CN101560088A - Autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking ceramic slag as major material and production method thereof - Google Patents
Autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking ceramic slag as major material and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101560088A CN101560088A CNA2009100398431A CN200910039843A CN101560088A CN 101560088 A CN101560088 A CN 101560088A CN A2009100398431 A CNA2009100398431 A CN A2009100398431A CN 200910039843 A CN200910039843 A CN 200910039843A CN 101560088 A CN101560088 A CN 101560088A
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- Prior art keywords
- pitchers
- brick
- slag
- steaming
- raw material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses an autoclaved ceramic slag brick and a production method thereof. The autoclaved ceramic slag brick comprises the raw materials based on the weight percentage: 30-90% of ceramic slag, 0-60% of aggregate material, 3-30% of exciting agent and 0-20% of admixture; the raw materials are processed by charge mixture, mixing, adding water and evenly stirring, aging, press forming and autoclaving, finally, the autoclaved ceramic slag brick is obtained. As more ceramic slag is mixed into the autoclaved ceramic slag brick, a great amount of ceramic slag can be used, thus greatly reducing or basically removing the stack quantity of the ceramic slag. Therefore, various problems such as occupation of large areas of land and environmental pollution caused by landfilling and stacking the ceramic slag can be effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of autoclaved brick and production method thereof, especially relating to a kind of can be the steaming pressure pitchers brick and the production method thereof of major ingredient with the pitchers.
Background technology
1. what pitchers was that ceramic polished production line discharges is a kind of slimy waste material.China's architectural pottery is widely used in building trade at present, make that the architectural pottery industrial development is swift and violent, in the architectural pottery industrial production ceramic building material such as porcelain brick or porcelain plate are carried out the grinding and buffing operation production link that is absolutely necessary, this production link can produce a large amount of solid ceramic waste residues, pitchers promptly of the present invention.The amount maximum of the polishing slag of in the polishing of porcelain brick/plate, polishing process, discharging with building ceramics factory, for example: there are more than 300 families of heavy construction ceramics factory in area, Foshan, Guangdong Province, and all kinds of production lines have more than 2000, and the pitchers annual emissions is more than 1,000 ten thousand tons; Qingyuan City is about 4000 tons of more than 400 polishing plate production line day row's polishing quantity of slag only.Wherein, porcelain plate polishing about 6～8 ton per days of waste residue amount that production line produced were handled the mode that these pitchers adopt stacking, landfill more in the past.At present, the ceramic pitchers of accumulation is ten million ton of exceedance, has not only taken a large amount of stacking places, causes a lot of pollution problems, also influences the expanded reproduction of enterprise.This pitchers that produces in the grinding and buffing operation of porcelain brick adopts flowing water to dash row, contain large quantity of moisture in the pitchers, in considerable time, can not obtain drying, not only destroy and stack geographic edatope, cause the soil can't obtain for a long time utilizing, and flowed into the farmland in the rainy day by rain drop erosion and destroy crop growth, perhaps flow into river, pond, farmland and irrigation canals and ditches, cause the long-pending hole of country fair to bury and stop up.Even pitchers obtains drying, but, be the bulky powder shape after the drying, cause dust from flying polluted air and environment easily because the particle of these pitchers is quite little.The processing of pitchers and utilization have become urgent problem.
2. the production behaviour in service of China's walling kind and brick: domestic existing walling divides brick, building block and wallboard three major types at present, wherein, brick is divided into the various Industrial Residue Brick that clay brick, Dinas brickes, concrete calculon, rock ballast brick, flyash brick and various industrial residue are raw material again, because brick intention height, closely knit durable, volume is little, the use light and flexible, approaching with traditional common brick, easily accepted, thereby fragment of brick mostly is the preferred material of body of wall, bearing masonry, hypogee, various structures and public works by market.The production of said brick, mainly be to adopt clay, sand, aggregate chips, lime, cement, gypsum or be raw material with waste residues such as flyash, make through batching, batch mixing, moulding, maintenance (maintaining process has natural curing, steam curing, steam press maintenance) or sintering process, wherein be the vitrified brick of raw material with the natural clay---common brick and be that the product such as autoclaved lime-sand brick, concrete brick of main raw material occupies the majority again with sand, also utilize various industrial residues as the raw material production brick.
Because China's economic construction unprecedentedly develops rapidly, the consumption of brick is huge, and main raw material clay, the natural sand consumption of brick increase suddenly, big (the about 1800kg/m of solid Dinas brickes density
3); consume a large amount of natural sand resources; natural sand occurs exhausted in some areas; ecotope is seriously damaged, and according to the walling reform policy of China, protects farmland and environment; the solid brick that has banned use of clay to fire; with natural sand is that main Dinas brickes has not belonged to new walling category, therefore, is that raw material replaces natural sand and clay is that current brick class is improved one of focus of studying with the industrial residue.
