CN101597562B - Secondary anaerobic fermentation and power generation system for large-middle scale biogas engineering - Google Patents

Secondary anaerobic fermentation and power generation system for large-middle scale biogas engineering Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101597562B
CN101597562B CN2009101026563A CN200910102656A CN101597562B CN 101597562 B CN101597562 B CN 101597562B CN 2009101026563 A CN2009101026563 A CN 2009101026563A CN 200910102656 A CN200910102656 A CN 200910102656A CN 101597562 B CN101597562 B CN 101597562B
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biogas
power generation
communicated
reactor drum
pond
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CN101597562A (en
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李�灿
林光进
万里平
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Guiyang University
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GUIZHOU QIAN LIN ZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Guiyang University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
    • C12M45/02—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/58—Reaction vessels connected in series or in parallel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
    • C12M43/08—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices or plants for production of electricity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
    • C12M47/18—Gas cleaning, e.g. scrubbers; Separation of different gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a secondary anaerobic fermentation and power generation system for large-middle scale biogas engineering, which belongs to a biogas production device. The invention aims to provide a biogas production system which can be used for centralized power generation. The system comprises a pretreatment tank, a primary fermentation tank, a secondary fermentation tank and a biogas residue tank; the pretreatment tank (16) is communicated with a USR reactor (14) through a feeding pipe (15), the USR reactor is communicated with the secondary fermentation tank (10) through an overflow pipe (21) and a gas conduit (2), and the USR reactor (14) and the secondary fermentation tank (10) are communicated with the biogas residue tank (11) through a residue discharge pipe (12) respectively; and the secondary fermentation tank supplies biogas for a generator through a biogas purification device (3). The system realizes the conversion of biogas fermentation from a small-scale production mode to a centralized high-efficiency large-scale mode, and has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency of wastewater treatment, high gas yield and the like; and the system can be matched with large-scale livestock and poultry farms for construction, thereby achieving the aims of saving energy sources, reducing the emission, and protecting the agricultural ecological balance.

Description

Big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering B grade anaerobic fermentation and power generation system
Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of biogas production system, relate in particular to a kind of B grade anaerobic fermentation system that source of the gas is provided for biogas generator.
Background technology: along with developing rapidly of livestock industry, its feeding scale constantly enlarges, and the ight soil the like waste of livestock and poultry farm discharging every day is increasing, not only causes serious environmental to pollute, and causes that easily livestock and poultry are pathogenic, has restricted the development of livestock and poultry farm self; If can near plant, build biogas engineering, both can solve problems such as fuel, fertilizer effectively, can handle ight soil for the livestock and poultry farm science again valid approach is provided.At present, use more widely mostly biogas production equipment is domestic methane tank, its shortcoming is that distribute wide, small scale, factor of created gase is low, can not satisfy the requirement of the scale operation that intensifies.
Summary of the invention: to the above-mentioned defective that exists in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a kind of big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering B grade anaerobic fermentation and power generation system that can adapt to intensification scale operation requirement.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: it comprises pretreatment pool, one grade fermemtation pond, second order fermentation pond and the natural pond slag bath that is communicated with successively; Said one grade fermemtation pond is the USR reactor drum, and pretreatment pool is communicated with the USR reactor drum through feed-pipe, and the anti-device of this USR is communicated with the second order fermentation pond through upflow tube and gas tube, and USR reactor drum and second order fermentation pond are communicated with the natural pond slag bath through scum pipe respectively; The marsh gas purifying device is passed through to the generator air feed in the second order fermentation pond.
The marsh gas purifying device is made up of the gas-holder, liquid packing, devulcanizer, water trap, gas compressor and the high pressure gas-holder that are communicated with successively; The USR reactor drum is provided with heating unit; Said heating unit is the hot-water line that is located in the USR jacket wall; The USR reactor drum is provided with circulation tube, and this circulation tube is provided with pump; On second order fermentation pond and pretreatment pool, be provided with stirrer; Be provided with barrier in the pretreatment pool ingress, be provided with mud discharging mouth in the bottom of this pretreatment pool.
Compare with prior art; The present invention is owing to adopted technique scheme; Therefore production and handling cost have not only been reduced; Improved the processing efficiency of waste water and the gas producing efficiency of biogas, but also realized that human and animal excreta sewage focuses on and the biogas centralized power generation, realized biogas fermentation by small-sized production model to the large-scale efficiently mode-conversion of the concentration of production.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Among the figure: 10 natural pond slag baths, 11 scum pipes, 12 stirrers, 13 USR reactor drums, 14 feed-pipes, 15 pretreatment pools, 16 mud discharging mouths, 17 barriers, 18 circulation tubes, 19 hot-water lines, 20 upflow tubes, 21 gas-holders 22 of boiler 1 gas tube 2 marsh gas purifying devices 3 liquid packings 4 devulcanizers 5 water traps 6 gas compressors 7 high pressure gas-holders 8 air storage films 9 second order fermentation ponds
Embodiment: the present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1: pretreatment pool 16 is communicated with the bottom of USR reactor drum 14 through feed-pipe 15; Upper part at this USR reactor drum is provided with the upflow tube 21 that is communicated with second order fermentation pond 10; Bottom in USR reactor drum 14 and second order fermentation pond 10 is respectively equipped with the scum pipe 12 that is communicated with natural pond slag bath 11; Be provided with the gas tube 2 that is communicated with second order fermentation pond 10 at the top of USR reactor drum 14, the air storage film 9 at 10 tops, second order fermentation pond provides biogas through marsh gas purifying device 3 to generator; This marsh gas purifying device is made up of the gas-holder 22, liquid packing 4, devulcanizer 5, water trap 6, gas compressor 7 and the high pressure gas-holder 8 that are communicated with successively.
In technique scheme, USR reactor drum 14 is a flow lifting type anaerobism solid reactor, and it is that the bigger reactor drum of solid contents is handled in a kind of novel being exclusively used in, and its construction features are not establish triphase separator and other member in the reactor drum.During work; The waste liquid that contains organic solid also soaks gradually from the bottom entering of reactor drum and covers the Solid Bed that contains the high density anaerobion; The abundant contact reacts of organic solid in the waste liquid and anaerobion; Organic solid be liquefied fermentation and anaerobic digestion have 50% organism to be converted into biogas approximately; Biogas rises with current and has the effect of mixing, and it has promoted contacting of solid and mikrobe.Because action of gravity; There is the natural sedimentation effect in the Solid Bed district; The solids that proportion is bigger (comprising mikrobe, undegradable solid and inoganic solids etc.) is deposited over the Solid Bed bottom; Keep higher amount of solid and living weight in the reactor drum, thereby make mikrobe and solid in the reactor drum that the long residence time arranged.When liquid level surpasses the Solid Bed certain altitude, just can be spilled over to the second order fermentation pond through upflow tube from the spillway of Chi Ding.Before spillway, be provided with and can reduce the skimming plate that SS runs off in the pond, it can form one deck scum layer at the reactor drum liquid level; In operational process steady in a long-term, scum layer is tending towards running balance after reaching certain thickness.In addition, constantly there is solid to be carried to scum layer, also has solid to turn back to the Solid Bed district simultaneously through the degassing by biogas; Because biogas will see through the collection chamber that scum layer enters into reactor head, can produce certain " fragmentation " effect to scum layer, so scum layer can not cause obstruction.Biogas in the collection chamber gets into the biogas storage cabinet outside gas tube is drawn the pond.
Because anaerobic digestion reaction process temperature influence is very big; In order to guarantee that anaerobic reaction still can normally carry out in the winter time; Must be to the measure of system implementation integral heat insulation; Also need simultaneously USR reactor drum 14 is heated processing: the tank skin of USR reactor drum 14 adopts the sandwich structure that is filled with heat preserving and insulating material, in this interlayer, is provided with the hot-water line 20 that is communicated with boiler 1.The fuel of boiler 1 can adopt the part biogas through purifying treatment.In order to guarantee sufficient reacting, on USR reactor drum 14, be provided with and can make the well-mixed circulation tube 19 of fermented liq, this circulation tube is provided with pump; In like manner, in order to make the liquid thorough mixing, on second order fermentation pond 10 and pretreatment pool 16, be equipped with stirrer 13.Sneak into for fear of foreign material, be provided with barrier 18 in pretreatment pool 16 ingress; Mud for the ease of being deposited in the pretreatment pool 16 is got rid of, and is provided with mud discharging mouth 17 in the bottom of this pretreatment pool.

