CN101534092A - Signals mixing circuit and communication device containing the same - Google Patents
Signals mixing circuit and communication device containing the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101534092A CN101534092A CNA2009101179893A CN200910117989A CN101534092A CN 101534092 A CN101534092 A CN 101534092A CN A2009101179893 A CNA2009101179893 A CN A2009101179893A CN 200910117989 A CN200910117989 A CN 200910117989A CN 101534092 A CN101534092 A CN 101534092A
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Abstract
A mixing circuit 1 includes: first and second source electrode ground amplifying circuits (11, 12); first and second signal output parts (21, 22); and first to fourth transistor groups (31-34) comprising transistors of n lines m rows connected between the first and second source electrode ground amplifying circuits (11, 12) and the first and second signal output parts (21, 22). The first to fourth transistor groups (31-34) are driven by nxmxk control signals (G1-G4). Therefore, the mixing circuit for performing action to signals of high-frequency wideband area like UWB-1R as well as intermittent action is realized.
Description
Technical field
[0001]
The present invention relates to the mixting circuit that communicator uses, particularly be applicable to the mixting circuit of ultra broadband UWB (Ultra Wide Band) communication and comprise the communicator of mixting circuit.
Background technology
[0002]
UWB communication is the communication mode that utilizes the frequency band territory of non-constant width to carry out the data communication of high-speed high capacity.In the communication mode of the signal that utilizes the wideband territory, mode and orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM:Orthogonal FrequencyDivision Multiplexing) with employing frequency spectrum diffusion of prior art, and UWB is the communication mode that utilizes the territory of wideband more of very short pulse of time, is known as the communication of impulse radio (IR:Impulse Radio) mode again.Below, its note is made UWB-IR (ultra-wideband pulse radio) or remembered the IR mode of doing simply.In the IR mode, do not rely on the modulation of prior art, only just can modulation with the time shaft operation, be expected to simplify circuit and reduction power consumption (with reference to patent documentation 1,2,3).
[0003]
At first, Figure 12 (A) illustrates the typical block diagram of UWB R-T unit of the IR mode of prior art, and this figure (B), (C) illustrate the sequential chart of telling about its action summary.Use them simply to tell about its action and principle here.
[0004]
The data that send are transfused to terminal 1201.Pulse generating circuit 1202 produces the pulse in wideband territory.At this moment, receive the transmission data-signal that is transfused to terminal 1201, the pulse that produces is implemented the modulation of regulation.As the mode of modulation, the pulse position modulation (PPM:Pulse Position Modulation) of the generation position that often using staggers produces pulse and make 2 of the polarity inversion that produces pulse modulate (BPM:Bi-Phase Modulation) etc. mutually.Figure 12 (B) illustrates the waveform of PPM, and Figure 12 (C) illustrates the waveform of BPM.In the figure, represent bit 1 or 0 with solid line and dotted line respectively.By transmitting antenna 1203, the pulse that produces modulation like this is transmitted into the space.
[0005]
Then, tell about the summary of the typical receiving system of prior art.Signal with reception antenna 1204 receives after low noise amplifier circuit (LNA:Low Noise Amplifier) amplification, sends to mixting circuit 1206.At this moment, suitably remove the processing such as gradeization of the distortion that in transmission line, causes.As the example of distortion, displacement of the frequency that distortion that multipath causes and Doppler effect cause etc. is arranged,
[0006]
By the received signal that LNA1205 amplifies, send to mixting circuit 1206, multiply each other with the model pulse that model pulse generating circuit 1208 takes place.Mixting circuit 1206 is a kind of mlultiplying circuits, exports the multiplication value of 2 signals (at this moment being received signal and model pulse).The signal of mixting circuit 1206 outputs is integrated circuit 1210 smoothings, is differentiated circuit 1212 differentiations according to the bit information that its result sends, and is exported by terminal 1213 as demodulation output.In other words, mixting circuit 1206 and integrating circuit 1210 constitute correlator, and the correlation of received signal and model pulse is calculated by this circuit.Judging circuit 1212 is judged the signal that (demodulation) sends according to the result of calculation of correlation.
[0007]
Now, according to the sequential chart of Figure 12 (B), (C), tell about the summary of action of UWB R-T unit of the IR mode of prior art.
[0008]
Be received the received signal b that antenna 1204 receives, LNA1205 amplifies, become the sort of waveform shown in Figure 12 (B).In following telling about, when solid line is represented to send bit 1, when dotted line is represented to send bit 0.Model pulse generating circuit 1208, the model pulse c of the sort of bit 1 shown in generation Figure 12 (B).Mixting circuit 1206 multiplies each other received signal b and model pulse c, output multiplication result signal e.Multiplication result signal e is integrated circuit 1210 integrations, remove radio-frequency component after, the input judging circuit 1212.In judging circuit 1212,, judge as the information that sends according to the size of correlation.
[0009]
Situation when the signal that detects bit 1 more than is shown.When detecting the signal of bit 0, model pulse generating circuit 1208, the model pulse c of replacement bit 1 usefulness, the model pulse d of generation bit 0 usefulness, mixting circuit 1206 multiplies each other received signal b and model pulse d, output multiplication result signal f.
[0010]
Like this, will calculate usually and the correlation of model pulse after the demodulated received mode, be called " synchronous detection mode ".In the synchronous detection mode, the moment of model pulse and received signal must be in full accord.In the example of the prior art of enumerating, adopt following method to follow the tracks of synchronously here:, to adjust the model pulse generation moment of model pulse generating circuit 1208, so that make correlation become maximum all the time according to the result of determination of judging circuit 1212.This action generally is not easy to carry out, but is accompanied by the progress of recent device technology and Digital Signal Processing, order about them after, promptly use high frequency also can carry out stable action.
[0011]
Figure 12 (C) is the figure of summary of action of UWB R-T unit of the IR mode of the prior art when telling about BPM.Be received the received signal g that antenna 1204 receives, LNA1205 amplifies, multiplied each other with the model pulse h that model pulse generating circuit 1208 takes place, become multiplication result signal i by mixting circuit 1206.Multiplication result signal i is integrated circuit 1210 and removes radio-frequency component, and it is positive and negative in after 1212 differentiations of differentiation circuit, and the bit information that can judge transmission is 1 or 0.Even replace integrating circuit 1210, use low pass filter (LPF), in fact also with obtain correlation and be equal to.
[0012]
In the UWB of IR mode communication, signal is intermittent, and as the arrowband field communication of prior art, signal does not continue.Therefore, as everyone knows: only when received signal (perhaps expect can received signal) is arranged, to the circuit supply power of receiver, then behind the open circuit, just can not cut down the power consumption (for example with reference to non-patent literature 1) of whole receiving system significantly when having received signal.
[0013]
In Figure 12 (A), pulse generating circuit 1202 and model pulse generating circuit 1208 for example can use the circuit shown in non-patent literature 1 and the non-patent literature 2.These circuit can design according to following method: can be made of digital circuit, use CMOS (Complementary MetalOxide Semiconductor, complementary burning film semiconductor), only when signal is arranged, consumes electric power, do not consume electric power when not having signal.Particularly in non-patent literature 2, can produce short pulse near the high frequency of the limit of the semiconductor element of forming circuit, may produce the sort of band territory that can in UWB, use very broad be the little pulse of width.And, the power consumption in the time of can significantly reducing standby when not signaling.
[0014]
In addition, for example in non-patent literature 1 and non-patent literature 3, also introduced and only when signal is arranged, made its action, the minimum low noise amplifier circuit 1205 of time power consumption in addition.
