CN101595205A - Compressed fuel of making by renewable organic detritus and/or raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compressed fuel of making by renewable organic detritus and/or raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101595205A CN101595205A CNA2007800434668A CN200780043466A CN101595205A CN 101595205 A CN101595205 A CN 101595205A CN A2007800434668 A CNA2007800434668 A CN A2007800434668A CN 200780043466 A CN200780043466 A CN 200780043466A CN 101595205 A CN101595205 A CN 101595205A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/34—Other details of the shaped fuels, e.g. briquettes
- C10L5/36—Shape
- C10L5/363—Pellets or granulates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the compressed fuel made by organic detritus and/or raw material, it contains at least a additive that is used to improve calorific value and reduces slag formation, this fuel is made up of following fuel mixture: a) humidity of 72-83 weight % is incendivity organic detritus and/or the raw material of 8-20%, b) the natural organic oil and/or the fat that are used to improve calorific value of 13-25 weight %, and c) 2-3 weight % be used to improve ash fusion point and as the Sodium peroxoborate of oxygenate.That use to pulverize and weather aging or by UV-irradiation or the promotion aged UV additive by adding 0.1-0.3 weight % or the artificially-aged all types of cereal canes of UV absorption agent, sugarcane, bamboo, cotton plant, jute, sisal hemp, hemp, ramie, straw, rice husk, Chinese reed, napier grass, flax, coconut husk, mestha or alfa as organic detritus and/or raw material, wherein for improving permeability, be metered into tensio-active agent by the 1-5 weight % of oil part/fats portion to described oil part and/or fats portion.In addition, the described fuel mixture vulkacit H that can also contain 0.4-0.6 weight % is to help quickening lighting a fire and to quicken burnup and the xylogen that reduces carbon black and contain 1.0-1.5 is used for solidifying.This fuel forms slag hardly, and has the good calorific value of grilling thoroughly characteristic and 6.8kWh/kg, wherein waste gas be no meticulous dust also contain the objectionable impurities that can measure hardly.
Description
The present invention relates to the compressed fuel made by organic detritus and/or raw material, it contains and at least aly is used to improve calorific value and reduces the additive that slag forms, and the invention still further relates to a kind of method for preparing this fuel.
The fuel of being made by compressed renewable organic raw material is used for generate energy, and particularly to produce the importance of heat energy growing in industry and private field, these favourable raw materials are for example as the cane of cereal plantation or rapeseed cultivation and other phanerogamous by product, also have Wood waste, in system oil such as rapes as rapeseed cake and other organic raw material and the residue of by product.
By known a kind of compressed fuel among the DE 10334645A1, it is made by the timber of pulverised form and the mixture of other organic by-products and residue, wherein the timber of this pulverised form partly is 20-80%, and rest part is made up of the organic constituent of other renewable raw materials that does not contain tackiness agent.This fuel is by the preparation of such method, and by this method, this mixture is adjusted to charging humidity by the ratio of mixture of the timber of pulverised form and organic constituent and compacting humidity is 5%-40% before compacting, and suppresses.But charging humidity of Tiao Jieing and compacting humidity can cause the humidity in fuel mixture that big fluctuation is arranged in this way, though this fluctuation may be inapparent to the adhesive-free compacting of this mixture itself, but especially the density to the fuel body is disadvantageous with grilling thoroughly characteristic, also be disadvantageous to calorific value thus, this calorific value it is believed that and be 4.8-5kWh/kg, and can be fuming during burning.
By the known a kind of fuel molding of DE 102004042659A1, by this method by with agricultural waste, be used to improve first kind of additive of calorific value and be used to reduce by second kind of additive that slag forms be mixed into substance mixture, and then make this substance mixture be molded into molding and prepare.The primary waste that wherein utilizes grain harvest is as agricultural waste and first kind of additive of residual product effect that utilizes this cereal processing and the second kind of additive that utilizes lime to form as the reduction slag.
This fuel body composition mainly is made up of the cane and the residual product of cereal processing, so that it is the same to be similar to pure cane burning, this combustion processes divides 4 stages to carry out, be to be the moisture volatilization fs, subordinate phase is gasification, wherein form the inflammable gas that contains a certain amount of carbon, hydrogen, methane and other hydrocarbon, the phase III is gaseous combustion, and the quadravalence section is the coke residue burning.In this combustion processes, always to guarantee the input of enough oxygen, from guaranteeing perfect combustion, and prevent to form relatively large carbon monoxide rather than carbonic acid gas of discharging into the atmosphere with stack gas.As is known, the input of the oxygen of this q.s is to realize by the so-called excess air that surpasses the required combustion air of theory.So this excess air has increased the amount that enters the stack gas in the atmosphere, the amount of this stack gas also contains a small amount of ash particle, superfine dust and an alkali metal salt in this combustion method, and these components have been brought extra burden to environment.This required excess air also causes this fuel only can use in the combustion equipment of guaranteeing excess air in addition.
