CN108866366A - A kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy materials - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN108866366A CN108866366A CN201810658965.8A CN201810658965A CN108866366A CN 108866366 A CN108866366 A CN 108866366A CN 201810658965 A CN201810658965 A CN 201810658965A CN 108866366 A CN108866366 A CN 108866366A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy materials, includes the following steps:(1) silicon and aluminium ingot are put into smelting furnace to feed intake the 80-95% of total amount, are then heated up;(2) reach 830-850 DEG C to temperature, be separately added into copper additive, manganese additive and ferro element additive;(3) remaining aluminium ingot is added, adjusts temperature to 750-760 DEG C;(4) aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is added to go bad to material;(5) refining agent is added to be refined, magnesium is then added;(6) boride is added and carries out borax treatment;(7) it maintains the temperature between 745-755 DEG C, strontium is added;(8) temperature is cast between 730-750 DEG C, obtains aluminum alloy materials casting.The aluminum alloy materials heating conduction with higher and die casting mechanical property that aluminium alloy material preparation method for material of the invention is prepared.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aluminum alloy materials fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy materials.
Background technique
Aluminium alloy is that one kind is conducive to the light-weighted more performance materials of equipment.By adjusting the difference of various elements ingredient,
Aluminium alloy can be respectively provided with high thermal conductivity, high conductivity, high-yield strength, high-tensile, anticorrosive, high tenacity, high rigidity
Etc. different performances.It is widely used in the fields such as communication, automobile, communications and transportation, power and space flight and aviation.With science and technology it is continuous
Development, requirement of the new and high technology for material are also higher and higher.The development that previous single performance can no longer meet technology is wanted
It asks.
The especially propulsion of communications industry 5G technology and the update of 3C industry new product, various new technologies are to aluminium alloy
The requirement of performance is higher and higher, this has promoted to need in the widely used aluminum alloy materials in this field in intensity and heating conduction
It is upper constantly to be promoted to meet higher requirement.
Lack at present a kind of with high-intensitive and high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy materials.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy materials, includes the following steps:
(1) silicon and aluminium ingot are put into smelting furnace to feed intake the 80%-95% of total amount, are then heated up;
(2) reach 830-850 DEG C to temperature, be separately added into copper additive, manganese additive and ferro element addition
Agent;
(3) remaining aluminium ingot is added, adjusts temperature to 750 DEG C -760 DEG C;
(4) aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is added to go bad to material;
(5) refining agent is added to be refined, magnesium is then added;
(6) boride is added and carries out borax treatment;
(7) it maintains the temperature between 745-755 DEG C, strontium is added;
(8) temperature is cast between 730-750 DEG C, obtains aluminum alloy materials.
Preferably, in step (5), after magnesium is added, the ingredient of metallic solution in smelting furnace is detected, when the ingredient of metallic solution exists
In following range:Silicon, content 11-12.2%;Iron, content 0.5-1.3%;Copper, content are≤0.3%;Manganese, content are
0.1-0.5%;Magnesium, content 0.05-0.4%, zinc, content are < 0.2%;Tin, content are≤0.01%;Lead, content be≤
0.1%;Cadmium, content are≤0.01%;Other impurities total amount and be no more than 0.3%;Surplus is aluminium, then boride is added and carries out boron
Change processing.
Preferably, it in the step (7), after strontium is added, sets only 5-15 minutes, sample detection, when the ingredient of metallic solution
In following range:Silicon, content 11-12.2%;Iron, content 0.5-1.3%;Copper, content are≤0.3%;Manganese, content are
0.1-0.5%;Magnesium, content 0.05-0.4%, zinc, content are < 0.2%;Strontium, content 0.01-0.04%;Tin, content are
≤ 0.01%;Lead, content are≤0.1%;Cadmium, content are≤0.01%;Other impurities total amount and be no more than 0.3%;Surplus is
Then aluminium is cast between 730-750 DEG C.
Preferably, when the ingredient of metallic solution in smelting furnace is in range, continued to be blown molten metal 5-15 points with nitrogen
Clock is added boride, is then allowed to stand 5-15 minutes, maintains the temperature between 745-755 DEG C, and strontium is added.