[0015]
Figure 13 is the low noise amplifier circuit 1300 of non-patent literature 3.Low noise amplifier circuit 1300 uses 2 identical circuit 1311,1312 in order to amplify differential signal.In circuit 1311, N channel transistor 1301,1302 is known as grid-the moon and connects, be that the N channel transistor 1301 of source ground and the N channel transistor 1302 of grounded-grid vertically are connected the amplifying circuit that the back constitutes, often be used as low noise amplifier circuit and use.
[0016]
Differential wave RF+ is added to terminal 1308 outward, behind the match circuit that is made of capacitor 1305 and inductor 1304, is added to the grid of the N channel transistor 1301 of source ground outward.By N channel transistor 1301 amplifying signals, by the terminal 1306 outer N channel transistors 1302 that add to grounded-grid (Bias2), after the amplification, the voltage drop that utilizes inductor 1303 to produce, thereby picked up signal IF+.
[0017]
Terminal 1309 is the terminals of grid bias (Biasl) that give the N channel transistor 1301 of source ground, through resistance 1310 back applying bias (Bias1).In addition, terminal 1306 is terminals of the grid bias (Bias2) that gives N channel transistor 1302, control this bias voltage (Bias2) after, can control the electric current that flows into amplifying circuit (N channel transistor 1301,1302).In other words, when making the amplifying circuit action, give suitable bias voltage (Bias2); When not needing to make the amplifying circuit action, make this magnitude of voltage become minimum (for example becoming earthing potential).At this moment, become zero because flow into the electric current of the route of inductor 1303, N channel transistor 1302,1301, so when not needing to make the amplifying circuit action, make the current potential (Bias2) that gives terminal 1306 become minimum, thereby after making it stop action, can make circuital current become zero.In UWB-IR, when not having signal, make the current potential of terminal 1306 become minimum, thereby can reduce the power consumption of low noise amplifier circuit.
[0018]
In mixting circuit 1206, can use the double balancing circuitry type frequency mixer (being called the Gilbert circuit again) that is widely used usually.But when paying attention to electric power especially, can also use the follower frequency mixer that adopts switch elements such as CMOS transistor.
[0019]
Patent documentation 1: No. 6421389 specification of United States Patent (USP)
Patent documentation 2: U.S. Patent Application Publication 2003/0108133A1 specification
Patent documentation 3: No. 2001/0033576 specification of U.S. Patent Application Publication
Non-patent literature 1:A CMOS IMPULSE RADIO ULTRA-WIDEBAND TRANCEIVERFOR IMb/s DATA CMMUNICAIION AND 2.5cm RANGE FINDINGS T.Terada et.a1,2005Symposium on VLSI Circuits Digest of Technical Papers, pp.30-33
Non-patent literature 2:A Low-Power Template Generator for CoherentImpulse-RadioUltra Wide-Band Receivers.Jose Luis et.al, Proceedings IEEE ICUWB, 2006 pp97-102
Non-patent literature 3:AO.18 μ m CMOS Switchable Low-Power LNA forImpulse Radio Ultra Wide-Band Receivers.E.Barajas et.al, Proceedings IEEE ICUWB, 2006
[0020]
In the communicator of the UWB shown in Figure 12 (A)-IR mode, told about the technology that only when signal is arranged, makes the effective intermitten of circuit that adopts, reduce the situation of the power consumption of entire circuit.Constitute each circuit key element of communicator, certainly require only when the signal in the high frequency wideband territory of handling UWB-IR, to carry out high speed motion, but particularly pulse generating circuit 1202 and model pulse generating circuit 1208, low noise amplifier circuit 1205 have designed the circuit of the excellence that possesses this high speed motion performance and intermitten function., there is not the circuit that is suitable for this action in mixting circuit (mlultiplying circuit) 1206.The double balancing circuitry type frequency mixer of prior art can not carry out above-mentioned the sort of intermitten.In addition, do not consume the follower frequency mixer of electric power, exist the less problem of conversion gain.
[0021]
In addition, at the communicator of the UWB-IR mode of prior art, particularly in its receiving system, also exist following problem: must distinguish the requisite key element of independent composite design---constitute behind low noise amplifier circuit, frequency mixer and the model pulse generating circuit.
Summary of the invention
[0022]
The present invention is intended to solve at least a portion in the above-mentioned problem, can be used as following form or be suitable for example to realize.
[0023]
[being suitable for example 1]
A kind of mixting circuit, it is characterized in that, be that output mixes the 1st input signal and the 1st output signal of the 2nd input signal and the mixting circuit of the 2nd output signal, comprise: the 1st source ground amplifying circuit, the 1st source ground amplifying circuit amplifies described the 1st input signal; The 2nd source ground amplifying circuit, the 2nd source ground amplifying circuit amplifies described the 2nd input signal; The 1st signal efferent, the 1st signal efferent is exported described the 1st output signal; The 2nd signal efferent, the 2nd signal efferent is exported described the 2nd output signal; The 1st transistor group, the 1st transistor group are included in the transistor of the capable m row of the n that connects between described the 1st source ground amplifying circuit and described the 1st signal efferent (n is the integer more than 2, and m is the integer more than 2); The 2nd transistor group, the 2nd transistor group are included in the transistor of the capable m row of the n that connects between described the 1st source ground amplifying circuit and described the 2nd signal efferent; The 3rd transistor group, the 3rd transistor group are included in the transistor of the capable m row of the n that connects between described the 2nd source ground amplifying circuit and described the 1st signal efferent; The 4th transistor group, the 4th transistor group are included in the transistor of the capable m row of the n that connects between described the 2nd source ground amplifying circuit and described the 2nd signal efferent; N * m * k control signal wire, these control signal wires have been imported n * m * k (k the is 1 or 2) control signal that drives described the 1st transistor group and described the 2nd transistor group and drive described the 3rd transistor group and described the 4th transistor group.
[0024]
After adopting this structure, according to n * m * k control signal, suitably make the 1st～the 4th transistor group bias voltage after, can make mixting circuit have the function of low noise amplifier circuit.In addition, can utilize the method that gives of n * m * k control signal of the grid that gives the 1st～the 4th transistor group, carry out colourful mixing action.In other words, when n * m * k control signal comprises the sort of current potential that disconnects the 1st～the 4th transistor group, give this current potential after, can open circuit, stop action.Like this, the action of the circuit in the time of can disconnecting not reduces power consumption.In addition, can also utilize the combination of n * m * k control signal, carry out the action of the signal input of the frequency higher equivalently than control signal.Particularly,, be equivalent to the action of the signal input of the frequency higher equivalently than control signal so can utilize the combination of n * m * k control signal because can control the 1st～the 4th transistor group according to n * m * k control signal.When particularly handling UWB one IR signal, can not use the model of UWB-IR synthetic equivalently according to control signal pulsedly, input signal and this synthetic equivalently model pulse are multiplied each other in inside.
[0025]
[being suitable for example 2]
In above-mentioned mixting circuit, it is characterized in that: at least one in described n * m * k control signal comprises the current potential that disconnects described the 1st transistor group, described the 2nd transistor group, described the 3rd transistor group and described the 4th transistor group.
[0026]
After adopting this structure, when not needing circuit operation, can disconnect the current potential of the 1st～the 4th transistor group, thus open circuit, stop the action.Like this, the action of the mixting circuit in the time of can disconnecting not reduces power consumption.When particularly handling the such intermittent signal of UWB-IR, can be when input pulse signal not, the action of halt circuit reduces power consumption.
[0027]
[being suitable for example 3]
In above-mentioned mixting circuit, it is characterized in that: described n * m * k control signal is 2 values, and a current potential in described 2 values is the current potential that disconnects described the 1st transistor group, described the 2nd transistor group, described the 3rd transistor group and described the 4th transistor group; Another current potential is the bias value that gives the regulation of described the 1st transistor group, described the 2nd transistor group, described the 3rd transistor group and described the 4th transistor group.