The brick that nearly ten years common waste residues of China are raw material has flyash brick, various slag vitrified brick, slag vitrified brick, autoclaved brick and steamed brick.Because the material mostly flyash, slag, slag are to have the aquation lateral reactivity, under the condition that exists at alkali-activator, flyash, slag powders etc. can form silicate material with lime class alkaline matter under the high-temperature steam curing condition, therefore they are quite extensive in the application aspect the brickmaking as raw material, and technology is very ripe, existing relevant product standard and utilisation technology rules.
3. for a long time, ceramic polished slag is piled into trouble contaminate environment obstruction industry and is developed, existing many people are applied to aspects such as baked light-weight ceramic tile, light ceramic, cement admixture, mortar concrete adulterant, but consumption is limited, particularly in making cement brick, when mixing the polishing slag, with the increase of volume, intensity obviously reduces.The inventor finds that through test this is because pitchers itself does not have the hydraulic gellifying property, adds water hydration reaction can not take place, and is promptly noncondensing also non-sclerous, and the brick of compacting gained does not have that ultimate compression strength causes.Even if be pressed into brick maintenance at normal temperatures 28 days when adding cash exciting agent (as lime) in pitchers, ultimate compression strength is also very low under the dried state.Therefore, for a long time, it is believed that pitchers does not have activity, the Additives of considering to be applied to vitrified brick and light ceramic or making cement and cement pressed brick more, the consumption of pitchers is lower.In production practice, also do not occur so far widely applying pitchers as raw materials for production effectively utilize technology and product, the processing to pitchers at present is still landfill, storage, stacking mostly, environment is polluted and endangers day by day to be increased.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to utilize industrial residue to provide a kind of can be the steaming pressure pitchers brick of major ingredient with the pitchers, not only can satisfy the technical requirements of building brick, and can also solve pitchers waste material pollution on the environment problem.
Two of purpose of the present invention provides the production method that the pitchers brick is pressed in above-mentioned steaming.
First purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical measures: a kind of can be that the pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of major ingredient with the pitchers, and it is made through batching, batch mixing, after adding water refining, ageing, compression moulding and steam press maintenance by the raw material that comprises following weight percent content:
Pitchers 30～90% 0～60% exciting agent, 3～30% adulterants 0～20% that gather materials.
The pitchers brick is pressed in steaming of the present invention, and preferable proportioning raw materials is the weight percent content of following each raw material:
Pitchers 45～85% 0～50% exciting agent, 5～25% adulterants 0～15% that gather materials.
The pitchers brick is pressed in steaming of the present invention, and optimum material proportion is the weight percent content of following each raw material:
Pitchers 62～85% 0～33% exciting agent, 5～20% adulterants 0～15% that gather materials.
Pitchers of the present invention is the polishing of porcelain brick or porcelain plate, the waste residue of the gained through dehydration, drying with after pulverizing of the pulpous state waste material in the polishing production line.The granularity of pitchers is 0.15～50 μ m, the about 10 μ m of its mean particle size, and middle granularity is about 8.8 μ m.Contain silicon-dioxide, 15.00%～25.00% aluminium sesquioxide, 0.20%～0.50% ferric oxide more than 60% in the pitchers, 0.50%～2.00% calcium oxide, 4.00%～6.00% magnesium oxide, 0.90%～1.50% potassium oxide, 2.40%～3.50% sodium oxide, but 0.10%～0.25% titanium oxide and 5.00%～13.00% igloss thing.Though the inventor finds that through test pitchers itself does not have the hydraulic gellifying property, adds water hydration reaction can not take place, place 80 ℃ of vapor cures with its brick as raw material compression moulding after, can produce certain compression strength; And the ultimate compression strength that the steaming of the brick that is pressed into when adding alkali-activator (as lime) in pitchers behind steam press maintenance under 175～197 ℃ the saturated vapor condition presses the pitchers brick to be produced can reach more than the 10MPa, can meet the strength criterion of fragment of brick.
In addition; also contain the superfine powdered granule in the pitchers; these superfine particles demonstrate surface effects under certain condition; higher surface activity and Chemical bond energy are arranged; they are first and exciting agent generation hydration reaction at the steam press maintenance initial stage; be transformed into the incomplete gel of microcrystal or crystallization; and then progressively expand to than hydration reaction takes place in the coarse particles; and the hydrated product that is produced is coated on the surperficial gap between particles that also progressively expands to than coarse porcelain solid impurity particle or aggregate particle that does not react; gradually connect and interweave; form the crystallization intergrowth each component in the brick is consolidated, produce higher physical and mechanical property.These products can be in air setting and harden, and can hold intensity in the continuation of insurance of water relaying.
