CN102591399B - Perturbation and observation method for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic grid-connected generating system - Google Patents
Perturbation and observation method for tracking maximum power point of photovoltaic grid-connected generating system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a perturbation and observation method for tracking a maximum power point of a photovoltaic grid-connected generating system, which is characterized in that reference current amplitude value signals of a grid-connected inverter serve as alternative signals of output power of the grid-connected inverter, and a controller is used for perturbing photovoltaic array reference voltage in real time and determining the direction of perturbing photovoltaic array reference voltage for next time according to reference current amplitude value signal change before and after the photovoltaic array reference voltage is perturbed. By means of ring closure of a PI regulator, reference current amplitude value signals of the grid-connected inverter for next time can be also obtained while practical output voltage of a photovoltaic array tracks the reference voltage in real time. Repeatedly, a maximum power point tracking function of the photovoltaic array can be realized by perturbing the voltage, observing the reference current amplitude value signal change and regulating reference voltage of the photovoltaic array and the reference current amplitude value signals of the grid-connected inverter for next time. By the aid of the method, voltage collapse of a direct-current bus and incapability of correctly tracking in weak sunlight are avoided, hardware cost is reduced, and generating power of the photovoltaic array is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar photovoltaic technology field, be specifically related to a kind of for realizing the disturbance observation of grid-connected photovoltaic system MPPT maximum power point tracking.
Background technology
Solar-energy photo-voltaic cell cost is relatively high, is restricting the fast development of photovoltaic industry.Under the higher prerequisite of hardware cost, how to guarantee the real-time Maximum Power Output of photovoltaic cell, to improving photovoltaic generating system cost performance, be vital.As everyone knows, the characteristics of output power of photovoltaic cell has very strong non-linear, its peak power output, peak power output point voltage and electric current are along with factors vary such as temperature, intensities of illumination, only have the effective maximum power point tracing method of employing, could improve the utilization factor of photovoltaic generating system to photovoltaic cell output electric energy.
At present, the method that photovoltaic generating system is realized MPPT maximum power point tracking comprises a variety of methods such as determining voltage method, disturbance observation, increment conductance method.Document [1] proposes to determine voltage method, it is that MPPT is controlled and is reduced to the control of PI loop pressure-stabilizing, therefore implement very simple, system has good stability, but the method be only suitable for illumination substantially constant compared with intense light irradiation strength condition, for sooner or later and the violent area of four seasons difference variation inapplicable, cause photovoltaic array in a lot of situations to be operated near maximum power point.Document [2] has been studied a kind of disturbance observation, near always fluctuation back and forth maximum power point of the peak power that the method is followed the trail of.Its another shortcoming is when external environment changes suddenly, and system perturbation direction mistake occurs sometimes and causes in service out-of-sequencely, and judgement obtains wrong tracking direction, even causes photovoltaic generating system collapse.Document [3] has proposed increment conductance method, and the method is controlled accurately, and response speed, than very fast, can change occasion faster for external environment.It is had relatively high expectations to hardware, and particularly the sampling precision of sensor requires higher.Meanwhile, increment conductance method exists tracing step to select difficult problem.
Document [1] W.Swiegers and J.Enslin, An Integrated Maximum Power Point Tracker for Photovoltaic Panels.Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronic, 1998, vol.1, pp.40-44.(Si prestige Gus, An Silin, a kind of integrated maximum power point tracing method of photovoltaic panel, the symposium of IEEE International Industry electronics, 1998, the 1 volumes: 40-44.)
Document [2] N.Femia, G.Petrone, G.Spagnuolo, et al.Optimization of perturb and observer maximum power point tracking method.IEEE Trans.Power Electron., 2005, vol.20, no.4, the luxuriant and rich with fragrance Miya of pp.963-973.(, send farmland grace, Si Panu Euro, the optimization of maximum power point tracing method is observed in disturbance, 2005,20 (4): 963-973.)
