CN101510686A - Micro electric network coordination control system based on multi-proxy technology - Google Patents
Micro electric network coordination control system based on multi-proxy technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micro-grid coordination control system based on multi-agent technology, pertaining to the information technology field, wherein an element agent module independently controls the operation of bottom elements in the micro-grid, realizing direct control on a distributive power source, power generation, power-reserving elements and some loads; a micro-grid agent module operates in accordance with the internal dispatching of the micro-gird and manages the agents; task division and shared resource allocation among agents are solved by communication and coordination between the micro-grid agent module and an upper grid agent module, and the upper grid agent module takes charge of the coordination and dispatching in the electric market and among agents and makes the important decisions by integrating information of the micro-grid agents. A certain amount of data communication among the agent modules are kept for better ensuring rationality for decisions made by each agent. The structure and the communication method fit the complex and flexible characteristics of micro-grid distribution. The coordination control system can promote the safe and steady operation of the micro-grid as well as the generating efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of system of areas of information technology, specifically, what relate to is a kind of micro electric network coordination control system based on multi-agent technology.
Background technology
Little electrical network is a kind of system that is made up of jointly load and micro power, and it can provide electric energy and heat energy simultaneously; Its inner power supply mainly is responsible for the conversion of energy by power electronic device, and essential control is provided; It shows as single controlled cell with respect to the big electrical network in outside, and can satisfy the requirement of user to the quality of power supply and power supply safety etc. simultaneously.It has comprised following principal character: 1) comprise photovoltaic, wind power generation distributed power supply.2) be equipped with EMS,, solved problems such as trend, protection by control to a large amount of power electronic device.3) both require can with big grid network operation, with major network disconnection isolated operation, to control effectively to various distributed power sources simultaneously in the time of can or needing at electric network fault again.Owing to its distributed nature, the control data of magnanimity and flexible and changeable control mode, allow be difficult to realize flexible, efficient scheduling by the unified centralized control mode of judging, dispatching in control centre in the past.Therefore, by control being distributed to each little electric network element, will address these problems effectively according to the distributed coordination control mode that the scheduling of little electrical network changes running status voluntarily by each element.Under this trend, with distributed be controlled to be the basis system---multi-agent system is suggested.Multi-agent system has good independence and enlightenment, its objective is big complication system is divided into system little, that communicate by letter and coordinate, be easy to manage each other.Its advantage is: 1) can be under interference-free situation control element operation and can carry out reasoning and planning voluntarily by the situation of knowledge system and external environment, solve all kinds of problems in self field; 2) the solution challenge of can communicating by letter and coordinate with other entities; 3) has the ability of distribution, fast processing challenge.
Find through literature search prior art, R.H.Lasseter etc. are at Proceedings of 2002IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, VOL.1:305-308 (IEEE power engineering association procceedings in winter in 2002, the first volume: the Microgrids that delivers 305-308) (little electrical network), this article has proposed the notion of little electrical network, be specially the frame structure that has proposed little electrical network, its weak point is that proposition is not based on the flexible coordination control structure of multi-agent system.Aris L.Dimeas etc. are at Proceedings of 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society GeneralMeeting, 2007:1-5 (IEEE power engineering society conference record in 2007, deliver 1-5) act on behalf of basedcontrol for Microgrids (based on agency little power grid control), this article has proposed the basic framework based on multi-agent system control, but concrete communication mechanism is not proposed, many agencies coordinate control etc., it are not carried out more deep discussion.(application number: 200710152493.0) proposed little electrical network and be communicated with the line traffic control system, this method is applicable to the basic controlling of little electrical network to Chinese invention patent, and the coordination aspect relatively is short of.Therefore, a kind of can control system framework and the method thereof that little electrical network is coordinated to control being had important practical significance of research.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of micro electric network coordination control system based on multi-agent technology is provided,, adapt to the requirement of little electrical network with the stability that improves little operation of power networks and the efficient of electrical network.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes: element proxy module, little electrical network proxy module, higher level's electrical network proxy module.Element proxy module, little electrical network proxy module, higher level's electrical network proxy module are divided into three layers and coordinate control, wherein: the element proxy module is independently controlled each bottom component operation in the microgrid, realizes control, Generation Control, the control of energy-storage travelling wave tube and the control of some loads of direct distributed energy; Little electrical network proxy module manages the agency at the management and running of little electrical network inside, comprises the receiving element proxy information, provides corresponding control strategies according to little operation of power networks situation and adjustment strategy for it; Higher level's electrical network proxy module is responsible for the coordinated scheduling between electricity market and each agency, and comprehensive little electrical network proxy information makes very important decision, coordinates to solve task division and shared resource allocation between each agency by communication between little electrical network proxy module and the higher level's electrical network proxy module; Also keep the reasonability of data communication between each proxy module with better each self-decision of assurance.This kind structure and communication mode have adapted to little electrical network distribution, complicated, flexible characteristics.
