Background technology
Diabetes, the traditional Chinese medical science claims diabetes, is a kind of or a series of clinical syndromes that relative deficiency caused absolute because of insulin in the body, diabetes be a kind of common, multiple, follow lifelong disease.Diabetes have the trend that increases year by year at global sickness rate, have been listed in the third-largest disease after cardiovascular disease and tumor in developed country.Present diabetes are the multiple chronic complicating diseases that produces on arteriosclerosis and microangiopathies basis to the human health risk maximum, as diabetic cardiopathy, diabetic acromelic gangrene, diabetic cerebrovascular, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy etc.Duo 10~25 times because of diabetes cause blind person than common people, diabetic retinopathy has become one of four big main blinding diseases at present; Diabetic gangrene and amputee are Duoed 20 times than common people; Diabetes are high 2~3 times than non-diabetic person cardiovascular system sickness rate and case fatality rate; Diabetes cause renal failure to Duo 17 times than nephropathy.In a word, diabetes and chronic complicating diseases thereof are very serious to the harm of human health, have caused the great attention of whole world medical circle.
Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple (Malus hupehensis) belongs to rosaceous plant, has another name called Begonia aptera Bl., Folium Mali Hupehensis, tree performance grace, always is used as ornamental plant.The Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple leaf is drunk existing more than 400 year history as Folium Camelliae sinensis, is rare expelling summer-heat herbal tea in midsummer.Have document to show, Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple has many-sided effect such as anti-inflammation, anoxia enduring, resisting fatigue, blood sugar lowering, blood fat reducing.
It is raw material with the Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple leaf that Chinese patent CN101233887 discloses a kind of, add multiple Chinese herbal medicine such as Folium Pini, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Fructus Momordicae make have heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, the health-care cold tea of effects such as promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, blood fat-reducing blood pressure-decreasing.This patent is that the compound recipe extraction that Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple and other medical material are formed gets, and can not embody the effect of Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple.Chinese patent CN101199301 discloses Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple brick tea, teabag, has concentrated the preparation method of sifting tea and Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple pigment, and discloses the application of Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple tea in blood sugar lowering, blood fat reducing, but this patent does not have the effective site of clear and definite Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple.Chinese patent CN1351839 discloses the beverage that a kind of Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple leaf decocts with water, sterilizes and make, and does not relate to the pharmacodynamics activity of Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple.Chinese patent CN101011096 discloses a kind of tea that makes with sterilizations such as Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple leaf, fruit and Radix Glycyrrhizae, Folium Mori pulverizing, does not relate to the extraction and the drug effect of Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple.
Although existing document shows that Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple has hypoglycemic activity, do not have system for the chemistry of this plant and pharmacodynamic study both at home and abroad and carry out, do not see about the preparation of its total flavones and drug effect, toxicological study yet.The present inventor has carried out systematic study to the composition of Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple, the result shows that this plant mainly contains flavones ingredient, comprise dihydrochalcone, flavanone, chromone, flavone compound, wherein bibliographical information dihydrochalcone compounds phlorhizin can increase glucose in urine and discharge and blood sugar lowering by suppressing the heavily absorption of proximal convoluted tubule to glucose.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract that can be used for treating diabetes.
A kind of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract is prepared by following method:
(1) the Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple branch and leaf is pulverized, (refer to volume parts with 0~95% ethanol, when getting " 0 ", be pure water) reflux, extract, 1~8 time, each solvent load is 1~20 times of medical material weight, each extraction time is 0.5~10 hour, and merge extractive liquid, filters, reclaim ethanol (as reclaim under reduced pressure), concentrate extractum;
(2) with the above-mentioned extractum thin up that obtains, amount of water is 2~20 times of extractum weight, go up the absorption of macroporous resin column or polyamide column then, extractum weight is 1: 0.5~10 with the ratio of adsorption stuffing volume, the g of unit: ml, chromatographic column footpath is 1: 1~30 with the post height ratio, and water and concentration are 5~95% ethanol elution successively then, flow velocity be 0.5~3.5 column volume/hour;
(3) collect ethanol elution, carry out concentrating under reduced pressure or vacuum drying or spray drying or lyophilization, promptly get Hubei caval vine general flavone extract.