But compare with the fuel that may compare, can not obviously improve calorific value, promptly it is believed that closely, be about 5.0kWh/kg with the calorific value of timber with this fuel body.
In addition, the ash of the fuel of forming by agricultural raw material since mineral parts for example silicate (its known have low fusing point) also can produce some problems.As noted, ℃ following this ash can be viscosity in temperature≤600, and this just causes the bonding of slag formation and grate, and this is very disadvantageous to less boiler particularly.Though it can be that lime reduces by described additive that slag forms, and can not prevent for a long time.
The objective of the invention is to improve in the following way the aforementioned fuel of making by renewable organic detritus and/or raw material, this fuel can use in various combustion equipment, under the situation of being fuming more on a small quantity, have improved characteristic and the higher calorific value grilled thoroughly, when burning, almost do not have carbon black and nothing discharging and have grey softening temperature, prevent that for a long time slag from forming and preventing for a long time thus the bonding of grate, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method, and this method is energy-conservation when moving continuously and guarantees that the fuel quality that keeps identical is arranged.
The objective of the invention is to realize that by the compressed fuel made by renewable organic detritus and/or raw material this fuel mixture is made up of following:
The humidity of-72-83 weight % is incendivity organic detritus and/or the raw material of 8-20%
Being used to of-15-25 weight % improve the natural organic oil of calorific value and/or fat and
Being used to of-2-3 weight % improved ash fusion point and as the Sodium peroxoborate of oxygenate.
Find that unexpectedly fuel composition can prepare from organic compressed fuel thus, it is about 6.8kWh/kg obviously improving calorific value of grilling thoroughly characteristic (Durchbrandverhalt) under, and this calorific value is apparently higher than by compressing cane; Timber; The calorific value of the fuel that timber/cane is made, and even can be similar to the thermal value range of liquid gas (fl ü ssigkeitsgas).
Can remove interpolation starch natural or modification from known natural oil and/or fats portion with good adhesion characteristics, and the formation of the ash during can suppressing to burn, so that the stack gas of discharging does not contain meticulous dust.
By common known Sodium peroxoborate part of emitting its oxygen level (about 9.9%) when the heating continuously, can make combustion processes need not under the extra excess air also consistently and have enough oxygen partly to support until the perfect combustion of fuel body.So this fuel is suitable for all burner hearths that can not guarantee extra excess air.Or rather, avoided dying fire (Schwelbrand) fully by the successive that disengages during Sodium peroxoborate in heating and enough oxygen parts, the stack gas of this dying fire may be loaded with the carbon monoxide of rising.
In addition, Sodium peroxoborate can be transformed into the oxo borate and be anhydrous when heating, so that grey softening temperature can be brought up to about 815-1098 ℃.Under this ash softening temperature, ash no longer is a viscosity, consequently can get rid of slag formation and bond on grate with it.
Advantageously, this mixture contains the vulkacit H by total mass 0.4-0.6%.Vulkacit H helps the igniting of this fuel, and obviously helps the acceleration burnup of this fuel and reduce carbon black.
If this mixture contains the xylogen by total mass 1.0-1.5%, then also be favourable.Xylogen helps the curing of compressed fuel, and is not almost staying or only staying slight objectionable impurities after the burning in stack gas or ash.
Be further to improve grey softening temperature, the water-soluble additive of 3% other powder additive or pH value 〉=7 is to improve grey softening temperature more than also can being added in this mixture by the total mass of fuel mixture.
These additives are borax or Starso or eight boric acid trisodiums or zinc borate or tertiary sodium phosphate or ammonium sulfate or be suitable for improving the similar chemical substance of grey softening temperature preferably.
The preferably all types of cereal canes of used organic detritus and/or raw material, sugarcane, bamboo, cotton plant, jute, sisal hemp, hemp, ramie, straw, rice husk, Chinese reed, napier grass, flax, coconut husk, mestha or alfa.Combine with the composition of described compressed fuel with this class residue and raw material and can realize much at one calorific value, but also can prepare fuel closely knit and compression with good accountability.
The organic detritus of mixture and/or raw material part also can be made up of the organic detritus of 50-58 weight % and/or the rapeseed cake of raw material and 22-25 weight %.This mixture partly helps the economy preparation of described fuel, this calorific value can advantageously further improve by the irreducible oil cost by the richness that keeps in rapeseed cake simultaneously, and this irreducible oil content may be different levels according to the method therefor difference by Semen Brassicae campestris system oil.In addition, if because the high protein content of rapeseed cake is unavailable when making the animal feed, this is again simultaneously the disposal method of a kind of not only economic but also eco-friendly rapeseed cake.