[0028]
After adopting this structure, do not need mixting circuit when action, can disconnect the current potential of the 1st～the 4th transistor group, thereby open circuit, stopping action.In addition, make another current potential become the bias value that gives the 1st～the 4th transistor group after, can with mixting circuit as the coupling amplifying circuit, thereby can have mixer function the basis on, also have the function of low noise amplifier circuit.
[0029]
[being suitable for example 4]
A kind of communicator is characterized in that: comprise above-mentioned mixting circuit.
[0030]
After adopting this structure, because mixting circuit integrates the function of low noise amplifier circuit, the function of mixting circuit, the colourful controlled function that n * m * k control signal is brought, the function of disconnection mixting circuit economize on electricity, so use the communicator of this mixting circuit, its structure can be extremely simple.
[0031]
[being suitable for example 5]
A kind of communicator, it is characterized in that: be to receive the communicator that comprises the UWB-IR signal that constitutes behind the above-mentioned mixting circuit, described n * m * k control signal of described mixting circuit comprises the model pulse big pulse signal of width than described UWB-IR signal.
[0032]
After adopting this structure, because (be low frequency) control signal bigger than the model pulse of the UWB-IR signal of said structure according to width, after controlling the 1st～the 4th transistor group, can in mixting circuit, produce the model signal of UWB-IR equivalently, so do not need signal to the high frequency wideband territory of model pulse of mixting circuit input UWB-IR signal and so on.And then, because mixting circuit possesses the function of function, the mixting circuit of low noise amplifier circuit simultaneously, according to the function of the synthetic model signal of control signal, disconnect the function of mixting circuit power saving, so use the communicator of this mixting circuit, can make its structure very simple.Particularly in the communicator of the intermittent signal of the sort of processing of UWB-IR, very effective.
[0033]
[being suitable for example 6]
A kind of communicator is characterized in that: be to comprise the communicator that constitutes behind the above-mentioned mixting circuit, described n * m * k control signal of described mixting circuit comprises at least and has frequency f
1Composition signal and have a frequency f
2The signal of composition; The frequency f of the signal that receives
r, with described frequency f
1And described frequency f
2Some unanimities in sum or the difference.
[0034]
After adopting this structure, since mixting circuit possess simultaneously function, the mixting circuit of low noise amplifier circuit function, according to control signal carry out colourful control function, disconnect the function of mixting circuit power saving, so use the communicator of this mixting circuit, can make its structure very simple.Particularly, use to have frequency f as control signal
1, f
2Behind the signal Deng 2 frequency contents, can in output signal, obtain f
r-(f
1± f
2) signal.Like this, make (f
1+ f
2) or (f
1-f
2) and f
rAfter as one man selecting, the direct frequency translation of received signal can be become base band.Therefore, can constitute receiving system that adopt to wait for conversion regime, and because do not use the local oscillating frequency identical, so can avoid debatable DC biasing problem in the receiving system of the wait conversion regime of prior art with the frequency of received signal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the structure of the mixting circuit that relates to of expression the 1st execution mode.
Fig. 2 is the sequential chart of the terminal of the mixting circuit that relates to of expression the 1st execution mode.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram that expression produces the logical circuit of the control signal that gives mixting circuit.
Fig. 4 is a sequential chart of telling about the action of the logical circuit that produces the control signal that gives mixting circuit.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram that expression produces the logical circuit of the control signal that gives mixting circuit.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of telling about the mixting circuit that the 2nd execution mode relates to.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of telling about other example of the mixting circuit that the 2nd execution mode relates to.
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of telling about the mixting circuit that the 3rd execution mode relates to.
Fig. 9 is a sequential chart of telling about the action of the circuit that produces the control signal give the mixting circuit that the 3rd execution mode relates to.
The communicator of UWB-IR that the mixting circuit that Figure 10 is to use the 4th execution mode to relate to constitutes.
The receiver that the mixting circuit that Figure 11 is to use the 5th execution mode to relate to constitutes.
Figure 12 is the block diagram of communicator of telling about the UWB-IR of prior art, and sequential chart.
Figure 13 is the low noise amplifier circuit of prior art.
Embodiment
[0035]
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, tell about the execution mode of mixting circuit.
[0036]
(the 1st execution mode)
The structure of＜mixting circuit 〉
At first, with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, tell about the structure of the mixting circuit that the 1st execution mode relates to.Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram of the structure of the mixting circuit that relates to of expression the 1st execution mode.Fig. 2 is the sequential chart of the terminal of the mixting circuit that relates to of expression the 1st execution mode.
[0037]
As shown in Figure 1, mixting circuit 1 is made of following parts: the 1st source ground amplifying circuit---source ground amplifying circuit 11, the 2nd source ground amplifying circuit---source ground amplifying circuit 12, the 1st signal efferent---signal efferent 21, the 2nd signal efferent---signal efferent 22, the 1 transistor groups---transistor group 31, the 2 transistor groups---transistor group 32, the 3rd transistor group---transistor group 33, the 4 transistor groups---transistor group 34.
[0038]
Source ground amplifying circuit 11 is made of N channel transistor 101 (the source terminal ground connection of this N channel transistor 101, drain terminal is connected with wiring 13), capacitor 105, inductor 107 and resistance 109.Capacitor 105 and inductor 107 are connected between the gate terminal of input terminal 103 and N channel transistor 101.Resistance 109 connects between the connecting line of capacitor 105 and inductor 107 and input terminal 111.The 1st input signal---differential wave RF+ fan-in 103.
[0039]
Source ground amplifying circuit 12 is made of N channel transistor 102 (the source terminal ground connection of this N channel transistor 102, drain terminal is connected with wiring 14), capacitor 106, inductor 108 and resistance 110.Capacitor 106 and inductor 108 are connected between the gate terminal of input terminal 104 and N channel transistor 102.Resistance 110 connects between the connecting line of capacitor 106 and inductor 108 and input terminal 111.The 2nd input signal---differential wave RF-fan-in 104.
[0040]
Supply with bias voltage Bias to input terminal 111.Bias voltage Bias adds to the gate terminal of N channel transistor 101 outward by resistance 109 and inductor 107.In addition, bias voltage Bias adds to the gate terminal of N channel transistor 102 outward also by resistance 110 and inductor 108.
[0041]
Signal efferent 21 is by constituting at the power supply terminal 136 of additional power source voltage VDD and the inductor 134 that connects between 23 that connects up.Export the 1st output signal---output signal IF-lead-out terminal 121 23 be connected with wiring.
[0042]
[0043]
[0044]
[0045]
[0046]
[0047]
Import (n * m * k=2 * 2=* 1) 4 control signal G1, G2, G3, G4 respectively to control signal wire 130,131,132,133.The transistorized grid of control signal G1, G2, G3, G4 input transistor formed group 31 and transistor group 32, and the transistorized grid of input transistor formed group 33 and transistor group 34 then drives these transistors.
[0048]
In the present embodiment, as differential wave IF+, IF-an example, the situation of UWB-IR signal is shown, as shown in Figure 2, enumerated period T, the spike train in pulse pointer number=4 cycles.The sort of differential wave IF+, IF shown in Figure 2-, for example when the antenna with balanced type receives above-mentioned UWB-IR signal etc., can obtain.These differential waves IF+, IF-, process adds to the gate terminal of N channel transistor 101,102 outward by the input matching circuit that capacitor 105,106 and inductor 107,108 constitute respectively.
[0049]
After the N channel transistor 112,113 of series connection gives the identical voltage of separately gate terminal, can be considered as that a raceway groove is long to be the transistor of L1+L2.Here, L1, L2 are respectively that the raceway groove of N channel transistor 112,113 is long.The N channel transistor 112,113 of series connection is used as a transistor, after the drain electrode that is considered as N channel transistor 101 is attached thereto, just can thinks that these transistors 112,113,101 become the grid of prior art shown in Figure 13-the moon connection.
