CN106756150B - The method that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using furnace for intermediate frequency furnace smelting duplex - Google Patents
The method that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using furnace for intermediate frequency furnace smelting duplex Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106756150B CN106756150B CN201611141453.1A CN201611141453A CN106756150B CN 106756150 B CN106756150 B CN 106756150B CN 201611141453 A CN201611141453 A CN 201611141453A CN 106756150 B CN106756150 B CN 106756150B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- aluminium alloy
- furnace
- refining
- alloy melt
- intermediate frequency
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
Abstract
The method that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using furnace for intermediate frequency furnace smelting duplex, solid-state intermediate alloy and electrolysis raw aluminum liquid are first added in intermediate frequency furnace, electromagnetic agitation is opened and heater, rapid melting forms middle aluminium alloy melt；Raw aluminum liquid siphon is introduced into smelting furnace, keep 730 DEG C~760 DEG C of raw aluminum liquid temperature, middle aluminium alloy melt in intermediate frequency furnace is transported into smelting furnace, open the electromagnetic mixing apparatus of melting furnace bottom, middle aluminium alloy melt is uniformly fully incorporated raw aluminum liquid, form the qualified aluminium alloy melt of chemical composition；Slagging agent is added into aluminium alloy melt in smelting furnace, skims and removes impurity；Refining agent is blown into by argon gas to the aluminium alloy melt for taking off slag again and carries out injection refining, slagging agent is added again and skims, obtain pure aluminium alloy melt；Chute is transferred to afterwards delivers to casting.Short route of the present invention, efficient, environment-friendly, easy to operate, the melting suitable for small lot, multi-series and high-quality aluminum alloy refines.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminium alloy smelting method and technology field, more particularly to closes electromagnetism using intermediate frequency furnace-smelting furnace duplex
The method of stir-melting refining aluminium alloy.
Technical background
Traditional aluminium alloy smelting refinery practice is carried out typically in smelting furnace, and ordinary circumstance is injected largely in smelting furnace
Aluminium liquid, add solid-state intermediate alloy containing different elements and carry out dispensing, by fuel oil or gas high-temperature flame by aluminium alloy
Melt is heated to melting refining temperature, then adds grain refiner simultaneously in aluminium liquid and refining agent carries out injection refining, be
Casting process provides composition, temperature, clarity qualified aluminium alloy melt.Because most of aluminium alloy element fusing points are higher,
Aluminum melt is added with elemental metal state and the problems such as fusing time length and easily generation component segregation be present, therefore conventional aluminum is closed
Typically to be added in golden melting refining process intermediate alloy prepare needed for alloy product, but during need to intermediate alloy
Refuse, heating, it is big energy resource consumption to be present, pollutes environment, and operational sequence is complicated, and smelting time length, the low grade of production efficiency lacks
Point, it is not suitable with multi-series, small lot, high-quality aluminum alloy production.Therefore, it is necessary to prior art is improved.
The content of the invention
It is insufficient existing for above-mentioned prior art it is an object of the invention to solve, there is provided a kind of short route, efficient, environment friend
Method that is good, easy to operate, adapting to small lot, multi-series and high-quality aluminum alloy melting refining.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The method that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using intermediate frequency furnace-smelting furnace duplex, is comprised the following steps：
(1) according to alloy product component requirements, added in intermediate frequency furnace the solid-state intermediate alloy containing different elements and
Raw aluminum liquid is electrolysed, opens intermediate frequency furnace electromagnetic agitation and heater, keeps intermediate frequency furnace frequency 350Hz and temperature 730 DEG C~760
DEG C so that solid-state intermediate alloy rapid melting forms the middle aluminium alloy melt for meeting aluminium alloy smelting refining；
(2) raw aluminum liquid of aluminium cell production is directly introduced into smelting furnace by siphon mode, keeps raw aluminum liquid temperature 730
DEG C~760 DEG C, the middle aluminium alloy melt in intermediate frequency furnace is transported into smelting furnace by chute, melting furnace bottom is opened and sets
Electromagnetic mixing apparatus, keep melting furnace bottom electromagnetic mixing apparatus frequency 350Hz, make middle aluminium alloy melt in low frequency electromagnetic
Raw aluminum liquid is uniformly sufficiently incorporated in the case of stirring, forms the qualified aluminium alloy melt of chemical composition；
(3) slagging agent is added into aluminium alloy melt in smelting furnace, carries out operation of skimming, is removed in aluminium alloy melt
Impurity；Refining agent progress injection refining is blown into by argon gas to the aluminium alloy melt for taking off slag again after standing 10min, added again
Slagging agent carries out operation of skimming, and obtains the pure aluminium alloy melt for meeting casting and requiring；
(4) it is transferred to chute after pure aluminium alloy melt is stood and delivers to casting.
