CN101532861A - A method for manufacturing water meter housing by high strength cast aluminum alloy and a product thereof - Google Patents
A method for manufacturing water meter housing by high strength cast aluminum alloy and a product thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing water meter housing by high strength cast aluminum alloy and a product thereof. The manufacture adopts the aluminum alloy with 3.00-11.50 percent of Cu, 0.15-3.50 percent of Si, 0.15-2.50 percent of Mg, 0.20-1.20 percent of Mn, 0.15-0.25 percent of Ti, 0.03-0.10 percent of B, 0.05-0.10 percent of RE, 0.01-0.1 percent of Sr, 0.001-0.005 percent of Be, and rest of Al to manufacture the water meter housing with a casting method. The water meter housing manufactured by the invention has the advantages of high strength under high temperature, light weight, low cost and energy saving.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and goods thereof of manufacturing water meter housing by high strength cast aluminum alloy.
Background technology
The water measurement watchcase is to continue to use cast iron, casting brass manufacturing always, and this two classes watchcase material exists watchcase secondary pollution problem, particularly Winn bronze watchcase heavy and that corrosion product causes all the time and also exists the high and serious lead contamination problem of cost.On the other hand, the aluminium alloy that exploitation is low with light weight, cost, be suitable for casting satisfies the water meter bad working environment and to the requirement of mechanical property, will overcome problem and shortcoming that aforementioned two kinds of material water watchcases exist.
The applicant discloses the manufacture method and the goods thereof of two class producing water meter case by cast aluminum alloy respectively in Chinese patent application 200810177309.2 and 00910000646.9.Wherein, the former has casting character excellence, advantage that mechanical property is good based on siliceous Birmasil; And the latter has decay resistance and the advantage chemical, that the electrochemical oxidation characteristic is good based on the Birmasil that contains magnesium.But this two classes Birmasil at high temperature uses the mechanical property deficiency that just seems.The present invention is meant that at this said high temperature the medium temperature of transmission is not higher than 150 ℃, as the liquid or the gas of hot water piping or other pipeline transmission.
No matter aluminum bronze class Birmasil is in room temperature, or at high temperature all has higher intensity, but exists serious casting hot tearing problem always.All be to adopt interpolation multicomponent micro alloying element to come thinning microstructure at present both at home and abroad, improve coagulating property, just be suitable for permanent mold casting, and satisfy requirement aspects such as mechanical properties by adding micro alloying elements such as vanadium, zirconium, cadmium, silver.But these element resources are rare, the price height, and the manufacturing process complexity, obviously uneconomical.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and goods thereof of manufacturing water meter housing by high strength cast aluminum alloy.
Method according to the said producing water meter case by cast aluminum alloy of the present invention comprises the steps:
1. by following proportioning (percentage by weight) batching, wherein: Cu:3.00%～11.50%; Si:0.15%～3.50%; Mg:0.15%～2.50%; Mn:0.20%～1.20%; Ti:0.15%～0.25%; B:0.03%～0.10%; RE:0.05%～0.10%; Sr:0.01%～0.1%; Be:0.001%～0.005%; Al: surplus.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein: Cu:3.00%～9.00%; Si:0.15%～2.00%; Mg:0.15%～0.50%; Mn:0.20%～0.90%; Ti:0.15%～0.25%; B:0.03%～0.10%; RE:0.05%～0.10%; Sr:0.01%～0.1%; Be:0.001%～0.005%; Al: surplus.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein: Cu:3.80%～5.20%; Si:0.15%～1.00%; Mg:0.15%～0.35%; Mn:0.20%～0.50%; Ti:0.15%～0.25%; B:0.03%～0.10%; RE:0.05%～0.10%; Sr:0.01%～0.1%; Be:0.001%～0.005%; Surplus is Al.
According to the said Birmasil of the present invention, wherein:
Copper is the great alloy element of a kind of raising intensity of aluminum alloy effect, has high thermal treatment ageing strengthening effect and high high-temp stability effect.Can separate out Al during timeliness
2Cu and Al
2The CuMg hardening constituent significantly improves the mechanical property of aluminium alloy, also helps promoting and Mg
2The effect that Si strengthens mutually jointly.But the copper addition can bring hot tearing problem, casting manufacturability problem serious within the specific limits, and decay resistance descends, and also food descends mechanical property significantly.The problems referred to above for a change, the present invention takes to add the multicomponent alloy element and trace alloying element is adjusted, and makes it to have suitable combination property in designed copper content.Copper is the master alloying element that must add in the alloy.Concrete will illustrate below.
