CN101328813A - Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine - Google Patents
Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101328813A CN101328813A CNA2008101445384A CN200810144538A CN101328813A CN 101328813 A CN101328813 A CN 101328813A CN A2008101445384 A CNA2008101445384 A CN A2008101445384A CN 200810144538 A CN200810144538 A CN 200810144538A CN 101328813 A CN101328813 A CN 101328813A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vertical high-efficiency steam turbine engine, relating to a steam turbine engine, in particular to a steam turbine engine using steam of critical or supercritical pressure. The invention provides a steam turbine engine with low stem temperature, high thermal efficiency, simple structure and lower cost. The impeller assembly of the high-efficiency steam turbine engine is arranged vertically, wherein, the diameter of the impeller assembly decreases gradually from the top down; the high-pressure blades are longer than the low-pressure blades, and the entire shell of the steam turbine engine is shaped like an inverted cone; high-temperature and high-pressure medium gas is let in from the top part of the steam turbine engine, while the medium liquid, the pressure of which is higher than the critical pressure and the temperature of which is lower than the critical temperature, is discharged from the bottom part. The invention is widely applicable to steam turbine engines, the prior steam turbine engines and large-scale power generation systems using low boiling point medium liquid in thermal power generation systems, and the thermal efficiency is as high as over 95 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine, relates to steam turbine engine, particularly utilizes steam turbine engine critical or supercritical pressure steam.
Background technique
In the thermal power generation process, the superheated vapor of High Temperature High Pressure is by behind the nozzle of steam turbine, and pressure and temperature reduces, volumetric expansion, and flow velocity increases, and heat energy changes kinetic energy into, and pushing turbine rotates, and drives engine power generation by steam turbine.The low temperature and low pressure steam that steam turbine is discharged is sent vapour condenser to and is condensed into water, sends into boiler again and recycles.Because the unreasonable structure of steam turbine, the gasification latent heat in the steam do not obtain utilizing, and cause a large amount of heat-energy losses, its thermal efficiency has only 30%-40%.
The deterioration positive energize people of current shortage of energy sources and physical environment improve the thermal efficiency of heat power generating system by every possible means, in order to reduce the ratio of latent heat in whole thermodynamic system, present major measure is to improve the thermal efficiency of power generating equipment by the temperature that improves steam, present vapor (steam) temperature has been brought up to more than 700 ℃, the raising of vapor (steam) temperature, give thermal power unit, especially the intensity of the component materials of steam turbine engine, high-temperature and durable, technical orders such as creep resistance are all had higher requirement, promptly increased manufacturing, maintenance cost has improved technical difficulty again.
Up to now, steam turbine engine is horizontal type structure, is unfavorable for that gas phase liquefaction separates with gas, liquid; In order to obtain higher primary, impact speed, the impeller diameter of traditional turbine rotor group all is ascending, increases step by step; The high pressure stage blade is shorter, and the low pressure stage blade is longer, and the air-flow path of formation is approximate horn-like.Thereby cause the too fast expansion of gas volume to cause stream pressure and flow velocity to reduce rapidly; Follow-up kinetic energy transformation efficiency is low; Simultaneously, because the low pressure stage blade is longer, the gas shock area is big, so gas is in swelling state, gas internal energy is higher, is difficult for liquefaction, causes comprising in quite a few of latent heat being utilized.This intrinsic structure of traditional steam turbine engine is the major reason that causes its thermal efficiency low.
A kind of vapor (steam) temperature is lower, the thermal efficiency is high, and simple in structure, lower-cost steam turbine engine is the urgent expectations of people.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, provide that a kind of vapor (steam) temperature is low, the thermal efficiency is high, simple in structure, lower-cost gas turbine engine.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:
A kind of vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine comprises housing, main shaft, impeller and airflow guiding device: it is characterized in that:
A. impeller sets is vertical arranges, and its impeller diameter reduces from top to bottom step by step; The high pressure stage blade is longer, and the low pressure stage blade is shorter, and whole steam turbine shell is is inverted normal cone platform shape; The steam turbine top is the working medium fluid inlet, and the bottom is the working medium fluid output;
Impeller sets is vertical arranges, and the steam turbine top is the working medium fluid inlet, and the bottom is the working medium fluid output; Help impeller and utilize centrifugal force to be thrown on the steam turbine wall liquid of liquefaction,, make vapour, liquid boundary clear, avoided because of vapour, liquid is uneven that impeller is produced liquid hammer along flowing to the bottom under the guiding gutter on the inner walls.