During operation, the element proxy module is controlled each element in little electrical network, and the operation conditions of institute's control element is offered little electrical network proxy module.After little electrical network proxy module receives the information of element proxy module, provide control strategy to the element proxy module.Change the running status of corresponding control element behind the element proxy module receiving control information voluntarily.The little electrical network proxy module operation conditions of little electrical network separately offers higher level's electrical network proxy module, is undertaken after the preliminary data processing passing to by the information processing system consolidation form by higher level's electrical network proxy module and estimates link.Meanwhile, each little electrical network proxy module is also directly submitted to the running status of electrical network separately and is estimated link, estimates link and the control strategy of each little electrical network is submitted to corresponding little electrical network proxy module after by model prediction.After little electrical network proxy module changed little operation of power networks state, higher level's electrical network proxy module and little electrical network proxy module were submitted to running status again and are estimated link further to adjust.By continuous coordination control, based on the micro electric network coordination control system of multi-agent technology will make little electrical network satisfy provide suitable electric energy to higher level's electrical network in, guaranteed safe, reliable, the economical operation of self electrical network.
Described element proxy module comprises first be incorporated into the power networks proxy module, first data processing module, first data transmission module, first data storage module, the internal control module, wherein: first be incorporated into the power networks proxy module be responsible for control element to little electrical network being incorporated into the power networks and the suspension function, it mainly receives being incorporated into the power networks and suspension information that first data transmission module or little electrical network proxy module provided, and be high priority with the order of being incorporated into the power networks of little electrical network proxy module transmission, the order of being incorporated into the power networks of first data transmission module transmission is that low priority is incorporated into the power networks.First data processing module and first data storage module are responsible for the element of being acted on behalf of is carried out processing, the storage of data, thereby the running status of element is handled timely and upgraded, first data transmission module is responsible for that the element running state information is transferred to little electrical network proxy module and is received the order of little electrical network proxy module.Internal control module is concrete element control program, thereby main input corresponding control programs is controlled different element operations, guarantee that element that the discrete component agency controlled can safe and stable operation, it receives only the order that first data processing module is transmitted.Simultaneously the element proxy module has antijamming capability to external world, can small to external world variation make corresponding adjustment, and this process do not need the interference of little electrical network proxy module, so just can guarantee that element effectively moves.
Described little electrical network proxy module comprises second be incorporated into the power networks proxy module, second data processing module, second data transmission module, second data storage module, wherein: second be incorporated into the power networks proxy module be responsible for little electrical network of controlling to higher level's electrical network be incorporated into the power networks and the suspension function its mainly receive being incorporated into the power networks and suspension information that second data transmission module or higher level's electrical network proxy module provided, and the order of being incorporated into the power networks of higher level electrical network proxy module transmission is high priority, and the order of being incorporated into the power networks of second data transmission module transmission is that low priority is incorporated into the power networks.Second data processing module is responsible for the information that the treatment element proxy module is provided when suspension, and provides corresponding control strategies by second data transmission module for the corresponding elements agency according to The results of data processing; Second data processing module will increase and the getting in touch of higher level's electrical network proxy module when being incorporated into the power networks, the data that communication module transmitted in receiving element proxy module and the higher level's electrical network proxy module, and provide corresponding control strategies by second data transmission module for corresponding elements agency according to The results of data processing, thereby simultaneously by second data transmission module with the running status of little electrical network once more communication further coordinate control for higher level's electrical network proxy module.Second data storage module stores the result of second data processing module, inquires about for other proxy module.Little electrical network proxy module is mainly used in the operation of the little electrical network of optimization or as just a kind of simple regional load scheduling, its objective is that the control that makes little electrical network also reduces the various losses in little electrical network more flexibly.Little electrical network proxy module mainly is responsible for the control more than an agency, and promptly several agencies that it is managed coordinate control.