Preferably, it is warming up in the step (1) after being completely melt, further includes the steps that being stirred and stand;It is described
It further include being stirred and standing after copper additive, manganese additive and ferro element additive is added in step (2)
Step;After aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is added in the step (4), further includes the steps that being stirred and stand.
Preferably, described to stir and stand alternately 3 times or more, the mixing time is -10 minutes 3 minutes, described
Time of repose is -15 minutes 5 minutes.
Preferably, in step (5), be added refining agent refined the specific steps are:Refining agent is mixed with nitrogen, one
Play blowing makes metallic solution set a period of time then slagging-off only into metal liquid, after blowing, then in the process of stirring
Middle addition magnesium.
Preferably, refining agent is sodium-free refining agent, and the dosage of the sodium-free refining agent is the 0.2- of metal gross weight in furnace
0.3%, the air pressure of the nitrogen is 0.15-0.25MPa, and speed is 0.5-0.7 kg/minute when the blowing.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy materials by weight percentage, including following component:Silicon, content 11-12.2%;
Iron, content 0.5-1.3%;Copper, content are≤0.3%;Manganese, content 0.1-0.5%;Magnesium, content 0.05-0.4%,
Zinc, content are < 0.2%;Strontium, 0.01-0.04%;Tin, content are≤0.01%;Lead, content are≤0.1%;Cadmium, content are
≤ 0.01%;Other impurities total amount and be no more than 0.3%;Surplus is aluminium.
The aluminum alloy materials that the preparation method of aluminum alloy materials of the invention is prepared have preferable heating conduction and
Die casting mechanical property.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail combined with specific embodiments below, so that this field
Technical staff can better understand the present invention and can be practiced, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy materials, includes the following steps:
(1) silicon and aluminium ingot are put into smelting furnace to feed intake the 80-95% of total amount, are then heated up;
(2) reach 830-850 DEG C to temperature, be separately added into copper additive, manganese additive and ferro element addition
Agent;
(3) remaining aluminium ingot is added, adjusts temperature to 750-760 DEG C;
(4) aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is added to go bad to material.Aluminium rare earth, can be with other than the performance of optimization material
Material is purified, so should be sufficiently stirred makes its homogeneous reaction after aluminium rare earth is added, is carried out again after then clearing up dross
Refining slagging-off.
(5) refining agent is added to be refined, magnesium is then added;
(6) boride is added and carries out borax treatment.Before borax treatment, it should be ensured that molten aluminum cleaning competence exertion boride fills
Divide effect, borax treatment can heating conduction that is effectively stable and promoting material.
(7) it maintains the temperature between 745-755 DEG C, strontium is added.Strontium mainly carries out organization optimization to material, due to that can make
At liquid air-breathing, thus should strict control add the temperature of strontium, and degassing processing is carried out after adding strontium.Simultaneously because strontium is easy
Scaling loss, so being added before casting as far as possible.The certain reaction of alloy solution is given after addition and sets the time only, can be poured
Casting.
(8) temperature is cast between 730-750 DEG C, obtains aluminum alloy materials.
In the present embodiment, aluminium rare earth and boride only play rotten equal processing, and ingredient does not make residual quantity control.
The preparation method preparation of the present embodiment helps to improve material ingot quality, optimized alloy institutional framework, and joint becomes
Matter effect is conducive to stablize and promoted the mechanical property and heating conduction of material, reduces air content, reduces energy consumption, and material is promoted to close
The advantages such as gold homogenization.
