CN108168479B - Circumferential distribution pore group position degree assessment method based on coordinate transform and array sort - Google Patents

Circumferential distribution pore group position degree assessment method based on coordinate transform and array sort Download PDF

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CN108168479B
CN108168479B CN201810016125.1A CN201810016125A CN108168479B CN 108168479 B CN108168479 B CN 108168479B CN 201810016125 A CN201810016125 A CN 201810016125A CN 108168479 B CN108168479 B CN 108168479B
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hole
group
heart
circle
measured
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CN108168479A (en
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李兵
李洋
孙彬
侯颖
陈磊
魏翔
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of circumferential distribution pore group position degree assessment method based on coordinate transform and array sort, a hole is as tangential benchmark optionally on the rotary type part to be measured with circumferential distribution pore group, obtain the location information of part circumferential distribution pore, and establish coordinate system, according to tolerance, the desired tolerance circle in each hole is found out;Found out under coordinate system the hole heart in hole away from and each hole heart line angle;Circle is drawn with the hole heart line in first hole, equal part is carried out to intersecting arcs, group postrotational multiple groups position in hole is determined with each Along ent;Find out the position error in the hole in multiple groups location hole group;Bubble sort is carried out, the accurate location degree error amount of hole in piece part group is obtained, the position degree of the rotary type part to be measured with circumferential distribution pore group is accurately assessed.Measurement range of the present invention is wide, and testing cost is low, and measurement efficiency is high, and processing mode is simple, without the direction for judging that each hole tangentially deviates, can obtain the accurate location degree error in each hole.

Description

Circumferential distribution pore group position degree assessment method based on coordinate transform and array sort
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of quality detection of the rotary part with circumferential distribution pore group, and in particular to one Circumferential distribution pore group position degree assessment method of the kind based on coordinate transform and array sort.
Background technique
In Mechanical Processing Industry, slewing parts are a kind of critically important parts, are widely used in automobile, aviation, ship Circumference uniform distribution hole system is often distributed on this kind of part in the industries such as oceangoing ship and industrial robot, as shown in Figure 1, (a) indicates band in figure There is circumferential distribution pore group part schematic diagram, (b) indicates (c) to indicate part tolerance band using the sectional view of part after rotation cutting Schematic diagram, to guarantee the assembly relation between part, hole group generally requires the very accurate of processing.
Important component of the industrial robot as high-end intelligent manufacturing equipment, automatization level is high, and application places are wide, It is the important support technology of advanced manufacturing industry.RV retarder and harmonic speed reducer be apply it is main on industrial robot joint Two class retarders.RV retarder compared with harmonic speed reducer have biggish fatigue strength, rigidity and service life, stable drive, thus its It is widely used in industrial robot transmission system.RV retarder is by gear shaft, planetary gear, Cycloidal Wheel, pinwheel, crank axle, needle tooth The composition such as shell and planet carrier.Planet carrier and Cycloidal Wheel are as its important part (hereinafter referred to as part), and machining accuracy is to complete machine Assembling quality, rotating accuracy and service life have direct influence.The position degree precision of the circle distribution axis hole hole group of part, Load distribution, transmission capacity, fretting wear and the noise objective of retarder are directly affected, and then influences domestic robot industry Develop, therefore must assure that the position of position degree precision and hole system relative to machining benchmark in hole system group between each hole in processing Degree of setting precision.
The measurement and evaluation of domestic device to hole group position degree at present mainly have dedicated gauge and measurement of coordinates two ways.Pass through Dedicated gauge carries out the judgement of workpiece qualification, simple and easy to operate, but can only to evaluate workpiece qualified or not for the method, cannot Measure the exact value of position error.And three coordinate measuring machine is measurement of coordinates Typical Representative, can be accurately measured multiple The location coordinate information of miscellaneous structure and hole group, but it is longer to measure beat, it is at high cost, it is suitble to being inspected by random samples under the line of part, and There are strict requirements to measurement environment, is unable to satisfy the on-line measurement to production line.In recent years, for certain part special measurement The research of instrument has obtained significant progress, and this special purpose measuring instrument generally uses software kit to realize data processing, for Algorithm evaluation in terms of position degree is complex.