Of the present invention gather materials be meant medium sand or coarse sand or with in, one or both or two or more mixing in the rock ballast that the coarse sand particle size range is consistent, broken solid ceramic slag, slag, slag or slag.
The present invention can be in 0.125～6mm scope as the rock ballast that gathers materials, solid ceramic slag, slag, slag or scoriaceous particle diameter.
Exciting agent of the present invention is an alkali-activator, and described alkali-activator is lime (CaO), Ca (OH)
2, NaOH, KOH, Na
2OnSiO
2, K
2OnSiO
2And Mg (OH)
2Deng in one or both or two or more mixing; Can also on the basis of alkali-activator, add sulphate activation agent, cement and contain one or both or the two or more material in the material of exciting agent composition and mix.Described sulphate activation agent is gypsum (CaSO
42H
2O), CaSO
41/2H
2O, CaSO
4, one or both or two or more mixing in chemical gypsum and desulfurated plaster etc.The described material that contains the exciting agent composition is meant alkaline industrial slag: the industrial accessory substances such as waste residue (pulpous state), carbide slag and red soil that concrete tubular pile factory centrifugal forming is discharged.
The comparatively preferred proportioning of exciting agent of the present invention is: the consumption of alkali-activator is at least to steam presses 3% of pitchers brick raw material gross weight, be that its minimum consumption is not less than and steam presses 3% of pitchers brick raw material gross weight, the consumption of sulphate activation agent is pressed 0～3% of pitchers brick raw material gross weight for steaming.Find after deliberation, when adding the sulphate activation agent, steam and press the ultimate compression strength of pitchers brick to have than leap ahead, this is because at high temperature and having under the condition of water vapor, silicon-dioxide in the pitchers and aluminium sesquioxide composition and exciting agent generation hydration reaction, form the serial hydrated products such as silicate, aluminate and sulplo-aluminate of different basicity, produce gel or xln, thereby make the pitchers brick of the compression moulding generation intensity of hardening gradually.Because the content of aluminium sesquioxide generates more aquation aluminate than fine sand height in the pitchers under the condition of alkali-activator, sulphate activation agent and aquation aluminate form the sulplo-aluminate column crystallization, therefore can further increase and steam the intensity of pressing the pitchers brick.
The further optimum ratio of exciting agent of the present invention is: the consumption of alkali-activator is at least to steam presses 5% of pitchers brick raw material gross weight, be that its minimum consumption is not less than and steam presses 5% of pitchers brick raw material gross weight, the consumption of sulphate activation agent is pressed 0～2.5% of pitchers brick raw material gross weight for steaming.
Adulterant of the present invention is one or both or the two or more mixing in flyash, silicon ash and the ground slag powder.
Steaming of the present invention press the pitchers brick can with different moulds make with prior art in the brick of same form, as solid brick or perforated brick etc., profile can be made rectangular tiles or special shaped brick, can also make the decorative block that the surface has striped or floriation.
Second purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the production method of pitchers brick is pressed in a kind of above-mentioned steaming, and it comprises following operation steps:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: with pitchers slurry dewater, the dry and processing of pulverizing, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery;
(2) raw material metering: the weight percent by described each raw material of pitchers brick carries out computation weigh;
(3) batching: with each raw material that has measured in the step (2) mix mixed material, add suitable quantity of water then and mix, make it to form loose, wet mixed material uniformly;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carry out ageing;
(5) compression moulding: will take out through the mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled, and after removing the caking homocline, be delivered to shaper compression moulding, and get the pitchers adobe;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe that step (5) is made is sent in the inherent saturated vapor of autoclave and is carried out steam press maintenance;
(7) finished product: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and promptly get pitchers brick finished product.
The general technology of press dewatering that adopts of pitchers described in the step of the present invention (1) slurry is dewatered, and the pitchers slurry becomes water content after squeezing be 30～50% bulk material.Drying described in the step (1) can be to adopt natural air drying also can adopt the mode of oven dry to carry out drying.Pulverizing described in the step (1) is to adopt stirrer to pulverize, and because of the block material of dried pitchers quality is loose, stirs and can pulverize through common stirrer.
Water consumption during batching is bigger to the green brick forming influence, and brick was easily broken when the water yield was lacked moulding, and the many mixed materials of the water yield easily lump, brick is easy to crack.And water consumption is often decided according to factors such as raw material, proportioning, weather and forming pressures, and therefore the water of step of the present invention (3) adding accounts for 8～35% of mixed material gross weight.
The temperature of pitchers adobe steam press maintenance in autoclave is in 175～210 ℃ of scopes in the step of the present invention (6), and preferred temperature is 175～197 ℃ of scopes, and the time is 7～10 hours.