Above-mentioned steps (1) the solid-state intermediate alloy containing different elements contains solid-state silicon, metal copper.Step
(3) the total dosage of the slagging agent that is added twice in is controlled between 1.0~2.0kg/t.Al, injection refining use purity for
99.99% argon gas is blown into refining agent, and it is 0.4MPa to be blown into argon pressure, and refining temperature is controlled between 730 DEG C~760 DEG C,
Refining time 15min, refining agent dosage are controlled between 1.5~3.0kg/t.Al.Aluminium alloy melt dwell temperature in step (4)
Control is between 720 DEG C~740 DEG C, time of repose 20min.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that：
(1) method provided by the invention that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using intermediate frequency furnace-smelting furnace duplex, is filled
The characteristic of fusing metal can quickly be heated using intermediate frequency furnace by dividing, and aluminium among conventional fuel oil heating melting solid has been greatly shortened
The production technology of alloy.This method has not only reformed traditional aluminium alloy smelting idea, also solve smelting aluminum to high silicon, high-copper,
Aluminium alloy utilizes the series of problems such as the infusibility of fuel Heating fusing, skewness among the trades mark such as high manganese.Smelting time is by original
Foreshorten to 0.5h within 3 hours, production efficiency is greatly improved, while energy resource consumption is also greatly reduced, reduces fuel consumption,
Preserve the ecological environment, save production cost.
(2) present invention makes full use of intermediate frequency furnace intermediate frequency electromagnetic to stir, and dissolves the alloy constituent element such as solid-state silicon, metallic copper element
More abundant, composition evenly, and realizes that intermediate frequency furnace electromagnetic agitation and the flowing of middle aluminium alloy melt are capable of on-line.Profit simultaneously
The low frequency electromagnetic stirring set with melting furnace bottom realizes that the staggered form of aluminium alloy melt stirs, and realizes intermediate frequency furnace-smelting furnace
Duplex closes the utilization of electromagnetic agitation, solves the problems, such as that aluminium alloy melt is locally uneven, effectively improves the uniform journey of alloy melt
Degree, refining aluminum alloy melt crystal grain, finally improves product quality.
(3) the inventive method can not only realize that aluminium alloy mass produces, and utilize the small characteristic of 5 tons of intermediate frequency furnace batches, pin
Market user is required, production multi-series, small lot, the alloy product of high-quality.With production product structure it is flexible and changeable,
The characteristics of with short production cycle, to improving Business Economic Benefit, tool of optimizing product structure is of great significance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The method that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using intermediate frequency furnace-smelting furnace duplex, as shown in figure 1, method walks
It is rapid as follows：
(1) according to alloy product component requirements, solid-state silicon and electrolysis raw aluminum liquid is added in intermediate frequency furnace, opens intermediate frequency furnace
Electromagnetic agitation and heater, keep 745 DEG C of intermediate frequency furnace frequency 350Hz and temperature, and solid-state silicon rapid melting forms chemical composition
Aluminium alloy melt among stable aluminium silicon；
(2) raw aluminum liquid of 1 ton of aluminium cell production is directly introduced into smelting furnace by siphon mode, keeps raw aluminum liquid temperature
745 DEG C, aluminium alloy melt among the Si in intermediate frequency furnace is transported into smelting furnace by the first chute, melting furnace bottom is opened and sets
The electromagnetic mixing apparatus put, melting furnace bottom electromagnetic mixing apparatus frequency 350Hz is kept, make Si centres aluminium alloy melt in low frequency
Raw aluminum liquid is uniformly sufficiently incorporated in the case of electromagnetic agitation, chemical composition is formed and meets Si：10.0~13.0%, Cu%≤
0.30th, Mg≤0.10%, Zn≤0.10%, Fe≤0.70%, Mn≤0.50%, Ni≤0.30%, Ti≤0.20%, Pb≤
0.05%th, Sn≤0.01%, surplus are Al aluminium alloy melt；
(3) 1kg slagging agents are added into aluminium alloy melt in smelting furnace, carry out operation of skimming, remove aluminium alloy melt
In the impurity such as electrolyte.Again to the aluminium alloy melt for taking off slag is passed through purity 99.99%, pressure is after standing 10min
0.4MPa argon gas, 1.5kg refining agents are blown by argon gas and carry out injection refining, refining temperature control is at 730 DEG C, refining time
15min, add 0.5kg slagging agents and carry out operation of skimming, obtain the pure aluminium alloy melt for meeting casting and requiring；
(4) pure aluminium alloy melt is transferred to the second chute after 730 DEG C of standing 20min and delivers to casting, met
National standard《Cast aluminium alloy gold》(GB/T1173-2013) the desired trade mark is ZLD102 cast aluminium alloy gold product.