In actually detected, if selecting different holes as tangential positioning datum, the tangential deviation of same holes is general Difference, this causes the final measurement error of workpiece larger, easily causes erroneous judgement.Traditional assessment method is directed to different design requirements, It is coordinately transformed by being translated or being rotated under polar coordinates or rectangular coordinate system, assesses circumferential apertures group position degree, In It needs to find the extreme point of rotation during evaluation and judges direction of rotation, the tangential mistake of direction of rotation and rotation angle and each hole Difference is related, and due to the randomness of work pieces process, each each hole of workpiece is uncertain in tangential offset direction, the judgement of direction of rotation The concrete condition for workpiece is needed, processing mode is complicated and changeable, is not easy to grasp.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing a kind of based on coordinate Transformation and the circumferential distribution pore group position degree assessment method of array sort, are applied to dedicated location degree measuring instrument, realize to having The position degree of the rotary part of circumferential distribution pore group accurately assesses.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Circumferential distribution pore group position degree assessment method based on coordinate transform and array sort, comprising the following steps:
S1, optionally there is a hole on the rotary type part to be measured of circumferential distribution pore group to obtain zero as tangential benchmark The location information in m hole of part circle distribution, and coordinate system is established, according to tolerance, find out the desired tolerance circle in each hole;
S2, found out under the coordinate system that step S1 is established the hole heart in m hole away from and each hole heart line angle;
S3, circle is drawn with the hole heart line in first hole, intersected with its ideal position degree tolerance circle, n etc. is carried out to intersecting arcs Point, hole group postrotational n group position is determined with each Along ent;
S4, translation rotating coordinate transformation is carried out to step S3, under new coordinate system, finds out the m in n group location hole group The position error in a hole;
S5, bubble sort is carried out to step S4 result, the accurate location degree error amount of hole in piece part group is obtained, to circumference The position degree of the rotary type of distribution hole group part to be measured is accurately assessed.
Specifically, being detection benchmark with part outer circle to be measured, using first hole on part to be measured as tangentially in step S1 Theoretical hole heart position and circle center line connecting are set as x-axis, establish cartesian coordinate system, find out the hole in m hole in a coordinate system by benchmark Heart ideal position m (Xm', Ym'), it is that m Tolerance of Degree of position is made in the center of circle by radius, perfect apertures heart position of its Tolerance of Degree of position Circle, the angle of theoretical hole heart line from each other is 360/m °, carries out data acquisition and obtains part circumferential distribution pore group to be measured Location information, and construct the actual measurement center location m (X in m holem, Ym) and the outer circle center of circle Measured Coordinates (X0, Y0)。
Specifically, according to the Measured Coordinates information of each hole center of circle in a coordinate system, being calculated actual measurement m in step S2 The hole heart in hole is away from LmIt is as follows:
Wherein, m (Xm, Ym) be m hole actual measurement center location, the Measured Coordinates in the outer circle center of circle are (X0, Y0)。
Further, m=3, according to the hole heart in 3 holes of actual measurement away from L1、L2、L3The hole heart line in 3 holes of actual measurement is calculated Angle α12And α13It is as follows:
Specifically, in step S3, when each hole actual apertures heart away from and 2 times away from its difference absolute value of the theoretical hole heart be less than to be measured zero When the Tolerance of Degree of position value that part circumferential apertures require, with the hole heart in first hole on part to be measured away from circular arc is made for radius, with its position The circle intersection of degree of setting tolerance, takes n Along ent in the intersecting arcs in tolerance circle, the position of each point is followed successively by I counterclockwise1、 I2、...、In
Specifically, the hole heart line for determining m hole of angle is translated in a coordinate system first, makes outer circle in step S4 The center of circle is overlapped with coordinate origin, then it is rotated around coordinate origin, rotates the hole heart line in first hole first to I1Position As initial position, under new coordinate system, the perfect apertures heart m (X in m holem', Ym') position is constant, obtain the hole heart in first hole The angle theta of line and x-axis is then rotation angle with Δ θ from initial position, it is successively rotated to I2、......、InPosition It sets, the hole group of n kind different location can be obtained, the hole heart in m hole of circle distribution is respectively obtained according to the hole group of n kind different location Coordinate m (Xm", Ym"), by comparing with perfect apertures heart position coordinates, the position degree for calculating m hole of part circumference uniform distribution to be measured is missed Poor fm
Further, angle delta θ is rotated are as follows:
Wherein: the angle theta of the hole heart line and x-axis in first hole are as follows:
Wherein: L1For first hole actual apertures heart away from the design hole heart that, l is circumferential distribution pore away from.
