CN101589259A - 接头 - Google Patents

接头 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101589259A
CN101589259A CNA2007800444316A CN200780044431A CN101589259A CN 101589259 A CN101589259 A CN 101589259A CN A2007800444316 A CNA2007800444316 A CN A2007800444316A CN 200780044431 A CN200780044431 A CN 200780044431A CN 101589259 A CN101589259 A CN 101589259A
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Prior art keywords
hole
glue
charging
female part
joint
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CN101589259B (zh
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T·舍尔塞斯
B·梅尔夫
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Mirador AS
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Mirador AS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/54—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts
    • B29C65/542—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive between pre-assembled parts by injection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/324—Avoiding burr formation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/32—Measures for keeping the burr form under control; Avoiding burr formation; Shaping the burr
    • B29C66/324—Avoiding burr formation
    • B29C66/3242—Avoiding burr formation on the inside of a tubular or hollow article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/342—Preventing air-inclusions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52291—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
    • B29C66/52292—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being internal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52—Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52296—Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising sealing elements, e.g. gaskets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B29C66/5344—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length, e.g. joining flanges to tube ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
    • F16L13/10—Adhesive or cemented joints
    • F16L13/11—Adhesive or cemented joints using materials which fill the space between parts of a joint before hardening
    • F16L13/116—Adhesive or cemented joints using materials which fill the space between parts of a joint before hardening for socket pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L47/00—Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics
    • F16L47/02—Welded joints; Adhesive joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B29C66/73941—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset characterised by the materials of both parts being thermosets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/10—Thermosetting resins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S285/00—Pipe joints or couplings
    • Y10S285/919—Resinous

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

连接件，包括形式为插头的第一部件(1)和形式为插孔的第二部件(2)，插头部件可进入插孔部件，从而在插头部件和插孔部件的相对面之间形成了环形孔隙(3)，其中沿着所述部件的轴向方向的环形孔隙由内侧的内限制件(4)和外侧的外限制件(5)分界，从插孔部件的外表面至孔隙(3)设置有用于将胶水注入到该孔隙内的进料通孔(6)，从所述孔隙至插孔部件的外表面设置有用于在以胶水填充孔隙时进行通风和胶水泄漏的进料通孔(7)，其中区别特征在于，与用于注入胶水的进料通孔(6)相比，用于通风和胶水泄漏的进料通孔(7)设置成更靠近所述孔隙的外侧。

