the input of PWM generation module after the output serial connection voltage and current double closed-loop control module of phase-locked loop, the output of the input termination MPPT sample circuit of MPPT variable step tracking module, the input of the output termination PWM generation module of MPPT variable step tracking module, the input of the output termination drive circuit of PWM generation module.
Described a kind of control method that is used for the MPPT control device of solar photovoltaic generation system is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 301: setting unit voltage disturbance value Δ, error voltage ε, count initialized device Count and Count1 simultaneously;
Step 302: adopt the MPPT sample circuit to gather the output voltage of photovoltaic array and output current also calculates photovoltaic array through MPPT variable step tracking module power output P
1
Step 303: the output voltage to photovoltaic array applies a disturbed value Δ * 2^Count;
Step 304: the collection of employing MPPT sample circuit applies the output voltage and the output current of the photovoltaic array after the disturbance and calculates the power output P of photovoltaic array through MPPT variable step tracking module
2
Step 305: work as P
1＞P
2, jump to step 307; Work as P
1＜P
2, jump to step 306;
Step 306: the value of counter Count1 is added 1;
Step 307: the described voltage disturbance value of step 303 is taken as the opposite number of initial value, is back to step 302 then;
Step 308: the collection of continuation employing MPPT sample circuit applies the output voltage and the output current of the photovoltaic array after the disturbance and calculates the power output P of photovoltaic array through MPPT variable step tracking module
1
Step 309: the output voltage to photovoltaic array applies a disturbed value Δ * 2^Count again:
Step 310: the collection of employing MPPT sample circuit applies the output voltage and the output current of the photovoltaic array after the disturbance and calculates the power output P of photovoltaic array through MPPT variable step tracking module
2
Step 311: work as P
1＜P
2, jump to step 312; Work as P
1＞P
2, jump to step 315;
Step 312: the value of counter Count1 is added 1;
Step 313:, then be back to step 308 when Count1＜3;
Step 314: when Count1＞=3, make the value of counter Count add 1, be back to step 308 then;
Step 315: the voltage disturbance value is taken as the opposite number of initial value, and the value zero clearing of counter Count1, the value of counter Count are subtracted 1;
Step 316: when the absolute value of voltage disturbance value Δ * 2^Count greater than error voltage ε, then jump to step 308; When the absolute value of voltage disturbance value Δ * 2^Count less than error voltage ε, then the actual output voltage of photovoltaic array has been positioned at the output voltage U of maximum power point correspondence
PMAXNear, flow process finishes.
Beneficial effect of the present invention has been to avoid the phenomenon that the tracking velocity of existing MPPT maximum power point tracking technology existence is slow, swing near maximum working voltage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a functional-block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the voltage disturbance maximum power tracking method of the present invention's employing.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the variable step voltage disturbance MPPT method of the present invention's employing.
Embodiment
Be elaborated below in conjunction with the technical scheme of accompanying drawing to invention:
Fig. 1 is a functional-block diagram of the present invention.As shown in the figure, MPPT maximum power point tracking of the present invention (MPPT) control device 1 comprises MPPT sample circuit 11, drive circuit 12, current sampling circuit 13, voltage sampling circuit 14 and dsp processor 15.This dsp processor 15 is the dsp chip of TMS320LF2812 for TI company model, and it comprises MPPT variable step tracking module 151, PWM generation module 152, voltage and current double closed-loop control module 153 and phase-locked loop module 154.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the voltage disturbance maximum power tracking method of the present invention's employing.Curve is the output voltage U of photovoltaic array and the relation of power output P as shown in the figure, and the U-P curve is not changeless, and it is along with intensity of sunshine and variations in temperature, but no matter the U-P curve how with the external factor variation, all has general shape as shown in Figure 2.P among the figure
MAXBe the peak power output point of photovoltaic array, U
PMAXBe the corresponding photovoltaic array output voltage of peak power output point, U
OcFor photovoltaic array open circuit voltage, U
DcOperating voltage for photovoltaic array.
