CN101526015A - Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine - Google Patents
Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101526015A CN101526015A CN200910134376A CN200910134376A CN101526015A CN 101526015 A CN101526015 A CN 101526015A CN 200910134376 A CN200910134376 A CN 200910134376A CN 200910134376 A CN200910134376 A CN 200910134376A CN 101526015 A CN101526015 A CN 101526015A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a recuperative high efficiency turbine engine, belonging to the turbine engine technical field. The engine comprises a casing, a main shaft, an impeller and an airflow guide device and is characterized in that the impeller is provided with a heat exchanger (2). Working medium flow (1) entering a turbine group firstly flows through the heat exchanger (2) before impacting blades. In the heat exchanger (2), the refrigerant flow does work with the impact blades. After the counter flow heat exchange and the self-heat absorption, the working medium flow impacts the blades of a turbine group to do work. After impacting the blades to do work, the refrigerant flow flows through the heat exchanger (2). After the counter flow heat exchange and the self-heat absorption, the working medium flow (1) enters an impeller group of the next grade before impacting the blades. The working process from expansion, heat exchanging, work doing and shrinkage to heat exchanging is repeated. The turbine engine can utilize normal temperature or low temperature heat sources of the nature and has the advantages of simple structure, low vapor temperature and extremely high heat efficiency. The recuperative high efficiency turbine engine is widely applied to low boiling point working medium turbine engines and current steam turbines. The heat efficiency reaches more than 95 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine, belongs to steam turbine engine.
Background technique
In the thermal power generation process, the superheated vapor of High Temperature High Pressure is by behind the nozzle of steam turbine, and pressure and temperature reduces, volumetric expansion, and flow velocity increases, and heat energy changes kinetic energy into, and pushing turbine rotates, and drives engine power generation by steam turbine.The low temperature and low pressure steam that steam turbine is discharged is sent vapour condenser to and is condensed into water, sends into boiler again and recycles.Because the structure of steam turbine is reasonable inadequately, the heat of swelling in the steam, steam leaving velocity energy and latent heat do not obtain utilizing, and cause a large amount of energy losses, and its thermal efficiency has only 30%-40%.
Because be subjected to the restriction of the Carnot's cycle thermal efficiency, present natural low-temperature heat source still can't be utilized.The major measure that improves now the thermal efficiency is more than the temperature to 700 ℃ by improving steam.The raising of vapor (steam) temperature, not only consumed the energy in a large number, all had higher requirement for simultaneously the technical orders such as intensity, high-temperature and durable, creep resistance of the component materials of thermal power unit, especially steam turbine engine, promptly increase manufacturing, maintenance cost, improved technical difficulty again.
In order to obtain higher primary, impact speed, the impeller diameter of traditional turbine rotor group all is ascending, increases step by step; The high pressure stage blade is shorter, and the low pressure stage blade is longer, and impeller is just big more by the back diameter more, and the air-flow path of formation is approximate horn-like.Cause to be reused after the volume expansion.Thereby cause in the air-flow can transformation efficiency lowly, make to comprise heat of swelling, leaving velocity and latent heat can be utilized in interior quite a few.This intrinsic structure of traditional steam turbine engine is the major reason that causes its thermal efficiency low.
A kind of natural normal temperature or low-temperature heat source, steam turbine engine simple in structure, that steam stable is lower, the thermal efficiency is high of can utilizing is the urgent expectations of people.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, can utilize natural normal temperature or low-temperature heat source, simple in structure, vapor (steam) temperature is lower, the thermal efficiency is high steam turbine engine and provide a kind of.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:
Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of the present invention comprises housing, main shaft, impeller and airflow guiding device; It is characterized in that:
A., heat exchanger (2) is housed on the impeller, provides the equipment support for carrying out exchange heat between the air-flow after air-flow before the impact blade and the impact blade;
B. the working medium air-flow (1) that enters the steamer group is before impacting blade, and the heat exchanger (2) of at first flowing through in heat exchanger (2), carries out countercurrent flow with the working medium air-flow that impacts after blade does work, and after self absorbs heat, impacts the acting of steamer group blade;
C. impact the working medium air-flow after blade does work, the heat exchanger (2) of flowing through carries out countercurrent flow with the working medium air-flow (1) that impacts before the blade, after self heat release, enter the next stage impeller sets, reexpansion-heat exchange-acting-contraction-heat exchange-enter working procedure of next stage impeller sets;
D. in whole steam turbine, the working medium air-flow is worked under the high pressure condition, and import is pressurized gas, and the outlet overwhelming majority is the supercritical gas of low-pressure low-temperature or the gas liquid mixture of low temperature.
