CN111552232A - Single machine calculation-free automatic alignment processing method - Google Patents
Single machine calculation-free automatic alignment processing method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/402—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for positioning, e.g. centring a tool relative to a hole in the workpiece, additional detection means to correct position
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining, and particularly relates to a single-machine calculation-free automatic alignment machining method. The self-made measuring head point collecting program is used, and a calculation formula is designed according to different processing requirements. And point location acquisition and automatic calculation of coordinate system offset angle point location are realized. The method solves the technical problems that in the existing production preparation process, manual point location alignment calculation offset is easy to have error and is low in efficiency. The numerical control machining center directly inputs the parameters into the specific area of the equipment operation system after the alignment of the measuring head, so that the required parameters are automatically generated, programs are automatically read, manual intervention is not needed, the error rate is reduced, the time is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining, and particularly relates to a single-machine calculation-free automatic alignment machining method.
Background
For an aviation case product, a plurality of special-shaped parts need to calculate the coordinate and angle offset of the actual coordinate system and the theoretical coordinate system of the workpiece through the central point position of the hole system. In the traditional method, a lever dial indicator is used for point position alignment, theoretical coordinates and actual coordinates are input through CAM software, and finally coordinate offset angles and offset are calculated. The calculated and output result also needs to teach parameters of the machine tool manually, the input and output are manual operations, errors are prone to occurring, and the whole process is complicated. There is a need for a program with point location automatic acquisition and calculation functions, which automatically performs point location alignment calculation and input, so that production preparation is automated, and production efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single machine calculation-free point automatic alignment processing method, which adopts a self-made measuring head point collecting program and a calculation formula designed according to different processing requirements. And point location acquisition and automatic calculation of coordinate system offset angle point location are realized.
The method solves the technical problems that in the existing production preparation process, manual point location alignment calculation offset is easy to have error and is low in efficiency.
Technical scheme
Single machine calculation-free automatic alignment processing method
The method comprises the following steps:
1) point location acquisition is carried out on the machine tool by using a point location acquisition tool, and the point location acquisition tool is input into specified parameters;
step one, using a point position acquisition device to acquire point positions
And step two, inputting the parameters specified by the machine tool for subsequent calling.
2) And calculating a rotation angle calculation subprogram by using one central point position and the other angular point position to calculate the workpiece. When the method is applied to programming, a point A at the center point is used as a zero point, and a point B at another point in a coordinate system is used as an auxiliary reference, and the angle of a straight line formed by the point B relative to a theoretical coordinate system is alpha. When the workpiece A 'B' is placed on the machine tool, the included angle formed by the straight line formed by the workpiece A 'B' and the actual machine tool coordinate system is beta. And calculating the relative rotation angle mu between the theoretical coordinate system and the actual coordinate system through the angle difference. The coordinates of point a (point a X, point a Y) and point B (point B X, point B Y) are known. The coordinates of point A '(point A' X, point A 'Y) and point B' (point B 'X, point B' Y) are obtained from the drawing.
And automatically calculating the angle deviation mu between the actual coordinate system and the drawing coordinate system where the drawing theory AB hole is located.
Content of calculation formula
Angle alpha is the angle between the actual point and the horizontal equal to ATAN2 (point B Y-A Y, point B X-A X)
Angle beta is the theoretical point and the horizontal included angle is equal to ATAN2(B 'point Y value-A' point Y, B 'point X-A' point X)
The rotation angle mu of the coordinate system is equal to the angle beta-angle alpha
Simultaneously, the length difference between theory and reality is calculated, and a variable output calculation angle is set
The theoretical length AB line length is equal to SQRT (the value of point B Y-the square of point A Y + (the square of point B X-the square of point A X))
The actual length A 'B' line length is equal to SQRT (square of (B 'point Y value-A' point Y) + (B 'point X-A' point X))
The general system comprises the following steps:
step one, adding macro program instruction capable of parameter transmission
Step two, adding theoretical coordinate values through variables
Step three gives zero-offset code to be referred to
After running the program, the angle will output the fixed position to be called in the main program
The angle output R2 is the rotation angle, and the rotation can be performed by using ROT in the program
3) Automatically bringing the calculated rotation angle and the center offset point position into corresponding parameters of the machine tool through system variables; and then, the subsequent processing program can be processed at the correct position, and automatic point calculation and alignment are realized.
And 1) programming a point location measuring program by using a high-speed jump instruction in a FANUC system (a measuring instruction in a SIEMENS system) in the first step.
And 1) in the step two, the measured point positions are transmitted to the parameters of the appointed machine tool by using a parameter transmission function, so that the subsequent calculation subprogram can be called conveniently.