In a preferred embodiment, in preparation process, the stirring-head manufactured using graphite material carries out the stirring of low speed.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (5), after magnesium is added, the ingredient of metallic solution in smelting furnace is detected, metallic solution is worked as
Ingredient in following range:Silicon, content 11-12.2%;Iron, content 0.5-1.3%;Copper, content are≤0.3%;Manganese,
Content is 0.1-0.5%;Magnesium, content 0.05-0.4%, zinc, content are < 0.2%;Tin, content are≤0.01%;Lead contains
Amount is≤0.1%;Cadmium, content are≤0.01%;Other impurities total amount and be no more than 0.3%;Surplus is aluminium, then boride is added
Carry out borax treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, it in step (7), after strontium is added, sets only 5-15 minutes, sample detection, when metallic solution
Ingredient is in following range:Silicon, content 11-12.2%;Iron, content 0.5-1.3%;Copper, content are≤0.3%;Manganese contains
Amount is 0.1-0.5%;Magnesium, content 0.05-0.4%, zinc, content are < 0.2%;Strontium, 0.01-0.04%;Tin, content be≤
0.01%;Lead, content are≤0.1%;Cadmium, content are≤0.01%;Other impurities total amount and be no more than 0.3%;Surplus is aluminium,
Then it casts between 730-750 DEG C.
In a preferred embodiment, when the ingredient of metallic solution in smelting furnace is in range, it is molten to continue blowing metal with nitrogen
Liquid 5-15 minutes, boride is added, is then allowed to stand 5-15 minutes, maintains the temperature between 745-755 DEG C, strontium is added.
In a preferred embodiment, it is warming up in step (1) after being completely melt, further includes the steps that being stirred and stand;
It further include being stirred and standing after copper additive, manganese additive and ferro element additive is added in step (2)
Step;After aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is added in step (4), further includes the steps that being stirred and stand.
In a preferred embodiment, it stirs and stands alternately 3 times or more, mixing time is -10 minutes 3 minutes, is stood
Time is -15 minutes 5 minutes.
In a preferred embodiment, in step (5), be added refining agent refined the specific steps are:Refining agent and nitrogen
Gas mixing, is blown into metal liquid together, so that metallic solution is set a period of time only after blowing and then removes the gred, is then stirring
Magnesium is added during mixing.
In a preferred embodiment, refining agent is sodium-free refining agent, and the dosage of sodium-free refining agent is metal gross weight in furnace
0.2-0.3%, the air pressure of nitrogen are 0.15-0.25MPa, and speed is 0.5-0.7 kg/minute when blowing.Because of part rare earth
Element has with sodium element to conflict, and selects sodium-free refining agent in material melting.
In a preferred embodiment, aluminum alloy materials by weight percentage, including following component:Silicon, content 11-
12.2%;Iron, content 0.5-1.3%;Copper, content are≤0.3%;Manganese, content 0.1-0.5%;Magnesium, content 0.05-
0.4%, zinc, content is < 0.2%;Strontium, content 0.01-0.04%;Tin, content are≤0.01%;Lead, content be≤
0.1%;Cadmium, content are≤0.01%;Other impurities total amount and be no more than 0.3%;Surplus is aluminium.
In order to have further understanding and understanding to technical solution of the present invention, several preferred embodiments pair are now enumerated
It is described in further details.
Embodiment 1
Raw material proportioning, count by weight percentage:Silicon, content 11.37%;Iron, content 0.663%;Copper, content are
0.174%;Manganese, content 0.296%;Magnesium, content 0.212%, zinc, content 0.0257%;Strontium, content are
0.0169%;Tin, content are≤0.00024%;Lead, content are≤0.00013%;Cadmium, content are≤0.00093%, surplus
For aluminium.
Alloy is prepared according to said ratio, steps are as follows:
(1) silicon and aluminium ingot are put into smelting furnace and feeds intake the 90% of total amount, are then heated up, are heated to after being completely melt,
It stirs and sets alternately 3 times or more only, promote alloy homogenization.
(2) reach 830-850 DEG C to temperature, be separately added into copper additive, manganese additive and ferro element addition
Agent, it is alternately continuous again after fusing to stir and set only.
(3) remaining 10% aluminium ingot is added, adjusts temperature to 750 DEG C -760 DEG C;
(4) after temperature is stablized, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is added and goes bad to material, alternately continuously stirs again
It mixes and stirs and sets only.
(5) sodium-free refining agent is mixed with nitrogen, is blown into metallic solution, the dosage of sodium-free refining agent is metal in furnace
The 0.2-0.3% of gross weight sprays into sodium-free refining agent in molten aluminum with nitrogen as current-carrying gas, and injecting velocity is 0.5-0.7 public
Jin/minute, the air pressure of nitrogen are 0.15-0.25Mpa.Then magnesium is added.Be added magnesium after, detect smelting furnace in metallic solution at
Point.