General flavone content is greater than 50% in the total pyrite extract of described Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple, and dihydrochalcone-like compound phlorhizin and 3-hydroxyl phlorhizin content sum are greater than 40%, and the mass ratio of phlorhizin and 3-hydroxyl phlorhizin is 20: 1~5: 1.
A kind of preparation method of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract, step is as follows:
(1) the Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple branch and leaf is pulverized, (refer to volume parts with 0~95% ethanol, when getting " 0 ", be pure water) reflux, extract, 1~8 time, each solvent load is 1~20 times of medical material weight, each extraction time is 0.5~10 hour, and merge extractive liquid, filters, reclaim ethanol (as reclaim under reduced pressure), concentrate extractum;
(2) with the above-mentioned extractum thin up that obtains, amount of water is 2~20 times of extractum weight, go up the absorption of macroporous resin column or polyamide column then, extractum weight is 1: 0.5~10 with the ratio of adsorption stuffing volume, the g of unit: ml, chromatographic column footpath is 1: 1~30 with the post height ratio, and water and concentration are 5~95% ethanol elution successively then, flow velocity be 0.5~3.5 column volume/hour;
(3) collect ethanol elution, carry out concentrating under reduced pressure or vacuum drying or spray drying or lyophilization, promptly get Hubei caval vine general flavone extract.
The application of a kind of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract in preparation treatment type ii diabetes medicine.
The application of a kind of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract in preparation prevention type ii diabetes health product.
Described application is that Hubei caval vine general flavone extract and phospholipid are made phosphatide complexes according to 1: 0.2~1: 25 ratio of weight ratio; Phospholipid is the lipid that a class contains phosphoric acid, and natural phospholipid mainly comprises soybean phospholipid and lecithin, and phospholipid and medicine often can strengthen pharmaceutically active after forming phosphatide complexes, improves bioavailability.Can directly phosphatide complexes be made oral formulations takes.Also Hubei caval vine general flavone extract and medically acceptable adjuvant can be mixed and made in capsule (comprising soft capsule), tablet, powder, granule, oral liquid, medicated wine, pill, pellet, mixture, the tincture any one and take preferred particulates agent, capsule, tablet.
Described phospholipid is soybean phospholipid or lecithin.
Described concentration of ethanol is volume parts.
The present inventor has carried out component separating to extract, and the main component that obtains is defined as phlorhizin (1) and 3-hydroxyl phlorhizin (2) through NMR, and structure is as follows:
Phlorhizin (1) 3-hydroxyl phlorhizin (2)
Adopting ultraviolet spectrophotometry, is reference substance with the phlorhizin, and extract has been carried out assay, general flavone content in phlorhizin greater than 50%, HPLC has measured the content of phlorhizin and 3-hydroxyl phlorhizin, and the two content sum is greater than 40%, and chromatogram as shown in Figure 1.
The present invention has made Hubei caval vine general flavone extract by the method for macroporous resin or polyamide absorption, wherein contain multiple flavones ingredient based on phlorhizin and 3-hydroxyl phlorhizin, greater than 50%, HPLC mensuration phlorhizin and 3-hydroxyl phlorhizin content sum are greater than 40% in phlorhizin for total flavones.Streptozotocin causes the oral Hubei caval vine general flavone extract 20mg/kg of hyperglycemia mice, can reduce the model mice blood sugar level.