Further, m=3, the 1 (X of hole heart coordinate in 3 holes of circle distribution1", Y1″)、2(X2", Y2″)、3(X3", Y3″) It calculates as follows:
Wherein, α12And α13For the hole heart line angle for surveying 3 holes, L1、L2、L3For three holes the actual apertures heart away from l is The design hole heart of circumferential distribution pore away from.
Further, m=3, the position error f in 3 circumference uniform distribution holes of part to be measured1、f2、f3Are as follows:
Specifically, finding out the n group position that part circumference uniform distribution to be measured hole is in different rotary position by step S4 in step S5 Degree of setting error is respectively ranked up the position degree in m hole in every group, and the maximum value extracted out in every group of data forms an array W, element W1、W2、...、Wn, it is corresponding with n group position degree, then the numerical value in array W is ranked up, finds out numerical value most Small element Wi, corresponding i-th group of position degree is final required circumference uniform distribution hole relative to the part outer circle to be measured center of circle Position error fm
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that
The present invention is based on the circumferential distribution pore group position degree assessment method of coordinate transform and array sort, setting based on part Benchmark is counted as detection benchmark, by the desired tolerance in each hole of its circle distribution it is round with the actual apertures heart away from intersecting arcs equal part, Determine the rotary course of hole group, the original position-information obtained to measuring device is handled.In part circle distribution to be measured Hole in the uncertain situation in tangential offset direction, regardless of selecting which hole as tangential benchmark, in multiple groups spin data After being ranked up comparison, the accurate position error in each hole can be obtained.
It further, is that detection baseline configuration goes out each hole actual measurement center location and the outer circle center of circle with part benchmark outer circle to be measured Measured Coordinates, avoid the error as caused by Reference misalignment, for subsequent coordinates transformation lay the foundation.
Further, according to Measured Coordinates information obtain the hole heart away from and hole heart line angle, can the through hole heart away from whether surpassing It goes on a public errand and requires directly whether judge part qualified, and determine the position of hole group rotation transformation.
Further, translation rotating coordinate transformation finds out the position error in hole, without carrying out rotation angle and direction is sentenced It is disconnected, translation rotation transformation is carried out in this way finds out n group hole group position error, it is convenient accurate, base is established to find optimal solution Plinth.
Further, using bubble sort, after obtaining n group hole group position error, array is carried out by ranking method Sequence, can conveniently find makes group each hole true position error worst error value in hole be optimized to the smallest position, can find out The optimal solution of hole group position degree.