(6) after sample chemical examination is qualified, continue blowing 10 minutes with nitrogen, the air pressure of nitrogen is 0.15-0.25MPa, then
Boride is added and carries out borax treatment.
(7) it maintains the temperature between 745-755 DEG C, strontium is added, sets only again 10 minutes, sample detection.
(8) when the condition is satisfied, temperature is cast between 730-750 DEG C, obtains aluminum alloy materials casting.
It is alternately continuous to stir and set only:It stirs and stands alternately 3 times or more, mixing time is 3 minutes -10
Minute, time of repose is -15 minutes 5 minutes.
Embodiment 2
Raw material proportioning, count by weight percentage:Silicon, content 11.41%;Iron, content 0.663%;Copper, content are
0.163%;Manganese, content 0.302%;Magnesium, content 0.204%, zinc, content 0.0246%;Strontium, 0.0167%;Tin contains
Amount is≤0.00054%;Lead, content are≤0.00086%;Cadmium, content are≤0.00092%, and surplus is aluminium.
Alloy is prepared according to said ratio, steps are as follows:
(1) silicon and aluminium ingot are put into smelting furnace and feeds intake the 90% of total amount, are then heated up, are heated to after being completely melt,
It stirs and sets alternately 3 times or more only, promote alloy homogenization.
(2) reach 830-850 DEG C to temperature, be separately added into copper additive, manganese additive and ferro element addition
Agent, it is alternately continuous again after fusing to stir and set only.
(3) remaining 10% aluminium ingot is added, adjusts temperature to 750 DEG C -760 DEG C;
(4) after temperature is stablized, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is added and goes bad to material, alternately continuously stirs again
It mixes and stirs and sets only.
(5) sodium-free refining agent is mixed with nitrogen, is blown into metallic solution, the dosage of sodium-free refining agent is metal in furnace
The 0.2-0.3% of gross weight sprays into sodium-free refining agent in molten aluminum with nitrogen as current-carrying gas, and injecting velocity is 0.5-0.7 public
Jin/minute, the air pressure of nitrogen are 0.15-0.25Mpa.Then magnesium is added.
After magnesium is added, the ingredient of metallic solution in smelting furnace is detected.
(6) after sample chemical examination is qualified, continue blowing 10 minutes with nitrogen, the air pressure of nitrogen is 0.15-0.25MPa, then
Boride is added and carries out borax treatment.
(7) it maintains the temperature between 745-755 DEG C, strontium is added, sets only again 10 minutes, sample detection.
(8) after detection is qualified, temperature is cast between 730-750 DEG C, obtains aluminum alloy materials casting.
It is alternately continuous to stir and set only:It stirs and stands alternately 3 times or more, mixing time is 3 minutes -10
Minute, time of repose is -15 minutes 5 minutes.
Comparative example 1
Compared with Example 1, in comparative example, aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is changed to cerium mischmetal intermediate alloy, and boride is changed to lanthanum
Rare earth intermediate alloy, remaining composition proportion are same as Example 1.
The thermally conductive sample of aluminum alloy materials and die casting tensile sample that embodiment 1, embodiment 2, comparative example 1 are prepared into
The measurement of row thermal coefficient and tensile strength, yield strength, elongation percentage, specific data are as shown in table 1.