[0050]
Except above-mentioned N channel transistor 112,113, N channel transistor 101 also with the N channel transistor 114,115 of connecting, N channel transistor 116,117,118,119 parallel connections of N channel transistor.The gate terminal of these 8 N channel transistors 112～119, adopt the sort of connection shown in Figure 1 after, control signal G1, the G2 that controlled signal line 130,131,132,133 gives, G3, G4 control.
[0051]
Give control signal wire 130,131,132,133 the sort of control signal G1, G2, G3, G4 shown in Figure 2 respectively.These control signals G1～G4 supposes to get minimum value V
0, maximum V
12 values, according to the sort of order shown in Figure 2, through changing behind the less transit time.How producing sort signal will tell about later.In addition, for the ease of later telling about, as shown in Figure 2, with moment of each signals migrate be defined as t1, t2 ,～t9.In addition, in Fig. 2, only amplify and draw the part that has intermittent UWB-IR signal.In fact, there is not the moment t1 of signal to reach the later time of t9 constantly in the past, more than long during moment t1～t9.
[0052]
Now, with minimum value V
0As the sort of low voltage value that breaks N channel transistor 112～119 and N channel transistor 122～129 at Fig. 1, with maximum V
1Gate bias value during as the transistor that the N channel transistor 112～119 of these series connection and N channel transistor 122～129 is considered as a grounded-grid level.Select minimum value V in this wise
0And maximum V
1After, N channel transistor 112,113 all becomes maximum V at control signal G1, G2 just as shown in Figure 2
1Moment t2～t3 during and constantly t6～t7 during, move as the grounded-grid level.Equally, N channel transistor 114,115 all becomes maximum V at control signal G3, G4
1Moment t4～t5 during and constantly t8～t9 during, move as the grounded-grid level.In addition, N channel transistor 126,127 all becomes maximum V at control signal G2, G3
1Moment t3～t4 during and constantly t7～t8 during, move as the grounded-grid level; N channel transistor 128,129 all becomes maximum V at control signal G1, G4
1Moment t1～t2 during and constantly t5～t6 during, move as the grounded-grid level.
[0053]
Therefore, during moment t1～t2 in, inductor 134 detects and is amplified by N channel transistor 102 (counter-rotating) and then by grounded-grid level (this grounded-grid level is produced by N channel transistor 128,129) amplifying signal.In addition, same during moment t2～t3 in, inductor 134 detects N channel transistor 112,113 amplifying signals that amplified and then connected by N channel transistor 101.Below same, in each period T/2, switch the drain electrode output of N channel transistor 101,102, inductor 134 detects the grounded-grid level amplifying signal that the transistor with series connection produces, as output signal IF-to lead-out terminal 121 outputs.
[0054]
On the other hand, inductor 135 utilizes and promptly utilizes N channel transistor 116 with being connected of above-mentioned complementarity, 117 during t7～t8 during moment t3～t4 and constantly, also utilize N channel transistor 118,119 during t5～t6 during moment t1～t2 and constantly, grounded-grid amplifies the drain electrode output of N channel transistor 101, and then utilize N channel transistor 122,123 during t6～t7 during moment t2～t3 and constantly, also utilize N channel transistor 124,125 during t8～t9 during moment t4～t5 and constantly, grounded-grid amplifies the drain electrode output of N channel transistor 102, exports to lead-out terminal 120 as output signal IF+.
[0055]
Generally speaking, respectively with maximum V
1, minimum value V
0After being applied to true, the puppet of 2 value signals, logical formula Ga=G1 * G4+G2 * G3 is a true time, the differential wave RF+ that enters input terminal 103 just is output terminal 120 (counter-rotating) and amplifies back output, enters the differential wave RF of input terminal 104-then be output terminal 121 (counter-rotating) and amplifies the back and export.In addition, logical formula Gb=G1 * G2+G3 * G4 is a true time, enters that the differential wave RF of input terminal 104-just being output terminal 120 (counter-rotating) amplifies back output, and the differential wave RF+ that enters input terminal 103 then is output terminal 121 and amplifies back output.Promptly t1 in the past or after the moment t9, mixting circuit 1 is disconnected, and does not consume electric power constantly for all non-true time of above-mentioned 2 logical formula Ga, Gb.Like this, just export the difference Ga-Gb of 2 value signals that above-mentioned 2 logical formula Ga, Gb produce and differential wave RF+, RF-multiplication result.
[0056]
Resemble set control signal G1～G4 Fig. 2 after, the model signal equivalence that the difference Ga-Gb of 2 value signals of Fig. 2 just communicates by letter with UWB-IR and uses, this mixting circuit 1 can be brought into play the part of functions of low noise amplifier circuit, mlultiplying circuit and model pulse generating circuit.In other words, in the UWB-IR receiver structure figure of the prior art shown in Figure 12 (A), can replace the part back of low noise amplifier circuit 1205, mlultiplying circuit 1206 and model pulse generating circuit 1208 and use.In the mixting circuit 1 of present embodiment, do not need from the pulse of outside supply model.In UWB-IR communication, as the model pulse that the model signal uses, speed is very high, usually becomes the limiting frequency degree of the element that constitutes machine.But in the mixting circuit 1 of present embodiment, do not need to produce the signal of this high speed.In addition, the mixting circuit of present embodiment 1 is not because consume electric power when not having the model pulse, so do not resemble the switching circuit that needs the switching of control circuit power supply the prior art.
[0057]
Fig. 3 is an example of the logical circuit 300 of control signal G1～G4 of telling about more than generating, and Fig. 4 is the sequential chart that generates the logical circuit 300 of control signal G1～G4.Below, for the ease of telling about, with the output of negative logic and circuit (NOR) 301,302,303,304 respectively as Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, in order to represent the state of output valve separately, for example note is made (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)=(L, L, H, H), and perhaps note is made (LLHH) simply.Its expression NOR301,302 output valve be that puppet, NOR303,304 output valve are very.
[0058]
Control circuit 305 receives the enabling signal SS shown in Figure 4 of input terminal 311, produces and is intended to logical circuit 300 initializing signal IS.In addition, terminal 310 is transfused to puppet (L) all the time.NOR301,304 can be 2 input NOR, but is connected 3 input NOR in order to keep with NOR302,303 symmetry.In logical circuit 300, the output signal Q1 of NOR301 becomes Q1=X (Q2+Q4), the output signal Q2 of NOR302 becomes Q2=X (Q1+Q3+IS), and the output signal Q3 of NOR303 becomes Q3=X (Q1+Q4+IS), and the output signal Q4 of NOR304 becomes Q4=X (Q2+Q3).Here, X is the signal of negating of presentation logic, be prepended to logical formula or logical value after, what represent this logic negates.
[0059]
Below, with reference to the sequential chart of Fig. 4, tell about the action of the logical circuit 300 of Fig. 3.
[0060]
At first, in the inactive state before moment tb, the initializing signal IS that control circuit 305 produces becomes H, therefore becomes (Q2, Q3)=(L, L).Like this, just become (Q1, Q4)=(L, H).In other words, before moment tb, continue to keep the state of (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4)=(L, L, L, H).
[0061]
In moment ta, after enabling signal SS rises, echo with it, control circuit 305 descends initializing signal IS in order to make circuit operation.In other words, since moment ta, be accompanied by delay, changing in moment tb becomes IS=L.