Description

接头
技术领域
本发明涉及形式为插头的第一部件和形式为插孔的第二部件之间的接头，所述部件通过胶水永久性地连接在一起。这些部件最好为管件或配件。
背景技术
胶水特别适于连接不可焊接的材料部件，例如增强热固性聚合物材料，例如纤维增强聚合物(FRP)管道或管道配件。
在公开专利NO311272中描述了一种胶接接头和连接方法。更特别的，接头是通过将两个物体胶接在一起形成的，其中至少一个物体包括能与其它物体螺接或设置到其他物体上的管道成形连接部分，区别特征在于，在该物体和第一物体的管道成形连接部分之间形成了分界孔隙，以及第一孔从管道成形连接部分的外表面延伸至所述孔隙，通过该第一孔隙，胶水可被压入到所述孔隙内。所述公开文本还描述了按上述方向形成的接头，通过将两个物体连接在一起，至少一个物体是管形或在连接部分的区域内形成的管道，并被设置成通过使用所述部分螺接到另一个物体上，区别特征在于，当管道成形部分被设置在所述物体上时，通过封闭形成在管道成形部分和另一个物体之间的开口，在所述物体之间形成分界孔隙或空间，并且经形成在管道成形连接部分内的第一孔压入胶水，以便以胶水填充孔隙。
NO311272的胶接接头被证明是非常成功的，并且人们发现它特别适用于具有相对中等尺寸的管道系统，例如气动系统，喷灌系统，冷却系统，用于平和化学制品的系统，排水，供水以及清洁系统。对于这种管道系统来说，安装劳力占整个成本的约80％，而部件成本仅占约20％。已经发现，根据NO311272的带有胶接接头的管道系统可削减一半的安装成本，这是因为其安装被极大简化了。特别地，所使用的管道是由玻璃纤维和乙烯基酯制成的，连接部件通常由酚醛树脂和玻璃纤维制成，而胶水通常是环氧化物，例如环氧树脂。
但是，NO311272的胶接接头的一个实施例特别需要确保目标质量。所述实施例示于图3中(相应于NO311272的图2)，包括两个通风孔或减压孔14，其中一个通风孔靠近孔隙的内侧，另一个通风孔靠近孔隙的外侧。在这里，内侧指的是更深入接头，即最靠近插头部件9的端部的孔隙侧部。通过安装指向孔13的喷胶枪，胶水被注入到孔隙10内并完全充满，之后进一步注入的胶水将从通风孔14漏出。已经发现，在安装时必需特别观察胶水从两个通风孔，特别是内部通风孔的大量渗出。如果胶水没有很好地充满内部通风孔，那么按照公开专利NO311272的图2所示那样，在带胶接接头管道系统内可能会出现流体泄露。这是因为管道系统内的压力流体将跟随管道部件9和8之间的界面，并且如果流体具有足够的压力，它贯穿密封件11并到达内部通风孔14。在图3中，泄露通道一箭头L表示。因此需要一种相对于上述问题非常安全的接头，本发明的目的就是提供这样的一种接头。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种连接件，包括形式为插头的第一部件和形式为插孔的第二部件，插头可进入插孔，从而在插头和插孔之间的界面形成了环形孔隙，其中沿着所述部件的轴向方向的环形孔隙由内侧的内限制件和外侧的外限制件分界，从插孔的外表面至所述孔隙设置有用于将胶水注入到该孔隙内的进料通孔，从所述孔隙至插孔的外表面设置有用于在以胶水填充孔隙时进行通风和胶水泄漏的进料通孔。该接头的区别特征在于，与用于注入胶水的进料通孔相比，用于通风和胶水泄漏的进料通孔设置成更靠近孔隙外侧。
其中内侧指的是沿着插头部件的纵轴更深入到插孔部件的开口内的侧部。而分界物指的是密封垫或密封件，或者是孔隙端部或遮蔽在壁上的支座。插头部件和插孔部件指的是被形成或成形为这样的两个部件，即插头可进入到插孔部件的互补形的开口内，它们的尺寸具有相应的差异，这样可容易地实现连接。插头部件的外径或宽度与插孔部件的开口之间的尺寸差通常为0.15mm或更大，并且形式为密封垫或密封件的分界物可适应于具有相对大的尺寸差。插头部件和插头部件的开口的连接优选具有圆形横截面，但也不必是这样的，因为该横截面可具有任何形状。与用于注入胶水的进料通孔相比，用于通风和胶水泄露的进料通孔设置成更靠近孔隙的外侧，这意味着，与用于注入胶水的进料通孔相比，连接至用于通风和胶水泄露的孔隙的流体更靠近插孔部件的接收开口。优选地，设置一个用于注入胶水的进料通孔，以及一个用于通风和胶水泄露的进料通孔。但是，可设置多个用于通风和胶水泄露的进料通孔，与用于注入胶水的进料通孔相比，它们均应更靠近所述外侧设置。
在优选实施例中，环形孔隙的横截面为不对称形，这样，其较大的高度更朝向内侧，而不是外侧。在这里，高度指的是从插头部件的纵轴起始的径向尺寸，这样，较大的高度提供了较大的孔隙空间和较大的横截面积，以用于孔隙空间内的胶水的流动。
孔隙可由插头部件和插孔部件之间的尺寸差异形成，但最优选形成为插头部件，插孔部件或该两种部件内的凹槽形式。最优选地，设置有用于插孔部件内的孔隙的凹槽，因为插孔部件通常是与具有相应尺寸切割管端部连接的连接部件。
用于注入胶水和用于通风及胶水泄露的进料通孔优选呈直径相对状设置在圆周周围，以确保填充孔隙的胶水仅在孔隙充满胶水后到达用于通风及胶水泄露的进料通孔。
分界物优选呈密封垫形式，优选为O形圈，但也可以为密封垫或密封件形式，配备有具有除圆形横截面之外的不同横截面的弹簧和密封垫。
插头部件优选是FRP管，插孔部件优选是FRP管接头部件(FRP-插座)。
附图说明
本发明及其主要问题以三副附图来表示，其中：
图1示出了根据本发明的接头，
图2a和2b示出了通过胶水来填充根据本发明的接头的孔隙，
图3是专利公开文本NO311272中的图2，示出了现有技术以及本发明的主要问题。
具体实施方式
首先参照图1，示出了根据本发明的接头。该接头包括形式为插头的第一部件1和形式为插孔的第二部件2，插头部件可进入插孔部件，并且因此在插头部件和插孔部件之间的交界处形成了环形孔隙3。该环形孔隙沿着插头部件和插孔部件的轴向方向，所述插头部件和插孔部件由内侧的内限制件4和外侧的外限制件5分界。而且，从插孔部件的外表面至孔隙3设置有用于将胶水注入到孔隙的进料通孔6，还设置有在以胶水填充孔隙时用于通风和胶水泄漏的进料通孔7。从图中可明显看出，与用于注入胶水的进料通孔6相比，用于通风和胶水泄漏的进料通孔7设置在更靠近外侧的地方。其中外侧指的是更靠近插头部件进入插孔部件的开口的地方。
从图1中可清楚地看出，由于环形孔隙为不对称形状，朝向内侧比朝向外侧的环形孔隙具有更大的高度。
而且，参照图2a和2b，详细示出了本发明的优点。更特别地，从平行于图1的进料通孔7的轴线看去，可以看到两个环形孔隙3。该图还示出了根据本发明的接头的胶接，即，以胶水填充孔隙3，以便将插头部件和插孔部件胶接在一起。在附图中，所示通风进料通孔或孔7垂直进入纸面。通过进料通孔6(图2a中未示出)以喷胶枪等注入胶水，图2a中的环形孔隙3几乎被完全充满。以附图标记8示出的前面的胶水在环形孔隙周围移动并将其充满，其中移动方向以箭头10表示。该孔隙空间仅具有一个通风进料通孔7。胶缝或接头的几何形状是不对称的，这样，胶接接头在一侧更深一些，而前面的胶水移动地更快一些并且在所述侧面上首先会合，其中环形孔隙的高度在所述侧面上更大一些，该侧面即位于环形孔隙3的内侧。这是紧靠密封垫或限制件4的侧面。胶水的流动是不对称的，这是因为环形孔隙越高流动阻力越低。不久之后，胶水朝前会合，这样，环形孔隙充满胶水并且形成了胶接接头，这示于图2b中。但是，其结果将会是存在一个或两个小的区域或体积不会被完全充满，即，前面的胶水8内的体积分别朝向内限制件4和外限制件5。所述区域将包含空气孔隙，并且在喷胶枪的压力释放后，空气孔隙区域内的胶水将重新分配，这在图2b中以点划线9表示。形成一个或两个空气孔隙的原因在于胶水继续从通风进料通孔流出，而不是完全填充环形孔隙。根据本发明的具有接头的管道系统内的压力流体将在胶接接头的内侧上产生作用力或施加压力，这意味着将越过限制件或分界物4。但是，本发明在内侧上不具有通风进料通孔，而仅仅是朝向接头的外侧设置有通风进料通孔。相对于先前已知的接头，这具有两个显著的优点。首先，在靠近胶接接头的受压侧，不太可能出现压力流体的泄漏。第二，优选设置一个的通风进料通孔7可以有数个，这将使环形孔隙3被更完全地填充，这样，胶水形成了更强的缝或接头。本发明优选仅设置一个通风进料通孔，并且其优选尽可能地设置在靠近环形孔隙的外侧。从而，可确保尽可能完全地以胶水填充环形孔隙，而压力流体的可能泄漏被排除了。
图3是先前提到的专利NO311272中的图2，它示出了现有技术以及本发明的主要问题。在图3中，通风进料通孔14设置在附图的右手侧，并且最靠近环形孔隙的内侧，而且胶接接头面对可能的压力流体，可能的泄漏，其中泄漏通道以箭头L表示。
根据本发明的接头内的环形孔隙原则上可具有任何横截面，但是优选为图1所示的不对称形。
在优选实施例中，环形孔隙成形为其横截面具有至少三个一致的波峰形状或波形，这样，可在最靠近加压侧的波形进行胶水注入，这意味着内端部以及通风进料通孔从最靠近外侧的波形至来设置，并且相对于圆周呈直径相对状。对于所述实施例来说，在胶水开始从通风进料通孔泄漏之前，环形孔隙的中间波形将具有非常大的总是被完全填满胶水的概率，这可确保更强的胶接接头。在环形孔隙的外侧上，波形最好具有下降的高度，并且在插头部件上还可设置波形凹槽，从而提供更强的接头以及更长的用于压力流体的泄漏通道。
本发明可用于连接所有类型的材料部件，这些材料可通过适当的胶水胶接在一起。构成插头和插孔的管道部分和管件是可互换的。