Document [3] A.Brambilla, M.Gambarara.A.Garutti, et al.New approach to photovoltaic arrays maximum power point tracking.In Proc.30th Annu.IEEE Power Electron..Spec.Conf., 1999, pp.632-637.(Bo Lamubila, lid Mu Balala; main officer of Tibet Shandong Ti etc., photovoltaic MPPT maximum power point tracking new method, the specialists meeting of IEEE power electronics, 1999:632-637.)
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of for realizing the disturbance observation of grid-connected photovoltaic system MPPT maximum power point tracking, overcome traditional disturbance observation and easily caused the shortcoming that cannot correctly follow the tracks of maximum power point in the weak situation of DC bus-bar voltage collapse and illumination, reduce hardware cost, improved the generated output of photovoltaic array.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind ofly for realizing the disturbance observation of grid-connected photovoltaic system MPPT maximum power point tracking, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: set each initial parameter: photovoltaic array reference voltage V
refwith the central point voltage V within the scope of voltage disturbance
refsequate, and all equal 0.78 times of photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal V of initial time on-line measurement
pv; A front photovoltaic array reference voltage V
refwith photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal V
pverror signal e
v_1=0, the reference current amplitude signal I of a front combining inverter
ref_1=0, counting variable j=0, the maximum I obtaining in the disturbance cycle
refvalue I
m=0; Voltage disturbance amount dV=-1, a front voltage disturbance amount dV
_ 1=-1, with the LOR=-1 of disturbance unit of direction; Forward disturbance bandwidth J
mx=10; The scale-up factor k of pi regulator
p=1, integral coefficient k
i=0.01;
Step 2: carry out photovoltaic array output voltage V
pvsampling, this sampled value, as photovoltaic array Voltage Feedback value, enters step 3;
Step 3: calculate photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal V
pvwith photovoltaic array reference voltage V
referror signal e
v, this error signal, as the input of pi regulator, enters step 4;
Step 4: error in judgement signal e
vwhether equal 0, if condition is set up, carry out step 5; If condition is false, carry out step 17;
Step 5: counting variable j increases 1, carry out step 6;
Step 6: judge that whether counting variable j is more than or equal to counting with reference to fiducial value N, if condition is set up, carry out step 7; If condition is false, carry out step 17;
Step 7: make counting variable j equal 0, enter step 8;
Step 8: the reference current amplitude signal I that judges current combining inverter
refwhether be greater than I
m, I
mfor the maximum I obtaining in the disturbance cycle
refvalue; If condition is set up, carry out step 9; If condition is false, carry out step 16;
Step 9: the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refvalue is assigned to I
m, current photovoltaic array reference voltage V
refbe assigned to the central point voltage V within the scope of voltage disturbance
refs, enter step 10;
Step 10: judge whether voltage disturbance amount dV equals 0, if condition is set up, carry out step 11; If condition is false, carry out step 12;
Step 11: according to the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refdeterministic disturbances bandwidth J
mx, enter step 16;
Step 12: judge whether voltage disturbance amount dV is more than or equal to forward disturbance bandwidth J
mxif condition is set up, and carry out step 13; If condition is false, carry out step 14;
Step 13: carry out the LOR=-1 of disturbance unit with direction, enter step 16;
Step 14: judge whether voltage disturbance amount dV is less than or equal to negative sense disturbance bandwidth-J
mxif condition is set up, and carries out step 15 step; If condition is false, carry out step 16;
Step 15: carry out the LOR=1 of disturbance unit with direction, enter step 16;
Step 16: calculating voltage disturbance quantity dV=dV
_ 1+ LOR and photovoltaic array reference voltage V
ref=V
refs+ dV, enters step 17;
Step 17: utilize pi regulator to calculate the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
ref=I
ref_1+ k
p* (e
v-e
v_1)+k
i* e
v, carry out I
ref_1=I
refand e
v_1=e
v.
In step 11, the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refbe less than nominal reference current amplitude signal 30% time, disturbance bandwidth J
mx=10; The reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refin nominal reference current amplitude signal 30% and 60% between time, disturbance bandwidth J
mx=9; The reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refin nominal reference current amplitude signal 60% and 80% between time, disturbance bandwidth J
mx=8; The reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refbe greater than nominal reference current amplitude signal 80% time, disturbance bandwidth J
mx=7.