[0062]
During initializing signal IS=L, NOR301 and NOR302 form the rest-set flip-flop circuit.Because NOR303 and NOR304 form the rest-set flip-flop circuit too, apply positive feedback ground and connect, so logical circuit 300 starting oscillations.In other words, be accompanied by the delay of the circuit operation of NOR, constantly after the t1, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 be (LHLH) → change just (LHHL) → (HLHL) → (HLLH).Control circuit 305 monitors Q3 or Q4, when pulse pointer number becomes the value of regulation, make initializing signal IS=H after, can stop above-mentioned vibration, can recover initial inactive state.
[0063]
After making above-mentioned output signal Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 and G1=Q2, G2=Q3, G3=Q1, G4=Q4 corresponding, just become control signal Q1, Q2, Q3, the Q4 of Fig. 1.The transit time of the retardation that depends on NOR301～304 is set in the model pulse that generates behind output signal Q1, the Q2 that combinator circuit 300 can be produced, Q3, the Q4 for.Though may be corresponding with the sort of short model pulse that UWB-IR communication can be used, above-mentioned control signal Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 be speed more than the low signal of model pulse, it is very easy that this constitutes the circuit of logical circuit 300.In addition, the frequency adjustment when using as the model pulse can be adopted the supply voltage of control NOR301～304, and methods such as its load are adjusted in the additional output back of giving of electric capacity that perhaps will become the little electric capacity of load, and are consistent with the purpose frequency.
[0064]
Fig. 5 illustrates an example of other logical circuit 500 that generates control signal G1～G4.In Fig. 5, utilize transistor 501,502,503,504,505 to form differential amplifier circuit.N channel transistor 501 forms the current source of restricting circuits electric current, restricting circuits electric current.After controlling this circuital current, the response time of differential amplifier circuit changes, the retardation of can control signal transmitting.In other words, can be with corresponding by the voltage VS of the grid that adds to N channel transistor 501 outside the terminal 516, the pulse duration of the signal that control produces.
[0065]
P channel transistor 504,505 is that the grid of p channel transistor 504,505 is connected with mutual drain electrode, forms so-called cross-couplings circuit with the load of the differential amplifying stage of N channel transistor 502,503 formation.Mutual variation is emphasized in this connection, makes the skew minimum of signals migrate.N channel transistor 507 is intended to the fixedly switch of initial condition, can switch initial condition and operate condition according to the initializing signal IS that is added by terminal 515.In other words, when the current potential of initializing signal IS is higher, forcibly make N channel transistor 507 become on-state, forcibly make the drain potential (Q2) of p channel transistor 505 become L, logical circuit 500 is fixed to initial state.In addition, when the current potential of initializing signal IS was low, N channel transistor 507 disconnected, and logical circuit 500 becomes operate condition.The grid potential of N channel transistor 506 is fixed as earthing potential all the time, becomes off-state all the time.Though this N channel transistor 506 brings direct influence to action hardly, for the good balance (symmetry) of the action that obtains differential amplifier and add.
[0066]
The circuit that forms by transistor 508～514 and more than the circuit that forms by transistor 501～507 told about same, constitute differential amplifier circuit.These 2 differential amplifier circuits are vertically connected, carry out the sort of connection shown in Figure 5, thereby after making output return input side, just become the oscillating circuit of output with becoming positive feedback with 4 phases.The same action of circuit of utilization and Fig. 3, control can obtain above-mentioned control signal Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4 after adding to the initializing signal IS of terminal 515 outward.In other words, the output signal that makes the drain electrode of transistor 504,505,511,512 is Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, is cushioned device 518 bufferings respectively and amplifies the back taking-up, just becomes control signal Q3, Q1, Q2, Q4 respectively.
[0067]
After the present embodiment of telling about more than the employing, can obtain following effect.
[0068]
In the mixting circuit 1 of present embodiment, can utilize the transistorized control signal (Q1～Q4), when not needing circuit operation, disconnect the intermitten of mixting circuit 1 that connects.Like this, after UWB-IR utilizes like that in the communicator of signal at intermittence, uses mixting circuit 1, can cut down the power consumption of whole device.
[0069]
In addition, in the mixting circuit 1 of present embodiment, because can also be considered as grid-the moon at low noise amplifier circuit connect in the frequency mixer circuit of grounded-grid level of packing into, so can also have the function of low noise amplifier circuit having on the basis of mixer function.And in the low noise amplifier circuit and mixting circuit of prior art, electric current flows out from power supply respectively, and different therewith, in mixting circuit 1, the circuit that electric current flows through becomes one.Therefore, compare, can cut down the electric power of circuitry consumes with the circuit structure that adopts prior art.
[0070]
And then, in the prior art,, carry out multiplying with received signal to frequency mixer input model waveform.Different therewith, synthetic by the logic of grounded-grid level in mixting circuit 1, synthesize the model pulse.Therefore, do not need to the pulse of frequency mixer input model, can an incoming frequency more than the low signal of model pulse.In other words, need not generate the model pulse for the input of mixting circuit 1.Like this, when UWB-IR and so on must handle model pulse near the sort of high frequency of the limit of circuit element, circuit design was very easy to.
[0071]
In addition, in the structure of the receiver of the UWB-IR of prior art, require the model pulse of input mixer to have very big amplitude, therefore must possess the drive circuit of the model pulse amplification that will produce with suitable model pulse generating circuit.Because the frequency height of handling is so the design of these circuit is rather thorny.And in the present embodiment,, just can synthesize the model pulse owing to utilize the combination of the control signal of input mixting circuit 1, so the signal of input mixting circuit 1, can be frequency more than the low signal of the frequency of model pulse, design is easy.Can omit in the prior art circuit such as requisite drive circuit, can also so that further economize on electricity.
[0072]
And then, when the mixting circuit of use prior art constitutes the receiver of the so-called directly conversion regime that makes received signal directly become base band, also exist the serious problem that produces so-called DC biasing, be that the local signal that local oscillator produces leaks into wireless signal (differential wave RF) rear flank, this signal is by the reflections such as mismatch of circuit, it is transformed into flip-flop under the effect of the local signal of itself.In the mixting circuit 1 of present embodiment, can not have the frequency content identical owing to be equivalent to the signal of local signal, so can not produce the problem of above-mentioned the sort of DC biasing and so on wireless signal.The mixting circuit 1 of present embodiment is in the communication that the signal in the territory, employing arrowband of prior art carries out, and effect is also very big.
[0073]
(the 2nd execution mode)
Then, tell about the 2nd execution mode of mixting circuit.In the 1st execution mode, signal efferent 21,22 uses inductors 134,135, takes out after amplified current signal transformation is become voltage.In general, when the mlultiplying circuit that mixting circuit (mlultiplying circuit) is used as UWB-IR and the mixting circuit of receiver were used for frequency translation, the frequency of the signal of taking-up was lower than input signal.At this moment, if utilize inductor to take out signal, just need the inductor of bigger value.When forming inductor on integrated circuit, be difficult to carry the very big inductor that can obtain enough big amplitude, at this moment signal amplitude also often diminishes.
[0074]
In this 2nd execution mode, 2 examples corresponding with above-mentioned situation are shown.Fig. 6 is the inductor 134,135 that replaces Fig. 1, uses the example of the mixting circuit 600 of the signal efferent 621,622 that connects resistance 601,602.After adopting this spline structure, mixting circuit 600 can not rely on the signal that inductance value ground takes out the low frequency composition.In the mixting circuit 600 of Fig. 6, in order to take out very big signal, resistance 601,602 causes very big voltage drop.Therefore, very big signal be obtained, just supply voltage VDD must be improved.
