CN101524078B - 一种戊唑醇与异菌脲复配的杀菌组合物 - Google Patents
一种戊唑醇与异菌脲复配的杀菌组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101524078B CN101524078B CN2009100209158A CN200910020915A CN101524078B CN 101524078 B CN101524078 B CN 101524078B CN 2009100209158 A CN2009100209158 A CN 2009100209158A CN 200910020915 A CN200910020915 A CN 200910020915A CN 101524078 B CN101524078 B CN 101524078B
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种杀菌剂组合物，该组合物是有效成分由戊唑醇和异菌脲组成的悬浮剂。其中有效活性成分戊唑醇与异菌脲的重量百分比为1～60∶1～60。本发明用于防治谷物和果树上的常见病害，对于水稻纹枯病、香蕉叶斑病、苹果斑点落叶病的防治和治疗效果尤为突出，其效果明显高于其单剂使用。该杀菌剂能产生较高的协同增效作用，克服和延缓了病害抗药性，扩大了防治谱，减少了用药量及用药次数，降低了成本，减轻了毒性。
Description
技术领域：
本发明属于农药技术领域，涉及一种含戊唑醇与异菌脲的复配杀菌剂，用于谷物和果树上病害的防治。
技术背景：
戊唑醇，属三唑类杀菌剂，是一种具有保护和治疗作用的内吸性杀菌剂，为表角甾醇生物合成抑制剂，能迅速被植物有生长力的部分吸收并主要向顶部转移。不仅具有杀菌活性，还可促进作物生长，使之根系发达、叶色浓绿、植株健壮、有效分蘖增加，从而提高产量。戊唑醇对作物具有内吸性强、药效高、安全、持效期长，是未来杀菌剂领域中的发展方向。可用于防治禾谷类作物锈病、白粉病、网斑病、根腐病及麦类赤霉病等，防治腥黑粉菌属和黑粉菌属引起的病害，还可防治花生褐斑病和轮斑病、葡萄灰霉病和白粉病以及香蕉叶斑病。
异菌脲是由拜耳作物科学公司开发的二羧酰亚胺类杀菌剂。异菌脲抑制蛋白激酶，控制许多细胞功能的细胞内信号，包括碳水化合物结合进入真菌细胞组分的干扰作用。因此，它既可抑制真菌孢子萌发及产生，也可抑制菌丝生长。即对病原菌生活史中的个体发育阶段均有影响。可通过根部吸收起治疗作用。异菌脲杀菌谱广，可以防治对苯并咪唑类内吸杀菌剂有抗性的真菌。主要防治对象为葡萄孢属、丛梗孢属、青霉属、核盘菌属、链格孢属、长蠕孢属、丝核菌属、茎点霉属、球腔菌属、尾孢属等引起的多种作物、果树和果实贮藏期病害，如葡萄灰霉病、核果类果树上的菌核病、苹果斑点落叶病、梨黑斑病、番茄早疫病、草莓、蔬菜的灰霉病等均具有很好的防治作用。
在农业生产的实际过程中，防治病害最容易产生的问题是病菌抗药性的产生。农业上重要的病害如白粉病、黑星病、叶斑病等由于其传播速度快，寄主范围广，在瓜类作物生长后期经常发生，特别容易产生抗性。在一些病害发生严重的地方，常见的杀菌剂如百菌清、甲基硫菌灵、福美双等单独使用已经没有什么效果了。三唑酮等由于大面积的应用，也已经引起了很严重的抗性，并容易产生药害。目前，采用复配的杀菌组合物能够明显提高防治和治疗效果，降低了农药的使用量，降低了成本，成为综合防治各种病害的重要手段。
目前尚未见戊唑醇和异菌脲复配产品的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是公开一种含有戊唑醇和异菌脲的杀菌组合物，该组合物用于防治抗性水稻纹枯病、香蕉叶斑病、苹果斑点落叶病具有明显的协同增效作用。
为了达到以上的目的，通过以下技术方案实现：
本发明涉及一种含有戊唑醇与异菌脲复配的组合物。该组合物有效活性成分戊唑醇与异菌脲的重量百分比为1～60∶1～60。
所述的杀菌组合物加入助剂及赋型剂按照本领域技术人员均知的生产工艺制成可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、悬浮剂、水乳剂、微乳剂。
本发明组合物包括如下组分量成分：戊唑醇1％～60％、异菌脲1％～60％、助剂5％～50％、填料或水余量。
所述的助剂包括：湿润剂、分散剂、崩解剂、乳化剂、溶剂、抗冻剂、增稠剂、消泡剂。
本发明所述的组合物制成可湿性粉剂时包括如下组分量成分：戊唑醇1％～60％、异菌脲1％～60％、润湿剂2％～5％、分散剂3～8％、填料余量。
将上述配方料混合，在搅拌釜中均匀搅拌，经气流粉碎机后再混合均匀，即可制成可湿性粉剂。
本发明组合物制成水分散粒剂时包括如下组分量成分：戊唑醇1％～60％、异菌脲1％～60％、润湿剂1％～5％、分散剂3％～12％、崩解剂1％～4％、填料余量。
将配方料混合均匀，用超微气流粉碎机粉碎，经捏合，然后加入流化床造粒干燥机中进行造粒、干燥、筛分后经取样分析，制成水分散粒剂。
本发明组合物制成悬浮剂时包括如下组分量成分：戊唑醇1％～60％、异菌脲1％～60％、乳化剂1％～10％、分散剂3％～10％、防冻剂1％～5％、增稠剂0.1％～1％、消泡剂0.1％～0.5％、水余量。
将上述配方料中除过有效成分外的其余组分，经过高速剪切混合均匀，加入有效成分，在球磨机中球磨2～3小时，使粒径全部在5μm以下，制得悬浮剂。
本发明组合物制成水乳剂时包括如下组分量成分：戊唑醇1％～40％、异菌脲1％～40％、溶剂5％～30％、乳化剂2％～10％、防冻剂1％～5％、增稠剂0.1％～2％、消泡剂0.1％～0.5％、水余量。
将上述配方料混合，将有效成分、溶剂、乳化剂、共乳化剂加在一起，使溶解成均匀油相；将水、抗冻剂、增稠剂、消泡剂混合在一起成均一水相。在高速搅拌下，将水相加入油相，可制得水乳剂。
本发明组合物制成微乳剂时包括如下组分量成分：戊唑醇1％～40％、异菌脲1％～40％、溶剂1％～25％、乳化剂10％～19.5％、防冻剂1％～5％、消泡剂0.01％～0.5％、水余量。
微乳剂的配制方法：是将乳化剂和水混合制成水相，然后将原药在搅拌下加入水相，制成透明的O/W型微乳剂。
上述的溶剂选自N，N-二甲基甲酰胺、环己酮、甲苯、二甲苯、二甲基亚砜、甲醇、乙醇、三甲基环己烯酮、N-辛基吡咯烷酮、N-吡咯烷酮、丁醇、乙二醇、二乙二醇、乙二醇甲醚、丁醚、乙酸乙酯、植物油、乙腈一种或多种。
上述的乳化剂选自农乳500#(烷基苯磺酸钙)、OP系列磷酸酯(壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯)、600#磷酸酯(苯基酚聚氧乙基醚磷酸酯)、苯乙烯聚氧乙烯醚硫酸铵盐、烷基联苯醚二磺酸镁盐、三乙醇胺盐、农乳400#(苄基二甲基酚聚氧乙基醚)、农乳600#(苯基酚聚氧乙基醚)、农乳700#(烷基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙基醚)、宁乳36#(苯乙基酚甲醛树脂聚氧乙基醚)、农乳1600#(苯乙基酚聚氧乙基聚丙烯基醚)、环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷嵌段共聚物、OP系列(壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚)、By系列(蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚)、农乳33#(烷基芳基聚氧丙烯聚氧乙烯醚)、农乳34#(烷基芳基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚)、司盘系列(山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯)、吐温系列(失水山梨醇脂肪酸酯聚氧乙烯醚)、AEO系列(肪醇醇聚氧乙烯醚)中的一种或多种。
上述的分散剂选自聚羧酸盐、木质素磺酸盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚甲醛缩合物硫酸盐、烷基苯磺酸钙盐、萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪胺聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯、甘油脂肪酸酯聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或多种。
上述的湿润剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸、拉开粉BX、润湿渗透剂F、皂角粉、蚕沙、无患子粉中的一种或多种。
所述的崩解剂选自膨润土、尿素、硫酸铵、氯化铝、柠檬酸、丁二酸、碳酸氢钠中的一种或多种。
上述的抗冻剂选自乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、尿素中的一种或多种。
上述的增稠剂选自黄原胶、羟甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、硅酸铝镁、聚乙烯醇中的一种或多种。
上述的消泡剂选自硅油、硅酮类化合物、C10-20饱和脂肪酸类化合物、C8-10脂肪醇类化合物中的一种或多种。
上述的填料选自高岭土、硅藻土、膨润土、凹凸棒土、白炭黑、淀粉、轻质碳酸钙中的一种或多种。
本发明戊唑醇与异菌脲的杀菌组合物用于谷物和果树上病害的防治。主要用于防治水稻纹枯病、香蕉叶斑病、苹果斑点落叶病。
本发明杀菌组合物的优点：(1)两种杀菌剂的组合使用，扩大了杀菌谱；(2)降低了有机溶剂使用量，对靶标作物、人畜、环境安全；(3)降低施药量、减少施用次数，便于使用、降低使用成本，具有高效、速效、持效期长的优点；(4)生产方法简单，贮运安全，水基制剂型对环境影响小。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步的说明，但本发明并不局限于此。
实例1：70％戊唑醇·异菌脲可湿性粉剂
戊唑醇30g，异菌脲40g，聚羧酸盐5g，亚甲基双苯磺酸钠3g，十二烷基苯磺酸钠5g，白炭黑10g，高岭土余量，置于搅拌机中搅拌，经气流粉碎到500目即可制成70％戊唑醇·异菌脲可湿性粉剂。
实例2：60％戊唑醇·异菌脲水分散粒剂
25g戊唑醇，35g异菌脲，木质素磺酸钠4g，十二烷基硫酸钠8g，硫酸铵3g，淀粉2g，高岭土余量，将配方料混合均匀，用超微气流粉碎机粉碎，经捏合，然后加入流化床造粒干燥机中进行造粒、干燥、筛分后经取样分析，可制成50％戊唑醇·异菌脲水分散粒剂。
实例3：50％戊唑醇·异菌脲悬浮剂
20g戊唑醇，30g异菌脲，羧甲基纤维素3g，丙三醇4g，有机硅酮0.1g，黄原胶0.1g，硅酸镁铝0.8g，白炭黑1g，水余量。将上述配方料中除过有效成分外的其余组分，经过高速剪切混合均匀，加入有效成分，在球磨机中球磨2～3小时，使粒径全部在5μm以下，制得50％戊唑醇·异菌脲悬浮剂
实例4：40％戊唑醇·异菌脲水乳剂
戊唑醇15g，异菌脲25g，N-甲基吡咯烷酮20g，烷基苯磺酸钙5g，苯基酚聚氧乙基醚磷酸酯5g，乙二醇2g，硅酸镁铝0.8g，黄原胶0.1g，有机硅消泡剂0.1g，水余量，可制得40％戊唑醇·异菌脲水乳剂。
实例5：30％戊唑醇·异菌脲微乳剂
10g戊唑醇，20g异菌脲，N，N二甲基甲酰胺5g，植物油15g，壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚10g，三乙醇胺5g，乙二醇3g，0.1g有机硅消泡剂，水余量，制得30％戊唑醇·异菌脲微乳剂。
实施应用例一
戊唑醇·异菌脲对香蕉叶斑病室内毒力测定
表1戊唑醇·异菌脲对香蕉叶斑病毒力测定
由表1可知，本发明戊唑醇与异菌脲复配的杀菌组合物对香蕉叶斑病具有较高的增效作用，戊唑醇与异菌脲配比为2∶2、2∶3、2∶4时增效作用明显，其中当戊唑醇∶异菌脲＝2∶3时增效作用最为突出，其他配比均表现为加和作用。
实施应用例二戊唑醇·异菌脲防治苹果斑点落叶病
本发明试验于7月21日按每亩用药制剂量兑水60公斤进行均匀喷雾，共施药3次，每次施药间隔7天，第3次施药后，调查结果如表2：
表2戊唑醇·异菌脲防治苹果斑点落叶病田间药效试验
从表2看出，本发明组合物对苹果斑点落叶病的防治效果均显著，比明显高于对照药剂，对果树安全，田间没有发现不良反应，对苹果黑斑病、褐斑病、白粉病、黑星病均有一定防效。
综上所述，戊唑醇与异菌脲复配的杀菌组合物，具有一药多治、对作物安全、对环境污染小、速效性好、持效期长的优点，与单剂相比，扩大了杀菌谱，降低了用药次数，节省了成本.所以本发明的研发与推广具有十分重要的意义。
Claims (4)
1.一种含有戊唑醇与异菌脲复配的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：有效成分戊唑醇与异菌脲的重量比为1∶1～1∶2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：组合物制成可湿性粉剂、水分散粒剂、悬浮剂、水乳剂、微乳剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的杀菌组合物，其特征在于：组合物包括如下组分含量成分：戊唑醇1～60％、异菌脲1～60％、助剂5～50％、填料或水余量。
4.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌组合物用于防治水稻纹枯病、香蕉叶斑病、苹果斑点落叶病的应用。
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| CN1153454A (zh) * | 1994-07-22 | 1997-07-02 | 罗纳-普朗克农业化学公司 | 含有2-咪唑啉-5-酮的杀真菌组合物 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9364001B2 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2016-06-14 | Adama Makhteshim Ltd. | Quaternary fungicidal mixture |
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