The digestion time of the mixed material in the step of the present invention (4) is preferably 2～6 hours, and preferred digestion time is 2～4 hours, and aging bunker can adopt intermittently aging bunker or aging bunker continuously.
The pressure of the compression moulding of pitchers adobe is greater than 12Mpa in the step of the present invention (5), preferred 15Mpa.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
(1) solves the pollution problem of pitchers effectively: because the volume height of pitchers in the pitchers brick is pressed in steaming of the present invention to environment, can use pitchers in a large number, thereby significantly reduce the stacking amount of pitchers or the stacking amount of basically eliminate pitchers, therefore, can solve effectively to stack and take a large amount of soils and by the various problem of environmental pollutions of its initiation because of its landfill.
(2) utilization of waste material, turn waste into wealth, have good society and economic benefit: the present invention utilizes pitchers to replace the steaming pressure pitchers brick that clay, sand-lime etc. are made as the main raw material of brickmaking, working strength can reach the strength criterion of Dinas brickes, becomes one of effective substitute of Dinas brickes; Not only saved the expense of handling pitchers, can also further produce economic benefit, killed two birds with one stone; Also adapt to China for protecting farmland and the walling reform policy of environment forbidding clay and sand provides the approach of changing the line of production simultaneously for existing sand-lime brick field; Therefore the present invention has good society and economic benefit.
(3) stable performance of pitchers brick, ultimate compression strength height are pressed in steaming of the present invention: the present invention utilizes pitchers to be main raw material and exciting agent effect, the pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of compacting gained, make steaming press the pitchers brick to harden gradually through steam press maintenance and produce higher intensity, thereby make it can satisfy the technological standard of building brick.In addition, the present invention adds the sulphate activation agent on the basis of alkali-activator, can also further improve the ultimate compression strength of steaming pressure pitchers brick, and its later stage stable performance, can be used in body of wall and other position of common buildings engineering and public works.
(4) digestion time of the present invention is short: the present invention utilizes the tiny fast characteristics of time that react with exciting agent of pitchers, so digestion time got final product in the fastest 2 hours.
(5) production method energy efficient of the present invention, reduce cost: pitchers is the ceramic industry waste residue, amount is easy to get more, be loose fine powder, only need common stirrer to stir and to pulverize, do not need ball mill to carry out levigate or pulverizer is broken, saved power consumption of polymer processing, adopt the production technique and the equipment of original autoclaved lime-sand brick need not do big change, saved investment, residue doping quantity is big, can reduce production costs.
Embodiment
Below steam the production line of pressing the pitchers brick among each embodiment and adopt the production line of existing steam-pressing silicate brick to get final product.The aging bunker that uses adopts intermittently aging bunker or aging bunker continuously, and shaper adopts rotary disk press or adopts the two-way pneumatic hydraulic forming machine, and stirrer adopts biaxial rneader or planet forced mixer, carries and adopts worm conveyor and conveyor.
Embodiment one:
Proportioning raw materials: (weight percent)
Pitchers 34% lime 5% gypsum 1% particle diameter is the rock ballast 60% of 0.125～6mm
Steam the preparation of pressing the pitchers brick:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: collect the polishing slag slurry in the porcelain brick sanding and polishing production line, carry out becoming behind the press dewatering bulk material of water content 30%, then behind the natural air drying with stirring pulverizing in the biaxial rneader, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery, standby, the cleaning of pitchers to be kept in the treating processes, impurity can not be sneaked into;
(2) metering: each raw material of pitchers brick measures by above-mentioned weight percent;
(3) batching: with the pitchers, lime, gypsum and the rock ballast that have measured in the step (2) send to stirrer for mixing even mixed material, add 15% the water account for the mixed material gross weight then and proceed to mix, form loose wet mixed material;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carried out ageing 4 hours;
(5) compression moulding: will take out through the mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled, remove caking by the macropore reinforcing mat, send in the stirrer stir, be dispersed into loose material after, be delivered to shaper with worm conveyor and conveyor, with the pressure compression moulding of about 15Mpa, get the pitchers adobe;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe of step (5) compression moulding is sent in the autoclave, and maintenance is 9 hours in the saturated vapor about 180 ℃;
(7) finished product is stacked: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and stack, and must steam and press pitchers brick finished product.The density 1650kg/m of pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of gained
3, ultimate compression strength 5.1MPa.