But the natural organic oil of mixture and/or fats portion also can be by the natural organic oil of 13-21 weight % and/or the potato spirit of fat and 2-4 weight % in this fuel
Form.
In the case, potato spirit be ethanol or more the homologue of higher alcohols such as amylalcohol be favourable.Because as known, potato spirit reduces the viscosity of oil ﹠ fat, so use the mixture of being made up of oil and/or fat/potato spirit can help the infiltration of organic raw material.So it is this price of fuel can be owing to the favourable potato spirit of cost helps the human consumer, harmless or also do not allow stack gas extra load objectionable impurities to the calorific value of combustion processes or fuel simultaneously.
Fuel particularly at uncovered burner hearth as fuel used in fireplace, this mixture that is used to suppress this fuel can contain the smell modifying agent by tank gauge 1.5-3 weight % usually.
This smell modifying agent preferably is dissolved in the ether oil that contains of oil, as Pinus pumilio oil, Syzygium aromaticum stem oil
Or citrus oil
Or forest perfume oil
This class smell modifying agent can be sneaked in the oil, and shows that the content of counting 1.5-3 weight % by oil mass has no adverse effect to fuel combustion and exhaust gas discharged.
If contain air in the mixture, so also be favourable by total mixture 1.5-3 weight %.
This air is the Sodium Lauryl Sulphate BP/USP soluble in water or the sodium lauryl sulphate of powdery Sodium Lauryl Sulphate BP/USP or sodium lauryl sulphate or pH value 〉=7 preferably.
The air of pH value 〉=7 is nontoxic and biodegradable, and has on the one hand additionally improved and to help the incendiary oxygen level in the fuel, and it contains end capped tensio-active agent on the other hand, and it has improved the infiltration of organic detritus and/or raw material.
Used organic detritus and/or raw material preferably natural weathering at using (anwendungsgerecht) new raw material or old raw material such as grey cane (grauesStroh) through depositing.
Under this class raw material condition, be contained in organic detritus and/or the raw material and boiler plant had corrosive nature or has the material of the chemistry of disadvantageous effect and partial corrosion such as silicate, chlorine, potassium etc. partly to decompose by weathering to combustion processes and ash.
For decomposing the material of this chemistry and partial corrosion, but used organic detritus and/or raw material are also manually at using aged residue and/or raw material.
Be temper(ing), in organic detritus and/or raw material, add by the UV absorption agent of preferred pH value 〉=7 of the quality 0.1-0.3 weight % of organic detritus and/or raw material part or preferably pH value 〉=7 promotion aged UV additive or with this organic detritus of UV-radiation pre-treatment and/or raw material.The time of weathering process can be restricted to very shortly thus, can save and be used for by the long-time aged of weathering storage area, and the preparation technology of this fuel can move economically.
For realizing the improved perviousness of organic detritus and/or raw material,, be favourable so if make the organic detritus and/or the mixture of raw material and oil part that is metered into and/or fats portion or the fuel mixture that has mixed stand the vacuum impregnation processing.From the hole of organic detritus and/or raw material, extract the gas (air) that exists out with this method, and significantly increase this residue and/or raw material thus oil and/or fatty admissibility.Therefore help pressing process and combustion processes, and this compressed fuel there are higher density and stability.
For improving perviousness,, be particularly advantageous so if this fuel mixture contains the surfactant additive by pH value 〉=7 of oil part and/or fats portion 1-5 weight %.
It is favourable sneaking into the tensio-active agent that is selected from the group that is made up of the tensio-active agent of both sexes (ampholytisch) or facultative (amphoter), and the preferred lipid acid that is selected from from Oleum Cocois or plam oil or leprosy fruit oil that uses is as the both sexes on basis or facultative tensio-active agent.
Show unexpectedly, can reduce the surface tension of this residue and/or raw material greatly with tensio-active agent, make this organic detritus be high permeability, so that under adding tensio-active agent situation, can remove the addition of vacuum dipping that carries out raw material-oil-mixture or fuel mixture from.Therefore can the obvious preparation process that realizes this fuel more economically.
In addition, the tensio-active agent of pH value 〉=7 is in alkaline range, cause rather than hazardous material (fluids), particularly contain Oleum Cocois, plam oil or leprosy fruit oil as the both sexes on basis or facultative tensio-active agent can be easy to and fast through biological decomposition, and help the burning of this fuel and waste gas is had no adverse effect.
Combustion experiment also shows, can reach about 6.8kWh/kg and bigger calorific value with the fuel mixture ground that contains tensio-active agent, and this fuel shows good no dust too and grills thoroughly characteristic and smokeless combustion.More definite theory, the experiment in addition shown, can detect the objectionable impurities that can measure hardly in the waste gas during this fuel combustion.
In addition advantageously, this fuel mixture preferably is pressed into molding under the pressure of 200-250bar
Can reach high accountability and the high-density and the stability of this material with this pressure.