Described higher level's electrical network proxy module mainly is to press the operation of net and low voltage network that corresponding strategy is provided in being primarily aimed at, there are not concrete be incorporated into the power networks control and operation control, comprise the 3rd data processing module, the 3rd data transmission module, the 3rd data storage module, main integral body scheduling and the analysis of strategies of being responsible for each regional electric power networks.The 3rd data processing module is responsible for the data that a plurality of little electrical network proxy modules are transmitted are carried out integrated treatment, under the situation that guarantees grid stability, carry out the strategy scheduling according to initial given control strategy, and little electrical network proxy module is sent instruction by data transmission module.The 3rd data storage module is responsible for storing the data of each little electrical network proxy module transmission and the control strategy data after the processing of the 3rd data processing module, inquires about for little electrical network proxy module and keeper.
In the coordination control of the whole multi-agent system of the present invention, because the contact between each module mainly is by communication, so communication is an important step wherein.The following two kinds of modes that communication combines of main in the present invention employing:
1) the federated systems communication combines with broadcast communication (directly message transmission)
At first, each proxy module dynamically adds federal body, accepts the service that federal body provides.These services comprise: accept proxy module and add; Record adds ability, task and the rank of proxy module; Communication service is provided; The request that the agency is proposed provides response etc.
Secondly, utilize broadcast mechanism that message is issued each proxy module or a group.Usually the sender will specify unique address, has the agency who meets this condition only and can read this message.
Because the information between this mode is acted on behalf of is directly exchange, does not cushion in the execution.In order to guarantee that other agencies can obtain corresponding data, also will adopt blackboard system to replenish.
2) blackboard system (indirect message transmission)
Blackboard is that an agency writes message, announces the result and obtains the global data base of information, it is divided into several levels according to the agency problem of being studied, the agency who works in identical level can visit corresponding blackboard layer and contiguous level, and the information that is necessary can be posted on the blackboard for all proxy retrieves.
In this way, each agency can obtain enough data with guarantee self or with other agencies' Collaborative Control.
The concrete controlled function of system of the present invention by proposition is acted on behalf of based on each element in frame structure, communication mechanism, coordination controlling platform and the little electrical network of multi-agent system, thus the control structure framework of little electrical network and concrete communication coordination problem solved.By having proposed little electrical network inside, and and the coordination control strategy of higher level's electrical network, thereby optimized the coordination control of little electrical network more.Realize containing the stratification control of the electric power networks of little electrical network in general, thereby reduced the danger of single distributed power source operation, improved the reliability of whole electrical network long journey; Reduce the transmission of electricity network loss that produces because of long term distance, improved the efficient of electrical network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a principle of the invention block diagram.
Fig. 3 is an element agent functionality schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is little electrical network framework schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is an embodiment of the invention micro electric network coordination control flow chart.
Fig. 6 is embodiment of the invention photovoltaic generation MPPT and load chart.
Fig. 7 is embodiment of the invention simulation result figure.
Fig. 8 is the little grid nodes voltage curve of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is embodiment of the invention battery current figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed execution mode and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, element proxy module, little electrical network proxy module, higher level's electrical network proxy module are divided into three layers and coordinate control.Each bottom component in the microgrid (comprising generator, load etc.) is all by independently element proxy module control operation.Set little electrical network proxy module simultaneously these agencies are managed, as: receiving element proxy information, according to little operation of power networks situation and adjust strategy and provide corresponding control strategies for it.Coordinate to solve respectively task division and the shared resource allocation between the agency by communication between little electrical network proxy module and the higher level's electrical network proxy module.Higher level's electrical network proxy module is responsible for the coordinated scheduling between electricity market and each agency, and comprehensive little electrical network proxy information is made very important decision.Also keep the reasonability of a certain amount of data communication between the different proxy modules with better each self-decision of assurance.This kind structure and communication mode have adapted to little electrical network distribution, complicated, flexible characteristics.