Table 1
The aluminum alloy materials that embodiment 1, embodiment 2 are prepared it can be seen from the data of table 1 are with higher thermally conductive
Coefficient and die casting mechanical property.And in comparative example 1, select the rare earth for being different from application scheme to obtain as rotten material
Aluminum alloy materials thermal coefficient and die casting mechanical property it is poor.Illustrate that the preparation method of aluminum alloy materials of the invention is reasonable,
The performance optimization of aluminum alloy materials is carried out by rare earth aluminium and boride, while can also be gone bad to material, further to material
Material metal structure is refined.Material is enabled aluminum alloy to preferable heating conduction and die casting mechanical property.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all utilizations
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by present specification is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant technologies
Field is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of aluminum alloy materials, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) silicon and aluminium ingot are put into smelting furnace to feed intake the 80%-95% of total amount, are then heated up;
(2) reach 830-850 DEG C to temperature, be separately added into copper additive, manganese additive and ferro element additive;
(3) remaining aluminium ingot is added, adjusts temperature to 750-760 DEG C;
(4) aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is added to go bad to material;
(5) refining agent is added to be refined, magnesium is then added;
(6) boride is added and carries out borax treatment;
(7) it maintains the temperature between 745-755 DEG C, strontium is added;
(8) temperature is cast between 730-750 DEG C, obtains aluminum alloy materials.
2. the preparation method of aluminum alloy materials as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (5), after magnesium is added, inspection
The ingredient for surveying metallic solution in smelting furnace, when the ingredient of metallic solution is in following range:Silicon, content 11-12.2%;Iron contains
Amount is 0.5-1.3%;Copper, content are≤0.3%;Manganese, content 0.1-0.5%;Magnesium, content 0.05-0.4%, zinc, content
For < 0.2%;Tin, content are≤0.01%;Lead, content are≤0.1%;Cadmium, content are≤0.01%;Other impurities total amount and
No more than 0.3%;Surplus is aluminium, then boride is added and carries out borax treatment.
3. the preparation method of aluminum alloy materials as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step (7), strontium is added
Afterwards, it sets only 5-15 minutes, sample detection, when the ingredient of metallic solution is in following range:Silicon, content 11-12.2%;Iron,
Content is 0.5-1.3%;Copper, content are≤0.3%;Manganese, content 0.1-0.5%;Magnesium, content 0.05-0.4%, zinc contain
Amount is < 0.2%;Strontium, content 0.01-0.04%;Tin, content are≤0.01%;Lead, content are≤0.1%;Cadmium, content are
≤ 0.01%;Other impurities total amount and be no more than 0.3%;Surplus is aluminium, is then cast between 730-750 DEG C.
4. the preparation method of aluminum alloy materials as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that when the ingredient of metallic solution in smelting furnace
When in range, continues blowing molten metal 5-15 minutes with nitrogen, boride is added, is then allowed to stand 5-15 minutes, keep temperature
Strontium is added between 745-755 DEG C in degree.
5. the preparation method of aluminum alloy materials as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be warming up in the step (1)
After running down, further includes the steps that being stirred and stand;Copper additive, manganese element addition are added in the step (2)
After agent and ferro element additive, further includes the steps that being stirred and stand;Aluminium rare earth intermediate alloy is added in the step (4)
Afterwards, further include the steps that being stirred and standing.
6. the preparation method of aluminum alloy materials as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the stirring and standing are alternately
3 times or more, the mixing time is -10 minutes 3 minutes, and the time of repose is -15 minutes 5 minutes.
7. the preparation method of aluminum alloy materials as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (5), be added refining agent into
Row refining the specific steps are:Refining agent is mixed with nitrogen, is blown together into metal liquid, makes metal molten after blowing
Liquid sets a period of time only and then removes the gred, and magnesium then is added during stirring.
8. the preparation method of aluminum alloy materials as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that refining agent is sodium-free refining agent, institute
The dosage for stating sodium-free refining agent is the 0.2-0.3% of metal gross weight in furnace, and the air pressure of the nitrogen is 0.15-0.25MPa, described
Speed is 0.5-0.7 kg/minute when blowing.
9. the preparation method of aluminum alloy materials as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the aluminum alloy materials by weight hundred
Divide than meter, including following component:Silicon, content 11-12.2%;Iron, content 0.5-1.3%;Copper, content are≤0.3%;
Manganese, content 0.1-0.5%;Magnesium, content 0.05-0.4%, zinc, content are < 0.2%;Strontium, content 0.01-0.04%;
Tin, content are≤0.01%;Lead, content are≤0.1%;Cadmium, content are≤0.01%;Other impurities total amount and it is no more than
0.3%;Surplus is aluminium.
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