[0075]
Fig. 7 is the signal efferent 21,22 that replaces Fig. 1, uses the example of the mixting circuit 700 of signal efferent 721,722.Mixting circuit 700 can not cause that very big voltage drop ground takes out very big signal.P channel transistor 703,704 is connected by diode, constitutes current mirror circuits with p channel transistor 705,706 respectively.In other words, the signal code with p channel transistor 703,704 detects is duplicated back output by p channel transistor 705,706.These current mirror circuits are current sources, have very high impedance, thus design easily with the back grade of integrating circuit that is connected that is intended to constitute interlock circuit.In other words, connect capacitor 707,709 illustrated, just can obtain enough performances as long as resemble.The electric charge that is charged by capacitor when in addition, switch 708,710 is intended to discharge the beginning integration, the reset switch that restPoses.
[0076]
(the 3rd execution mode)
Follow again, tell about the 3rd execution mode of mixting circuit.In the 1st execution mode, the situation by the transistor transistor formed group 31～34 of 2 row, 2 row is shown.If increase the transistorized quantity of transistor group 31～34, just can make the pulse duration of control signal longer.Like this, can make the frequency content of control signal lower, circuit design is more prone to.In this 3rd execution mode, tell about the mixting circuit 800 of the transistor group 831～834 that use is made of the transistor of 2 row, 2 row.Mixting circuit 800, each control signal is only carried out 1 migration, as an example, can carry out multiplying with the model pulse of the same pulse pointer several 4 of the 1st execution mode, but be not limited to this situation, if increase the quantity of grounded-grid level, just can detect the pulse of more pulse pointer number.
[0077]
Fig. 8 (A) is the mixting circuit 800 of the 3rd execution mode, and Fig. 8 (B) is intended to produce the circuit legend of control signal.In Fig. 8 (A), all identical except the grounded-grid level that forms by serial transistor with Fig. 1, succinct for making narration, to carrying out the action part same, give the symbol identical with Fig. 1 with the circuit of Fig. 1, repeat no more.
[0078]
In Fig. 8 (A), with dashdotted oval 835 terminal group of surrounding, be that (terminal of n * m * k=2 * 4 * 2=) 16 control signal D1～D8, XD2～XD9 respectively according to the rule of telling about below, is connected with the grid of the transistor 801～832 of grounded-grid level in input.About the generation method of control signal D1～D8, XD2～XD9, will tell about with reference to Fig. 8 (B) later.In addition, Fig. 9 is a sequential chart of telling about control signal D1～D8, XD2～XD9 and their action in order to replenish.
[0079]
The N channel transistor 801～808 of transistor group 831 will be amplified by the N channel transistor 101 amplifying signal grounded-grids of grounded-grid level, be exported to lead-out terminal 121 by inductor 134.
[0080]
The N channel transistor 809～816 of transistor group 832 will be amplified by the N channel transistor 101 amplifying signal grounded-grids of grounded-grid level, be exported to lead-out terminal 120 by inductor 135.
[0081]
The N channel transistor 817～824 of transistor group 834 will be amplified by the N channel transistor 102 amplifying signal grounded-grids of grounded-grid level, be exported to lead-out terminal 120 by inductor 135.
[0082]
The N channel transistor 825～832 of transistor group 833 will be amplified by the N channel transistor 102 amplifying signal grounded-grids of grounded-grid level, be exported to lead-out terminal 121 by inductor 134.
[0083]
With above-mentioned the 1st execution mode tell about same, with control signal D1～D8, XD2～XD9 as getting minimum value V
0, maximum V
1The signals of 2 values, it is considered as logical value after, N channel transistor 801,802 is a true time in the logic product of control signal D1 and XD2 just, as the action of grounded-grid amplifying circuit, other the time disconnection.Other N channel transistor 803～808 of transistor group 831, it is right to form 3 groups of series connection, each group is a true time in logic product of control signal D3 and XD4, D5 and XD6, D7 and XD8, as the action of grounded-grid amplifying circuit, other the time disconnect.In other words, transistor group 831 is with i during as even number, D
I-1And XD
iLogic product be true time, as grounded-grid amplifying circuit action, other the time disconnect.
[0084]
The N channel transistor 817～824 of transistor group 834, because other N channel transistor 803～808 identical connected modes of employing and transistor group 831, so at D
I-1And XD
iLogic product be true time, as grounded-grid amplifying circuit action, other the time disconnect.
[0085]
The N channel transistor 809～816 of transistor group 832 and the N channel transistor 825～832 of transistor group 833 are at D
iAnd XD
I+1Logic product be true time, as grounded-grid amplifying circuit action, other the time disconnect.
[0086]
Like this, D
I-1And XD
iLogic product be true time, by N channel transistor 101 source ground amplifying signals, just amplified by N channel transistor 801～808 grounded-grids of transistor group 831, be output terminal 121 outputs then.In addition,, then amplified, be output terminal 120 outputs then by N channel transistor 817～824 grounded-grids of transistor group 834 at this moment by N channel transistor 102 source ground amplifying signals.
[0087]
D
iAnd XD
I+1Logic product be true time, by N channel transistor 101 source ground amplifying signals, just amplified by N channel transistor 809～816 grounded-grids of transistor group 832, be output terminal 120 outputs then.In addition,, then amplified, be output terminal 121 outputs then by N channel transistor 825～832 grounded-grids of transistor group 833 at this moment by N channel transistor 102 source ground amplifying signals.
[0088]
At D
I-1And XD
iLogic product and D
iAnd XD
I+1Logic product in, if o'clock all get summation (total logic and) in i=2～8, just become the such signal of SUM1, SUM2 of Fig. 9.After these 2 signal SUM1, SUM2 are considered as differential wave, just become the model signal that UWB-IR uses.
[0089]
By above action specification, suitably generate control signal D1～D8, XD2～XD9, make these D
I-1And XD
iLogic product and D
iAnd XD
I+1The signal that generates of logic product become the model pulse after, the lead-out terminal 120,121 of mixting circuit 800 just can obtain this model pulse and be transfused to differential wave IF+ that terminal 103,104 adds, IF-amplification after carry out the multiplication result calculated.
[0090]
Below, with reference to the sequential chart of the expression action of the logical circuit of Fig. 8 (B) and Fig. 9, tell about the generation method of control signal D1～D8, XD2～XD9.
[0091]
[0092]
Now, suppose with DO, XDO as enabling signal input delay circuit 841 after, be accompanied by the delay of regulation, output control signal XD1, D1.Below, signal is accompanied by delay successively, is delayed circuit 842～849 outputs, is output D2～D9, XD2～XD9.In addition, in the mixting circuit 800 of this 3rd execution mode, do not use XD1 and D9.
[0093]
At D
I-1And XD
iLogic product and D
iAnd XD
I+1Logic product in, if o'clock all get summation (total logic and) in i=2～8, just become the such signal of SUM1, SUM2 of Fig. 9.After these 2 waveforms are considered as differential wave, be exactly the pulse of the pulse pointer several 4 that uses of UWB-IR, the retardation of control lag circuit 841～849, make cycle of the pulse that itself and UWB-IR use consistent after, just become the model waveform of UWB-IR use.In the 1st execution mode,, need the control circuit 305 of numeration pointer number for predetermined pulse pointer number.And in this 3rd execution mode, owing to, determine pulse pointer number automatically, so do not need sort circuit according to the group number of the serial transistor of the quantity of delay circuit and grounded-grid amplifying stage.After pulse pointer number increased, the quantity of serial transistor also increased, and the influence of parasitic antennas such as parasitic capacitance is troubling, was the grounded-grid level but quantity becomes many, and it is low more than parasitic antenna usually that impedance is gone in the output of grounded-grid level, and its influence can not become big.
[0094]
Like this, behind the mixting circuit 800 of this 3rd execution mode of employing, the model signal ground low noise that can not generate UWB-IR amplifies received signal, and can obtain to carry out the multiplication result calculated with the model signal.In addition, owing to when not having received signal, the electric current of circuit can be disconnected, so the power consumption during standby is very low.In addition, because do not need to produce the model pulse, the 1 next state migration of delay circuit row can produce 1 plate pulse, so can reduce the circuit that high speed motion is carried out in requirement greatly.