In addition, if the additive of all uses then also is favourable all in alkaline range (pH value 〉=7) and nontoxicity and biodegradable.Can guarantee that thus this fuel does not contain burning and the time can cause corrosive corrosion component, and the ash of this fuel can successfully be the environmental friendliness mode and disposes.
Adopt a kind of method to prepare compressed fuel among the present invention, by this method by organic detritus and/or raw material
-be that the organic detritus of 8-20% and/or raw material purify removing impurity, ash and waste material separately or with form of mixtures to humidity, and pulverize,
-will be somebody's turn to do residue through pulverizing and/or raw material through the waste gas filter ash disposal and waiting that with respect to other mixing the predetermined per-cent of material part is metered in mixing equipment and the metering outfit,
-to partly being metered into temperature and being separately or with oil part and/or fats portion blended air and/or potato spirit and/or improve the liquid portion of the material of ash fusion point for 〉=60 ℃ oil part and/or fats portion and with the aqueous solution by being metered into residue in mixing equipment and the metering outfit and/or raw material
-then be separately with powdery or premix be metered into Sodium peroxoborate and/or vulkacit H and/or xylogen and/or improve the material of ash fusion point and/or the powder of air and/or particulate state part and
-in mixing equipment and metering outfit, fuel element is mixed into even fuel mixture afterwards, and should send in the granulation press to even fuel mixture metering, in this granulation press, preferably be pressed into the fuel body with 200-250bar pressure.
Can prepare fuel by fuel mixture in successive processes by this method, this fuel mixture has identical composition of the maintenance of this fuel material and controlled constant humidity, and does not contain incombustible component.
By the oil part and/or the fats portion of the temperature that is metered into 〉=60 ℃, this oil part and/or fats portion have the viscosity of guaranteeing this organic detritus and/or raw material good adhesion.Or rather, by suppress fuel mixture under preferred 200-250bar pressure, suppress very high-density and stable fuel, this is particularly conducive to and makes the characteristic of grilling thoroughly of this fuel body keep identical until perfect combustion.
This liquid state and water-soluble material optionally separately or mutually premix be metered in residue and/or the raw material part with this powdery or the also optionally independent or mutual premix of granulous material box-likely box-likely.Important only is, at first is metered into this liquid state or water-soluble material, is metered into this powdery or granulous material then.
By a favourable scheme of this method, this residue and/or raw material intermediate storage through pulverizing and dedusting also is transported in mixing equipment and the metering outfit to metering in the metering feed bin.If add at residue and/or raw material thus and maybe the fuel of pulverizing do not had fault to be got rid of, then this method trouble-free operation for a long time when air is transported to waste gas filter or when raw material is carried man-hour.
If use the organic detritus and/or the raw material (as gray straw) of weather aging to implement this method, this also is favourable so.As described in, this class residue and/or raw material only also contain the material of a small amount of chemistry and partial corrosion such as silicate, chlorine, potassium etc., so that can significantly reduce by forming to the corrosive nature of combustion unit with to the detrimental action and the stack gas of combustion processes that these chemical substances cause.
By a particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention, this organic detritus and/or raw material through pulverizing in dedusting after the UV-radiation treatment, then in feed bin, stop aging for some time, or after dedusting, add promotion aged UV additive or UV absorption agent, and then in feed bin, stop aging for some time by this residue and/or raw material 0.1-0.3 weight % to this organic detritus and/or raw material through pulverizing.Can make residue and/or raw material with the shortest time temper(ing) thus, so that can remove from by the long-time of weathering and wearing out, and not need to be used for the required extra storage area of weathering of organic detritus and/or raw material thus.Therefore also guaranteed under need not adding, always can be provided for preparing the evenly aging raw material of fuel mixture to the control situation of ageing state.The quality fluctuation that can get rid of fuel thus.
The metering feed bin that is used for residue and/or raw material that the temper(ing) time is preferably utilized in method flow to be had, the storage capacity design of this metering feed bin will keep allowing this method carry out continuously under the digestion time.
By another particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention, oil part and/or the fats portion that is mixed with by the tensio-active agent of oil part and/or fats portion 1-5 weight % is transported in mixing equipment and the metering outfit.
Reduced the surface tension of this organic detritus and/or raw material and improved the permeability of this residue and/or raw material greatly with this mode, and the oil part and/or the fats portion that are metered into are infiltrated in residue part and/or the raw material part.The check of this compressed fuel body shows, should the oil part after this fuel mixture is repressed and/or fats portion fully evenly be combined in the fuel mixture.Can guarantee evenly grilling thoroughly of this compressed fuel by the uniform distribution of this material in fuel mixture.
If but with the oil part that is metered into and/or fats portion vacuum impregnation through pulverizing residue and/or raw material or come the substitution list surface-active agent at granulation initial vacuum this mixed uniformly fuel mixture of dipping, so also can reach similar effects.