The MPPT maximum power point tracking control procedure is exactly photovoltaic array operating voltage U
DcMoving process.If the photovoltaic array operating voltage is greater than the corresponding photovoltaic array output voltage U of peak power output point
PMAX, as U among Fig. 2
DcShown in, the polarity of judging dP/dU is less than 0, U
DcChange according to the direction of search B shown in the figure, i.e. U
DcReduce, until being reduced to U
PMAXNear, because the U-P characteristic curve is at U
PMAXNear comparatively smooth, U
DcReach U
PMAXAfter, may continue to be decreased to U
PMAXThe left side, the polarity of dP/dU changes, promptly dP/dU is greater than 0, this moment U
DcShould be to moving in the other direction.If the photovoltaic array operating voltage is less than the corresponding photovoltaic array output voltage U of peak power output point
PMAX, as U among Fig. 2
Dc *Shown in, U
DcChange according to the direction of search A shown in the figure, i.e. U
DcIncrease, until increasing to U
PMAXNear, because the U-P characteristic curve is at U
PMAXNear comparatively smooth, U
DcReach U
PMAXAfter, may continue to increase to U
PMAXThe right side, the polarity of dP/dU changes, promptly dP/dU is less than 0, this moment U
DcShould be to moving in the other direction.Because of being subjected to the restriction of variable sampling precision, final U
DcCan be at U
PMAXSwing near some scopes realizes the tracking of maximum power point.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the variable step voltage disturbance MPPT method of the present invention's employing.As shown in the figure, the characteristics of this variable step voltage disturbance MPPT method are, when perturbation direction continues 3 times when constant, the voltage disturbance index multiplication with 2 on duty is big, follows the trail of to the maximum power point place to reach quick.Work as U
DcAt U
PMAXDuring near the swing, the voltage disturbance value is little divided by 2 index demultiplication, thereby reduces the photovoltaic array voltage U
DcHunting range, make U
DcBe stable at the corresponding photovoltaic array output voltage U of peak power output point
PMAXThe place.Workflow below in conjunction with detailed this variable step voltage disturbance of the description MPPT method of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3:
In the step 301, unit voltage disturbed value Δ is set to e, error voltage ε is set to k, and wherein e, k are the constant that can set arbitrarily, and counter Count and Count1 are set to zero simultaneously.In the step 302, detect this output voltage and output current of photovoltaic array constantly, calculate power output P
1In the step 303, the output voltage of photovoltaic array is applied a disturbed value Δ * 2^Count, the photovoltaic array output voltage is increased or reduce.In the step 304, detect this output voltage and output current of photovoltaic array constantly, calculate power output P
2In the step 305, compare power output P
1With P
2If P
1＞P
2, the output voltage U of the actual output voltage of photovoltaic array from the maximum power point correspondence is described
PMAXMore and more far away, jump to step 307.In the step 307, the voltage disturbance value is taken as the opposite number of initial value, even changing in the opposite direction of output voltage is back to step 302 then.If P
1＜P
2, the actual output voltage of photovoltaic array is from the output voltage U of maximum power point correspondence
PMAXMore and more nearer, jump to step 306.In the step 306, the value of counter Count1 is added 1.In the step 308, continue to detect this output voltage and output current of photovoltaic array constantly, calculate power output P
1In the step 309, the output voltage of photovoltaic array is applied a disturbed value Δ * 2^Count, make the photovoltaic array output voltage continue to increase or reduce.In the step 310, detect this output voltage and output current of photovoltaic array constantly, calculate power output P
2In the step 311, compare power output P
1With P
2If P
1＜P
2, illustrate that photovoltaic array output does not reach the output voltage of maximum power point correspondence, jumps to step 312.In the step 312, the value of counter Count1 is added 1.In the step 313, judge whether the value of counter Count1 reaches 3.If Count1＜3 then are back to step 308.If Count1＞=3 illustrate that output voltage to same direction disturbance 3 times, in order to accelerate tracking velocity, should increase the voltage disturbance value.In the step 314, make the value of counter Count add 1, be back to step 308 then.Next time, disturbance magnitude of voltage Δ * 2^Count became original 2 times during voltage disturbance.In the step 311, if P
1＞P
2, illustrate that the actual output voltage value of photovoltaic array has been positioned at the output voltage U of maximum power point correspondence
PMAXOpposite side, jump to step 315.In the step 315, the voltage disturbance value is taken as the opposite number of initial value, even the changing in the opposite direction of output voltage, and the value zero clearing of counter Couun1, the value of counter Count are subtracted 1.Reduce the value of counter Count, voltage disturbance value Δ * 2^Count is reduced, thereby make the photovoltaic array output voltage reach the output voltage U of maximum power point correspondence fast
PMAXIn the step 316, whether the absolute value of judging voltage disturbance value Δ * 2^Count is less than error voltage ε.If the absolute value of voltage disturbance value Δ * 2^Count then jumps to step 308 greater than error voltage ε.If the absolute value of voltage disturbance value Δ * 2^Count illustrates that less than error voltage ε the actual output voltage of photovoltaic array has been positioned at the output voltage U of maximum power point correspondence
PMAXNear, can think and realize MPPT maximum power point tracking that flow process finishes.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of MPPT control device that is used for solar photovoltaic generation system, comprise MPPT sample circuit (11), drive circuit (12), current sampling circuit (13) and voltage sampling circuit (14), the wherein output dc voltage and the output current end of the input termination photovoltaic array of MPPT sample circuit (11), the output of the input termination three-phase grid-connected inverter of current sampling circuit (13), the three-phase voltage input of the input termination utility network of voltage sampling circuit (14), the input of the output termination three-phase grid-connected inverter of drive circuit (12), it is characterized in that also comprising by MPPT variable step tracking module (151), PWM generation module (152), the dsp processor (15) that voltage and current double closed-loop control module (153) and phase-locked loop (154) constitute, wherein the input of phase-locked loop (154) connects the output of current sampling circuit (13) and voltage sampling circuit (14) respectively, connect the input of PWM generation module (152) after the output serial connection voltage and current double closed-loop control module (153) of phase-locked loop (154), the output of the input termination MPPT sample circuit (11) of MPPT variable step tracking module (151), the input of the output termination PWM generation module (152) of MPPT variable step tracking module (151), the input of the output termination drive circuit (12) of PWM generation module (152).