[0095]
In above telling about,, produce by D with the rising of enabling signal DO
I-1And XD
iLogic product and D
iAnd XD
I+1The signal that generates of logic product, at this moment carry out and the multiplying of received signal.But to circuit a little after changing, can when descending, also carry out DO multiplying with the model signal.At this moment, because when delay circuit row consume both signals migrate of the rising of electric power and decline, also can carry out multiplying, so can increase according to the average receivable amount of information of circuitry consumes electric power.Therefore, the grid of each control signal with the serial transistor of grounded-grid amplifying stage is connected, and then on the basis of transistor group 831～834, installation, 4 transistor groups in parallel are so that make circuit at D
I-1And XD
iLogic product and D
iAnd XD
I+1The down action of state of logic product.
[0096]
The mixting circuit 800 of this 3rd execution mode, amplify at low noise, this amplifying signal and model signal are not carried out multiplying from outside input model signal ground at a high speed, and handle in the communicator of UWB～IR and so on of intermittent signal, possess the switching function that can carry out only when having effective signal, just consuming the intermitten of electric power simultaneously.Like this, the communicator that the mixting circuit 800 of this 3rd execution mode is used for UWB-IR especially for receiving system after, can reduce the power consumption of device significantly and simplify its structure.
[0097]
(the 4th execution mode)
Follow again, tell about the 4th execution mode of mixting circuit.Figure 10 illustrates the example that the mixting circuit that uses above-mentioned execution mode constitutes the communicator of UWB-IR.Figure 10 (A) illustrates dispensing device.The data that send, input terminal 1001.Pulse generating circuit 1002 produces the pulse in wideband territory.At this moment, receive the transmission data-signal of input terminal 1001, the pulse that produces is implemented the modulation of regulation.As the mode of modulation, the pulse position modulation (PPM:Pulse Position Modulation) of the generation position that often using staggers produces pulse and make 2 of the polarity inversion that produces pulse modulate (BPM:Bi-Phase Modulation) etc. mutually.By transmitting antenna 1003, the pulse that produces modulation is transmitted into the space.
[0098]
Can in pulse generating circuit 1002, use the mixting circuit of above-mentioned execution mode here.In other words, as the input signal of source ground level, can be with the information that sends after should serialization as baseband signal, fan-in 103,104 (Fig. 1,6,7,8).At this moment, when adopting PPM to send,, pulse position adjusts the moment of enabling signal (DO, the XDO that are equivalent to initializing signal IS, Fig. 8 of Fig. 3) for being staggered.In addition, when adopting BPM, then synchronously change the polarity of the signal of input terminal 103,104 with enabling signal.The mixting circuit of above-mentioned execution mode, because logic according to baseband signal and control signal Q1～Q4 (Fig. 1,3,5,7) or D1～D8 and XD2～XD9 (Fig. 8,9), the model pulse (Ga～Gb of Fig. 2, the SUM1 of Fig. 9, SUM2) that output is synthesized in mixting circuit and the multiplication calculated value of above-mentioned baseband signal are so also can carry out the modulation of UWB-IR simultaneously.
[0099]
Then, tell about the structure of the receiving system of the mixting circuit that uses above-mentioned execution mode with Figure 10 (B).With the signal that antenna 1004 receives, import the mixting circuit 1005 of above-mentioned execution mode.As mixting circuit 1005, can use the mixting circuit 1,600,700,800 shown in Fig. 1,6,7,8.These mixting circuits 1,600,700,800 can be handled differential wave, so antenna 1004 also can use the antenna of balanced type.After handling differential wave, can realize circuit low supply voltageization, reduce distorted signals etc.The mixting circuit of above-mentioned execution mode owing to possess the function of low noise amplification, the function that produces the model signal and carry out multiplying with amplifying signal simultaneously, can carry out above-mentioned action by enough circuit.Circuit 1006 is the circuit that produce the control signal that sends to mixting circuit 1005, can use the circuit shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 or Fig. 8 (B).
[0100]
Received signal after being amplified, multiply each other with the model pulse by mixting circuit 1005 is integrated circuit 1007 smoothings, and judging circuit 1008 is differentiated the bit information that sends according to its result, as demodulation output, by terminal 1009 outputs.In other words, mixting circuit 1005 and integrating circuit 1007 constitute correlator, and the correlation of received signal and model pulse is calculated by this circuit.According to the result of calculation of correlation, judge the signal that (demodulation) sends.In judging circuit 1008, also be responsible for the control entire circuit,, estimate the moment when next signal arrives with the signal Synchronization of demodulation, circuit 1006 to the generation control signal of mixting circuit 1005 sends enabling signals, makes its generation give the control signal of mixting circuit 1005.
[0101]
The mixting circuit of above-mentioned execution mode, owing to possess the function of low noise amplification, the function that produces the model signal and carry out multiplying simultaneously with amplifying signal, so the structure of circuit is extremely simplified.In addition.The mixting circuit of above-mentioned execution mode is when the inactive state of not importing enabling signal (holding state), and current sinking only is the leakage current of circuit element, and is very little.Therefore, can reduce the power consumption of system greatly.
[0102]
Adopt the said structure of this 4th execution mode, can also make dispensing device, the shared same mixting circuit of receiving system.Like this, when constituting the incorporate intercom device of transceiver, structure is simplified more.
[0103]
(the 5th execution mode)
Follow again, tell about the 5th execution mode of mixting circuit.In the above-described embodiment, as the digital value of getting 2 values, told about the control signal of input mixting circuit, but can also import the analog signal of dextrorotation Poona sample.
[0104]
Input is during analog signal, in the circuit of 4 control signals of needs of Fig. 1, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, control signal divided do two groups: G1 and G3 or G2 and G4, import differential signal v respectively
B1± v
1, v
B2± v
2Here, v
B1, v
B2Being the same phase constituent of the signal of each group, is the bias voltage that gives signal.As v
B1, v
B2, voltage gives certain electric current usually.In addition, v
1, v
2Being differential composition, is the control signal of simulation.
[0105]
Behind the external signal, be v in this wise if make input signal (giving the differential composition of the signal of input terminal 103,104)
r, the output signal of lead-out terminal appearance just comprises the signal component v with the product representation of these 3 differential compositions so
1* v
2* v
rTherefore, as v
r, v
1, v
2, consider frequency f
r, f
1, f
2Sine wave after, just comprise f in the output
r± f
1± f
2Frequency content.
[0106]
If set f
r=f
1+ f
2(or f
1=f
2=f
r/ 2), v
rBy frequency change, just can directly become base band.At this moment, because the frequency and the v of local oscillation circuit
rThe frequency difference, so in the receiver of many wait conversion regimes, can not produce debatable DC biasing.Like this, be not limited to UWB, in the receiver that common territory, use arrowband signal (this territory, arrowband signal adopts phase modulated, frequency modulation(FM) or Modulation and Amplitude Modulation) communicates, its structure simplified greatly.
[0107]
Figure 11 is the calcspar when constituting receiver according to above-mentioned principle.With the received signal that antenna 1101 receives, directly import the mixting circuit 1102 of above-mentioned execution mode.The mixting circuit of above-mentioned execution mode because also possess the function that low noise amplifies simultaneously, so be prepended to frequency mixer, does not need to be provided with low noise amplifier circuit.Here, the circuit that can use Fig. 1, Fig. 6 or Fig. 7 to tell about.