If when this method of enforcement, residue and/or raw material through pulverizing are transported to waste gas filter with balanced humidity with the Hot air quilt air, be favourable so equally.Guarantee thus to measure add add in mixing equipment and the metering outfit and organic detritus and/or raw material through pulverizing always have almost constant humidity.
By another advantageous embodiment of the present invention, for the per-cent that keeps this fuel mixture is formed, this unit of quantity that is metered into oil in mixing equipment and the metering outfit and/or fat, this liquid state and powdery or particulate matter regulates with volume or weight according to being added to the residue in mixing equipment and the metering outfit and/or the quality that is metered into of raw material.When appearring in the metering quality of guaranteeing this residue and/or raw material thus, fluctuation always guarantees to be used for the predetermined percentage of the material of fuel mixture.
To provide may the forming of fuel mixture for preparing compressed fuel by the inventive method with embodiment below.
Fuel mixture (1) is made up of following prescription:
75% humidity is about 12% straw, its with UV-radiation pre-treatment carrying out temper(ing),
20.5% plam oil,
3% Sodium peroxoborate,
The tensio-active agent of the group that is selected from both sexes or amphoterics composition of 1.5% pH value 〉=7.
For preparing this fuel mixture, utilize straw through the irradiated pulverizing of UV-, it is through artificially-aged thus.Be metered into after aging be heated to 〉=60 ℃ contain the tensio-active agent of sneaking into and the plam oil part of Sodium peroxoborate part.
Fuel mixture (2) is made up of following prescription:
77.8% the bagasse of sugarcane through evenly squeezing,
17.4% soya-bean oil,
2% Sodium peroxoborate,
The vulkacit H of 0.5% conduct igniting auxiliary agent,
The tensio-active agent that is selected from the group that forms by both sexes or amphoterics of 2.1% pH value 〉=7 and
The promotion aged UV additive of 0.2% pH value 〉=7 or the UV absorption agent of pH value 〉=7.
For preparing this fuel mixture, use the bagasse of pulverizing, wherein be added with promotion aged UV additive or UV absorption agent part, it is through artificially-aged thus.Be metered in this bagasse through aging back be heated to 〉=60 ℃ contain the surface active agent composition and the Sodium peroxoborate soya-bean oil part partly of sneaking into.
Fuel mixture (3) is made up of following prescription:
49.75% hemp fibre,
25% vegetable seed oil cake through oil expression,
20.9% sunflower oil,
2% Sodium peroxoborate,
1.2% powdery xylogen,
The tensio-active agent that is selected from the group that forms by both sexes or amphoterics of 1.0% pH value 〉=7 and
The promotion aged UV additive of 0.15% pH value 〉=7 or the UV absorption agent of pH value 〉=7.
For preparing this fuel mixture, use the hemp fibre of pulverizing, wherein be added with promotion aged UV additive or UV absorption agent part, it is through artificially-aged thus.Be metered in hemp fibre through aging back be heated to 〉=60 ℃ contain the tensio-active agent part and the Sodium peroxoborate sunflower oil part partly of sneaking into, and then be metered into powdery xylogen part.
Fuel mixture (4) is made up of following prescription:
75.75% straw,
12.9% Semen Lactucae sativae oil and/or Yatall MA,
2% Sodium peroxoborate,
4% potato spirit,
1.8% zinc borate,
The tensio-active agent that is selected from the group that forms by both sexes or amphoterics of 3,3% pH value 〉=7 and
The promotion aged UV additive of 0.25% pH value 〉=7 or the UV absorption agent of pH value 〉=7.
For preparing this fuel mixture, use the straw of pulverizing, wherein be added with promotion aged UV additive or UV absorption agent part, it is through artificially-aged thus.Be metered into after aging be heated to 〉=60 ℃ contain the tensio-active agent part of sneaking into and potato spirit part from and Sodium peroxoborate part and the oily part of zinc borate Semen Lactucae sativae partly.
Fuel mixture (5) is made up of following prescription:
71.6% Chinese reed,
20.9% sweet oil,
3% the Sodium peroxoborate that is added with eight boric acid trisodiums (many boron),
The tensio-active agent that is selected from the group of forming by both sexes or amphoterics of 4.2% pH value 〉=7 and
The promotion aged UV additive of 0.3% pH value 〉=7 or the UV absorption agent of pH value 〉=7.
For preparing this fuel mixture, use the Chinese reed of pulverizing, wherein be added with promotion aged UV additive or UV absorption agent part, it is through artificially-aged thus.Be metered into after aging be heated to 〉=60 ℃ contain the tensio-active agent part and the Sodium peroxoborate sweet oil part partly of sneaking into.