As shown in Figure 2, the element proxy module is controlled each element in little electrical network, and the operation conditions of institute's control element is offered little electrical network proxy module.After little electrical network proxy module received the information of element proxy module, the agency provided control strategy to element.Change the running status of corresponding control element behind the element proxy module receiving control information voluntarily.The little electrical network proxy module operation conditions of little electrical network separately offers higher level's electrical network proxy module, is undertaken after the preliminary data processing passing to by the information processing system consolidation form by higher level's electrical network proxy module and estimates link.Meanwhile, each little electrical network proxy module is also directly submitted to the running status of electrical network separately and is estimated link, estimates link and the control strategy of each little electrical network is submitted to corresponding little electrical network proxy module after by model prediction.After little electrical network proxy module changed little operation of power networks state, higher level's electrical network proxy module and little electrical network proxy module were submitted to running status again and are estimated link further to adjust.By continuous coordination control, based on the micro electric network coordination control system of multi-agent technology will make little electrical network satisfy provide suitable electric energy to higher level's electrical network in, guaranteed safe, reliable, the economical operation of self electrical network.
As shown in Figure 3, described element proxy module comprises 5 modules: first be incorporated into the power networks proxy module, first data processing module, first data transmission module, first data storage module, the internal control module.Its major function is to realize control, Generation Control, the control of energy-storage travelling wave tube and the control of some loads of direct distributed energy.First proxy module that is incorporated into the power networks mainly is responsible for institute's control element being incorporated into the power networks and the suspension function to little electrical network.First data processing module, first data transmission module and first data storage module mainly are to be responsible for the element of being acted on behalf of is carried out processing, the storage of data and exchanges, thereby the running status of element is handled timely and are upgraded.Internal control module is concrete element control program, thereby main input corresponding control programs is controlled different element operations, for example this moment, control element was a small-sized fan, internal control module will be imported anti-interference control program, reactive power compensation control program etc. this moment so, thereby guarantee that the element that the discrete component agency is controlled can safe and stable operation.Simultaneously the element proxy module has antijamming capability to external world, can small to external world variation make corresponding adjustment, and this process do not need the interference of little electrical network proxy module, so just can guarantee that element effectively moves.
Described little electrical network proxy module is primarily aimed at the management and running of little electrical network inside, comprises 4 modules: second be incorporated into the power networks proxy module, second data processing module, second data transmission module, second data storage module.Second proxy module that is incorporated into the power networks mainly is responsible for institute's little electrical network of controlling being incorporated into the power networks and the suspension function to higher level's electrical network.Second data processing module is responsible for treatment element information that proxy module provides, and provides corresponding control strategies by second data transmission module for the corresponding elements agency according to The results of data processing.Second data storage module mainly is that storage data is inquired about for other agency.Little electrical network proxy module is mainly used in the operation of the little electrical network of optimization or dispatches as just a kind of simple regional load.Its objective is that the control that makes little electrical network also reduces the various losses in little electrical network more flexibly.Little electrical network proxy module mainly is responsible for the control more than an agency, and promptly several agencies that it is managed coordinate control.When power shortage occurring as the power distribution network when little electrical network place, require little electrical network to be incorporated into the power networks to carry out electric power to support, at this moment this layer proxy just begins to give an order unit in little electrical network is regulated, and concrete adjusting action is carried out by the ground floor agency in the back of giving an order.
Described higher level's electrical network proxy module mainly is to press the operation of net and low voltage network that corresponding strategy is provided in being primarily aimed at, there are not concrete be incorporated into the power networks control and operation control, comprise the 3rd data processing module, the 3rd data transmission module, the 3rd data storage module, main integral body scheduling and the analysis of strategies of being responsible for each regional electric power networks.The data that the 3rd data processing module is responsible for a plurality of little electrical network proxy module is transmitted (as the voltage of each little electrical network, electric current, frequency, meritorious, idle etc.) are carried out integrated treatment, under the situation that guarantees grid stability, distribute regulated quantity and judge whether energy control strategy is feasible according to the multiple-objection optimization Theoretical Calculation, then little electrical network proxy module is sent instruction (infeasible each little electrical network proxy module that then allows again provides amended operation catalogue) by the 3rd data transmission module as feasible.The 3rd data storage module is responsible for storing the data of each little electrical network proxy module transmission and the control strategy data after the processing of the 3rd data processing module, inquires about for little electrical network proxy module and keeper.