Magnesium is a kind of useful alloy element that improves mechanical property, decay resistance and strengthen chemistry, electrochemical oxidation film protection.When in aluminium, containing magnesium, silicon and copper simultaneously, can separate out Mg
2Si and Al
2The CuMg hardening constituent, favourable to improving alloy strength, make alloy have excellent corrosion resisting performance.But when addition was big, magnesium is easy oxidation when melting and casting, and alloy flowability is reduced, and easily produced casting flaw, and needed the melting protection.So magnesium is indispensable as alloying master added elements, thereby must the certain addition of control.
Silicon is that the effect of casting alloy is to improve alloy flowability and lower hot cracking tendency at aluminum bronze, improves casting shrinking hole shrinkage porosite property.Silicon also is a kind of alloy element that improves extensibility, tensile strength, yield strength etc.Normal and magnesium collocation is used, always with Mg
2The Si precipitated phase improves the mechanical property of alloy, so silicon is indispensable alloy element for strengthening key element.
Manganese is can significantly improve alloy room temperature and mechanical behavior under high temperature in the casting alloy at aluminum bronze, can improve casting character simultaneously.But the manganese amount can not be too high, increases mutually otherwise contain manganese T in the alloy, and crystal grain is thick, and alloy strength is reduced.Therefore, must the certain addition of control.
Micro alloying element titanium, boron, strontium mainly are the effect addings with refinement matrix α phase, form Al
3Ti, TiB, AlB
2, Al
3Compounds such as Sr can make α change tiny equiax crystal into by thick dendrite as α phase forming core core, improve the alloy graining characteristic, reduce hot cracking tendency, and the obdurability of alloy is improved.But addition can not be too high, otherwise easily cause big flaky compound, reduces intensity, corrosion resisting property etc.
Microalloying mishmetal RE element mainly is to add with its combined action.It mainly acts on is to remove harmful gas element hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and alkali earth metal sodium in the alloy, potassium, calcium etc., plays clean-up effect, and the matrix of refinement simultaneously α plays beneficial effect mutually.The mishmetal here is based on cerium, and cerium content is 90% of a microalloying mishmetal RE element, and surplus is praseodymium.
The micro alloying element beryllium produces indirectly-acting to the performance and the quality of alloy, mainly is the oxide that forms beryllium on aluminium liquid surface, and magnesium and other alloying element are protected, and avoids the oxidization burning loss under the high temperature.But must control trace, the excessive crystal grain that will make is thick, influences alloy property and is pernicious to people.
The present invention mixes use with boron, titanium with the mishmetal three, controls total addition, gives full play to advantage separately, reaches optimization effect.
Aluminium is the matrix element in the alloy, and its content is controlled by the alloy element addition.Aluminium content is high more, to the alloy decay resistance with foundry goods is implemented surface chemistry, the electrochemical oxidation treatment technology is useful.
2. melting and protection
Melting feeds intake by said ratio.Wherein, dropping in Ti, B, RE, Sr rotten, refinement step afterwards, Yu Zhejun drops in the melting step.Intermediate frequency furnace or other Fast Heating equipment melting are adopted in melting, and the form that the copper in the batching, silicon, manganese, titanium, boron, mishmetal and strontium can intermediate alloys adds, and the form that aluminium, magnesium and beryllium can simple metal adds, but is not limited thereto.Add silicon, copper, manganese intermediate alloy during fusing earlier, after add the simple metal furnace charge.Described intermediate frequency furnace can add high-power being rapidly heated after the first preheating.Require total fusing time to be no more than 3 hours.After aluminum bronze, aluminium silicon, the fusing of aluminium manganese intermediate alloy furnace charge, be sprinkled into the coverture of the massfraction 2%-5% of furnace burdening amount, the control smelting temperature is in 700～750 ℃.Aforementioned molten metal temperature is adjusted at 670～720 ℃, adds aluminium, magnesium and beryllium simple metal furnace charge.
5%KCl+25%NaCl+70%CaCl is adopted in the coverture design here
2, also can adopt the 40-60%MgCl+60-40%KCl component, require to toast 3-5 hour down for 200 ℃-300 ℃ in temperature, so that anhydrate branch, mix the back and preserve stand-by down for 150 ℃ in temperature.Melting the effect that is sprinkled into coverture on the body fluid face at aluminium is that protection aluminium melts the not oxidized or few oxidation of body and do not absorb gas or absorb gas less, can obtain qualified effect of melting the physique amount.
3. refining and purification
Adjust molten metal temperature at 710～720 ℃, available plunging adds degassing refining agent, and total addition is pressed 0.1～0.6% of aluminum alloy melt body total amount and calculated, carry out 5～15 minutes even stirring, separate with molten metal up to slag, carry out 5～20 minutes leave standstill after the stirring, purify then and skim.Being sprinkled into coverture again avoids liquid level to expose.
