CN105603224A - Smelting method for preparing lead-antimony alloy from lead-containing waste - Google Patents

Smelting method for preparing lead-antimony alloy from lead-containing waste Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105603224A
CN105603224A CN201510985709.6A CN201510985709A CN105603224A CN 105603224 A CN105603224 A CN 105603224A CN 201510985709 A CN201510985709 A CN 201510985709A CN 105603224 A CN105603224 A CN 105603224A
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content
lead
antimony
copper
discarded object
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CN105603224B (en
Inventor
高富娥
曾晓哲
郭亚飞
赵雷雷
贾卫忠
刘慧慧
郭伟
付小宝
上官智伟
常科
卫锋
王洪栋
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Henan Yuguang Gold and Lead Co Ltd
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Henan Yuguang Gold and Lead Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B13/00Obtaining lead
    • C22B13/02Obtaining lead by dry processes
    • C22B13/025Recovery from waste materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C11/00Alloys based on lead
    • C22C11/08Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent
    • C22C11/10Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent with tin

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of a non-ferrous metal smelting method, in particular to a smelting method for preparing lead-antimony alloy from lead-containing waste. The smelting method comprises a plurality of steps as follows: a, loading the lead-containing waste into a pot, and completely melting the lead-containing waste at a temperature of about 327 DEG C; b, raising the temperature to 380+/-20 DEG C, adding rosin, placing the mixture into a stirrer for stirring, testing the content of copper when lead slag is turned into black powder or fine particles, and picking up dross; c, raising the temperature to 420+/-20 DEG C, adding a mixture of iron disulfide and sulphur powder in a certain proportion, testing the content of copper and sulphur when the dross becomes loose, does not cake and is turned into black powder or fine particles, and picking up the dross; d, raising the temperature to 500+/-20 DEG C, adding sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrate, and testing the content of each constituent after stirring for certain time; e, sequentially adding pure antimony, pure tin, pure arsenic and pure selenium based on the content of each constituent obtained in the previous step, as well as the requirement for alloy constituents.

Description

A kind of smelting process of leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy
Technical field
The present invention relates to non-ferrous metal metallurgy method and technology field, relate in particular to have that input cost is low, safety and environmental protection systemThe smelting process of a kind of leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy that number is high, production efficiency is high.
Background technology
Along with reviver industrial expansion, the recovery utilization rate of waste and old lead acid accumulator is more and more higher, for a long time, and industryOn adopt red phosphorus copper removal or low temperature to add sulphur slag making copper removal always, Chinese invention patent application prospectus " a kind of lead bullion fireMethod is step refining process just " (patent No. CN103667737A), comprise following step: 1, by several lead bullion and anode scrap collocation dressPot, once fills, lid dust collection cover; 2, intensification fusing, 360 DEG C of left and right of temperature control, press slag, pressure slag stone roller to hang while having a small amount of sticky leadEnter the mixer with dust collection cover; 3, will prepare flux (wood sawdust, sulphur, sheet alkali, sodium carbonate, sodium nitrate) by a certain amount of artificial generalSlow overflowing adds in pot and stirs with scoop; 4, wait to stir 1~2 hour, wait scum silica frost (sulphur slag) to become loose, do not lump, bePowdery or granular when brownish black, represents to react and reaches home, and stops stirring; 5, drag for slag and pour scum silica frost into iron plate sample examination,Enter reverberatory furnace processing; 6, by after plumbous liquid sample examination, ladle out plumbous liquid to casting mold pot, but the first step refining process of this lead bullion pyrogenic process is depositedUnder cryogenic conditions high, the lead skim inferior separating effect of danger coefficient, duty cycle is long, employee work intensity is large and copper easily returnsThe shortcomings such as molten, energy consumption cost is high, have hindered the raising of production efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical problem that energy consumption cost is high, production efficiency is low that prior art exists, throw and provide a kind ofEnter the smelting process of a kind of leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy that cost is low, safety and environmental protection coefficient is high, production efficiency is high.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A smelting process for leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy, it comprises following step:
A, by leaded discarded object dress pot, once fill it up with, add a cover pot cover, temperature is controlled to 327 DEG C of left and right complete to leaded discarded objectRunning down;
B, reduction slag making: continue to be warming up to 380 ± 20 DEG C, with the weighing scale of leaded discarded object, 0.007% rosin is added to potIn, put into mixer and stir 15-30 minute with the frequency of 20-25Hz, impel lead skim to become black powder or fine particle shape, willMixer FREQUENCY CONTROL, at 10-15Hz, is got first sample and is used direct-reading spectrometer to chemically examine the content of copper, drags for most scum silica frost;
C, copper removal: continue to be warming up to 420 ± 20 DEG C, mixer FREQUENCY CONTROL is stirred at 35Hz, by (sulphur: ferrous disulfide=2:1): the amount of copper=1:1 adds the mixture of ferrous disulfide and Cosan, stir 15-30 minute, treat that scum silica frost becomes loose, do not tiePiece, toner foam or fine particle shape darkly, represents that reaction reaches terminal, by mixer FREQUENCY CONTROL, at 20Hz, sampling is used straightThe content of reading spectrometer chemical examination copper and sulphur, drags for most scum silica frost;
D, stokehold refining: continue to be warming up to 500 ± 20 DEG C, with the weighing scale of leaded discarded object, by 0.04% NaOH and0.02% sodium nitrate adds in pot, stirs 1.5-2 hour, and the content of direct-reading spectrometer chemical examination antimony, tin, arsenic, selenium is used in sampling,Drag for most scum silica frost;
The configuration of e, alloy: continue to be warming up to 520 ± 20 DEG C, with antimony in the content of the antimony that detects in steps d and lead-antimony alloyThe star antimony addition that composition requires the difference between content to calculate adds star antimony, by the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer 20Hz withInterior stirring 10-15 minute, is controlled at 480 ± 20 DEG C by temperature, with tin in the content of the tin that detects in steps d and lead-antimony alloyThe composition pure tin addition that requires the difference between content to calculate add pure tin, by the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer at 20HzWith interior stirring 10-15 minute, require content with the composition of arsenic, selenium in the content of the arsenic that detects in steps d, selenium and lead-antimony alloyBetween the difference pure arsenic, the pure selenium addition that calculate add pure arsenic, pure selenium, by the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer in 25Hz left and rightStir 10-15 minute, sampling uses direct-reading spectrometer to chemically examine the content of each composition, opens plumbous pump and starts ingot casting.
The content of the copper of chemically examining in described step b is not less than 0.003%.
The content of the copper of chemically examining in described step c is not more than 0.003%, and the content of sulphur is not more than 0.01%.
In described steps d, first add NaOH, then add sodium nitrate.
In described step e, first add pure arsenic, then add pure selenium.
The content of the copper of chemically examining in described step b is not more than 0.003% can directly carry out the operation of steps d.
The content of the copper of chemically examining in described step c is not less than 0.003% needs repeating step c until the content of copper is not more than0.003%。
In described step e ingot casting complete after pot in a remaining lead-antimony alloy tailing can mix with leaded discarded objectThe raw material of smelting as next batch.
Reaction equation in the inventive method copper removal process is:
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1. ferrous disulfide and Cosan can be reduced in the toxic excitant producing in course of reaction greatly in 2:1 ratio copper removalGas, avoids atmosphere to pollute, and greatly improves Environmental Safety coefficient;
2. adopt ferrous disulfide copper removal to overcome that Cosan is easy to burning in copper removal process, sulphur is converted into sulfur dioxide and losesShortcoming, ferrous disulfide effective rate of utilization has obtained large increase, in alloy, the content of element sulphur and ferro element can not bringThe influence of fluctuations of impurity content;
3. temperature rises to 420 ± 20 DEG C by 380 ± 20 DEG C when copper removal, has avoided adding the copper removal program of water for cooling, effectively contractingShort production duration, that has reduced direct labor drags for slag operation intensity;
Ingot casting complete after in pot a remaining lead-antimony alloy can mix with leaded discarded object the raw material as next batch smelting,Effectively form recycling of lead-antimony alloy.