2, a kind of based on the described a kind of control method that is used for the MPPT control device of solar photovoltaic generation system of claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 301: setting unit voltage disturbance value Δ, error voltage ε, count initialized device Count and Count1 simultaneously;
Step 302: adopt MPPT sample circuit (11) to gather the output voltage of photovoltaic array and output current also calculates photovoltaic array through MPPT variable step tracking module (151) power output P
1
Step 303: the output voltage to photovoltaic array applies a disturbed value Δ * 2^Count;
Step 304: employing MPPT sample circuit (11) collection applies the output voltage and the output current of the photovoltaic array after the disturbance and calculates the power output P of photovoltaic array through MPPT variable step tracking module (151)
2
Step 305: work as P
1＞P
2, jump to step 307; Work as P
1＜P
2, jump to step 306;
Step 306: the value of counter Count1 is added 1;
Step 307: the described voltage disturbance value of step 303 is taken as the opposite number of initial value, is back to step 302 then;
Step 308: continuation employing MPPT sample circuit (11) collection applies the output voltage and the output current of the photovoltaic array after the disturbance and calculates the power output P of photovoltaic array through MPPT variable step tracking module (151)
1
Step 309: the output voltage to photovoltaic array applies a disturbed value Δ * 2^Count again:
Step 310: employing MPPT sample circuit (11) collection applies the output voltage and the output current of the photovoltaic array after the disturbance and calculates the power output P of photovoltaic array through MPPT variable step tracking module (151)
2
Step 311: work as P
1＜P
2, jump to step 312; Work as P
1＞P
2, jump to step 315;
Step 312: the value of counter Count1 is added 1;
Step 313:, then be back to step 308 when Count1＜3;
Step 314: when Count1＞=3, make the value of counter Count add 1, be back to step 308 then;
Step 315: the voltage disturbance value is taken as the opposite number of initial value, and the value zero clearing of counter Count1, the value of counter Count are subtracted 1;
Step 316: when the absolute value of voltage disturbance value Δ * 2^Count greater than error voltage ε, then jump to step 308; When the absolute value of voltage disturbance value Δ * 2^Count less than error voltage ε, then the actual output voltage of photovoltaic array has been positioned at the output voltage U of maximum power point correspondence
PMAXNear, flow process finishes.
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| CN2009101816247A CN101599724B (en) | 2009-07-24 | 2009-07-24 | Device and method for controlling MPPT of solar pvelectricity generating system |
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| CN106681424B (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-04-10 | 苏州市职业大学 | A kind of solar energy power generating MPPT control systems and control method |
| CN108803769A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽华网电力设计有限公司 | The maximum power output control method and system of photovoltaic array |
| CN109270980A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-25 | 苏州中储普华电力科技有限公司 | The real-time variable step perturbation observation method MPPT tracking of photovoltaic inverting system |
| CN109270980B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-05-17 | 苏州中储普华电力科技有限公司 | The real-time variable step perturbation observation method MPPT tracking of photovoltaic inverting system |
| CN109343650A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-02-15 | 深圳市英威腾光伏科技有限公司 | A kind of maximum power point tracking method, solar controller and relevant device |
| CN109343650B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-06-30 | 深圳市英威腾光伏科技有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking method, solar controller and related equipment |
| CN111949064A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-17 | 上海空间电源研究所 | Analog control system circuit for realizing high-precision MPPT technology |
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