Fuel mixture (6) is made up of following prescription:
80.4% gray rye bar,
11% linseed oil,
2.5% Sodium peroxoborate, it contains by total mass counts the mixture that 2% ammonium sulfate by about 0.6% borax, about 0.6% tertiary sodium phosphate and 0.8% that adds is formed,
The tensio-active agent that is selected from the group that forms by both sexes or amphoterics of 2.8% pH value 〉=7,
1.2% smell modifying agent and
2.1% air.
For preparing this fuel mixture, use the gray rye bar through pulverizing of weather aging, be heated to wherein being metered into 〉=60 ℃ the linseed oil that contains the tensio-active agent part of sneaking into partly and the Sodium peroxoborate of borax mixture partly, the gentle improving agent part of tertiary sodium phosphate.
Certainly in the fuel mixture of instructing design by the present invention, can comprise adding smell modifying agent and/or air, and be not limited to use the residue and/or the raw material condition of weather aging.
Be noted that, under the smell modifying agent situation that adds 1.5-3% per-cent, each oil part in fuel mixture and/or fats portion deduct the smell modifying agent of adding on percentage ratio amount, in contrast, under the air situation that adds 1.5-3% per-cent, preferably each organic detritus and/or raw material deduct the amount of the air of adding on percentage ratio.
The fuel mixture that also available a kind of technological method prepares every kind of described fuel mixture 2-6 and selects in addition, this organic detritus and/or raw material are through the UV-radiation aging, as described in the fuel mixture 1 in this technological method.
In these cases, can remove from and use promotion aged UV additive or UV absorption agent, and the per-cent of this organic detritus and/or raw material adds the per-cent of this promotion aged UV additive or UV absorption agent.
Certainly, also can utilize the promotion aged UV additive of pH value 〉=7 or the UV absorption agent of pH value 〉=7 to replace with UV-irradiation pre-treatment straw in the example of fuel 1, this straw partly deducts the per-cent part of UV additive or UV absorption agent in the case.
The use that promotes aged UV additive or UV absorption agent and the geographical position of the preparation facilities of fuel or used starting material are relevant, and decide as circumstances require when beginning to prepare fuel.
Residue that also can the weather aging by weathering and/or raw material replace described in an embodiment with UV-irradiation or with the temper(ing) of promotion aged UV additive or UV absorption agent.In the case, this residue and/or raw material partly increase the part of UV additive or UV absorption agent.
The aforementioned component of this fuel mixture is exemplary composition, therefore changes in each degree scope according to this organic detritus and/or property of raw material.The per-cent composition of this fuel mixture and the selection of substance or its combination (the degasification improving agent is outer) all with the kind of this organic detritus and/or raw material and characteristic with may be also relevant with the characteristic of the organic detritus of having handled, this residue should comprise the organic detritus of conduct from the waste material of other method.
Claims (34)
1. compressed fuel of being made by organic detritus and/or raw material, this compressed fuel contain and at least aly are used to improve calorific value and reduce the additive that slag forms, and it is characterized in that fuel mixture is made up of following:
The humidity of-72-83 weight % is incendivity organic detritus and/or the raw material of 8-20%,
Being used to of-15-25 weight % improve the natural organic oil of calorific value and/or fat and
Being used to of-2-3 weight % improved ash fusion point and as the Sodium peroxoborate of oxygenate.
2. the compressed fuel of claim 1 is characterized in that, described fuel mixture contains the vulkacit H by total mass 0.4-0.6.
3. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-2 is characterized in that, described fuel mixture contains the xylogen by total mass 1.0-1.5%.
4. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-3 is characterized in that, described fuel mixture contain by total mass at the most 3% other powder additive or the additive soluble in water of pH value 〉=7 to improve grey softening temperature.
5. the compressed fuel of claim 4 is characterized in that, described additive is borax or Starso or eight boric acid trisodiums or zinc borate or tertiary sodium phosphate or ammonium sulfate.
6. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that described organic detritus and/or raw material are all types of cereal canes, sugarcane, bamboo, cotton plant, jute, sisal hemp, hemp, ramie, straw, rice husk, Chinese reed, napier grass, flax, coconut husk, mestha or alfa.
7. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-6 is characterized in that, the organic detritus of described fuel mixture and/or raw material partly contain the organic detritus of 50-58 weight % and/or the rapeseed cake of raw material and 22-25 weight %.
8. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-7 is characterized in that, the natural organic oil of fuel mixture and/or fats portion contain the natural organic oil of 3-21 weight % and/or the potato spirit of fat and 2-4 weight %.
9. the compressed fuel of claim 9 is characterized in that, described potato spirit is the ethanol or the homologue of higher alcohols such as amylalcohol more.
10. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-9 is characterized in that, described fuel mixture contains by the oil smell modifying agent of 1.5-3 weight % partly.
11. the compressed fuel of claim 10 is characterized in that, described smell modifying agent is oil-soluble ether oil that contains.