The inventive method is usingd the reference current amplitude signal of combining inverter as the substitution signal of combining inverter output power, controller carries out disturbance to photovoltaic array reference voltage in real time, according to the reference current amplitude signal situation of change that causes combining inverter before and after photovoltaic array voltage disturbance, determine photovoltaic array reference voltage to be carried out the direction of disturbance next time.By pi regulator ring closure, when making photovoltaic array actual output voltage real-time follow-up reference voltage, also drawn the reference current amplitude signal of combining inverter next time.So loop disturbance voltage, observe reference current amplitude signal and change, regulate the reference current amplitude signal of photovoltaic array reference voltage and combining inverter next time, just can realize the MPPT maximum power point tracking function of photovoltaic array.In addition, the inventive method adopts different disturbance bandwidth according to the reference current amplitude signal grade of different combining inverters, photovoltaic array reference voltage signal is carried out to disturbance, and the reference current amplitude in observation contrast disturbance bandwidth changes to determine the direction of voltage disturbance next time.
The inventive method replaces by photovoltaic array output voltage and Current calculation photovoltaic array output power with the reference current amplitude signal of combining inverter, reduced current sensor, so hardware cost decreases.Due to the reference current amplitude signal of combining inverter, to photovoltaic array output voltage PI, closed-loop control obtains, and does not therefore have the quantization error impact of physical quantity digitized sampling, makes to follow the tracks of maximum power point more accurate, has improved tracking efficiency.Also owing to adopting photovoltaic array output voltage PI closed-loop control, so system crash problem and eliminated tracking error phenomenon while also having solved external environment sudden change.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the inventive method while being applicable to Single-Stage Grid Connected Solar Inverter System circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Be defined as follows symbol: V
reffor photovoltaic array reference voltage, V
pvfor photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal, e
vv
pvwith V
referror signal, e
v_1a front V
refwith V
pverror signal, V
refsbe the central point voltage within the scope of voltage disturbance, dV is voltage disturbance amount, dV
_ 1a front voltage disturbance amount, J
mxforward disturbance bandwidth ,-J
mxbe negative sense disturbance bandwidth, LOR is the disturbance unit with direction, I
refthe reference current amplitude signal of current combining inverter, I
ref_1the reference current amplitude signal of a front combining inverter, I
mfor the maximum I obtaining in the disturbance cycle
refvalue, j is counting variable, N counts with reference to fiducial value, k
pscale-up factor, k
iit is integral coefficient.
General thought of the present invention is to replace the photovoltaic array output power by photovoltaic array output voltage and Current calculation with the reference current amplitude signal of combining inverter.With photovoltaic array output voltage V
pvfor disturbance object, automatically according to different reference current amplitude signal I
refsize adopts different disturbance bandwidth J
mx, to photovoltaic array reference voltage signal V
refcarry out disturbance, and the reference current amplitude variation in observation contrast disturbance bandwidth, to determine the direction of voltage disturbance.By pi regulator, make voltage error e
vbe tending towards 0, work as V
pvtenacious tracking V
ref(with time delay counting form repeatedly, judge that whether system is in stable state) afterwards, with reference current amplitude signal I
refinstead of optical photovoltaic array output power is as observed quantity.If this I
refvalue is greater than the maximal value I obtaining in the disturbance cycle
m, by I now
refvalue is assigned to I
m, simultaneously voltage V now
refbe assigned to V
refs, as the central value of voltage disturbance, then with V
refsfor basis, continue V
refcarry out the voltage disturbance of disturbance quantity dV, when disturbance quantity dV reaches disturbance upper limit J
mxor disturbance lower limit-J
mxtime, show that system has striden across maximum power point, now must convert perturbation direction; If this I
refvalue is less than or equal to I
mvalue, continues V
refcarry out disturbance.