Intermediate frequency heat size described in the present embodiment is 5 tons, and intermediate frequency furnace electromagnetic agitation is arranged on around intermediate frequency furnace body, for routine
Electromagnetic stirrer coil, belong to intermediate frequency electromagnetic agitating device.The melting heat size is 35 tons, and melting furnace bottom is provided with electromagnetism and stirred
Device is mixed, is conventional electromagnetic stirring coil, belongs to low frequency electromagnetic agitating device.Solid-state silicon is outsourcing product, specific requirement and is added
Depending on the aluminium alloy trade mark that add mode passes through required production.
Embodiment 2
(1) solid-state silicon, metallic copper and electrolysis raw aluminum liquid are added in intermediate frequency furnace, intermediate frequency furnace electromagnetic agitation is opened and heating fills
Put, keep 760 DEG C of intermediate frequency furnace frequency 350Hz and temperature so that solid-state silicon, metallic copper rapid melting dissolve that to form chemical composition steady
Aluminium alloy melt among fixed Al-Si-Cu.The alloy constituent element element such as metallic silicon, metallic copper is outsourcing product, specific requirement and
Depending on the aluminium alloy trade mark that addition manner passes through required production；
(2) raw aluminum liquid of 1 ton of aluminium cell production is directly injected into smelting furnace by siphon mode, keeps raw aluminum liquid temperature
760℃.Aluminium alloy melt among Al-Si-Cu in intermediate frequency furnace is transported into smelting furnace by the first chute, opens smelting furnace
The electromagnetic mixing apparatus that bottom is set, melting furnace bottom electromagnetic mixing apparatus intermediate frequency furnace frequency 350Hz is kept, is made in Al-Si-Cu
Between aluminium alloy melt low frequency electromagnetic stir in the case of uniformly sufficiently incorporate raw aluminum liquid, formed chemical composition meet Si：9.6
~12.0%, Cu：1.5~3.5%, Mg≤0.30%, Zn≤0.10%, Fe≤0.90%, Mn≤0.50%, Ni≤
0.50%th, Ti≤0.20%, Pb≤0.05%, Sn≤0.20%, Cr≤0.10%, surplus are Al aluminium alloy melt；
(3) 1.5kg slagging agent is added into aluminium alloy melt in smelting furnace, carries out operation of skimming, removes aluminium alloy
The impurity such as the electrolyte in melt.To taking off, slag aluminium alloy melt was passed through purity 99.99%, pressure is again after standing 10min
0.4MPa argon gas, and 2.0kg refining agents are blown by argon gas and carry out injection refining, refining temperature is controlled at 750 DEG C, refining
Between 15min, add 0.5kg slagging agents and carry out operation of skimming, obtain the pure aluminium alloy melt for meeting casting process；
(4) pure aluminium alloy melt is transferred to the second chute after 740 DEG C of standing 20min and delivers to casting process, accorded with
Close national standard《Cast aluminium alloy gold》(GB/T1173-2013) the desired trade mark is ADC12 cast aluminium alloy gold product.