Embodiment two:
Proportioning raw materials: (weight percent)
Pitchers 50% lime 10% desulfurated plaster 2% medium sand 38%
Steam the preparation of pressing the pitchers brick:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: collect the polishing slag slurry in the porcelain brick sanding and polishing production line, carry out becoming behind the press dewatering bulk material of water content 50%, then behind the natural air drying with stirring pulverizing in the biaxial rneader, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery, standby, the cleaning of pitchers to be kept in the treating processes, impurity can not be sneaked into;
(2) metering: each raw material of pitchers brick measures by above-mentioned weight percent;
(3) batching: with the pitchers, lime, desulfurated plaster and the medium sand that have measured in the step (2) send to stirrer for mixing even mixed material, add 20% the water account for the mixed material gross weight then and mix, form loose wet mixed material;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carried out ageing 6 hours;
(5) compression moulding: will take out through the mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled, remove caking by the macropore reinforcing mat, send in the stirrer stir, be dispersed into loose material after, be delivered to shaper with screw rod conveyor and conveyor, use pressure compression moulding, get the pitchers adobe greater than 12Mpa;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe of step (5) compression moulding is sent in the autoclave, and maintenance is 9 hours in the saturated vapor about 180 ℃;
(7) finished product is stacked: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and stack, and must steam and press pitchers brick finished product.The density 1610kg/m of pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of gained
3, ultimate compression strength 9.7MPa.
Embodiment three:
Proportioning raw materials: (weight percent)
Pitchers 56% lime 12% desulfurated plaster 1.5% slag powders 11.5% medium sand 19%
Steam the preparation of pressing the pitchers brick:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: collect the polishing slag slurry in the porcelain brick sanding and polishing production line, carry out becoming behind the press dewatering bulk material of water content 40% then, the oven dry back is with stirring pulverizing in the biaxial rneader then, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery, standby, the cleaning of pitchers to be kept in the treating processes, impurity can not be sneaked into;
(2) metering: each raw material of pitchers brick measures by above-mentioned weight percent;
(3) batching: with the pitchers, lime, desulfurated plaster, slag powders and the medium sand that have measured in the step (2) send to stirrer for mixing even mixed material, add 15% the water account for the mixed material gross weight and mix, form loose wet mixed material;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carried out ageing 2 hours;
(5) compression moulding: the wet mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled is taken out, remove caking by the macropore reinforcing mat, send in the stirrer stir, be dispersed into loose material after, be delivered to shaper with screw rod conveyor and conveyor, use pressure compression moulding, get the pitchers adobe greater than 15Mpa;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe of step (5) compression moulding is sent in the autoclave, and maintenance is 10 hours in 180 ℃ saturated vapor;
(7) finished product is stacked: will stack from taking out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled, and must steam and press pitchers brick finished product.The density 1580kg/m of pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of gained
3, ultimate compression strength 16.6MPa.
Embodiment four:
Proportioning raw materials: (weight percent)
Pitchers 62% lime 10.5% gypsum 1.5% particle diameter is the rock ballast 26% of 0.125～6mm
Steam the preparation of pressing the pitchers brick:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: collect the polishing slag slurry in the porcelain brick sanding and polishing production line, carry out becoming behind the press dewatering bulk material of water content 35%, then behind the natural air drying with stirring pulverizing in the biaxial rneader, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery, standby, the cleaning of pitchers to be kept in the treating processes, impurity can not be sneaked into;
(2) metering: each raw material of pitchers brick measures by above-mentioned weight percent;
(3) batching: with the pitchers, lime, gypsum and the rock ballast that have measured in the step (2) send to stirrer for mixing even mixed material, add 15% the water account for the mixed material gross weight and mix, form loose wet mixed material;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carried out ageing 4 hours;
(5) compression moulding: the wet mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled is taken out, remove caking by the macropore reinforcing mat, send in the stirrer stir, be dispersed into loose material after, be delivered to shaper with screw rod conveyor and conveyor, with the pressure compression moulding of about 15Mpa, get the pitchers adobe;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe of step (5) compression moulding is sent in the autoclave, and maintenance is 10 hours in 180 ℃ saturated vapor;
(7) finished product is stacked: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and stack, and must steam and press pitchers brick finished product.The density 1700kg/m of pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of gained
3, ultimate compression strength 14.4MPa.
Embodiment five:
Proportioning raw materials: (weight percent)
Pitchers 72% lime 13.5% gypsum 2.5% particle diameter is the rock ballast 12% of 0.125～6mm
Steam the preparation of pressing the pitchers brick:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: collect the polishing slag slurry in the porcelain brick sanding and polishing production line, carry out becoming behind the press dewatering bulk material of water content 45%, then behind the natural air drying with stirring pulverizing in the biaxial rneader, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery, standby, the cleaning of pitchers to be kept in the treating processes, impurity can not be sneaked into;
(2) metering: each raw material of pitchers brick measures by above-mentioned weight percent;
(3) batching: with pitchers, lime, gypsum and the rock ballast that has measured in the step (2) send the machine stirrer for mixing even mixed material, add 16% the water account for the mixed material gross weight and proceed to mix, form loose wet mixed material;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carried out ageing 3 hours;
(5) compression moulding: the wet mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled is taken out, remove caking by the macropore reinforcing mat, send in the stirrer stir, be dispersed into loose material after, be delivered to shaper with screw rod conveyor and conveyor, with the pressure compression moulding of about 15Mpa, get the pitchers adobe;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe of step (5) compression moulding is sent in the autoclave, and maintenance is 9 hours in 186 ℃ saturated vapor;
(7) finished product is stacked: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and stack, and must steam and press pitchers brick finished product.The density 1550kg/m of pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of gained
3, ultimate compression strength 16.8MPa.