The present invention is for realizing the disturbance observation of grid-connected photovoltaic system MPPT maximum power point tracking, and concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: set each initial parameter:
Initial time, photovoltaic generating system not yet moves, and voltage corresponding to maximum power point that photovoltaic array may be exported is about 0.78 times of photovoltaic array open-circuit voltage, so photovoltaic array reference voltage V
refwith the central point voltage V within the scope of voltage disturbance
refsequate, and all equal 0.78 times of photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal V of initial time on-line measurement
pv.
Because system is in stopped status, so a front photovoltaic array reference voltage V
refwith photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal V
pverror signal e
v_1=0, the reference current amplitude signal I of a front combining inverter
ref_1=0, counting variable j=0, the maximum I obtaining in the disturbance cycle
refvalue I
m=0.
Due to not operation of system, therefore photovoltaic array voltage is open-circuit voltage values, and this open-circuit voltage values is greater than photovoltaic array Maximum Power Output and puts corresponding voltage, should carry out step-down disturbance to photovoltaic array voltage at the beginning, so voltage disturbance amount dV=-1, a front voltage disturbance amount dV
_ 1=-1, with the LOR=-1 of disturbance unit of direction.
J
mxsize by I
refsize determine, due to the decline along with power, the I of unit
refvariation can cause the variation of larger array voltage, so along with the decline of power, disturbance bandwidth J
mxalso should increase, to cause I thereupon
refvariation, thereby be beneficial to observation and comparison, conventionally initial time is set forward disturbance bandwidth J
mx=10.
According to the difference of system power, the ratio system k of pi regulator
pwith integral coefficient k
ineed to carry out emulation or experiment obtains, conventionally set k
p=1, k
i=0.01 as initial value.
Step 2: the analog to digital conversion by controller is carried out photovoltaic array output voltage V
pvsampling, this sampled value, as photovoltaic array Voltage Feedback value, enters step 3.
Step 3: calculate photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal V
pvwith photovoltaic array reference voltage V
referror signal e
v, this error signal, as the input of pi regulator, enters step 4.
Step 4: error in judgement signal e
vwhether equal 0, it is to judge whether photovoltaic array actual output voltage follows the tracks of disturbance voltage.If condition is set up, carry out step 5; If condition is false, carry out step 17.
Step 5: counting variable j increases 1, this step plays the effect of counting time delay, carry out step 6.
Step 6: judge whether counting variable j is more than or equal to counting with reference to fiducial value N, this be for etc. after pending primary voltage disturbance, system enters the response time of stable state, the size of N is relevant with the capacity of PV dc-link capacitance 20.For example N=10 is the situation larger to the capacity of PV dc-link capacitance 20, and now system response time is longer; N=3 is the situation that the capacity of PV dc-link capacitance 20 is less, and now system response time is shorter.If condition is set up, show that system, in stable state, carry out step 7; If condition is false, show that system still in dynamic process, carry out step 17.
Step 7: make counting variable j equal 0, enter step 8.
Step 8: the reference current amplitude signal I that judges current combining inverter
refwhether be greater than I
m, I
mfor the maximum I obtaining in the disturbance cycle
refvalue, it is to judge that whether the current output power of photovoltaic array is higher than the output power before voltage disturbance.If condition is set up, show that the current output power of photovoltaic array is large, carry out step 9; If condition is false, show that the current output power of photovoltaic array is little, carry out step 16.
Step 9: the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refvalue is assigned to I
m, current photovoltaic array reference voltage V
refbe assigned to the central point voltage V within the scope of voltage disturbance
refs, enter step 10.
Step 10: judge whether voltage disturbance amount dV equals 0, it be judge current whether in local maximum power point place.If condition is set up, show that system, in local maximum power point place, carry out step 11; If condition is false, show that system is in tracking peak power process, carry out step 12.
Step 11: according to the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refdeterministic disturbances bandwidth J
mx, enter step 16.Wherein, the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refbe less than nominal reference current amplitude signal 30% time, disturbance bandwidth J
mx=10; The reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refin nominal reference current amplitude signal 30% and 60% between time, disturbance bandwidth J
mx=9; The reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refin nominal reference current amplitude signal 60% and 80% between time, disturbance bandwidth J
mx=8; The reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refbe greater than nominal reference current amplitude signal 80% time, disturbance bandwidth J
mx=7.