In a word, the smelting process of leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy provided by the invention has that input cost is low, safetyThe advantage that environmental protection coefficient is high, production efficiency is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the smelting process of a kind of leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Embodiment 1:
By leaded 30t discarded object dress pot, once fill it up with, temperature is controlled to 325 DEG C and melts completely to leaded discarded object; Heat up againTo 360 DEG C, add 2.1kg rosin, put into mixer and stir 15 minutes with the frequency of 20Hz, impel lead skim become black powder orFine particle shape, by mixer FREQUENCY CONTROL, at 10Hz, the content of getting first sample utilization direct-reading spectrometer chemical examination copper is 0.003%,Drag for most scum silica frost; Continue to be warming up to 400 DEG C, mixer FREQUENCY CONTROL is stirred at 35Hz, in whipping process, by (sulphur: two sulphurChange iron=2:1): the amount of copper=1:1 adds the mixture 0.9kg of Cosan and ferrous disulfide, stirs 15 minutes, treats that scum silica frost becomesLoosen, do not lump, toner foam or fine particle shape darkly, represents that reaction reaches terminal, at 20Hz, gets mixer FREQUENCY CONTROLSample uses the content of direct-reading spectrometer chemical examination copper and sulphur to be respectively 0.0005% and 0.0025%, drags for most scum silica frost; Continue to be warming up to480 DEG C, first add 12kg NaOH, then add 6kg sodium nitrate to carry out basic refining, to stir 1.5 hours, direct-reading is used in samplingThe content of spectrometer chemical examination antimony, tin, arsenic, selenium is respectively 1.75%, 0.01%, 0.005%, 0, drags for most scum silica frost; Continue to be warming up to500 DEG C, add 360kg star antimony, the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer is stirred 10 minutes at 15Hz, temperature is controlled to 460 DEG C, add27kg pure tin, stirs the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer 10 minutes at 15Hz, and first add the pure arsenic of 28.5kg, then add 3.6kg pure selenium,The FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer is stirred 10 minutes at 23Hz, and the content that sampling uses direct-reading spectrometer to chemically examine each composition is respectivelyAntimony: 2.95%, tin: 0.10%, arsenic: 0.1%, selenium: 0.012%, copper: 0.0008%, bismuth: 0.012%, nickel: 0.0005%,Zinc: 0.0005%, iron: 0.0005%, sulphur: 0.001%, lead is surplus, opens plumbous pump and starts ingot casting.
Embodiment 2:
By leaded 30t discarded object dress pot, once fill it up with, temperature is controlled to 327 DEG C and melts completely to leaded discarded object; Heat up againTo 380 DEG C, add 2.1kg rosin, put into mixer and stir 20 minutes with the frequency of 22Hz, impel lead skim become black powder orFine particle shape, by mixer FREQUENCY CONTROL, at 12Hz, the content of getting first sample utilization direct-reading spectrometer chemical examination copper is 0.0032%,Drag for most scum silica frost; Continue to be warming up to 420 DEG C, mixer FREQUENCY CONTROL is stirred at 35Hz, in whipping process, by (sulphur: two sulphurChange iron=2:1): the amount of copper=1:1 adds the mixture 0.96kg of Cosan and ferrous disulfide, stirs 20 minutes, treats that scum silica frost becomesLoosen, do not lump, toner foam or fine particle shape darkly, represents that reaction reaches terminal, at 20Hz, gets mixer FREQUENCY CONTROLSample uses the content of direct-reading spectrometer chemical examination copper and sulphur to be respectively 0.0012% and 0.005%, drags for most scum silica frost; Continue to be warming up to500 DEG C, first add 12kg NaOH, then add 6kg sodium nitrate to carry out basic refining, to stir 1.8 hours, direct-reading is used in samplingThe content of spectrometer chemical examination antimony, tin, arsenic, selenium is respectively 1.79%, 0.015%, 0.01%, 0, drags for most scum silica frost; Continue to be warming up to520 DEG C, add 363kg star antimony, the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer is stirred 12 minutes at 18Hz, temperature is controlled to 480 DEG C, add31.5kg pure tin, stirs the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer 12 minutes at 18Hz, and first add the pure arsenic of 42kg, then add 4.5kg pure selenium,The FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer is stirred 12 minutes at 25Hz, and the content that sampling uses direct-reading spectrometer to chemically examine each composition is respectivelyAntimony: 3%, tin: 0.12%, arsenic: 0.15%, selenium: 0.015%, copper: 0.001%, bismuth: 0.011%, nickel: 0.0005%, zinc:0.0005%, iron: 0.0005%, sulphur: 0.001%, lead is surplus, opens plumbous pump and starts ingot casting.