Embodiment six:
Proportioning raw materials: (weight percent)
Pitchers 80% lime 12.5% gypsum 1.5% cement 6%
Steam the preparation of pressing the pitchers brick:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: collect the polishing slag slurry in the porcelain brick sanding and polishing production line, carry out becoming behind the press dewatering bulk material of water content 30%, then behind the natural air drying with stirring pulverizing in the biaxial rneader, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery, standby, the cleaning of pitchers to be kept in the treating processes, impurity can not be sneaked into;
(2) metering: each raw material of pitchers brick measures by above-mentioned weight percent;
(3) batching: with the pitchers, lime, gypsum and the cement that have measured in the step (2) send to stirrer for mixing even mixed material, add 18% the water account for the mixed material gross weight and mix, form loose wet mixed material;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carried out ageing 3 hours;
(5) compression moulding: the wet mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled is taken out, remove caking by the macropore reinforcing mat, send in the stirrer stir, be dispersed into loose material after, be delivered to shaper with screw rod conveyor and conveyor, with the pressure compression moulding of about 15Mpa, get the pitchers adobe;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe of step (5) compression moulding is sent in the autoclave, and maintenance is 8 hours in 186 ℃ saturated vapor;
(7) finished product is stacked: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and stack, and must steam and press pitchers brick finished product.The density 1430kg/m of pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of gained
3, ultimate compression strength 18.6MPa.
Embodiment seven:
Proportioning raw materials: (weight percent)
Pitchers 86% lime 12% gypsum 2%
Steam the preparation of pressing the pitchers brick:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: collect the polishing slag slurry in the porcelain brick sanding and polishing production line, carry out becoming behind the press dewatering bulk material of water content 48%, then behind the natural air drying with stirring pulverizing in the biaxial rneader, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery, standby, the cleaning of pitchers to be kept in the treating processes, impurity can not be sneaked into;
(2) metering: each raw material of pitchers brick measures by above-mentioned weight percent;
(3) batching: with the pitchers, lime and the gypsum that have measured in the step (2) send to stirrer for mixing even mixed material, add 18% the water account for the mixed material gross weight and mix, form loose wet mixed material;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carried out ageing 3 hours;
(5) compression moulding: the wet mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled is taken out, remove caking by the macropore reinforcing mat, send in the stirrer stir, be dispersed into loose material after, be delivered to shaper with screw rod conveyor and conveyor, with the compression moulding of about 15Mpa, get the pitchers adobe;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe of step (5) compression moulding is sent in the autoclave, and maintenance is 9 hours in 180 ℃ saturated vapor;
(7) finished product is stacked: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and stack, and must steam and press pitchers brick finished product.The density 1420kg/m of pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of gained
3, ultimate compression strength 11.1MPa.
Embodiment eight:
Proportioning raw materials: (weight percent)
Pitchers 85% lime 13% gypsum 2%
Steam the preparation of pressing the pitchers brick:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: collect the polishing slag slurry in the porcelain brick sanding and polishing production line, carry out becoming behind the press dewatering bulk material of water content 33%, then behind the natural air drying with stirring pulverizing in the biaxial rneader, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery, standby, the cleaning of pitchers to be kept in the treating processes, impurity can not be sneaked into;
(2) metering: each raw material of pitchers brick measures by above-mentioned weight percent;
(3) batching: with the pitchers, lime and the gypsum that have measured in the step (2) send to stirrer for mixing even mixed material, add 18% the water account for the mixed material gross weight and mix, form loose wet mixed material;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carried out ageing 3 hours;
(5) compression moulding: the wet mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled is taken out, remove caking by the macropore reinforcing mat, send in the stirrer stir, be dispersed into loose material after, be delivered to shaper with screw rod conveyor and conveyor, with the pressure compression moulding of about 15Mpa, get the pitchers adobe;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe of step (5) compression moulding is sent in the autoclave, and maintenance is 9 hours in 190 ℃ saturated vapor;
(7) finished product is stacked: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and stack, and must steam and press pitchers brick finished product.The density 1440kg/m of pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of gained
3, ultimate compression strength 12.0MPa.