A kind of MnCl is adopted in described degassing refining agent design
2Powder requires 100 ℃-150 ℃ bakings 2-4 hour before using, and preserves stand-by down for 150 ℃ in temperature.But be not limited thereto, all kinds of smokeless environment-friendly type degassing refining agents that also can adopt market to sell, but when selecting, to note technical requirement such as applicability.Aluminium melt in the body add refining agent after, can produce chemical reaction and physical action, need certain action time, the mode that makes the hydrogen that is dissolved in the aluminium by the diffusion of swimming is obtained removing, the slag in the aluminium is also together removed mutually simultaneously.
4. go bad and double refining
Aforementioned motlten metal control temperature through refining and purification at 730～750 ℃, is added titanium, boron, rare earth and strontium trace alterant element, add in the mode of intermediate alloy.Add after 15～35 minutes, adjust molten metal temperature at 710～720 ℃, available plunging adds refining agent, total addition is about 0.1～0.4%, carries out 5～10 minutes even stirring, separates with molten metal up to slag, carry out 5～10 minutes leave standstill after the stirring, purify then and skim.On liquid level, be sprinkled into coverture and avoid liquid level to expose, prepare cast.
5. cast and cast form
Adjust the aluminium alloy melt body temperature at 690～710 ℃, pour into a mould and should be controlled in 1.5 hours T.T..
About 120～250 ℃ of control metal mold temperature can adopt the pony ladle cast of baffle plate, obtains the aluminum alloy water meter case cast member.
Metal mold will carry out preheating and coat before casting, can adopt spraying or brushing mode, and coating is wanted evenly, should correctly be selected coating for use, helps obtaining good casting quality.
Foundry goods or watchcase inner chamber should adopt the chiltern core to form the precoated sand manufacturing that should select the gas penetration potential height for use, deformability is good and has medium temperature intensity.
6. thermal treatment
Thermal treatment mainly comprises the artificial aging processing after the solution treatment.Aforementioned aluminium alloy castings is placed in the material frame, goes into the stove heating.Make every effort to charging evenly, in air-flow round-robin hot-treatment heating equipment is arranged, heat-treat.
Adopt solution treatment equipment such as melt pit shaft furnace, the heat tracing temperature is 430 ℃～540 ℃, temperature retention time 8～18 hours; Come out of the stove hot water or oil quenching immediately, water or oily temperature control are at 50～80 ℃.Be no more than 12 hours transfer time the longest.
Adopt artificial aging equipment such as melt pit shaft furnace, the heat tracing temperature is 160～190 ℃, temperature retention time 3～10 hours; Come out of the stove air cooling to room temperature.
7. machining
The watchcase foundry goods is carried out machine work, obtain desired water meter housing.
Obviously, can change the tradition of making water meter housing in the prior art of brass according to water meter housing provided by the invention, reach weight reduction, improve watchcase intensity and the purpose of avoiding pollution problem, reducing cost, moreover, because the fusing point of aluminium alloy is far below brass, thereby reduced energy consumption, this wearyly lacks in current energy shortage, resource, environmental pollution and fuel price be according under the situation of height under not, more shows advantage of the present invention.
Replace aluminium silicon class and magnalium class water meter shell product, it is big to obtain the watchcase load-bearing capacity, more can give full play to the handling characteristics that aluminum bronze class alloy material is applicable to hot environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front elevation according to the water meter housing of the method for the invention manufacturing.
Embodiment
Illustrate with reference to the accompanying drawings according to of the present invention.As shown in the figure; described water meter housing comprises the hollow housing 1 of a upper end open; hollow housing is used to install water meter core (not shown); its openend is used to install the table lid (not shown) that is intended to protect watch core; the radial outside of housing has opposed inlet channel 2 and outlet conduit 3, and they communicate with hollow housing.Pipeline 2, the 3 far-ends outside has the screw thread 4,5 that is connected with the outlet pipeline (not shown) with the inlet pipeline (not shown) respectively.
Below by example the method for making the water meter shell according to Birmasil of the present invention is described, the mechanical property of the foundry goods that obtains under room temperature and 150 ℃ of high temperature.
The used sample of example comprises:
1, cylindrical tensile sample;
2, watchcase.
Example 1
According to one embodiment of the present of invention, batching: Cu:5.10%; Si:0.15%; Mg:0.15%; Mn:0.48%; Ti:0.24%; RE:0.097%; B:0.05%; Sr:0.09%; Be:0.0047%; Al: surplus.