Step 12: judge whether voltage disturbance amount dV is more than or equal to forward disturbance bandwidth J
mx, it is to judge whether forward has striden across maximum power point to system.If condition is set up, show that system has striden across maximum power point, carry out step 13; If condition is false, carry out step 14.
Step 13: voltage, to the direction disturbance declining, is carried out the LOR=-1 of disturbance unit with direction, enters step 16.
Step 14: judge whether voltage disturbance amount dV is less than or equal to negative sense disturbance bandwidth-J
mx, it is to judge whether negative sense has striden across maximum power point to system.If condition is set up, show that system has striden across maximum power point, carry out step 15 step; If condition is false, carry out step 16.
Step 15: voltage, to the direction disturbance raising, is carried out the LOR=1 of disturbance unit with direction, enters step 16.
Step 16: calculating voltage disturbance quantity dV=dV
_ 1+ LOR and photovoltaic array reference voltage V
ref=V
refs+ dV, enters step 17.
Step 17: utilize pi regulator to calculate the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
ref=I
ref_1+ k
p* (e
v-e
v_1)+k
i* e
v, carry out I
ref_1=I
refand e
v_1=e
v.
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and it is a kind of Single-Stage Grid Connected Solar Inverter System circuit.The positive pole of photovoltaic array 18 connects the anode of anti-reverse charging power diode 19, the negative pole of photovoltaic array 18 connects the negative electrode of PV dc-link capacitance 20, the negative electrode of anti-reverse charging power diode 19 connects the anode of PV dc-link capacitance 20, the anodic bonding DC/AC translation circuit of PV dc-link capacitance 20 and the positive input terminal of filtering circuit 21, the negative electrode of PV dc-link capacitance 20 connects the negative input end of DC/AC translation circuit and filtering circuit 21, the output of DC/AC translation circuit and filtering circuit 21 connects single-phase or three phase network 22, photovoltaic array output voltage sampling sensor 23 connects anode and the negative electrode two ends of PV dc-link capacitance 20, be used for measuring photovoltaic array output voltage.
The inventive method does not need to detect photovoltaic array output current signal, only photovoltaic array output voltage is detected, and has therefore reduced hardware cost.
The inventive method both can solve the tracking error problem that even whole system is collapsed that traditional disturbance observation occurs under sudden change environment.Common disturbance observation needs output voltage and the output current of sampled light photovoltaic array, utilize the product of output voltage and output current to calculate the power of photovoltaic array output, because output voltage and output current all obtain by digital analog to digital conversion sampling, sampling numerical value is directly related with analog to digital conversion sampling precision, so voltage and current product is output power, there is certain digitized sampling quantization error, cause maximal power tracing efficiency lower.And the reference current amplitude signal of the inventive method combining inverter replaces the photovoltaic array output power by photovoltaic array output voltage and Current calculation, to photovoltaic array output voltage PI, closed-loop control obtains the reference current amplitude signal of this combining inverter, therefore there is not the quantization error impact of physical quantity digitized sampling, make to follow the tracks of maximum power point more accurate.
The inventive method is specially adapted to the grid-connected photovoltaic system of single stage type circuit structure, can be single-phase AC system, can be also three-phase alternating current system, in the field of photovoltaic power generation of various power grades, all has extraordinary practical value.