Embodiment nine:
Proportioning raw materials: (weight percent)
Pitchers 80% lime 15% cement 5%
Steam the preparation of pressing the pitchers brick:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: collect the polishing slag slurry in the porcelain brick sanding and polishing production line, carry out becoming behind the press dewatering bulk material of water content 38%, then behind the natural air drying with stirring pulverizing in the biaxial rneader, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery, standby, the cleaning of pitchers to be kept in the treating processes, impurity can not be sneaked into;
(2) metering: each raw material of pitchers brick measures by above-mentioned weight percent;
(3) batching: with the pitchers, lime and the cement that have measured in the step (2) send to stirrer for mixing even mixed material, add 18% the water account for the mixed material gross weight and mix, form loose wet mixed material;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carried out ageing 5 hours;
(5) compression moulding: the wet mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled is taken out, remove caking by the macropore reinforcing mat, send in the stirrer stir, be dispersed into loose material after, be delivered to shaper with screw rod conveyor and conveyor, with the pressure compression moulding of about 15Mpa, get the pitchers adobe;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe of step (5) compression moulding is sent in the autoclave, and maintenance is 9 hours in 180 ℃ saturated vapor;
(7) finished product is stacked: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and stack, and must steam and press pitchers brick finished product.The density 1430kg/m of pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of gained
3, ultimate compression strength 15.8MPa.
Embodiment ten:
Proportioning raw materials: (weight percent)
Pitchers 80% lime 8% gypsum 2% cement 10%
Steam the preparation of pressing the pitchers brick:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: collect the polishing slag slurry in the porcelain brick sanding and polishing production line, carry out becoming behind the press dewatering bulk material of water content about 43%, the oven dry back is with stirring pulverizing in the biaxial rneader then, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery, standby, the cleaning of pitchers to be kept in the treating processes, impurity can not be sneaked into;
(2) metering: each raw material of pitchers brick measures by above-mentioned weight percent;
(3) batching: with the pitchers, lime, gypsum and the cement that have measured in the step (2) send to stirrer for mixing even mixed material, add 20% the water account for the mixed material gross weight and proceed to mix, form loose wet mixed material;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carried out ageing 4 hours;
(5) compression moulding: the wet mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled is taken out, remove caking by the macropore reinforcing mat, send in the stirrer stir, be dispersed into loose material after, be delivered to shaper with screw rod conveyor and conveyor, with the pressure compression moulding of about 15Mpa, get the pitchers adobe;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe of step (5) compression moulding is sent in the autoclave, and maintenance is 9 hours in 180 ℃ saturated vapor;
(7) finished product is stacked: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and stack, and must steam and press pitchers brick finished product.The density 1430kg/m of pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of gained
3, ultimate compression strength 23.7MPa.
The generating principle of the pitchers brick of embodiment one to ten: Ca (OH)
2With SiO in the pitchers
2And Al
2O
3Under high temperature and water vapor conditions,, at first be the SiO in the superfine pitchers particle through after a while
2And Al
2O
3Deng at Ca (OH)
2Form unsettled unbodied silicic acid (SiO in the cash solution
2) absorbed the calcium ion in the exciting agent, begin to form the adsorption system of indefinite composition, form unbodied hydrated calcium silicate and drated calcium aluminate thereupon.
Wherein: Ca (OH)
2With SiO
2Interact and generate hydrated calcium silicate:
XCa(OH)
2+SiO
2+mH
2O→XCaO·SiO
2·nH
2O
Ca (OH)
2With Al
2O
3Interact and generate drated calcium aluminate:
XCa(OH)
2+Al
2O
3+mH
2O→XCaO·Al
2O
3·nH
2O
Wherein a part of drated calcium aluminate is understood and the further water generation reaction calcium sulphoaluminate of calcium sulfate when mixing gypsum.Hydrated calcium silicate, drated calcium aluminate and the passing in time of aquation calcium sulphoaluminate are transformed into the incomplete gel of microcrystal or crystallization at leisure.Above-mentioned reaction also takes place in thicker then pitchers particle.These hydrated products are coated on the surface than coarse porcelain solid impurity particle or aggregate particle that does not react and also progressively expand to gap between particles; the part crystal is grown up gradually; gradually connect and interweave; form colloid and crystallization intergrowth each component in the brick is consolidated, produce higher physical and mechanical property.These products can be in air setting and harden, and can hold intensity in the continuation of insurance of water relaying.