Embodiment 3:
By leaded 30t discarded object dress pot, once fill it up with, temperature is controlled to 330 DEG C and melts completely to leaded discarded object; Heat up againTo 400 DEG C, add 2.1kg rosin, put into mixer and stir 30 minutes with the frequency of 25Hz, impel lead skim become black powder orFine particle shape, by mixer FREQUENCY CONTROL, at 15Hz, the content of getting first sample utilization direct-reading spectrometer chemical examination copper is 0.0035%,Drag for most scum silica frost; Continue to be warming up to 440 DEG C, mixer FREQUENCY CONTROL is stirred at 35Hz, in whipping process, by (sulphur: two sulphurChange iron=2:1): the amount of copper=1:1 adds the mixture 1.05kg of Cosan and ferrous disulfide, stirs 30 minutes, treats that scum silica frost becomesLoosen, do not lump, toner foam or fine particle shape darkly, represents that reaction reaches terminal, at 20Hz, gets mixer FREQUENCY CONTROLSample uses the content of direct-reading spectrometer chemical examination copper and sulphur to be respectively 0.0018% and 0.009%, drags for most scum silica frost; Continue to be warming up to520 DEG C, first add 12kg NaOH, then add 6kg sodium nitrate to carry out basic refining, to stir 2 hours, direct-reading light is used in samplingThe content of spectrometer chemical examination antimony, tin, arsenic, selenium is respectively 1.8%, 0.018%, 0.015%, 0, drags for most scum silica frost; Continue to be warming up to 540DEG C, add 384kg star antimony, the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer is stirred 15 minutes at 20Hz, temperature is controlled to 480 DEG C, add32.1kg pure tin, stirs the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer 15 minutes at 10Hz, first adds the pure arsenic of 44.7kg, then adds 5.1kg pureSelenium, stirs the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer 15 minutes at 27Hz, and sampling uses direct-reading spectrometer to chemically examine the content difference of each compositionFor antimony: 3.08%, tin: 0.125%, arsenic: 0.164%, selenium: 0.017%, copper: 0.0015%, bismuth: 0.012%, nickel:0.0005%, zinc: 0.0005%, iron: 0.0005%, sulphur: 0.001%, lead is surplus, opens plumbous pump and starts ingot casting.

Claims (8)

1. a smelting process for leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy, is characterized in that it comprises following step:
A, by leaded discarded object dress pot, once fill it up with, add a cover pot cover, temperature is controlled to 327 DEG C of left and right complete to leaded discarded objectRunning down;
B, reduction slag making: continue to be warming up to 380 ± 20 DEG C, with the weighing scale of leaded discarded object, 0.007% rosin is added to potIn, put into mixer and stir 15-30 minute with the frequency of 20-25Hz, impel lead skim to become black powder or fine particle shape, willMixer FREQUENCY CONTROL, at 10-15Hz, is got first sample and is used direct-reading spectrometer to chemically examine the content of copper, drags for most scum silica frost;
C, copper removal: continue to be warming up to 420 ± 20 DEG C, mixer FREQUENCY CONTROL is stirred at 35Hz, by (sulphur: ferrous disulfide=2:1): the amount of copper=1:1 adds the mixture of ferrous disulfide and Cosan, stir 15-30 minute, treat that scum silica frost becomes loose, do not tiePiece, toner foam or fine particle shape darkly, represents that reaction reaches terminal, by mixer FREQUENCY CONTROL, at 20Hz, sampling is used straightThe content of reading spectrometer chemical examination copper and sulphur, drags for most scum silica frost;
D, stokehold refining: continue to be warming up to 500 ± 20 DEG C, with the weighing scale of leaded discarded object, by 0.04% NaOH and0.02% sodium nitrate adds in pot, stirs 1.5-2 hour, and the content of direct-reading spectrometer chemical examination antimony, tin, arsenic, selenium is used in sampling,Drag for most scum silica frost;
The configuration of e, alloy: continue to be warming up to 520 ± 20 DEG C, with antimony in the content of the antimony that detects in steps d and lead-antimony alloyThe star antimony addition that composition requires the difference between content to calculate adds star antimony, by the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer 20Hz withInterior stirring 10-15 minute, is controlled at 480 ± 20 DEG C by temperature, with tin in the content of the tin that detects in steps d and lead-antimony alloyThe composition pure tin addition that requires the difference between content to calculate add pure tin, by the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer at 20HzWith interior stirring 10-15 minute, require content with the composition of arsenic, selenium in the content of the arsenic that detects in steps d, selenium and lead-antimony alloyBetween the difference pure arsenic, the pure selenium addition that calculate add pure arsenic, pure selenium, by the FREQUENCY CONTROL of mixer in 25Hz left and rightStir 10-15 minute, sampling uses direct-reading spectrometer to chemically examine the content of each composition, opens plumbous pump and starts ingot casting.