Performing sub-programming on the dot position calculation formula in the step 2) according to the system
2) in the first step, the subprogram is instructed through the parameter transmission function of the numerical control system
The general system operation mode in 1) is used by taking a Siemens system as an example, and comprises the following steps:
Extern L910(REAL,REAL,REAL)
l910 (measuring diameter, speed, input offset zero)
Two point measurements are made, for example, the first point a input G54 and the second point input G55 is measured at 50 a velocity of 100.
The step one, the step two and the step three general system operation mode in the step 2) takes a Siemens system as an example and is used as follows:
pre-machining-program addition calculation instruction
Subroutine parameter call is guided in main program of EXTERN L8103(REAL, REAL, REAL)
P _ UIFR [3, X, TR ] ═ the theoretical centre point coordinate value X
P _ UIFR [3, Y, TR ] ═ the theoretical center point coordinate value Y
P _ UIFR [4, X, TR ] ═ theoretical angular point coordinate value X
P _ UIFR [4, Y, TR ] ═ theoretical angular point coordinate value Y
L8103(3,4,1,2)
The angle output R2 is the rotation angle, and the rotation can be performed by using ROT in the program
The result of the sub-program calculation is automatically input into the machine tool system by using numerical control system variables in the step 3)
The calculation of the angle in the 2) step one calculation procedure uses ATAN2(Y, X). This is a function of siemens and FANUC identification to calculate the point location angle with respect to the horizontal.
And 2) calculating the length of the theoretical length AB line in the program in the step one, and if the calculated result of the length of the actual length A 'B' line is greatly different, the inputted point position has error
Technical effects
The numerical control machining center directly inputs the parameters into the specific area of the equipment operation system after the alignment of the measuring head, so that the required parameters are automatically generated, programs are automatically read, manual intervention is not needed, the error rate is reduced, the time is saved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a formula diagram of the method for automatically aligning;
FIG. 2 is a view showing the constitution of the automatic alignment method;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the automatic Zhao square method.
Detailed Description
Firstly, the measuring head is moved to the approximate middle position of the hole to be aligned
Calling self-made probe program in MDI
Siemens System:
Extern L910(REAL,REAL,REAL)
l910 (measuring diameter, speed, input offset zero)
Two points are then measured, for example, a first point A input G54 a second point input G55 is measured at 50 a speed of 100
Then the two measurement procedures are
L910(50,100,1)
L910(50,100,2)
The self-made subprogram executed in the background is as follows:
PROC L910(REAL CRD, REAL JGF, REAL LDG) SAVE defines subroutine parameters
R2 ═ CRD; value assignment of celling banking to variable
R3 ═ JGF; sudu assigns values to variables
R4 ═ LDG; lingdian assigns values to variables
R2 ═ R2/2 assignment to variables
R60 ═ AA _ IM [ X ] extracts current coordinates using system variables
Extracting current coordinates using system variables from R61 ═ AA _ IM [ Y ]
R62 ═ AA _ IM [ Z ] uses system variables to extract current coordinates
SPOS ═ 0 spindle orientation
MEAS-1 SUPA G1X-R60 + R2F-R3 point location measurement using MEAS functionality
STOPRE recording
G91 incremental mode
SUPA G1X ═ 1.5F100 backoff
MEAS-1 SUPA G1X-2F-100 Point location re-measurement Using MEAS function
STOPRE recording
Extracting one-way point position value from R10 $ AA _ MM1[ X ]
G90 SUPA G1X R60F R3 move to a central position
STOPRE
G4 F1
SPOS 180 degree spindle rotation
G4F 1 pause
MEAS 1SUPA G1X R60R 2F R3 point location measurement using MEAS functionality
STOPRE is followed as above
G91
G1 SUPA X＝1.5 F100
MEAS＝1 SUPA G1 X＝-2 F100
STOPRE
L900
R20＝$AA_MM1[X]
After the two-point measurement in the R11 ═ R20+ R10/2X direction is finished, the midpoint is calculated
G4 F1
The Y direction was measured as above after G90 SUPA G1X R11Y R61F R3
G4 F1
SPOS＝0
G4 F1
MEAS＝1 SUPA G1 Y＝R61+R2 F＝R3
STOPRE
G91
SUPA G1 Y＝-1.5 F100
MEAS＝1 SUPA G1 Y＝2 F100
STOPRE
L900
R30＝$AA_MM1[Y]
G90 SUPA G1 Y＝R61 F＝R3
STOPRE
G4 F1
SPOS＝180
G4 F1
G90
MEAS＝1 SUPA G1 Y＝R61-R2 F＝R3
STOPRE
G91 G1 SUPA Y＝1.5 F100
MEAS＝1 SUPA G1 Y＝-2 F100
STOPRE
L900
R40＝$AA_MM1[Y]
Calculating the Y-direction center position by using R12 ═ R30+ R40/2
G90 SUPA G1X R11Y R12F R3 moves to a central position
Assigning a zero offset X position to be assigned by an operator in machine tool parameters according to P _ UIFR [ R5, X, TR ] ═ R11
Assigning a zero offset Y position to be assigned by an operator in machine tool parameters according to P _ UIFR [ R5, Y, TR ] ═ R12
M17
Adding calculation instruction before post-processing program
Subroutine parameter call is guided in main program of EXTERN L8103(REAL, REAL, REAL)
P _ UIFR [3, X, TR ] ═ the theoretical centre point coordinate value X
P _ UIFR [3, Y, TR ] ═ the theoretical center point coordinate value Y
P _ UIFR [4, X, TR ] ═ theoretical angular point coordinate value X
P _ UIFR [4, Y, TR ] ═ theoretical angular point coordinate value Y
L8103(3,4,1,2) assigns transmission parameters of 1, G542, G55 to previous positions of data collected by measuring head, and the guiding subprogram extracts
M0
T...