In conclusion assessment method measurement range of the present invention is wide, testing cost is low, and measurement efficiency is high, and processing mode is simple, It need not judge the direction that each hole tangentially deviates, the accurate location degree error in each hole can be obtained.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is part circumferential distribution pore group Tolerance of Degree of position schematic diagram, wherein (a) is with circumferential distribution pore group part Schematic diagram is (b) using the sectional view of part after rotation cutting, (c) is hole in piece part group positional tolerance zone schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is assessment method flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is part circumferential distribution pore theory tolerance circle and eyeball distribution schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is intersecting arcs equal part of the present invention and hole in piece part I1Rotation position schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that part circumferential distribution pore group position degree of the present invention evaluates schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 2, the present invention provides a kind of circumferential distribution pore group position degree based on coordinate transform and array sort Assessment method, comprising the following steps:
S1, optionally there is a hole on the rotary type part to be measured of circumferential distribution pore group to utilize measurement as tangential benchmark Device carries out data acquisition, obtains the location information in m hole of part circle distribution, and establishes coordinate system, according to the tolerance of design It is required that finding out the desired tolerance circle in m hole;
S2, found out under the coordinate system that step S1 is established the hole heart in m hole away from and each hole heart line angle;
S3, circle is drawn with the hole heart line in first hole, intersected with its ideal position degree tolerance circle, n etc. is carried out to intersecting arcs Point, hole group postrotational n group position is determined with each Along ent;
S4, translation rotating coordinate transformation is carried out to step S3, under new coordinate system, finds out the m in n group location hole group The position error in a hole;
S5, bubble sort is carried out to result in step S4, obtains the accurate location degree error amount of hole in piece part group, justified to having The position degree of the rotary type part to be measured of all distribution hole groups is accurately assessed.
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being described and shown in usually here in attached drawing is real The component for applying example can be arranged and be designed by a variety of different configurations.Therefore, below to the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings The detailed description of embodiment be not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but be merely representative of of the invention selected Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without creative efforts The every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described so that RV retarder 320E planet carrier is with Cycloidal Wheel as an example, it is specific to walk It is rapid as follows:
S1, using planet carrier outer circle as detection benchmark, using first hole as tangential benchmark, by its theoretical hole heart position with Circle center line connecting is set as x-axis, establishes cartesian coordinate system, finds out the 1 (X of ideal position of three Kong Kongxin in a coordinate system1', Y1′)、2 (X2', Y2') and 3 (X3', Y3'), it is that three position degree public affairs are made in the center of circle using its Tolerance of Degree of position as radius, perfect apertures heart position Difference circle carries out data acquisition using measuring device, obtains as shown in figure 3, the angle of theoretical hole heart line from each other is 120 degree The location information of planet carrier circumferential distribution pore group is taken, and constructs the 1 (X of actual measurement center location in three holes1, Y1)、2(X2, Y2)、3 (X3, Y3) and the outer circle center of circle Measured Coordinates (X0, Y0), L in figure1、L2、L3It is real to respectively indicate hole 1, hole 2, hole 3 and part outer circle The distance in the center of circle is surveyed, i.e., the hole heart is away from α12Indicate L1With L2Angle, α13Indicate L1With L3Angle;
S2, the Measured Coordinates information according to each hole center of circle in a coordinate system, the angle α of the realistic hole heart line for surveying three holes12 And α13With the hole heart away from L1、L2And L3
The hole heart in three hole of part is surveyed away from L1、L2And L3:
Survey the angle α of hole heart line12And α13, it is obtained by geometrical relationship:
Seek L1、L2And L3The Δ L of difference with the perfect apertures heart away from L1、ΔL2With Δ L3If 2 | Δ L1|、2|ΔL2| and 2 | Δ L3| middle any value is greater than the Tolerance of Degree of position value that planet carrier circumferential apertures require, then how no matter the geometry picture frame of part rotate, Position error is unqualified;
S3, when each hole actual apertures heart away from and the theoretical hole heart away from its difference absolute value 2 times (2 | Δ L1|、2|ΔL2| and 2 | Δ L3 |) when being less than the Tolerance of Degree of position value that planet carrier circumferential apertures require, it is public with its position degree with the hole heart in 1 hole away from making circular arc for radius Difference circle intersection, n Along ent is taken in the intersecting arcs in tolerance circle, and (for 320E planet carrier and Cycloidal Wheel, when n=11, be can be obtained Accurate position error value), the position of each point is followed successively by I counterclockwise1、I2、...、I11, as shown in Figure 4;