The specific embodiment
Below will the present invention will be described in detail in an embodiment, but following embodiment only is the purpose of explanation, is not to be used to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract
Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple branch and leaf 50Kg, with 70% alcohol reflux of 8 times of medical material weight 3 times, each 1 hour, merge extractive liquid, filtered, and is concentrated into extractum.Extractum adds 10 times of dilutions of water, last macroporous resin column absorption (HPD100, the precious grace chemical industry in Hebei), crude drug weight and macroporous resin volume ratio are 1: 5, the chromatographic column blade diameter length ratio is 1: 10, uses the distilled water eluting, and eluent discards, back 50% ethanol elution, flow velocity be 1 column volume/hour, ethanol elution concentrating under reduced pressure, concentrated solution spray drying, that is, yield is 10.5%.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract
Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple branch and leaf 50Kg, with 70% alcohol reflux of 8 times of medical material weight 3 times, each 1 hour, merge extractive liquid, filtered, and is concentrated into extractum.Extractum adds 10 times of dilutions of water, last polyamide column absorption (60~90 order), crude drug weight and polyamide volume ratio are 1: 3, the chromatographic column blade diameter length ratio is 1: 8, use the distilled water eluting, eluent discards, the back use 50% ethanol elution, flow velocity be 1 column volume/hour, the ethanol elution concentrating under reduced pressure, the concentrated solution spray drying, that is, yield is 9.6%.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract
Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple branch and leaf 50Kg, with heavy 95% alcohol reflux such as medical material weight 8 times, each 5 hours, merge extractive liquid, filtered, and is concentrated into extractum.Extractum adds 20 times of dilutions of water, last macroporous resin column absorption (HPD100, the precious grace chemical industry in Hebei), crude drug weight and macroporous resin volume ratio are 1: 10 (g: ml), the chromatographic column blade diameter length ratio is 1: 20, uses the distilled water eluting, and eluent discards, back 95% ethanol elution, flow velocity be 2 column volumes/hour, ethanol elution concentrating under reduced pressure, concentrated solution spray drying, that is, yield is 8.0%.
Embodiment 4: the preparation of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract
Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple branch and leaf 50Kg, with heavy 75% alcohol reflux such as medical material weight 5 times, each 10 hours, merge extractive liquid, filtered, and is concentrated into extractum.Extractum adds 10 times of dilutions of water, last macroporous resin column absorption (HPD100, the precious grace chemical industry in Hebei), crude drug weight and macroporous resin volume ratio are 1: 0.5 (g: ml), the chromatographic column blade diameter length ratio is 1: 30, uses the distilled water eluting, and eluent discards, back 50% ethanol elution, flow velocity be 3.5 column volumes/hour, ethanol elution concentrating under reduced pressure, concentrated solution spray drying, that is, yield is 8.5%.
Embodiment 5: the preparation of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract
Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple branch and leaf 50Kg, with 5% alcohol reflux of 20 times of medical material weight 2 times, each 10 hours, merge extractive liquid, filtered, and is concentrated into extractum.Extractum adds 2 times of dilutions of water, last macroporous resin column absorption (HPD100, the precious grace chemical industry in Hebei), crude drug weight and macroporous resin volume ratio are 1: 1 (g: ml), the chromatographic column blade diameter length ratio is 1: 1, uses the distilled water eluting, and eluent discards, back 20% ethanol elution, flow velocity be 0.5 column volume/hour, ethanol elution concentrating under reduced pressure, concentrated solution spray drying, that is, yield is 5.8%.
Embodiment 6: the preparation of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract
Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple branch and leaf 50Kg with 0% ethanol (the being pure water) reflux, extract, of 5 times of medical material weight 1 time, extracted 10 hours, and merge extractive liquid, filters, and is concentrated into extractum.Extractum adds 15 times of dilutions of water, last polyamide column absorption (60~90 order), crude drug weight and resin volume ratio are that (g: ml), the chromatographic column blade diameter length ratio was 1: 5 in 1: 8, use the distilled water eluting, eluent discards, the back use 70% ethanol elution, flow velocity be 3 column volumes/hour, the ethanol elution concentrating under reduced pressure, the concentrated solution spray drying, that is, yield is 5.2%.
Embodiment 7: the preparation of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract
Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple branch and leaf 50Kg, with 20% alcohol reflux of 10 times of medical material weight 7 times, each 0.5 hour, merge extractive liquid, filtered, and is concentrated into extractum.Extractum adds 10 times of dilutions of water, last polyamide column absorption (60~90 order), crude drug weight and resin volume ratio are that (g: ml), the chromatographic column blade diameter length ratio was 1: 25 in 1: 5, use the distilled water eluting, eluent discards, the back use 50% ethanol elution, flow velocity be 2.5 column volumes/hour, the ethanol elution concentrating under reduced pressure, the concentrated solution spray drying, that is, yield is 6.5%.