[0108]
[0109]
After adopting said structure, can constitute the receiver of waiting for conversion regime simply.Wait for the receiver of conversion regime,,, compare that highly sensitive, the obstruction and the distortion that bring for large-signals such as mixing accent also have very strong patience with the direct mode of repeated multiple times conversion so its structure itself is simple because there is not the intermediate frequency amplifying stage.And, in the wait conversion regime of prior art, exist the serious problem that produces so-called DC biasing, but in this mixting circuit, but do not produce the DC biasing.And then, in this mixting circuit, owing to also possess the function that low noise amplifies simultaneously, so circuit is simplified more.As mentioned above, make as control voltage give mixting circuit 1102 local oscillation circuit 1103,1104 output potential for the regulation value after, can also make above-mentioned mixting circuit stop the action, make circuital current minimum (almost nil).This is for the power consumption that reduces the circuit standby, and is very effective.
[0110]
More than, told about as local oscillation circuit, have 2 situation.But can also import more signal.Below, tell about the situation of importing the Integer n signal more than 2.In the circuit of Fig. 8 (A), so add that above-mentioned the 3rd execution mode tells about at D
I-1And XD
iLogic product and D
iAnd XD
I+1The following circuit of 4 transistor groups of action of state of logic product, the circuit example of n=8.Here, with signal train v
i(i=1～, give D n) as differential wave
iAnd XD
iBut, in Fig. 8 (A), do not have the terminal of XD1, and XD9 substituted as XD1.In addition, at D
I-1And XD
iLogic product and D
iAnd XD
I+1The transistor group of logic product in, the D9 signal that needs, but it substitutes with D1.In general, during each configuration set n serial transistor, need arrive the control signal till the n+1, but respectively with D1, XD1 as D
N+1, XD
N+1Substitute.According to above-mentioned rule, with signal train v
iAs differential wave, give D
iAnd XD
iBetween after, input signal v just appears in output
rWith their long-pending composition be v
r* v
1* v
2* ... * v
nComposition.Like this, just can mix the frequency more than 4.After using them dexterously, can simplify machine, remove in the specific obstruction frequency etc. and be used.
[0111]
More than, told about the execution mode of mixting circuit.But be not limited to these execution modes, can implement with various forms in the scope of aim.Below, enumerate variation and tell about.
[0112]
(variation 1) at first tells about the variation 1 of mixting circuit.In described the 1st execution mode, tell about as example with the transistorized situation of using the MOS type.But be not limited thereto, for example use ambipolar transistor, counter electrode is replaced as source electrode → transmitter, grid → base stage, drain electrode → collector electrode respectively, give suitable biasing, just can carry out identical action.
[0113]
(variation 2) then tells about the variation 2 of mixting circuit.If making the transistor that constitutes the grounded-grid level is not two, but more than 3, just can and then utilize the colourful control of the combination of control signal, when limiting to some extent, can relax this restriction to producing control signal.
[0114]
(variation 3) followed again, tells about the variation 3 of mixting circuit.In described the 1st execution mode, use two identical processing of circuit differential waves.If but make the source ground level transistor (Fig. 1,6,7 and Fig. 8 (A) in N channel transistor 101,102) separately source electrode is connected with current source, make the electric current control definitely all the time that flows into two transistor, just can further reduce to gain in the same way, can further improve the effect of differential amplification.
[0115]
(variation 4) is last, tells about the variation 4 of mixting circuit.In described the 1st execution mode, use two identical processing of circuit differential waves.Otherwise but, adopt one circuit only using in two after, can also handle single-ended signal.At this moment,, the number of elements of using is reduced half, power consumption is also reduced half though will reduce gain.Control signal also can be used single-ended signal, thereby circuit is further simplified.
[0116]
In sum, adopt this mixting circuit after, the mixting circuit of the function of the function that possesses low noise simultaneously and amplify, the power consumption minimum when producing the model signal and making standby can be provided.After using it, can constitute high efficiency UWB-IR receiver.In addition, even this mixting circuit is not because can provide to use in the receiver in the communication mode in the territory, arrowband of prior art has the mixting circuit of DC biasing problem yet, so can constitute the receiver of performance wait conversion regime high and simple in structure.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of mixting circuit mixes back output the 1st output signal and the 2nd output signal with the 1st input signal and the 2nd input signal,
Described mixting circuit comprises:
The 1st source ground amplifying circuit, the 1st source ground amplifying circuit amplifies described the 1st input signal;
The 2nd source ground amplifying circuit, the 2nd source ground amplifying circuit amplifies described the 2nd input signal;
The 1st signal efferent, the 1st signal efferent is exported described the 1st output signal;
The 2nd signal efferent, the 2nd signal efferent is exported described the 2nd output signal;
The 1st transistor group, the 1st transistor group comprise the transistor of the capable m row of the n that is connected between described the 1st source ground amplifying circuit and described the 1st signal efferent, and n is the integer more than 2, and m is the integer more than 2;
The 2nd transistor group, the 2nd transistor group comprise the transistor of the capable m row of the n that is connected between described the 1st source ground amplifying circuit and described the 2nd signal efferent;
The 3rd transistor group, the 3rd transistor group comprise the transistor of the capable m row of the n that is connected between described the 2nd source ground amplifying circuit and described the 1st signal efferent;
The 4th transistor group, the 4th transistor group comprise the transistor of the capable m row of the n that is connected between described the 2nd source ground amplifying circuit and described the 2nd signal efferent; With
N * m * k control signal wire, these control signal wires have been imported the n * m * k control signal that drives described the 1st transistor group and described the 2nd transistor group and drive described the 3rd transistor group and described the 4th transistor group, and k is 1 or 2.
2, mixting circuit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: at least one in described n * m * k control signal comprises the current potential that disconnects described the 1st transistor group, described the 2nd transistor group, described the 3rd transistor group and described the 4th transistor group.
3, mixting circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described n * m * k control signal is 2 value signals, a current potential in described 2 values is the current potential that disconnects described the 1st transistor group, described the 2nd transistor group, described the 3rd transistor group and described the 4th transistor group; Another current potential is the bias value that gives the regulation of described the 1st transistor group, described the 2nd transistor group, described the 3rd transistor group and described the 4th transistor group.
4, a kind of communicator is characterized in that: comprise each described mixting circuit of claim 1～3.
5, a kind of communicator constitutes after comprising each described mixting circuit of claim 1～3, receives the ultra-wideband pulse radio signal,
Described n * m * k control signal of described mixting circuit comprises the width pulse signal bigger than the model pulse of described ultra-wideband pulse radio signal.
6, a kind of communicator constitutes after comprising each described mixting circuit of claim 1～3, and described n * m * k control signal of described mixting circuit comprises at least and has frequency f
1The signal of composition and have a frequency f
2The signal of composition;
The frequency f of the signal that receives
r, with described frequency f
1And described frequency f
2Some unanimities in sum or the difference.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008049294 | 2008-02-29 | ||
| JP2008049294 | 2008-02-29 | ||
| JP2009041908 | 2009-02-25 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101534092A true CN101534092A (en) | 2009-09-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2009101179893A Pending CN101534092A (en) | 2008-02-29 | 2009-02-27 | Signals mixing circuit and communication device containing the same |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2009232445A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101534092A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110073556A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2019-07-30 | 哥伦比亚大学（纽约）理事会 | Based on subharmonic space-time conductance modulation without magnetic nonreciprocal circuit |
-
2009
- 2009-01-05 JP JP2009000062A patent/JP2009232445A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-02-27 CN CNA2009101179893A patent/CN101534092A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110073556A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2019-07-30 | 哥伦比亚大学（纽约）理事会 | Based on subharmonic space-time conductance modulation without magnetic nonreciprocal circuit |
| US11031665B2 (en) | 2016-07-21 | 2021-06-08 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Magnetic-free non-reciprocal circuits based on sub-harmonic spatio-temporal conductance modulation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2009232445A (en) | 2009-10-08 |
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Open date: 20090916 |