Claims (7)

1、接头，包括形式为插头的第一部件(1)和形式为插孔的第二部件(2)，插头部件可进入插孔部件，从而在插头部件和插孔部件的相对面之间形成了环形孔隙(3)，其中沿着所述部件的轴向方向的环形孔隙由内侧的内限制件(4)和外侧的外限制件(5)限定，从插孔部件的外表面至孔隙(3)设置有用于将胶水注入到该孔隙内的进料通孔(6)，从所述孔隙至插孔部件的外表面设置有用于在以胶水填充孔隙时进行通风和胶水泄漏的进料通孔(7)，其特征在于，
与用于注入胶水的进料通孔(6)相比，用于通风和胶水泄漏的进料通孔(7)设置成更靠近所述孔隙的外侧。
2、根据权利要求1所述的接头，其特征在于，环形孔隙(3)为不对称形状，与外侧相比，其较大的高度更朝向内侧。
3、根据权利要求1所述的接头，其特征在于，所述孔隙由插孔部件内的加工槽形成。
4、根据权利要求1所述的接头，其特征在于，孔隙的横截面具有三个一致的波形，并且用于注入胶水的进料通孔(6)通向孔隙内侧的波形，而用于通风和胶水泄漏的进料通孔(7)从孔隙外侧的波形引出。
5、根据权利要求1所述的接头，其特征在于，进料通孔(6、7)相对于圆周呈径向相对地设置。
6、根据权利要求1所述的接头，其特征在于，限制件(4、5)为密封件形式。
7、根据权利要求1所述的接头，其特征在于，插头部件是FRP管，插孔部件是FRP管接头部件或插座。
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