S4, planet frame aperture group is subjected to translation rotation processing, forms new coordinate system, as shown in Figure 5: will determine press from both sides first The hole heart line in three holes at angle translates in a coordinate system, is overlapped the outer circle center of circle with coordinate origin, then by it around coordinate origin Rotation, rotates the hole heart line in first hole first to I1As initial position, three solid line lines represent at this time three for position The position in a hole, and dotted line represents measurement initial data and is formed by home position, under new coordinate system, the perfect apertures heart in three holes Position is constant, i.e. 1 (X1', Y1′)、2(X2', Y2') and 3 (X3', Y3'), then the folder of the hole heart line and x-axis in first hole at this time Angle θ are as follows:
In formula: L1For first hole actual apertures heart away from the design hole heart that, l is circumferential distribution pore away from;
It is then rotation angle with Δ θ from initial position, it is successively rotated to I2、......、I11Position can be obtained 11 The hole group of kind different location, rotates angle delta θ are as follows:
In formula: n=1,2 ..., 11, be hole group rotation position number;
Geometrical relationship according to Fig.5, when can calculate separately in this 11 groups of positions, the hole heart in three holes of circle distribution 1 (X of coordinate1", Y1″)、2(X2", Y2″)、3(X3", Y3"):
The actual apertures heart and perfect apertures are formed centrally the physical location degree circle of uncertainty, i.e., three circles shown in Fig. 4 for each hole reality The circle of uncertainty, respective diameter value are its Tolerance of Degree of position, then can calculate planet carrier circle by comparing with perfect apertures heart position coordinates The position error of all cloth holes, position error calculation formula are as follows:
S5,11 groups of position errors that planet carrier circumference uniform distribution hole is in different rotary position are found out by step S4, respectively The position degree in three holes in every group is ranked up, extracts maximum value the composition one array W, element W in every group of data out1、 W2、...、 W11, it is corresponding with 11 groups of position degrees, then the numerical value in array W is ranked up, finds out the smallest element of numerical value Wi, corresponding i-th group of position degree is that final required circumference uniform distribution hole is missed relative to the position degree in the planet carrier outer circle center of circle Poor f1、f2、 f3
Assessment method of the present invention by taking planet carrier and Cycloidal Wheel of the joint of robot with RV retarder model 320E as an example, with This algorithm is applied after measuring the data of circle distribution axis hole as detection benchmark in its design basis --- Excircle machining face, without Judge the direction that each hole tangentially deviates, the accurate location degree error in each hole can be obtained.
The above content is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all to press According to technical idea proposed by the present invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within claims of the present invention Protection scope within.

Claims (7)

1. the circumferential distribution pore group position degree assessment method based on coordinate transform and array sort, which is characterized in that including following Step:
S1, optionally there is a hole on the rotary type part to be measured of circumferential distribution pore group to obtain part circle as tangential benchmark The location information in m hole of week distribution, and coordinate system is established, according to tolerance, find out the Tolerance of Degree of position in each hole of part to be measured Circle;
S2, step S1 establish coordinate system under find out part to be measured m hole the hole heart away from and each hole heart line angle; According to the Measured Coordinates information of each Kong Kongxin in a coordinate system, the hole heart in m hole of actual measurement is calculated away from LmIt is as follows:
Wherein, m (Xm,Ym) be m hole actual measurement center location, the Measured Coordinates in the outer circle center of circle are (X0,Y0), m=3, according to reality The hole heart in 3 holes is surveyed away from L1、L2、L3The hole heart line angle α in 3 holes of actual measurement is calculated12And α13It is as follows:
S3, circle is drawn with the hole heart line in first hole, intersects with the Tolerance of Degree of position of hole in piece part group to be measured circle, intersecting arcs is carried out N equal part determines hole group postrotational n group position with each Along ent, when each hole actual apertures heart away from and the theoretical hole heart it is absolute away from its difference Value 2 times be less than part circumferential apertures to be measured require Tolerance of Degree of position value when, with the hole heart in first hole on part to be measured away from for Radius makees circular arc, intersects with its Tolerance of Degree of position circle, takes n Along ent, the inverse position of each point in the intersecting arcs in tolerance circle Hour hands are followed successively by I1、I2、…、In
S4, translation rotating coordinate transformation is carried out to step S3, under new coordinate system, finds out the m hole in n group location hole group Position error;
S5, bubble sort is carried out to step S4 result, the accurate location degree error amount of hole in piece part group is obtained, to circle distribution The position degree of the rotary type of hole group part to be measured is accurately assessed.