Embodiment 3
(1) solid metallic copper and electrolysis raw aluminum liquid are added in intermediate frequency furnace, opens intermediate frequency furnace electromagnetic agitation and heater,
Keep 730 DEG C of intermediate frequency furnace frequency 350Hz and temperature so that metallic copper rapid melting dissolves the Al-Cu to form chemical composition stability
Middle aluminium alloy melt.Metallic copper is the aluminium alloy trade mark of outsourcing product, specific requirement and addition manner by required production
Depending on；
(2) raw aluminum liquid of 1 ton of aluminium cell production is directly injected into smelting furnace by siphon mode, keeps raw aluminum liquid temperature
730℃.Aluminium alloy melt among Al-Cu in intermediate frequency furnace is transported into smelting furnace by the first chute, opens smelting furnace bottom
The electromagnetic mixing apparatus that portion is set, melting furnace bottom electromagnetic mixing apparatus intermediate frequency furnace frequency 350Hz is kept, make aluminium among Al-Cu
Alloy melt uniformly sufficiently incorporates raw aluminum liquid in the case where low frequency electromagnetic stirs, and forms the qualified aluminium alloy of chemical composition and melts
Body；
(3) 0.5kg slagging agent is added into aluminium alloy melt in smelting furnace, carries out operation of skimming, removes aluminium alloy
The impurity such as the electrolyte in melt.To taking off, slag aluminium alloy melt was passed through purity 99.99%, pressure is again after standing 10min
0.4MPa argon gas, and 3.0kg refining agents are blown by argon gas and carry out injection refining, refining temperature is controlled at 760 DEG C, refining
Between control in 15min, add 0.5kg slagging agents and carry out operation of skimming, obtain the pure aluminium alloy for meeting casting process and melt
Body；
(4) pure aluminium alloy melt is transferred to the second chute after 720 DEG C of standing 20min and delivers to casting process, accorded with
Close national standard《Cast aluminium alloy gold》(GB/T1173-2013) desired cast aluminium alloy gold product.
Claims (4)
1. the method for electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using intermediate frequency furnace-smelting furnace duplex, it is characterised in that including following
Step：
(1) according to alloy product component requirements, the solid-state intermediate alloy containing different elements and electrolysis are added in intermediate frequency furnace
Raw aluminum liquid, intermediate frequency furnace electromagnetic agitation and heater are opened, keep 730 DEG C~760 DEG C of intermediate frequency furnace frequency 350Hz and temperature, make
Obtain solid-state intermediate alloy rapid melting and form the middle aluminium alloy melt for meeting aluminium alloy smelting refining；
(2) raw aluminum liquid of aluminium cell production is directly introduced into smelting furnace by siphon mode, keep 730 DEG C of raw aluminum liquid temperature~
760 DEG C, the middle aluminium alloy melt in intermediate frequency furnace is transported into smelting furnace by chute, opens the electricity that melting furnace bottom is set
Magnetic agitating device, melting furnace bottom electromagnetic mixing apparatus frequency 350Hz is kept, middle aluminium alloy melt is stirred in low frequency electromagnetic
In the case of uniformly sufficiently incorporate raw aluminum liquid, form the qualified aluminium alloy melt of chemical composition；
(3) slagging agent is added into aluminium alloy melt in smelting furnace, carries out operation of skimming, is removed miscellaneous in aluminium alloy melt
Matter；Refining agent progress injection refining is blown into by argon gas to the aluminium alloy melt for taking off slag again after standing 10min, adds beat again
Slag agent carries out operation of skimming, and obtains the pure aluminium alloy melt for meeting casting and requiring；
(4) it is transferred to chute after pure aluminium alloy melt is stood and delivers to casting.
2. the method according to claim 1 that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using intermediate frequency furnace-smelting furnace duplex,
Characterized in that, step (1) the solid-state intermediate alloy containing different elements is containing solid-state silicon and/or metal copper
Intermediate alloy.
3. the method according to claim 1 that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using intermediate frequency furnace-smelting furnace duplex,
Characterized in that, the total dosage of the slagging agent added twice in step (3) is controlled between 1.0~2.0kg/t.Al, injection refining
Use purity to be blown into refining agent for 99.99% argon gas, it is 0.4MPa to be blown into argon pressure, refining temperature control 730 DEG C~
Between 760 DEG C, refining time 15min, refining agent dosage is controlled between 1.5~3.0kg/t.Al.