Claims (1)
1. for realizing a disturbance observation for grid-connected photovoltaic system MPPT maximum power point tracking, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: set each initial parameter: photovoltaic array reference voltage V
refwith the central point voltage V within the scope of voltage disturbance
refsequate, and all equal 0.78 times of photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal V of initial time on-line measurement
pv; A front photovoltaic array reference voltage V
refwith photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal V
pverror signal e
v_1=0, the reference current amplitude signal I of a front combining inverter
ref_1=0, counting variable j=0, the reference current amplitude signal I of the current combining inverter obtaining in the disturbance cycle
refmaximal value I
m=0; Voltage disturbance amount dV=-1, a front voltage disturbance amount dV
_ 1=-1, with the LOR=-1 of disturbance unit of direction; Forward disturbance bandwidth J
mx=10; The scale-up factor k of pi regulator
p=1, integral coefficient k
i=0.01;
Step 2: to the sampling of photovoltaic array output voltage, obtain photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal V
pv, this sampled value, as photovoltaic array Voltage Feedback value, enters step 3;
Step 3: calculate photovoltaic array output voltage sampled signal V
pvwith photovoltaic array reference voltage V
referror signal e
v, this error signal, as the input of pi regulator, enters step 4;
Step 4: error in judgement signal e
vwhether equal 0, if condition is set up, carry out step 5; If condition is false, carry out step 17;
Step 5: counting variable j increases 1, carry out step 6;
Step 6: judge that whether counting variable j is more than or equal to counting with reference to fiducial value N, if condition is set up, carry out step 7; If condition is false, carry out step 17;
Step 7: make counting variable j equal 0, enter step 8;
Step 8: the reference current amplitude signal I that judges current combining inverter
refwhether be greater than I
m, I
mfor the maximum I obtaining in the disturbance cycle
refvalue; If condition is set up, carry out step 9; If condition is false, carry out step 16;
Step 9: the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refvalue is assigned to I
m, current photovoltaic array reference voltage V
refbe assigned to the central point voltage V within the scope of voltage disturbance
refs, enter step 10;
Step 10: judge whether voltage disturbance amount dV equals 0, if condition is set up, carry out step 11; If condition is false, carry out step 12;
Step 11: according to the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
refdeterministic disturbances bandwidth J
mx, enter step 16;
Step 12: judge whether voltage disturbance amount dV is more than or equal to forward disturbance bandwidth J
mxif condition is set up, and carry out step 13; If condition is false, carry out step 14;
Step 13: carry out the LOR=-1 of disturbance unit with direction, enter step 16;
Step 14: judge whether voltage disturbance amount dV is less than or equal to negative sense disturbance bandwidth-J
mxif condition is set up, and carries out step 15 step; If condition is false, carry out step 16;
Step 15: carry out the LOR=1 of disturbance unit with direction, enter step 16;
Step 16: calculating voltage disturbance quantity dV=dV
_ 1+ LOR and photovoltaic array reference voltage V
ref=V
refs+ dV, enters step 17;
Step 17: utilize pi regulator to calculate the reference current amplitude signal I of current combining inverter
ref=I
ref_1+ k
p* (e
v-e
v_1)+k
i* e
v, carry out I
ref_1=I
refand e
v_1=e
v.
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| CN103455081B (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2015-12-09 | 西安理工大学 | Based on the maximum power point tracing method that disturbance is observed |
| CN103744468B (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2015-12-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of variable step photovoltaic MPPT control method based on grazing angle |
| CN103885522A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-06-25 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Maximum power tracking method based on direct-current bus voltage control |
| CN108039868A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-05-15 | 河南理工大学 | Solar electric power supply system detection method and device |
| CN109962489B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2023-01-20 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | MPPT misjudgment correction control method and system |
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| CN114546023B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2023-06-30 | 南京工程学院 | Maximum power point tracking method of photovoltaic power generation system |
| CN116093980B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-06-16 | 西南交通大学 | Zero oscillation power generation system steady state method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN117950444A (en) * | 2023-12-06 | 2024-04-30 | 长江三峡水务(宜昌)有限公司 | Photovoltaic voltage tracking MPPT control method based on optimization algorithm |
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| CN102043419B (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2014-11-05 | 盈威力新能源科技(上海)有限公司 | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method of currentless sensor |
| EP2372486B1 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2013-06-05 | ABB Research Ltd | Method and arrangement of tracking the maximum power point of a photovoltaic module |
| KR101089906B1 (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2011-12-05 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | Maximum power point tracker, power conversion controller, power inverter of insulating structure, and method for maximum power point tracking of power inverter |
| CN102291050B (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2013-11-06 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Maximum power point tracking method and device for photovoltaic power generation system |
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