G54
The ROT command rotation angle of the coordinate system of ROT Z-R2 is a fixed variable R2 output by the subprogram
..
M30
The self-made subprogram executed in the background is as follows:
PROC L8103(REAL L _3, REAL L _4, REAL L _1, REAL L _2) SAVE subroutine definition and SAVE
Def REAL _ R2, _ R3, _ R4, _ R5, _ R6, _ R7, _ R8, _ R9, _ R10, _ R1 define the variables used in the subroutine
Def REAL _ R12, _ R13, _ R14, _ R15, _ R16, _ R17, _ R18, _ R19, _ R11 define the variables used in the subroutine
(ii) a SAN ZHOU SUANDIAN JIAOXIANG uses custom program variables to effectively avoid variable conflicts in main programs
P-UIFR L3, X, TR < R2 > extracts the desired data from the zero offset
P UIFR L3, Y, TR < R3 > extracts the desired data from the zero offset
P-UIFR L-4, X, TR < R4 > extracts the desired data from the zero offset
P-UIFR L-4, Y, TR < R5 > extracts the desired data from the zero offset
Extracting desired data from zero offset with _R6 ═ P _ UIFR [ L _1, X, TR ]
P-UIFR L-1, Y, TR < R7 > extracts the desired data from the zero offset
Extract the desired data from the zero offset, _ R8 ═ P _ UIFR [ L _2, X, TR ]
Extract the desired data from the zero offset, _ R9 ═ P _ UIFR [ L _2, Y, TR ]
ATAN2 in the numerical control system for calculating the angle by using R10 (ATAN 2 (R5-R3 and R4-R2) directly calculates the angle value
ATAN2 in the numerical control system for calculating the angle by using R11 (ATAN 2 (R9-R7 and R8-R6) directly calculates the angle value
R13-SQRT ((_ R5-R3) (_ R5-R3) + (_ R4-R2) (_ R4-R2)) calculates the theoretical distance between two points
R14 SQRT ((_ R9- _ R7) (_ R9- _ R7) + (_ R8- _ R6) (_ R8- _ R6)) calculates the actual distance between the two points
R12 ═ R11 —, R10 yields the angle of rotation
IF_R12<180GOTOF N200
_R12＝_R12-360
N200 IF_R12>-180GOTOF N300
_R12＝360+_R12
Outputting a relatively small angle, e.g., -15 ° and 345 °, as an actual rotation angle according to operator's habit, where the output is determined to be-15 ° and is relatively small in number
N300_ R1 ═ R14 output actual length
The R3-R13-R14 output length difference is used for an operator to judge whether the reference is in accordance with the machining condition normally
R2 ═ R12 output angle value
M17 subprogram ending jump back to main program
If the calculated theoretical length and actual length difference R3 is very large, there is a possibility that an error may occur in the point location input. Or the workpiece has a quality problem before machining.