12. the compressed fuel of claim 11 is characterized in that, the described ether oil that contains is Pinus pumilio oil or Syzygium aromaticum stem oil or citrus oil or forest perfume oil.
13. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-12 is characterized in that, described fuel mixture contains the air by the total mass 1.5-3 weight % of this fuel mixture.
14. the compressed fuel of claim 13 is characterized in that, described air is the Sodium Lauryl Sulphate BP/USP soluble in water or the sodium lauryl sulphate of powdery Sodium Lauryl Sulphate BP/USP or sodium lauryl sulphate or pH value 〉=7.
15. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-14 is characterized in that, described organic detritus and/or raw material are weather agings and at new raw material through depositing or the old raw material used, as gray cane.
16. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-14 is characterized in that, with described organic detritus and/or raw material at answering the land used temper(ing).
17. the compressed fuel of claim 16 is characterized in that, is temper(ing), adds UV absorption agent or promotion aged UV additive by organic detritus and/or raw materials quality 0.1-0.3 weight % in organic detritus and/or raw material.
18. the compressed fuel of claim 16 is characterized in that, is temper(ing), used organic detritus and/or raw material are through UV-radiation pre-treatment.
19. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-18 is characterized in that, through pulverize and dust separating residue and/or raw material partly not partly and/or fats portion carries out vacuum impregnation or the fuel mixture that mixed stands vacuum impregnation before granulation with the oil that is metered into.
20. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-18 is characterized in that, described fuel mixture contains by the oil surfactant additive of pH value 〉=7 of 1-5 weight % partly.
21. the compressed fuel of claim 20 is characterized in that, the tensio-active agent of sneaking into is selected from the group that is made up of both sexes or facultative tensio-active agent.
22. the compressed fuel of claim 21 is characterized in that, the lipid acid basis that is preferably selected from Oleum Cocois or plam oil or leprosy fruit oil is as both sexes or facultative tensio-active agent.
23. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-22 is characterized in that, the oil part of described adding and/or temperature 〉=60 of fats portion ℃.
24. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-23 is characterized in that, described fuel preferably is pressed into the fuel body by the pressure of 200-250bar.
25. the compressed fuel of one of claim 1-20 is characterized in that, all additives all at alkaline range (pH value 〉=7), be nontoxic with biodegradable.
26. a method that is used for by the compressed fuel of one of organic detritus and/or feedstock production claim 1-23 is characterized in that,
-be that the organic detritus of 8-20% and raw material purify getting rid of impurity, dust and waste material separately or with form of mixtures to humidity, and pulverize,
-will be somebody's turn to do residue through pulverizing and raw material through the waste gas filter ash disposal and waiting that with respect to other mixing the predetermined per-cent of material part is metered in mixing equipment and the metering outfit,
Be metered into the oil part and/or the fats portion of temperature 〉=60 ℃ in-residue in being metered into mixing equipment and metering outfit and the raw material part, and be separately or with oil part and/or fats portion blended air and/or potato spirit and/or improve the liquid part of the material of ash fusion point with aqueous solution form
-then be separately with powdery or premix be metered into Sodium peroxoborate and/or vulkacit H and/or xylogen and/or improve the material of ash fusion point and/or the powdery of air and/or granular part and
-in mixing equipment and metering outfit, fuel element is mixed into even fuel mixture afterwards, and should be transported in the granulation press to even fuel mixture metering, in this granulation press, preferably be pressed into the fuel body with 200-250bar pressure.
27. the method for claim 26 is characterized in that, through pulverizing and dust separating residue and/or raw material warp intermediate storage in the metering feed bin, and is transported in mixing equipment and the metering outfit with measuring.
28. the method for one of claim 26-27 is characterized in that, uses the organic detritus and/or the feedstock production fuel of weather aging.
29. the method for one of claim 26-27, it is characterized in that, this organic detritus and/or raw material through pulverizing in dedusting after UV-irradiation shine, then in feed bin, stop aging for some time, perhaps alternatively, after dedusting, add promotion aged UV additive or UV absorption agent, and then in feed bin, stop aging for some time by the quality 0.1-0.3 weight % of this residue and/or raw material to this organic detritus and/or raw material through pulverizing.
30. the method for one of claim 26-29 is characterized in that, at temper(ing) time utilization metering feed bin, the storage volume design of this metering feed bin will keep allowing to make this method to carry out continuously under the digestion time.
31. the method for one of claim 26-28 is characterized in that, tensio-active agent oil part and/or the fats portion partly that is mixed with by oil part and/or fats portion 1-5 weight % is transported in mixing equipment and the metering outfit.
32. the method for one of claim 26-28 is characterized in that, described through pulverizing residue and/or the oil part that is metered into of raw material and/or fats portion vacuum impregnation or this mixed uniformly fuel mixture before granulation through vacuum impregnation.