2. a kind of circumferential distribution pore group position degree evaluation side based on coordinate transform and array sort according to claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that be detection benchmark with part outer circle to be measured, using first hole on part to be measured as tangentially in step S1 Theoretical hole heart position and circle center line connecting are set as x-axis, establish cartesian coordinate system, find out the hole in m hole in a coordinate system by benchmark Heart ideal position m (Xm',Ym'), it is that m Tolerance of Degree of position is made in the center of circle by radius, perfect apertures heart position of its Tolerance of Degree of position Circle, the angle of theoretical hole heart line from each other is 360/m °, carries out data acquisition and obtains part circumferential distribution pore group to be measured Location information, and construct the actual measurement center location m (X in m holem,Ym) and the outer circle center of circle Measured Coordinates (X0,Y0)。
3. a kind of circumferential distribution pore group position degree evaluation side based on coordinate transform and array sort according to claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that in step S4, the hole heart line for determining m hole of angle is translated in a coordinate system first, is made outer round The heart is overlapped with coordinate origin, then it is rotated around coordinate origin, rotates the hole heart line in first hole first to I1Make position For initial position, under new coordinate system, the perfect apertures heart m (X in m holem',Ym') position is constant, obtain the Kong Xinlian in first hole The angle theta of line and x-axis is then rotation angle with Δ θ from initial position, it is successively rotated to I2、……、InPosition can obtain To the hole group of n kind different location, the hole heart coordinate m in m hole of circle distribution is respectively obtained according to the hole group of n kind different location (Xm”,Ym"), by comparing with perfect apertures heart position coordinates, calculate the position error f in m hole of part circumference uniform distribution to be measuredm
4. a kind of circumferential distribution pore group position degree evaluation side based on coordinate transform and array sort according to claim 3 Method, which is characterized in that rotation angle delta θ are as follows:
Wherein: the angle theta of the hole heart line and x-axis in first hole are as follows:
Wherein: L1For first hole actual apertures heart away from the design hole heart that, l is circumferential distribution pore away from.
5. a kind of circumferential distribution pore group position degree evaluation side based on coordinate transform and array sort according to claim 3 Method, which is characterized in that m=3, the 1 (X of hole heart coordinate in 3 holes of circle distribution1”,Y1”)、2(X2”,Y2”)、3(X3”,Y3") meter It calculates as follows:
Wherein, α12And α13For the hole heart line angle for surveying 3 holes, L1、L2、L3For three holes the actual apertures heart away from l is circumference The design hole heart of distribution hole away from.
6. a kind of circumferential distribution pore group position degree evaluation side based on coordinate transform and array sort according to claim 3 Method, which is characterized in that m=3, the position error f in 3 circumference uniform distribution holes of part to be measured1、f2、f3Are as follows:
7. a kind of circumferential distribution pore group position degree evaluation side based on coordinate transform and array sort according to claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that in step S5, the n group position that part circumference uniform distribution to be measured hole is in different rotary position is found out by step S4 Degree of setting error is respectively ranked up the position degree in m hole in every group, and the maximum value extracted out in every group of data forms an array W, element W1、W2、…、Wn, it is corresponding with n group position degree, then the numerical value in array W is ranked up, finds out numerical value minimum Element Wi, corresponding i-th group of position degree is final required circumference uniform distribution hole relative to the part outer circle to be measured center of circle Position error fm
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