Claims (10)
1. The single machine calculation-free point automatic alignment processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps:
1) point location acquisition is carried out on the machine tool by using a point location acquisition tool, and the point location acquisition tool is input into specified parameters;
firstly, acquiring point positions by using a point position acquisition device;
inputting the parameters specified by the machine tool for subsequent calling;
2) calculating a rotation angle calculation subroutine by using one central point position and the other angular point position, and calculating the workpiece; when the method is applied to programming, a point A at a central point is changed into a zero point, and a point B at another point in a coordinate system is used as an auxiliary reference, and the angle of a straight line formed by the point B relative to a theoretical coordinate system is alpha; when the workpiece A 'B' is placed on a machine tool, the included angle formed by a straight line formed by the workpiece A 'B' and an actual machine tool coordinate system is beta; calculating a relative rotation angle mu between the theoretical coordinate system and the actual coordinate system through the angle difference; knowing coordinates of point A (point A X, point A Y) and coordinates of point B (point B X, point B Y); obtaining the coordinates of the point A '(point A' X and point A 'Y) and the point B' (point B 'X and point B' Y) from a drawing;
automatically calculating the angle deviation mu between the actual coordinate system and the drawing coordinate system of the drawing theory A B hole;
content of calculation formula
The angle alpha is the angle between the actual point and the horizontal and is equal to ATAN2(Y value of point B-point A Y, X value of point B-point A-point X);
the angle beta is the theoretical point and the horizontal included angle is equal to ATAN2 (the Y value of the B 'point is-A' point Y, and the B 'point is X-A' point X);
the rotation angle mu of the coordinate system is equal to the angle beta-angle alpha;
meanwhile, the length difference between theory and reality is calculated, and a variable output calculation angle is set;
the theoretical length AB line length is equal to SQRT ((B point Y value-A point Y) square + (B point X-A point X) square);
the actual length A 'B' line length is equal to SQRT ((B 'point Y value-A' point Y) squared + (B 'point X-A' point X) squared);
the general system comprises the following steps:
step one, adding macro program instruction capable of parameter transmission
Step two, adding theoretical coordinate values through variables
Step three gives zero-offset code to be referred to
After the program is operated, the angle outputs a fixed position so as to be called in the main program;
the angle output R2 is the rotation angle, and the rotation can be carried out by using ROT in the program;
3) automatically bringing the calculated rotation angle and the center offset point position into corresponding parameters of the machine tool through system variables; and then, the subsequent processing program can be processed at the correct position, and automatic point calculation and alignment are realized.
2. The stand-alone computation-free point automatic alignment processing method according to claim 1, wherein:
and 1) programming a point location measurement program by using a high-speed jump instruction in a FANUC system in the step one.
3. The stand-alone computation-free point automatic alignment processing method according to claim 1, wherein: and 1) in the step two, the measured point positions are transmitted to the parameters of the appointed machine tool by using a parameter transmission function, so that the subsequent calculation subprogram can be called conveniently.
4. The stand-alone computation-free point automatic alignment processing method according to claim 1, wherein: and 2) performing sub-programming on the dot position calculation formula in the step one according to the system.
5. The stand-alone computation-free point automatic alignment processing method according to claim 1, wherein: and 2) in the first step, the subprogram is instructed through a parameter transmission function of the numerical control system.
6. The stand-alone computation-free point automatic alignment processing method according to claim 1, wherein: the general system operation mode in 1) is used by taking a Siemens system as an example, and comprises the following steps:
Extern L910(REAL,REAL,REAL)
l910 (measuring diameter, speed, input offset zero)
Two point measurements are made, for example, the first point a input G54 and the second point input G55 is measured at 50 a velocity of 100.
7. The stand-alone computation-free point automatic alignment processing method according to claim 1, wherein: the general system operation mode in 2) is used by taking a Siemens system as an example, and comprises the following steps:
pre-machining-program addition calculation instruction
Subroutine parameter call is guided in main program of EXTERN L8103(REAL, REAL, REAL)
P _ UIFR [3, X, TR ] ═ the theoretical centre point coordinate value X
P _ UIFR [3, Y, TR ] ═ the theoretical center point coordinate value Y
P _ UIFR [4, X, TR ] ═ theoretical angular point coordinate value X
P _ UIFR [4, Y, TR ] ═ theoretical angular point coordinate value Y
L8103(3,4,1,2)
The angle output R2 is the rotation angle that can be rotated using the ROT during the procedure.
8. The stand-alone computation-free point automatic alignment processing method according to claim 1, wherein: and 3) automatically inputting the result of the calculation of the subprogram into a machine tool system by using numerical control system variables.
9. The stand-alone computation-free point automatic alignment processing method according to claim 1, wherein: the calculation of the angle in the calculation program in the step one of 2) uses ATAN2(Y, X).
10. The stand-alone computation-free point automatic alignment processing method according to claim 1, wherein: and 2) calculating the length of the theoretical length AB line in the program in the step one, wherein if the difference of the calculation results of the length of the actual length A 'B' line is large, the inputted point position has errors.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN114918738A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-19 | 常州宝菱重工机械有限公司 | Method for aligning straightness of reference surface of workpiece by using horizontal machining center |
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| 刘利剑等: "测量宏程序编制方法的研究" * |
| 鲁淑叶: "数控测头测量功能宏程序的研究" * |
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| CN114918738A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-19 | 常州宝菱重工机械有限公司 | Method for aligning straightness of reference surface of workpiece by using horizontal machining center |
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Application publication date: 20200818 |