The above embodiment of the present invention only is used for the present invention is set forth, yet protection scope of the present invention is not only to be confined to above embodiment.The person of an ordinary skill in the technical field all can realize purpose of the present invention according to content disclosed by the invention.For example, gather materials one or both or two or more mixing in solid ceramic slag, slag, slag and the slag that adopts the fragmentation of particle diameter in 0.125～6mm scope.Exciting agent can adopt various exciting agent of the prior art, as alkali-activator: CaO, Ca (OH)
2, NaOH, KOH, Na
2OnSiO
2, K
2OnSiO
2, Mg (OH)
2Deng in one or both or two or more mixing; Sulphate activation agent: CaSO
41/2H
2O, CaSO
4, one or both or two or more mixing in the chemical gypsum etc.; And cement, alkaline industrial slag or other contain the material of alkali-activator or sulphate activation agent composition.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of can be that the pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of major ingredient with the pitchers, it is characterized in that, it is made through batching, batch mixing, after adding water refining, ageing, compression moulding and steam press maintenance by the raw material that comprises following weight percent content,
Pitchers 30～90% 0～60% exciting agent, 3～30% adulterants 0～20% that gather materials.
2, according to claim 1 can be the steaming pressure pitchers brick of major ingredient with the pitchers, it is characterized in that the weight percent content of each raw material: pitchers 45～85%, gather materials 0～50%, exciting agent 5～25%, adulterant 0～15%.
3, according to claim 2 can be the steaming pressure pitchers brick of major ingredient with the pitchers, the weight percent content of each raw material: pitchers 62～85%, gather materials 0～33%, exciting agent 5～20%, adulterant 0～15%.
4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described can be that the pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of major ingredient with the pitchers, it is characterized in that, described gather materials be meant medium sand and coarse sand or with in, one or both or two or more mixing in the rock ballast that the coarse sand particle size range is consistent, broken solid ceramic slag, slag, slag, slag and aggregate chips.
5, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described can be that the pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of major ingredient with the pitchers, it is characterized in that described gathering materials is rock ballast, solid ceramic slag, slag, slag or the slag of particle diameter in 0.125～6mm scope.
6, according to claim 4 can be the steaming pressure pitchers brick of major ingredient with the pitchers, it is characterized in that described exciting agent is following alkali-activator: lime, Ca (OH)
2, NaOH, KOH, Na
2OnSiO
2, K
2OnSiO
2And Mg (OH)
2In one or both or two or more mixing.
7, according to claim 4 can be the steaming pressure pitchers brick of major ingredient with the pitchers, it is characterized in that, described exciting agent adds sulphate activation agent, cement and contains one or both or the two or more material in the material of exciting agent composition and mix on the basis of alkali-activator, the consumption of described alkali-activator is at least to steam presses 3% of pitchers brick raw material gross weight, and the consumption of sulphate activation agent is pressed 0～2.5% of pitchers brick raw material gross weight for steaming.
8, a kind of according to claim 1 to 7 arbitrary described can be the production method that the pitchers brick is pressed in the steaming of major ingredient with the pitchers, it is characterized in that it comprises following operation steps:
(1) pitchers pre-treatment: with pitchers slurry dewater, the dry and processing of pulverizing, make the pitchers slurry become pitchers piece or grain powdery;
(2) raw material metering: the weight percent by described each raw material of pitchers brick carries out computation weigh;
(3) batching: with each raw material that has measured in the step (2) mix mixed material, add suitable quantity of water then and mix, make it to form loose, wet mixed material uniformly;
(4) ageing: send the wet mixed material of gained in the step (3) to aging bunker and carry out ageing;
(5) compression moulding: will take out through the mixed material after step (4) ageing is handled, and after removing the caking homocline, be delivered to shaper compression moulding, and get the pitchers adobe;
(6) steam press maintenance: the pitchers adobe that step (5) is made is sent in the inherent saturated vapor of autoclave and is carried out steam press maintenance;
(7) finished product: will take out through the pitchers brick that step (6) is handled and promptly get pitchers brick finished product.
9, according to claim 8 can be the production method of the steaming pressure pitchers brick of major ingredient with the pitchers, it is characterized in that the water that adds in the described step (3) accounts for 8～35% of mixed material gross weight.
10, according to claim 9 can be the production method of the steaming pressure pitchers brick of major ingredient with the pitchers, it is characterized in that the temperature of pitchers adobe steam press maintenance in autoclave is 175～197 ℃ of scopes in the described step (6), and the time is 7～10 hours.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100398431A CN101560088B (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2009-05-27 | Autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking ceramic slag as major material and production method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100398431A CN101560088B (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2009-05-27 | Autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking ceramic slag as major material and production method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101560088A true CN101560088A (en) | 2009-10-21 |
| CN101560088B CN101560088B (en) | 2012-04-18 |
Family
ID=41219095
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100398431A Expired - Fee Related CN101560088B (en) | 2009-05-27 | 2009-05-27 | Autoclaved ceramic slag brick taking ceramic slag as major material and production method thereof |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101560088B (en) |
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