The present inventor finds that in steam turbine the working medium air-flow that enters impeller sets is because expansion is quickened, and temperature, pressure all can reduce; And the air-flow path bore narrows down behind the working medium gas shock impeller blade, causes the instantaneous rising of its pressure and temperature.Even temperature can be higher than steam turbine inlet air flow acceleration back temperature.Therefore excited heat exchanger (2) has been housed on turbine rotor, for carrying out the innovation and creation inspiration that exchange heat provides equipment to support, the restriction of having broken the Carnot's cycle thermal efficiency between the air-flow after air-flow before the impact blade and the impact blade.The present invention has designed heat exchange-type high efficiency gas turbine engine, in the tradition turbine rotor group, impacting between the air-flow before and after the blade never, the people expects being provided with heat exchanger, designed import and export air-flow heat exchanger (2) on the impeller of the present invention, the low-voltage high speed air-flow of the heat transferred import of the high pressure low speed flow of air-flow is fully utilized the heat in the air-flow for export.Thereby, improved the thermal efficiency of steam turbine engine of the present invention greatly, finished the present invention.
In steam turbine of the present invention, working fluid is worked under the supercritical pressure condition, and import is pressurized gas, and the outlet overwhelming majority is the supercritical gas of low-pressure low-temperature or the gas liquid mixture of low temperature.Heat of swelling, leaving velocity energy, the calorific potential that working medium is carried almost all is converted into the mechanical energy of pushing turbine rotation, reduced the load of vapour condenser greatly, and therefore, the thermal efficiency is high.
Purpose of the present invention can also reach by following measure:
Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of the present invention is characterized in that it being the efficient steam turbine generator of a kind of vertical heat exchange-type, and the working medium air-flow enters steam turbine from top to bottom; In each impeller sets, working medium air-flow (1) quickens to diffusion all around earlier, and after heat exchanger (2) heat exchange, impeller blades utilizes leaving velocity from compiling to the center more all around, and air-flow path narrows down, and heats up, boosts, after heat exchanger (2) heat exchange.Enter the next stage impeller sets.
The efficient steam turbine generator of vertical heat exchange-type, steam turbine top are the working medium fluid inlets, and the bottom is the working medium fluid output; Help impeller and utilize centrifugal force to be thrown on the steam turbine wall liquid of liquefaction,, make vapour, liquid boundary clear, avoided because of vapour, liquid is uneven that impeller is produced liquid hammer along flowing to the bottom under the inner walls.
Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of the present invention is characterized in that it being a kind of vertical steam turbine engine of being inverted normal cone platform shape that is, and the impeller sets diameter in the steam turbine engine reduces from top to bottom step by step, and whole steam turbine shell is is inverted normal cone platform shape; Its tapering is controlled at the poor of upper and lower two bottom surface circle diameters: frustum cone height is 1: between the 8-20.
For the ease of making full use of the heat of swelling of air-flow, leaving velocity energy and calorific potential, impeller diameters at different levels all are descending, reduce step by step, make full use of energy in the fluid.Because impeller diameter reduces from top to bottom step by step; The high pressure stage blade is longer, and the low pressure stage blade is shorter, and whole steam turbine shell is the structure of being inverted normal cone platform shape relaxes the working fluid expansion, and its pressure, flow velocity are slowly reduced, and helps giving full play to the effect of all impeller sets blades; Say that again high pressure, high velocity air be impulse high voltage level linear leaf at first, the impeller blade that reduces step by step of order impact diameter makes all impeller sets all be in optimum Working then.Help the abundant conversion of the energy that working medium carries, thereby improve the thermal efficiency.Effective active length of steam turbine and upper and lower mouthful of diameter are vital technical parameters for its throughput and the thermal efficiency, according to the demand setting of the thermodynamic property of working medium and different heat generating system, the fluid that keeps flowing out tail level impeller sets is in greater than its critical pressure, is lower than its critical temperature working state.
Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of the present invention is characterized in that on the described impeller and inner walls is provided with vertical guiding gutter.So that the liquid after the liquefaction in time flows to casing along guiding gutter, flow to the bottom along casing again and discharge, avoid liquid hammer.
Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of the present invention is characterized in that two or more Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine overlapped in series uses, forms multistage turbine.Can further improve the thermal efficiency of steam turbine.
Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of the present invention is characterized in that described impeller blade is parabolic surface or arc surfaced, decides the impeller sets blade and to decide the impeller sets blade shape identical, but the baffling direction is opposite.