Claims (6)

1. one kind big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering B grade anaerobic fermentation and power generation system comprise the pretreatment pool, one grade fermemtation pond, second order fermentation pond and the natural pond slag bath that are communicated with successively; It is characterized in that: said one grade fermemtation pond is USR reactor drum (14); Pretreatment pool (16) is communicated with USR reactor drum (14) through feed-pipe (15); This USR reactor drum is communicated with second order fermentation pond (10) through upflow tube (21) and gas tube (2), and USR reactor drum (14) and second order fermentation pond (10) are communicated with natural pond slag bath (11) through scum pipe (12) respectively; To the generator air feed, this marsh gas purifying device is made up of the gas-holder (22), liquid packing (4), devulcanizer (5), water trap (6), gas compressor (7) and the high pressure gas-holder (8) that are communicated with successively through marsh gas purifying device (3) in second order fermentation pond (10).
2. big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering B grade anaerobic fermentation according to claim 1 and power generation system is characterized in that: USR reactor drum (14) is provided with heating unit.
3. big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering B grade anaerobic fermentation according to claim 2 and power generation system is characterized in that: said heating unit is for being located at the hot-water line (20) in USR reactor drum (14) the interlayer wall.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering B grade anaerobic fermentation and power generation systems, it is characterized in that: USR reactor drum (14) is provided with circulation tube (19), and this circulation tube is provided with pump; On second order fermentation pond (10) and pretreatment pool (16), be provided with stirrer (13).
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering B grade anaerobic fermentation and power generation systems, it is characterized in that: be provided with barrier (18) in pretreatment pool (16) ingress, be provided with mud discharging mouth (17) in the bottom of this pretreatment pool.
6. big-and-middle-sized biogas engineering B grade anaerobic fermentation according to claim 4 and power generation system is characterized in that: be provided with barrier (18) in pretreatment pool (16) ingress, be provided with mud discharging mouth (17) in the bottom of this pretreatment pool.
CN2009101026563A 2009-07-06 2009-07-06 Secondary anaerobic fermentation and power generation system for large-middle scale biogas engineering Expired - Fee Related CN101597562B (en)

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