4. the method according to claim 1 that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using intermediate frequency furnace-smelting furnace duplex,
Characterized in that, the control of aluminium alloy melt dwell temperature is between 720 DEG C~740 DEG C in step (4), time of repose 20min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611141453.1A CN106756150B (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | The method that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using furnace for intermediate frequency furnace smelting duplex |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611141453.1A CN106756150B (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | The method that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using furnace for intermediate frequency furnace smelting duplex |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106756150A CN106756150A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106756150B true CN106756150B (en) | 2018-03-09 |
Family
ID=58880332
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611141453.1A Active CN106756150B (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2016-12-12 | The method that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using furnace for intermediate frequency furnace smelting duplex |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106756150B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107385285A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-24 | 张栗珲 | A kind of fuel oil quantum processor and preparation method thereof |
| CN107604185A (en) * | 2017-09-22 | 2018-01-19 | 安徽霍山龙鑫金属科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation technology of aluminium alloy |
| CN112813297B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-03-11 | 昆明冶金研究院有限公司 | Efficient energy-saving smelting method of aluminum-silicon alloy |
| CN115323190A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-11-11 | 甘肃东兴铝业有限公司 | Method for recycling metal aluminum particles in aluminum ash |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101280366B (en) * | 2008-05-22 | 2010-06-02 | 刘济华 | Cold smelt process for secondary aluminium |
| CN103740956B (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2015-12-30 | 镇江镨利玛新型材料科技有限公司 | The preparation method of silumin |
| CN104328316B (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2017-09-15 | 云南云铝润鑫铝业有限公司 | A kind of production method of the aluminium alloy round cast ingot base of major diameter 6063 |
| CN105543528A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-05-04 | 云南云铝润鑫铝业有限公司 | Method for directly producing 6xxx-series aluminum alloy from high silicon electrolytic aluminum liquid |
| CN105463272A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-04-06 | 云南云铝润鑫铝业有限公司 | Production method for 5005 aluminum alloy circular ingots |
-
2016
- 2016-12-12 CN CN201611141453.1A patent/CN106756150B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106756150A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106756150B (en) | The method that electromagnetic agitation melting refining aluminium alloy is closed using furnace for intermediate frequency furnace smelting duplex | |
| CN101532861B (en) | A method for manufacturing water meter housing by high strength cast aluminum alloy and a product thereof | |
| CN100432258C (en) | Quasi crystal phase fortified magnesium lithium alloy and its preparation method | |
| CN102011015A (en) | Method for removing arsenic, antimony and copper by refining raw lead | |
| CN106086608B (en) | A kind of method that low-carbon manganese-silicon is produced using carbon manganese slag | |
| CN106011497A (en) | Method for recycling lead bullion from lead copper matte | |
| CN105603224A (en) | Smelting method for preparing lead-antimony alloy from lead-containing waste | |
| CN109518040B (en) | Method for continuously preparing Al-Ti-B grain refiner by ultrasonic treatment | |
| CN106435310B (en) | A kind of technique with grate ferrosilicon process refining manganese silico-aluminum | |
| CN101591720A (en) | A kind of production method of aluminum-manganese-iron alloy | |
| CN103866133B (en) | The device for refining and its application method of silicomangan tailings | |
| CN105624481A (en) | Aluminium product preparation technology capable of reducing cost and energy consumption | |
| CN108977621A (en) | A kind of smelting process of high carbon ferro-chrome | |
| CN103233151A (en) | High creep resistance quasicrystal-containing double phase magnesium-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108866366A (en) | A kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy materials | |
| CN104212939A (en) | High-efficiency low-consumption production method for re-melting treatment of iron alloy particles | |
| CN101635321B (en) | Method for manufacturing solar energy battery board frame section bar | |
| CN106756352B (en) | Raw Cr in one kind2B and MgO diphase particles strengthen the preparation method of magnesium-based composite material | |
| CN103757463B (en) | copper-phosphorus alloy and preparation method thereof | |
| CN101250661A (en) | Method for producing low carbon ferromanganese | |
| CN1044620C (en) | Refining agent for molten copper and preparation method | |
| CN104762537B (en) | It is applicable to the preparation technology of the al-sr alloy alterant of cast Al-Si alloy | |
| CN107313071A (en) | A kind of wet processing process containing lead oxidation slag | |
| CN107400836A (en) | A kind of magnesium metal calcium smelting reductive jar and its casting technique | |
| CN1044391C (en) | One-step process for producing medium-low carbon chromium iron |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |