CN101520296B - Three-coordinate measuring method for circumferential uniformly-distributed hole true position error - Google Patents
Three-coordinate measuring method for circumferential uniformly-distributed hole true position error Download PDFInfo
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- CN101520296B CN101520296B CN2008101876883A CN200810187688A CN101520296B CN 101520296 B CN101520296 B CN 101520296B CN 2008101876883 A CN2008101876883 A CN 2008101876883A CN 200810187688 A CN200810187688 A CN 200810187688A CN 101520296 B CN101520296 B CN 101520296B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-coordinate measuring method for circumferential uniformly-distributed hole true position error, which comprises the following steps: (1) determining a theoretical coordinate in the center of a circle of a measured hole by calculation; (2) taking the theoretical coordinate in the center of the circle of the measured hole as a target point, and measuring the actual coordinate of the center of the circle of the measured hole; (3) calculating the circumferential relative error and the radial error of the center of the circle of the measured hole; and (4) calculatingthe true position error according to the circumferential relative error and the radial error or the circumferential absolute error and the radial error, finding out the maximum true position error, a nd judging whether the maximum true position error exceeds the set error. The three-coordinate measuring method can ensure that a three-coordinate measuring machine realizes automatic measurement and automatic calculation, can accurately measure the benchmark of a given initial datum hole and the benchmark of a non-given initial datum hole, has high universality and simple calculation, and avoids the occurrence that the error caused by the measurement and the calculation makes qualified products in the actual assembly detected as unqualified products so as to bring huge loss to manufactures.
Description
One, technical field:
The invention belongs to field of measuring technique, relate to a kind of three-coordinate measuring method that is positioned at the uniformly-distributed hole true position error on the same circumference.
Two, background technology:
Detecting the uniformly-distributed hole true position error that is positioned on the same circumference on the three coordinate measuring machine, so that determine whether this product is specification product, it is a bigger difficult problem, for satisfying the detection requirement of uniform hole in process, need to determine that one is enclosed within method and the program that detects uniformly-distributed hole true position error on the three coordinate measuring machine.We know that the position degree is the ultimate range of the physical location of indication, line or face to its theoretical position, and theoretical position is that drawing is given, and it is a relative datum.And the positional tolerance zone of point is that diameter is tolerance value φ t, and is the circle at center with the theoretical position.Position error calculates: with A is the theoretical center of circle, A, and " point is the actual center of circle of measured hole, and AA ' is the tolerance range of theoretical center of circle A for the circle of radius.When recording the actual center of circle A of measured hole " radial error of point is that AB and circumferential error are A " B, its position error is:
The position error that calculates has so just been stipulated the position in original bench mark hole at drawing, promptly with respect to just being suitable under the situation of given coordinate axis.The aforementioned calculation method that adopts in present method of using and the program, this method and program can not be ordered about three coordinate measuring machine and be measured automatically, can only manually adopt the actual coordinate in the point measurement measured hole center of circle, center of circle theoretical coordinate with each hole is a benchmark calculating location degree error respectively then, the center of circle theoretical value in each hole all will be imported successively during calculating, also will re-enter during duplicate measurements, and hole count is inconvenient, the measurements and calculations process is all very loaded down with trivial details, and efficient is low.And the position degree in the time of can't realizing measuring automatically with the not given original bench mark of automatic calculating hole site.Can only artificially determine the original bench mark hole, carry out measurements and calculations again.Owing to do the original bench mark hole with the hole of diverse location in the uniform hole, its result of calculation differs bigger, does not meet the detection requirement of stipulating on the drawing.So, often be mistake, and make specification product in practical set, and be detected as substandard product owing to measurements and calculations, handle according to substandard product, brought massive losses to producer.Therefore, how to find one can make three coordinate measuring machine realize automatic the measurement and automatic calculating, and can both accurately measure given original bench mark hole benchmark and not given original bench mark hole benchmark, versatility height, the simple method of calculating are very urgent.
Three, summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to solve now with the problems referred to above that exist in the technology, provide a kind of three coordinate measuring machine that can make to realize measuring automatically and calculating automatically, and can both accurately measure the three-coordinate measuring method of versatility height, the simple circumferential uniformly-distributed hole true position error of calculating to given original bench mark hole benchmark and not given original bench mark hole benchmark.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of three-coordinate measuring method of circumferential uniformly-distributed hole true position error is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
(1) by calculating the center of circle theoretical coordinate of determining measured hole
If the theoretical center of circle of measured hole A distribution circle diameter is D, tested aperture is d, fathom for Z, tested hole count be that N, initial angle are that β and calibration are when being δ, the sequence of positions that measured hole is demarcated number is M, M is 0,1,2 ... N-1, the then theoretical coordinate of the theoretical center of circle A of measured hole:
x
0＝1/2D×COS(β+Mδ)，y
0＝1/2D×SIN(β+Mδ)；
The theoretical center of circle A distribution circle diameter D of measured hole, tested aperture d, the Z that fathoms, tested hole count N, initial angle β and calibration δ are definite value;
(2) theoretical coordinate with the measured hole center of circle is an impact point, the cycle index when controlling gaging hole by tested hole count N, and the tested aperture d and the Z control that fathoms are carried out measuring point to the measured hole surface, measure the actual coordinate in the measured hole center of circle;
(3) the circumferential relative error and the radial error in the center of circle of calculating measured hole
What the A point was the theoretical center of circle, A " point for the actual center of circle, Δ α is actual polar angle α " with theoretical polar angle α is poor, and OA is theoretical utmost point footpath, OA " be the actual utmost point directly, then
Circumferential relative error A " B=OA " SIN (Δ α)
Radial error AB=OB-OA=OA " COS (Δ α)-OA
Whether (4) calculating location degree error is found out maximum position degree error, and distinguish overproof
Be divided into following two kinds of situations:
1.1, determine position error according to circumferential relative error and radial error when given starter hole position reference
Find out maximum position degree error delta A ", compare with the theoretical tolerance that provides on the drawing, whether overproofly distinguish;
1.2 ought not given starter hole position reference, select maximum, the minimum value of circumferential relative error, the circumferential absolute error in each hole deducts mean value error K by circumferential relative error and obtains; The K value be each circumferential relative error in hole minimum and maximum value algebra and half, determine position error according to circumferential absolute error and radial error
Find out maximum position degree error delta A ", compare with the theoretical tolerance that provides on the drawing, whether overproofly distinguish.
The present invention at first solves the automatic problems of measurement of position, hole, if by man-machine conversation input hole heart distribution circle diameter, tested aperture, fathom, hole count, initial angle and calibration, program just can calculate every hole circle psychology opinion coordinate, gauge head can be measured the center of circle actual coordinate in each hole after by theoretical location, the center of circle hole being measured.Thereby solved the automatic problems of measurement of position, hole.Owing to do not need to import the center of circle theoretical coordinate in each hole, therefore alleviated labour intensity, also make calling program have versatility.Next is after measuring process finishes, automatically calculate the circumferential relative error and the radial error in each hole, when requiring to measure the position error of not given starter hole position reference, automatically calculate the circumferential absolute error in each hole again, the position error of given starter hole position reference is calculated by circumferential relative error and radial error, the position error of not given starter hole position reference is calculated by circumferential absolute error and radial error, so just realized according to the two kind situations of drawing requirement given datum hole benchmark and not given datum hole benchmark, take the computing method of different position errors to calculate, result of calculation is accurate, calculates simple.
Owing to be to order about three coordinate measuring machine by program to carry out automatic measurements and calculations, so measurement result is repeated little, the efficiency of measurement height.It is particularly evident when tested hole count is more.No matter tested hole count how much, as long as measured hole distribution circle diameter is no more than the measurement range of three coordinate measuring machine, an all available measuring method is measured.Therefore the versatility of this measuring method is fine.
In a word, the present invention has given full play to three coordinate measuring machine characteristics fast and accurately, has improved production efficiency.The versatility of program is both can measure the central coordinate of circle in the uniform hole that is positioned at any hole count on the same circumference, again can according to drawing require to given datum hole and not two kinds of situations of given datum hole calculate and export result of calculation respectively.Avoided because the mistake of measurements and calculations makes the product qualified in practical set be detected as underproof product, and the massive losses that brings to producer.Solved comprehensively on the three coordinate measuring machine to being positioned at the problems of measurement of the uniformly-distributed hole true position on the same circumference.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of calculating location degree error of the present invention;
The synoptic diagram of Fig. 2 circumferential relative error and radial error for the present invention calculates;
Fig. 3 is for realizing the computer program process flow diagram of the inventive method.
Five, embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described:
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, the three-coordinate measuring method of the uniformly-distributed hole true position error of same circumference of the present invention, adopt programming to realize, this program is stored in the central computer of three coordinate measuring machine, and the operational process of three coordinate measuring machine is to carry out according to the step of the inventive method:
(1) by calculating the center of circle theoretical coordinate of determining measured hole
With known parameters given in the drawing, the central computer of the theoretical center of circle A distribution circle diameter D of measured hole, tested aperture d, the Z that fathoms, tested hole count N, initial angle β and calibration δ input three coordinate measuring machine, shown in square frame among Fig. 31, calculate the center of circle theoretical coordinate of measured hole according to following formula, shown in square frame among Fig. 32
x
0=1/2D * COS (β+M δ), y
0=1/2D * SIN (β+M δ), M is 0,1,2 ... N-1.
(2) center of circle theoretical coordinate with measured hole is an impact point, the cycle index when controlling gaging hole by tested hole count N, and the tested aperture d and the Z control that fathoms are carried out measuring point to the measured hole surface, measure the actual coordinate in the measured hole center of circle, shown in square frame among Fig. 33.
(3) the circumferential relative error and the radial error in the center of circle of calculating measured hole are shown in square frame among Fig. 34.
What as shown in Figure 2, setting A point be the theoretical center of circle, A " point is the actual center of circle, and Δ α is actual polar angle α " with theoretical polar angle α is poor, and OA is theoretical utmost point footpath, OA " be the actual utmost point directly, then according to following formula calculating:
Circumferential relative error A " B=OA " SIN (Δ α)
Radial error AB=OB-OA=OA " COS (Δ α)-OA
Whether (4) calculating location degree error is found out maximum position degree error, and distinguish overproof.Be divided into following two kinds of situations and judge, shown in square frame among Fig. 35:
Be divided into following two kinds of situations:
1.1, determine position error according to circumferential relative error and radial error when given starter hole position reference
As shown in Figure 1, find out maximum position degree error delta A ", compare with the theoretical tolerance φ t that provides on the drawing, whether overproofly distinguish; Shown in square frame among Fig. 36,8.
1.2 ought not given starter hole position reference, select maximum, the minimum value of circumferential relative error, the circumferential absolute error in each hole deducts mean value error K by circumferential relative error and obtains; The K value be each circumferential relative error in hole minimum and maximum value algebra and half, determine position error according to circumferential absolute error and radial error
Find out maximum position degree error delta A ", compare with the theoretical tolerance φ t that provides on the drawing, whether overproofly distinguish.Shown in square frame among Fig. 37,8.
Below be that a hole count is 24 drill jig, Tolerance of Degree of position φ t is 0.05, requirement evenly is equally spaced to center reference, measured hole center of circle distribution circle diameter be φ 450, tested aperture be φ 25, fathom be 10, hole count is 24, initial angle is 0 and calibration when being 15 °, the result of calculation after it is measured is listed as follows table.By following measurement result as can be seen, after the measurement of arbitrary hole centering, the relative position degree error that directly calculates is 0.060mm to the maximum, and overproof 0.010mm is a underproof drill jig.And the absolute position degree error of utilizing this measuring method to calculate after the coordinate adjustment is 0.045mm to the maximum, and in margin tolerance, this drill jig is qualified.Both meet the detection requirement of drawing regulation, also satisfied the requirement of interchangeability in the practical set process.When this has just proved absolutely on three coordinate measuring machine the uniformly-distributed hole true position that detects given axial benchmark not, necessity and importance in the process of measurement that the notion and the computing method of circumferential absolute error are applied to hole location.
Claims (1)
1. the three-coordinate measuring method of a circumferential uniformly-distributed hole true position error, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
(1) by calculating the center of circle theoretical coordinate of determining measured hole
If the theoretical center of circle of measured hole A distribution circle diameter is D, tested aperture is d, fathom for Z, tested hole count be that N, initial angle are that β and calibration are when being δ, the sequence of positions that measured hole is demarcated number is M, M is 0,1,2 ... N-1, the then theoretical coordinate of the theoretical center of circle A of measured hole:
x
0＝1/2D×COS(β+Mδ)，y
0＝1/2D×SIN(β+Mδ)；
The theoretical center of circle A distribution circle diameter D of measured hole, tested aperture d, the Z that fathoms, tested hole count N, initial angle β and calibration δ are definite value;
(2) theoretical coordinate with the measured hole center of circle is an impact point, the cycle index when controlling gaging hole by tested hole count N, and the tested aperture d and the Z control that fathoms are carried out measuring point to the measured hole surface, measure the actual coordinate in the measured hole center of circle;
(3) the circumferential relative error and the radial error in the center of circle of calculating measured hole
What the A point was the theoretical center of circle, A " point for the actual center of circle, Δ α is actual polar angle α " with theoretical polar angle α is poor, and OA is theoretical utmost point footpath, OA " be the actual utmost point directly, then
Circumferential relative error A " B=OA " SIN (Δ α)
Radial error AB=OB-OA=OA " COS (Δ α)-OA
Whether (4) calculating location degree error is found out maximum position degree error, and distinguish overproof
Be divided into following two kinds of situations:
1.1, determine position error according to circumferential relative error and radial error when given starter hole position reference
Find out maximum position degree error delta A ", compare with the theoretical tolerance that provides on the drawing, whether overproofly distinguish;
1.2 ought not given starter hole position reference, select maximum, the minimum value of circumferential relative error, the circumferential absolute error in each hole deducts mean value error K by circumferential relative error and obtains; The K value be each circumferential relative error in hole minimum and maximum value algebra and half, determine position error according to circumferential absolute error and radial error
Find out maximum position degree error delta A ", compare with the theoretical tolerance that provides on the drawing, whether overproofly distinguish.
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