Embodiment 8: the preparation of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract
Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple branch and leaf 50Kg, with 40% alcohol reflux of 10 times of medical material weight 4 times, each 6 hours, merge extractive liquid, filtered, and is concentrated into extractum.Extractum adds 10 times of dilutions of water, last polyamide column absorption (60~90 order), crude drug weight and resin volume ratio are that (g: ml), the chromatographic column blade diameter length ratio was 1: 20 in 1: 2, use the distilled water eluting, eluent discards, the back use 60% ethanol elution, flow velocity be 2 column volumes/hour, the ethanol elution concentrating under reduced pressure, the concentrated solution spray drying, that is, yield is 7.5%.
Embodiment 9: the preparation of Hubei caval vine general flavone extract phosphatide complexes
Hubei caval vine general flavone extract 50g adds soybean phospholipid 50g, and mix homogeneously adds dehydrated alcohol 500ml, and reflux becomes settled solution, reclaims solvent, and drying is pulverized, promptly.
Embodiment 10: the preparation of granule
Hubei caval vine general flavone extract 50g adds corn starch 450g, and fully mixing adds an amount of 90% ethanol and makes soft material, crosses 12 mesh sieve system granules, the dry granule that gets, and every 1g granule contains plant extract 100mg.
Embodiment 11: the preparation of capsule
Hubei caval vine general flavone extract 50g adds starch 100g, dextrin 50g, and fully mixing is crossed 80 mesh sieves, adds an amount of 90% ethanol system soft material, crosses 24 mesh sieve system granules, and drying is encapsulated, promptly.
The extract that makes with embodiment 1 has carried out pharmacodynamics and toxicologic study.
One, Hubei caval vine general flavone extract causes the influence of mice hyperglycemia to streptozotocin
1, test material
Positive drug: insoral (Phenformin Hydrochloride Tablets), the 250mg/ sheet, Junan, Shandong Province pharmaceutical factory produces.
The modeling agent: streptozotocin (STREPTOZOCIN, STZ), specification: 1g/ bottle, SIGMA company product.
Test kit: blood glucose (GLU) test kit, Beijing Zhong Shengbei is controlled bio tech ltd.
2, laboratory animal
60 of Male Kunming strain mice, body weight 25 ± 1g.
3, experimental technique and result
60 of Male Kunming strain mice, fasting 18h, selecting 10 Mus at random is the normal control group, all the other 50 the quick lumbar injection streptozotocin of mice 120mg/kg, the preparation diabetes model, the drug administration by injection volume is 0.02ml/g.The isopyknic citric acid of normal control group lumbar injection-trisodium citrate buffer.After the modeling 48 hours, diabetic symptoms such as polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia all appear in injection streptozotocin mice.Randomly draw 5, the tail vein is got blood and is detected fasting glucose with blood glucose meter, and blood glucose value all is higher than 11.2mmol/L, and the model success is described, subsequently 50 mices are divided into 5 groups at random by body weight, are respectively high dose group 100mg/kg, middle dosage group 50mg/kg, low dose group 20mg/kg; Model group and positive drug matched group (insoral group).Each dosage treated animal is irritated stomach and is given corresponding medicine, and normal control and model control group give isopyknic drinking water, irritates the long-pending 0.5ml/20g mice of body of stomach, irritates stomach every day 1 time, continuous irrigation stomach 6 days.In administration the 6th day, 2 hours gastric infusions of mice fasting, behind the medicine 1 hour, each was organized mice and plucks eyeball and get blood, measures the mice fasting glucose with full automatic biochemical apparatus.
Testing result shows, compares with the normal control group, and model group mouse blood sugar level obviously increases (P<0.01).Compare with model group, the large, medium and small dosage group of Hubei Chinese flowering crabapple total flavones is obvious blood sugar lowering level all, illustrates that this extract has blood sugar reducing function.
Two, Hubei caval vine general flavone extract acute toxicity test
Get 20 of normal mouses, male and female half and half are irritated stomach and are given Hubei caval vine general flavone extract, and high dose reaches the maximum administration concentration and the maximum administration volume of mice of permission, none death of animal as a result, and health condition is good, the fur light, mobility is good.Put to death animal after 14 days, the perusal main organs shows no obvious abnormalities.Show that this extract toxicity is minimum.
Conclusion: as can be seen by above-mentioned preliminary pharmacodynamic experiment, the Hubei caval vine general flavone extract oral administration can obviously reduce streptozotocin and cause the mice diabetes, The acute toxicity tests shows that this extract toxicity is extremely low, can be used to prepare the medicine for the treatment of diabetes.