The high speed operation air-flow enters steam turbine engine along the impeller sets central shaft, after the nozzle directive is decided the impeller sets blade, immediately by baffling and impact the blade of movable vane wheels, causes the impeller rotation; Simultaneously, the air-flow behind the impact movable vane wheel is punched into next stage and decides impeller blade by the moving vane baffling, and working air current impacts next stage movable vane wheel once more by baffling.Acting consumes the energy that carries of working medium air-flow to multi-stage impeller in stroke like this, interior can constantly the minimizing, and be liquefied.Simultaneously, constantly externally acting generating of rotation of movable vane wheel.Impeller blade is parabolic surface or arc surfaced, decides the impeller sets blade and to decide the impeller sets blade shape identical, but the baffling direction is opposite.For outstanding contributions are made in the raising of turbine thermodynamic efficiency.
Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of the present invention is characterized in that it being a kind of low boiling working fluid steam turbine engine; In steam turbine engine, working fluid is worked under the supercritical pressure condition, and import is pressurized gas, and the outlet overwhelming majority is the supercritical gas of low-temp low-pressure or the gas liquid mixture of low temperature.Be specially adapted to the low boiling working fluid steam turbine engine that adopts in the natural energy resources heat generating system, described low boiling working fluid is nitrogen, oxygen, argon, neon, carbon dioxide, xenon, ammonia.
Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine contrast prior art of the present invention has following remarkable result:
1. provide a kind of and can utilize natural normal temperature or low-temperature heat source, simple in structure, vapor (steam) temperature is lower, the thermal efficiency is high steam turbine engine;
2. vapor (steam) temperature is lower, the thermal efficiency is high: vapor (steam) temperature is below 500 ℃, and the thermal efficiency is more than 95%;
3. simple in structure, volume is less, easy to maintenance, low cost of manufacture;
4. be specially adapted to natural low temperature heat energy is converted into the heat generating system of electric energy.Be a kind of energy saving, the desirable high efficiency steam turbine engine of protection environment;
5. be combined as multistage steam turbine engine easily and flexibly, of many uses;
6. be fit to build large-scale power generation system, can replace existing steam turbine fully comprehensively.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below:
Fig. 1 is a Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine steamer group sectional structure schematic representation;
Among the figure:
1-steamer group import working medium air-flow;
The 2-heat exchanger;
The 3-cutoff board;
The 4-stationary blade wheel;
The 5-stator blade;
6-movable vane wheel;
7-movable vane wheel;
8-steam turbine axis;
9-steamer group outlet working medium fluid;
10-steam turbine and generator connection set.
The present invention will now be further detailed embodiment:
1 one kinds of Recuperative high efficiency turbine generators of embodiment
A., heat exchanger (2) is housed on the impeller, provides the equipment support for carrying out exchange heat between the air-flow after air-flow before the impact blade and the impact blade;
B. the working medium air-flow (1) that enters the steamer group is before impacting blade, and the heat exchanger (2) of at first flowing through in heat exchanger (2), carries out countercurrent flow with the working medium air-flow that impacts after blade does work, and after self absorbs heat, impacts the acting of steamer group blade;
C. impact the working medium air-flow after blade does work, the heat exchanger (2) of flowing through carries out countercurrent flow with the working medium air-flow (1) that impacts before the blade, after self heat release, enter the next stage impeller sets, reexpansion-heat exchange-acting-contraction-heat exchange-enter working procedure of next stage impeller sets;
D. in whole steam turbine, the working medium air-flow is worked under the high pressure condition, and import is pressurized gas, and the outlet overwhelming majority is the supercritical gas of low-pressure low-temperature or the gas liquid mixture of low temperature.
Impeller blade is parabolic surface or arc surfaced, decides the impeller sets blade and to decide the impeller sets blade shape identical, but the baffling direction is opposite.The thermal efficiency is more than 95%.
2 one kinds of efficient steam turbine generators of vertical heat exchange-type of embodiment
According to the efficient steam turbine engine of embodiment 1 heat exchange-type, the efficient steam turbine generator of a kind of vertical heat exchange-type is provided with vertical guiding gutter with inner walls on the impeller.The working medium air-flow enters steam turbine from top to bottom; In each impeller sets, working medium air-flow (1) quickens to diffusion all around earlier, and after heat exchanger (2) heat exchange, impeller blades utilizes leaving velocity from compiling to the center more all around, and air-flow path narrows down, and heats up, boosts, after heat exchanger (2) heat exchange.Enter the next stage impeller sets.The thermal efficiency is more than 95%.