33. the method for one of claim 26-32 is characterized in that, residue and/or raw material through pulverizing are transported to waste gas filter with balanced humidity by the Hot air quilt air.
34. the method for one of claim 26-33, it is characterized in that, for the per-cent that keeps described fuel mixture is formed, this metering that is metered into liquid state in mixing equipment and the metering outfit and powdery or particulate matter adds that unit of quantity adds residue in mixing equipment and the metering outfit to according to metering and/or the quality of raw material is regulated with volume or weight.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200620014651 DE202006014651U1 (en) | 2006-09-22 | 2006-09-22 | Fuel based on compressed renewable organic raw materials and/or agricultural waste for producing energy, especially thermal energy, industrially and in private sector contains natural oil and/or fat and sodium perborate |
| DE202006014651.2 | 2006-09-22 | ||
| DE202007012865.7 | 2007-09-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101595205A true CN101595205A (en) | 2009-12-02 |
Family
ID=37650867
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007800434668A Pending CN101595205A (en) | 2006-09-22 | 2007-09-21 | Compressed fuel of making by renewable organic detritus and/or raw material and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101595205A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE202006014651U1 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA94481C2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102712860A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2012-10-03 | 株式会社创造 | Solid fuel |
| CN102725384A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2012-10-10 | 株式会社创造 | Solid fuel |
| CN102776051A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-11-14 | 湖南省鑫旺节能环保科技有限公司 | Efficient and environment-friendly coal additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102977967A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-03-20 | 常州大学 | Preparation method of waste oil impregnated biomass fuel |
| CN103131499A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-06-05 | 仇峰 | Black liquid bamboo charcoal and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103773541A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-05-07 | 江苏集贤绿色化学科技研究院有限公司 | Environment-friendly and energy-saving biological fuel |
| WO2015010232A1 (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-01-29 | 唐锋机电科技（深圳）有限公司 | Coco peat fuel and preparation method therefor |
| CN106281547A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽翔丰再生能源有限公司 | Environment-friendly type sawdust based biomass granule that a kind of desulphurizing ratio is high and preparation method thereof |
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| CA2674339A1 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-10 | Jayson A. Bexell | Flax based fuel pellet and method of manufacture |
| ITAP20070004A1 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-08-03 | Franco Caucci | PELLETS - ENERGY AGRO-ECOLOGICAL PRODUCTIONS |
| GB2450155A (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-17 | Renewable Energy Suppliers Ltd | Combustible fuel |
| FR2951455B1 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2012-08-31 | Pop In | COMBUSTIBLE COMPOSITION, ESPECIALLY FOR IGNITION OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS, LIGHTING DEVICE HAVING SUCH A COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUCH A COMPOSITION |
| WO2011099009A2 (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2011-08-18 | Cohen David | Biomass waste recycling composition and method |
| CZ306752B6 (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2017-06-14 | Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze | Fuel based on the residue from processing sugar sorghum |
| ES2387975B1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2013-10-30 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING MULTIFUNCTIONAL AND RENEWABLE MATERIALS FROM THE REJECTION OF PIPE FROM THE PRODUCTION OF SUNFLOWER OIL. |
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-
2006
- 2006-09-22 DE DE200620014651 patent/DE202006014651U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2007
- 2007-09-21 CN CNA2007800434668A patent/CN101595205A/en active Pending
- 2007-09-21 UA UAA200903960A patent/UA94481C2/en unknown
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102712860A (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2012-10-03 | 株式会社创造 | Solid fuel |
| CN102725384A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2012-10-10 | 株式会社创造 | Solid fuel |
| CN103131499A (en) * | 2011-11-25 | 2013-06-05 | 仇峰 | Black liquid bamboo charcoal and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102776051A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-11-14 | 湖南省鑫旺节能环保科技有限公司 | Efficient and environment-friendly coal additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102776051B (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2013-10-16 | 湖南省鑫旺节能环保科技有限公司 | Efficient and environment-friendly coal additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102977967A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-03-20 | 常州大学 | Preparation method of waste oil impregnated biomass fuel |
| WO2015010232A1 (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-01-29 | 唐锋机电科技（深圳）有限公司 | Coco peat fuel and preparation method therefor |
| CN103773541A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-05-07 | 江苏集贤绿色化学科技研究院有限公司 | Environment-friendly and energy-saving biological fuel |
| CN103773541B (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2015-08-19 | 江苏集贤绿色化学科技研究院有限公司 | A kind of biofuel of environmental protection and energy saving |
| CN106281547A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽翔丰再生能源有限公司 | Environment-friendly type sawdust based biomass granule that a kind of desulphurizing ratio is high and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE202006014651U1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
| UA94481C2 (en) | 2011-05-10 |
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Application publication date: 20091202 |