Table 1 high-strength aluminum alloy material and watchcase tensile property
Example 2
According to an alternative embodiment of the invention, batching: Cu:4.80%; Si:0.15%; Mg:0.35%; Mn:0.40%; Ti:0.23%; RE:0.07%; B:0.041%; Sr:0.05%; Be:0.0049%; Al: surplus.
Table 2 high-strength aluminum alloy material and watchcase tensile property
Example 3
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, batching: Cu:3.98%; Si:0.99%; Mg:0.20%; Mn:0.28%; Ti:0.18%; RE:0.09%; B:0.038%; Sr:0.01%; Be:0.0043%; Al: surplus.
Table 3 high-strength aluminum alloy material and watchcase tensile property
The applicant has made detailed description to design of the present invention and embodiment, and those skilled in the art can be made various conversion and improvement on this basis, but these conversion and improvement all do not break away from spirit of the present invention, all in the protection domain that requires.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of high strength cast aluminum alloys is made the method for water meter shell, comprise the steps,
(1) by following proportioning (percentage by weight) batching, wherein: Cu:3.00%～11.50%; Si:0.15%～3.50%; Mg:0.15%～2.50%; Mn:0.20%～1.20%; Ti:0.15%～0.25%; B:0.03%～0.10%; RE:0.05%～0.10%; Sr:0.01%～0.1%; Be:0.001%～0.005%; Al: surplus;
(2) melting and protection with the batching of said ratio, except that Ti, B, RE, Sr, all drop into the intermediate frequency furnace melting, and in 700～750 ℃ of the smelting temperatures, fusing time is no more than 3 hours;
(3) refining and purification, adjust molten metal temperature at 710～720 ℃, add degassing refining agent, total addition is pressed 0.1～0.6% of aluminum alloy melt body total amount and is calculated, carry out 5～15 minutes even stirring, separate with molten metal, carry out 5～20 minutes leave standstill after the stirring up to slag, purify then and skim, be sprinkled into coverture again and avoid liquid level to expose;
(4) rotten and double refining is controlled temperature at 730～750 ℃ with motlten metal, adds titanium, boron, rare earth and strontium trace alterant element, add after 15～35 minutes, adjust molten metal temperature at 710～720 ℃, add degassing refining agent, total addition about 0.1～0.4%, carry out 5～10 minutes even stirring, separate with molten metal up to slag, carry out 5～10 minutes leave standstill after the stirring, purify then and skim, on liquid level, be sprinkled into coverture and avoid liquid level to expose, prepare cast;
(5) cast and cast form,
Adjust the aluminium alloy melt body temperature at 690～710 ℃, pour into a mould and should be controlled in 1.5 hours T.T..
About 120～250 ℃ of control metal mold temperature can adopt the pony ladle cast of baffle plate, obtains the aluminum alloy water meter case cast member;
(6) thermal treatment,
Adopt solution treatment equipment such as melt pit shaft furnace, the heat tracing temperature is 430 ℃～540 ℃, temperature retention time 8～18 hours; Come out of the stove hot water or oil quenching immediately, water or oily temperature control are at 50～80 ℃;
Adopt artificial aging equipment such as melt pit shaft furnace, the heat tracing temperature is 160～190 ℃, temperature retention time 3～10 hours; Come out of the stove air cooling to room temperature.
(7). machining, the watchcase foundry goods is carried out machine work, obtain desired water meter housing.
2, according to the method for the described a kind of manufacturing water meter housing by high strength cast aluminum alloy of claim 1, it is characterized in that described proportioning is: Cu:3.00%～9.00%; Si:0.15%～2.00%; Mg:0.15%～0.50%; Mn:0.20%～0.90%; Ti:0.15%～0.25%; B:0.03%～0.10%; RE:0.05%～0.10%; Sr:0.01%～0.1%; Be:0.001%～0.005%; Al: surplus.
3, according to the method for the described a kind of manufacturing water meter housing by high strength cast aluminum alloy of claim 1, it is characterized in that described proportioning is: Cu:3.80%～5.20%; Si:0.15%～1.00%; Mg:0.15%～0.35%; Mn:0.20%～0.50%; Ti:0.15%～0.25%; B:0.03%～0.10%; RE:0.05%～0.10%; Sr:0.01%～0.1%; Be:0.001%～0.005%; Surplus is Al.
4, according to the method for the described a kind of manufacturing water meter housing by high strength cast aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein said coverture 5% KCl+25% NaCl+70% CaCl
2, or 40-60% MgCl+60-40%KCl component.
5, according to the method for the described a kind of manufacturing water meter housing by high strength cast aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein said degassing refining agent is MnCl
2Powder.
6, the water meter housing that the described method of a kind of any claim by aforementioned claim 1-5 is made.
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