3 one kinds of vertical Recuperative high efficiency turbine engines of being inverted normal cone platform shape that are of embodiment
According to embodiment 2 vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine, a kind of vertical Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of being inverted normal cone platform shape that is, the impeller sets diameter in the steam turbine engine reduces from top to bottom step by step, and whole steam turbine shell is is inverted normal cone platform shape; Its tapering is controlled at the poor of upper and lower two bottom surface circle diameters: frustum cone height is 1: between the 8-20.Low boiling working fluid adopts carbon dioxide.The thermal efficiency is more than 95%.
4 one kinds of vertical heat exchange-type high-efficiency vapor turbines of embodiment
According to embodiment 1 steam turbine engine, working medium is 300-500 ℃ water vapour.Be to use, form 3 level steam turbine motors by 3 Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine overlapped in series.
Claims (8)
1. a Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine comprises housing, main shaft, impeller and airflow guiding device; It is characterized in that:
A., heat exchanger (2) is housed on the impeller, provides the equipment support for carrying out exchange heat between the air-flow after air-flow before the impact blade and the impact blade;
B. the working medium air-flow (1) that enters the steamer group is before impacting blade, and the heat exchanger (2) of at first flowing through in heat exchanger (2), carries out countercurrent flow with the working medium air-flow that impacts after blade does work, and after self absorbs heat, impacts the acting of steamer group blade;
C. impact the working medium air-flow after blade does work, the heat exchanger (2) of flowing through carries out countercurrent flow with the working medium air-flow (1) that impacts before the blade, after self heat release, enter the next stage impeller sets, reexpansion-heat exchange-acting-contraction-heat exchange-enter working procedure of next stage impeller sets;
D. in whole steam turbine, the working medium air-flow is worked under the high pressure condition, and import is pressurized gas, and the outlet overwhelming majority is the supercritical gas of low-pressure low-temperature or the gas liquid mixture of low temperature.
2. according to the Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that it being the efficient steam turbine generator of a kind of vertical heat exchange-type, the working medium air-flow enters steam turbine from top to bottom; In each impeller sets, working medium air-flow (1) quickens to diffusion all around earlier, and after heat exchanger (2) heat exchange, impeller blades utilizes leaving velocity from compiling to the center more all around, and air-flow path narrows down, and heats up, boosts, after heat exchanger (2) heat exchange.Enter the next stage impeller sets.
3. according to the Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of claim 2, it is characterized in that it being a kind of vertical steam turbine engine of being inverted normal cone platform shape that is, impeller sets diameter in the steam turbine engine reduces from top to bottom step by step, and whole steam turbine shell is is inverted normal cone platform shape; Its tapering is controlled at the poor of upper and lower two bottom surface circle diameters: frustum cone height is 1: between the 8-20.
4. according to the Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of claim 2, it is characterized in that being provided with vertical guiding gutter with inner walls on the described impeller.
5 Recuperative high efficiency turbine engines according to claim 1 is characterized in that two or more Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine overlapped in series uses, form multistage turbine.
6. according to the Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that described impeller blade is parabolic surface or arc surfaced, decide the impeller sets blade and to decide the impeller sets blade shape identical, but the baffling direction is opposite.
7. according to the Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that it being a kind of low boiling working fluid steam turbine engine; In steam turbine, working fluid is worked under the supercritical pressure condition, and import is pressurized gas, and the outlet overwhelming majority is the supercritical gas of low-temp low-pressure or the gas liquid mixture of low temperature.
8. Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine according to Claim 8 is characterized in that described low boiling working fluid is nitrogen, oxygen, argon, neon, carbon dioxide, xenon, ammonia.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910134376A CN101526015A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2009-04-10 | Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101445384A CN101328813A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2008-07-22 | Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine |
| CN200810144538.4 | 2008-07-22 | ||
| CN200910134376A CN101526015A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2009-04-10 | Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine |
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| CN101526015A true CN101526015A (en) | 2009-09-09 |
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| CNA2008101445384A Pending CN101328813A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2008-07-22 | Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine |
| CN200910134376A Pending CN101526015A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2009-04-10 | Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine |
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| CNA2008101445384A Pending CN101328813A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2008-07-22 | Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108518249A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-09-11 | 匡亚剑 | One kind being vertically arranged formula steam turbine generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109306874B (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2021-09-03 | 唐山三友集团兴达化纤有限公司 | Vertical low-pressure steam small-differential-pressure small-power steam turbine asynchronous power generation device |
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2008
- 2008-07-22 CN CNA2008101445384A patent/CN101328813A/en active Pending
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- 2009-04-10 CN CN200910134376A patent/CN101526015A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108518249A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-09-11 | 匡亚剑 | One kind being vertically arranged formula steam turbine generator |
| CN108518249B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2023-12-12 | 匡亚剑 | Vertical arrangement type steam turbine generator |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101328813A (en) | 2008-12-24 |
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Open date: 20090909 |