Impeller diameter reduces from top to bottom step by step; The high pressure stage blade is longer, and the low pressure stage blade is shorter, and whole steam turbine shell is the structure of being inverted normal cone platform shape relaxes the working fluid expansion, and its pressure, flow velocity are slowly reduced, and helps giving full play to the effect of all impeller sets impellers; Say that again high pressure, high velocity air be impulse high voltage level linear leaf at first, the impeller blade that reduces step by step of order impact diameter makes all impeller sets all be in optimum Working then.Help the abundant conversion of the energy that working medium carries, thereby improve the thermal efficiency.
B. in steam turbine, working fluid is worked under the supercritical pressure condition, and import is a high temperature and high pressure gas, and the outlet overwhelming majority is the liquid that is higher than critical pressure, subcritical temperature.Make the heat energy of sensible heat that working medium carries and latent heat of vaporization form nearly all be converted into the mechanical energy of pushing turbine rotation, reduced the load of vapour condenser greatly, therefore, the thermal efficiency is high.
Purpose of the present invention can also reach by following measure:
Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of the present invention is characterized in that the whole steam turbine shell described in a is inverted conical platform shape, and its tapering is the poor of upper and lower two bottom surface circle diameters: frustum cone height is 1: 8-1: between 20.
Effective active length of steam turbine and upper and lower mouthful of diameter are vital technical parameters for its throughput and the thermal efficiency, according to the demand setting of the thermodynamic property of working medium and different heat generating system, the fluid that keeps flowing out tail level impeller sets is in greater than its critical pressure, is lower than its critical temperature working state.
The impeller sets of vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of the present invention is divided into movable vane wheels 4 and decide impeller sets 3, decides impeller and is fixed on the steam turbine shell 1, and movable vane is taken turns and is fixed on the rotor, and the movable vane impeller blade is with to decide impeller blade baffling direction opposite, and shape is identical; Decide impeller sets, the movable vane wheels are arranged along main shaft 2 spaced radials, first order impeller sets is for to decide impeller sets, tail level impeller sets is the movable vane wheels.
Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of the present invention, a preferred scheme, it is planar to it is characterized in that described impeller blade is semi-circle, decides the impeller sets blade and to decide the impeller sets blade shape identical but the baffling direction is opposite; Form movable vane wheels (4) and all vertical the arranging of blade of deciding impeller sets (3), be parallel to main shaft (2) and constitute circular impeller sets.
The high speed operation air-flow enters steam turbine engine by impeller middle spindle, after the nozzle directive is decided the impeller sets blade, immediately by baffling and impact the blade of movable vane wheels; Cause the impeller rotation; Simultaneously, the air-flow behind the impact movable vane wheel is punched into next stage and decides impeller blade by the moving vane baffling, and working air current impacts next stage movable vane wheel once more by baffling.Acting consumes the energy that carries of working medium air-flow to multi-stage impeller in stroke like this, interior can constantly the minimizing, and be liquefied; Constantly externally acting generating of rotation of movable vane wheel simultaneously.
Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of the present invention is characterized in that on the impeller blade and inner walls is provided with guiding gutter.Liquid after being convenient to liquefy in time flows to casing along guiding gutter, flows to the bottom along casing again and discharges, and avoids liquid hammer.
Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of the present invention is specially adapted to the low boiling working fluid steam turbine engine that adopts in the natural energy resources heat generating system, and the working medium of low boiling working fluid steam turbine engine can be carbon dioxide, xenon, ammonia.
A kind of working medium acting temperature that is applicable to is at the vertical efficient steam turbine engine more than 200 ℃, is made of the steam turbine engine of multi-stage, efficient one or both series combination in the vertical type cylinder shape steam turbine engine 11 of vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine 12 of the present invention and impeller sets equal diameters, the vertical steam turbine engine 13 that the impeller sets diameter increases from top to bottom gradually.
The steam turbine engine of above-mentioned multi-stage, efficient rate.The high pressure stage impeller sets diameter of steam turbine increases from top to bottom by group, and medium pressure grade impeller sets diameter is equal to from top to bottom, and low pressure stage impeller sets diameter reduces from top to bottom by group, vertical assembling.The acting process conditions that make High Temperature High Pressure working medium are flexible design according to demand, further be optimized, thereby its thermal efficiency can be higher.
Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of the present invention, it is characterized in that described more than level efficiently steam turbine engine can be the steam turbine engine of same shell, coaxial multi-stage, efficient, same shell, coaxial easy for installation, save investment.
Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of the present invention if its main shaft adopts magnetic bearing, is realized running dry, can improve sealability, reduces maintenance cost.
Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine contrast prior art of the present invention has following remarkable result:
1. vapor (steam) temperature is lower, the thermal efficiency is high; Vapor (steam) temperature is below 500 ℃, and the thermal efficiency is more than 95%;
2. simple in structure, volume is less, easy to maintenance, low cost of manufacture;
3. be specially adapted to natural low-temperature heat source is converted into the heat generating system of electric energy.Be a kind of energy saving, the desirable high efficiency steam turbine engine of protection environment;
4. be combined as multistage steam turbine engine easily and flexibly, of many uses;
5. be fit to build large-scale power generation system, can replace existing steam turbine fully comprehensively.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below:
Fig. 1 is a vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine sectional structure schematic representation;
Fig. 2 is that vertical impeller sets is overlooked the schematic representation of arranging-1;
Fig. 3 is that vertical impeller sets is overlooked the schematic representation of arranging-2;
Fig. 4 is 2 grades of steam turbine engines that the cylindric vertical steam turbine engine 11 of vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine 12 and impeller sets equal diameters constitutes.
Fig. 53 grades of steam turbine engines that to be vertical efficient steam turbine engine of the present invention 12 constitute with the cylindric vertical steam turbine engine 11 of impeller sets equal diameters, vertical steam turbine engine 13 that the impeller sets diameter increases from top to bottom gradually.
Among the figure: the 1-housing; The 2-main shaft; 3-decides impeller sets; 4-movable vane wheels; 5-working medium fluid inlet; 6-working medium fluid output; 7-tail level movable vane wheels; 8-tail level movable vane wheels blade; The 9-chopped-off head is decided impeller sets; The 10-chopped-off head is decided the impeller sets blade; The high efficiency steam turbine engine that the cylindric vertical steam turbine engine 12-of 11-impeller sets diameter of the present invention reduces from top to bottom gradually; The vertical steam turbine engine that 13-impeller sets diameter increases from top to bottom gradually;
The present invention will now be further detailed embodiment:
The low boiling working fluid steam turbine engine of 1 one kinds of vertical high-efficiencies of embodiment
The turbine rotor group is vertical arranges, and its impeller diameter reduces from top to bottom step by step; The high pressure stage blade is longer, and the low pressure stage blade is shorter, and whole steam turbine shell 1 is is inverted normal cone platform shape; The steam turbine top is a working medium fluid inlet 5, and the bottom is a working medium fluid output 6.Low boiling working fluid adopts carbon dioxide.In steam turbine, working fluid is worked under the supercritical pressure condition, and import is a high temperature and high pressure gas, and exporting big portion is the liquid that is higher than critical pressure, subcritical temperature.
The impeller sets of low boiling working fluid steam turbine engine is divided into movable vane wheels 4 and decide impeller sets 3, decides impeller and is fixed on the steam turbine shell 1, and movable vane is taken turns and is fixed on the rotor, and the movable vane impeller blade is with to decide impeller blade baffling direction opposite, and shape is identical.Decide impeller sets and movable vane wheels and arrange along main shaft 2 spaced radials, first order impeller sets is for to decide impeller sets, and tail level impeller sets is the movable vane wheels.It is planar that impeller blade is circular arc, and deciding the impeller sets front side of vane is convex globoidal, and the working surface of movable vane wheels blade is a concave arc surface.Reach housing 1 inwall on the blade and be provided with guiding gutter.Main shaft adopts magnetic bearing.The thermal efficiency＞95%.
2 one kinds of vertical high-efficiency vapor wheel of embodiment motor
According to embodiment 1 steam turbine engine, working medium is 300-500 ℃ water vapour.Vertical steam turbine engine 13 series combination that the vertical type cylinder shape steam turbine engine 11 of steam turbine engine efficiently 12 of the present invention and impeller sets equal diameters and impeller sets diameter increase from top to bottom gradually constitute 3 grades of steam turbine engines efficiently.The thermal efficiency＞95%
3 one kinds of vertical efficient vapor wheel of embodiment motor
According to embodiment 1 steam turbine engine, working medium is 50-200 ℃ water vapour.Steam turbine engine efficiently 9 of the present invention constitutes 2 grades of steam turbine engines efficiently with vertical type cylinder shape steam turbine engine 7 series combination of impeller sets equal diameters.The thermal efficiency＞95%
4. 1 kinds of vertical efficient vapor wheel of embodiment motor
According to embodiment 1 steam turbine engine, working medium is 200-300 ℃ water vapour.Steam turbine engine efficiently 9 of the present invention constitutes 2 grades of steam turbine engines efficiently with vertical steam turbine engine 8 series combination that the impeller sets diameter increases from top to bottom gradually.The thermal efficiency＞95%.
Embodiment's 5 vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engines of the present invention, a preferred scheme
It is planar to it is characterized in that described impeller blade is semi-circle, decides the impeller sets blade and to decide the impeller sets blade shape identical but the baffling direction is opposite; Form movable vane wheels 4 and all vertical the arranging of blade of deciding impeller sets 3, be parallel to main shaft 2 and constitute circular impeller sets; The first stage impeller group is for to decide impeller sets, and tail level impeller sets is the movable vane wheels, and the two arranges the centre in succession at interval.
The high speed operation air-flow enters steam turbine engine by impeller middle spindle, after the nozzle directive is decided the impeller sets blade, immediately by baffling and impact the blade of movable vane wheels; Cause the impeller rotation; Simultaneously, the air-flow behind the impact movable vane wheel is punched into next stage and decides impeller blade by the moving vane baffling, and working air current impacts next stage movable vane wheel once more by baffling.Acting consumes the energy that carries of working medium air-flow to multi-stage impeller in stroke like this, interior can constantly the minimizing, and be liquefied; Constantly externally acting generating of rotation of movable vane wheel simultaneously.The thermal efficiency＞＞98%.
Claims (10)
1. a vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine comprises housing, main shaft, impeller and airflow guiding device; It is characterized in that:
A. impeller sets is vertical arranges, and its impeller diameter reduces from top to bottom step by step; The high pressure stage blade is longer, and the low pressure stage blade is shorter, and whole steam turbine shell is is inverted normal cone platform shape; The steam turbine top is the working medium fluid inlet, and the bottom is the working medium fluid output;
B. in steam turbine, working fluid is worked under the supercritical pressure condition, and import is a high temperature and high pressure gas, and the outlet overwhelming majority is the liquid that is higher than critical pressure, subcritical temperature.
2. according to the vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that the whole steam turbine shell described in a is inversion normal cone platform shape, its tapering is the poor of upper and lower two bottom surface circle diameters: frustum cone height is 1: 8-1: between 20.
3. according to the vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that described impeller sets is divided into movable vane wheels (4) and decides impeller sets (3), deciding impeller is fixed on the steam turbine shell (1), the movable vane wheel is fixed on the rotor, the movable vane impeller blade is with to decide impeller blade baffling direction opposite, and shape is identical.
4. according to the vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that described deciding impeller sets, the movable vane wheels are arranged along main shaft (2) spaced radial, first order impeller sets is for to decide impeller sets, and tail level impeller sets is the movable vane wheels.
5. according to the vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of claim 1, it is planar to it is characterized in that described impeller blade is semi-circle, decides the impeller sets blade and to decide the impeller sets blade shape identical but the baffling direction is opposite; Form movable vane wheels (4) and all vertical the arranging of blade of deciding impeller sets (3), be parallel to main shaft (2) and constitute circular impeller sets.
6. according to the vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with vertical guiding gutter with inner walls on the described blade.
7. according to the vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that it being a kind of low boiling working fluid steam turbine engine.
8. according to the vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that described low boiling working fluid is carbon dioxide, xenon, ammonia.
9. according to the vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of claim 1, one or both series combination in the vertical steam turbine engine (13) that it is characterized in that increasing gradually from top to bottom with the vertical type cylinder shape steam turbine engine (11) of impeller sets equal diameters, impeller sets diameter constitute the steam turbine engine of multi-stage, efficient.
10. according to the vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine of claim 1, it is characterized in that described more than level efficiently steam turbine engine can be with the multistage steam turbine engine of the coaxial vertical high-efficiency of shell.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101445384A CN101328813A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2008-07-22 | Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine |
| CN200910134376A CN101526015A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2009-04-10 | Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101445384A CN101328813A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2008-07-22 | Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101328813A true CN101328813A (en) | 2008-12-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNA2008101445384A Pending CN101328813A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2008-07-22 | Vertical high-efficiency turbine wheel engine |
| CN200910134376A Pending CN101526015A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2009-04-10 | Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN200910134376A Pending CN101526015A (en) | 2008-07-22 | 2009-04-10 | Recuperative high efficiency turbine engine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109306874A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2019-02-05 | 唐山三友集团兴达化纤有限公司 | A kind of small differential pressure small-power steamer asynchronous generating device of vertical low-pressure steam |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108518249B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2023-12-12 | 匡亚剑 | Vertical arrangement type steam turbine generator |
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2008
- 2008-07-22 CN CNA2008101445384A patent/CN101328813A/en active Pending
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2009
- 2009-04-10 CN CN200910134376A patent/CN101526015A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109306874A (en) * | 2018-07-10 | 2019-02-05 | 唐山三友集团兴达化纤有限公司 | A kind of small differential pressure small-power steamer asynchronous generating device of vertical low-pressure steam |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101526015A (en) | 2009-09-09 |
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