2. the smelting process of leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stepThe content of the copper of chemically examining in rapid b is not less than 0.003%.
3. the smelting process of leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stepThe content of the copper of chemically examining in rapid c is not more than 0.003%, and the content of sulphur is not more than 0.01%.
4. the smelting process that leaded discarded object according to claim 1 is made lead-antimony alloy, is characterized in that: described stepIn rapid d, first add NaOH, then add sodium nitrate.
5. the smelting process of leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stepIn rapid e, first add pure arsenic, then add pure selenium.
6. the smelting process of leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described stepThe content of the copper of chemically examining in rapid b is not more than 0.003% and can directly carries out the operation of steps d.
7. the smelting process of leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described stepThe content of the copper of chemically examining in rapid c is not less than 0.003% needs repeating step c until the content of copper is not more than 0.003%.
8. according to the smelting process of the leaded discarded object configuration lead-antimony alloy described in any one in claim 1 to 7, its feature existsIn: in described step e ingot casting complete after in pot remaining lead-antimony alloy tailing can with leaded discarded object mixing conductThe raw material that next batch is smelted.
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CN110499428A (en) * 2019-08-05 2019-11-26 襄阳金湛技术开发有限公司 A kind of reviver decoppering agent and preparation method thereof
CN111751298A (en) * 2020-07-21 2020-10-09 襄阳金湛技术开发有限公司 Method for measuring content of non-metal elements in crude lead
CN112095018A (en) * 2020-08-11 2020-12-18 大连理工大学 Method for controlling components in process of refining high-temperature alloy by electron beam
CN112391529A (en) * 2020-10-15 2021-02-23 襄阳市立强机械有限公司 Regenerated lead and regenerated antimonic acid alkali balance comprehensive smelting process

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CN107619944A (en) * 2016-07-16 2018-01-23 江西金洋金属有限公司 A kind of method that impurity in lead is removed using decoppering agent
CN106282596A (en) * 2016-08-27 2017-01-04 安徽省陶庄湖废弃物处置有限公司 A kind of anaerobic pressurizing processes smelts the method for lead bearing waste
CN106282596B (en) * 2016-08-27 2018-07-03 安徽省陶庄湖废弃物处置有限公司 A kind of method that anaerobic pressurizing processes smelt lead bearing waste
CN106629633A (en) * 2016-12-27 2017-05-10 郴州市金贵银业股份有限公司 Method for refining and removing arsenic from precipitated tellurium
CN110499428A (en) * 2019-08-05 2019-11-26 襄阳金湛技术开发有限公司 A kind of reviver decoppering agent and preparation method thereof
CN111751298A (en) * 2020-07-21 2020-10-09 襄阳金湛技术开发有限公司 Method for measuring content of non-metal elements in crude lead
CN111751298B (en) * 2020-07-21 2022-07-15 骆驼集团蓄电池研究院有限公司 Method for measuring content of non-metal elements in crude lead
CN112095018A (en) * 2020-08-11 2020-12-18 大连理工大学 Method for controlling components in process of refining high-temperature alloy by electron beam
CN112391529A (en) * 2020-10-15 2021-02-23 襄阳市立强机械有限公司 Regenerated lead and regenerated antimonic acid alkali balance comprehensive smelting process

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