Concrete application example:
The present embodiment system comprises element proxy module, little electrical network proxy module, higher level's electrical network proxy module.The element proxy module comprises element agencies such as photovoltaic agency, storage battery agency, wind energy turbine set agency.They are kept in communication by mode and little electrical network agency of the data-transformation facility in the component module with request.Little electrical network proxy module has comprised all little electrical network agencies, carry out a spot of exchanges data by communication modes between each little electrical network agency, little electrical network proxy module and higher level's electrical network proxy module carry out the negotiation of control strategy in the mode of policy conferring by communication, and by response mode with control strategy transfer element proxy module, and control corresponding agency voluntarily by the element proxy module.
1, element proxy module
At first, set up the corresponding controlled function of acting on behalf of by the initialization control module according to the characteristic of each power supply.
1) wind power generation agency: a. anti-interference function: the instability owing to wind speed in the wind power generation has caused the harmonic wave of wind power generation generation a lot, filtering should be arranged in the wind power generation agency and the quality of power supply is improved the part of controlling, to guarantee the high-quality output of the quality of power supply.B. relevant with wind speed wind wheel blade controlled function: in the wind power generation, the link of wind speed and blade control belongs to an important ring, and this agency needs can be according to the angle of the size adjustment blade of wind speed, and Limit of Wind Speed is set regulates.For example: when Voff＜V (wind) (wind speed overstep the extreme limit speed), wind wheel blade should be regulated its angle to guarantee the safe and stable operation of blower fan.C. no-power compensation function: wind-force changes the instability that produces electric power transfer rapidly, needs to reach the stable requirement of wind power generation by monitoring and control to the reactive power compensation facility of wind power generation.
2) photovoltaic agency: a. solar maximum power point is followed the tracks of (MPPT) function: the solar cell output characteristic is non-linear, and changes with intensity of illumination and variation of temperature.In order to allow it give full play to the opto-electronic conversion ability, the photovoltaic agency must have the MPPT maximum power point tracking function.B. cell panel parameter detecting, defencive function: the basic parameter to solar panel is monitored; when above parameter exceeds safe limited range; this agency starts safeguard measure, as: low voltage limit pattern (LV) is to guarantee the safe operation of solar cell.
3) gas turbine agency: a. gas turbine supply of cooling, heating and electrical powers function: this function is gas turbine agency's a pith, supplies with miniature gas turbine by the energy that gas-firing produced through energy conversion.A gas turbine part provides electric energy for little electrical network, and the waste heat that is produced simultaneously offers heating system and refrigerating system respectively, and when heat supply and refrigerating system needed bigger energy, system directly came to provide energy for cold and hot system by gas-firing.B. variable power limitation function: because under the situation of cogeneration, the various outputs of miniature gas turbine must be satisfied the needs of heat, and its variable power has certain restriction, and variable power restriction agency will guarantee that the supply of cooling, heating and electrical powers of gas turbine remains in the limited range.C. rectification/inversion control function: because the rotating speed problem of gas turbine, the output current of gas turbine can not directly be used in little electrical network, and this agency will be responsible for that be incorporated into the power networks AC/DC rectifier in the link and effective control of DC/AC DC-to-AC converter is input to High frequency power in little electrical network to gas turbine.
4) fuel cell agency: monitoring of a. hydrogen-oxygen content and input controlled function: be responsible for the hydrogen-oxygen content situation of monitoring battery system, and regulate the hydrogen-oxygen input, thereby reach the purpose of regulating electric energy according to hydrogen-oxygen content and cell power generation situation.As: reduce the fuel input, carry out the low level operational mode.B. current density monitoring and regulating function: under the situation that input gas such as hydrogen and oxygen remain unchanged, fuel battery voltage and current density have good linear relationship between the two. and by effective monitoring, control, the generating situation of fuel cell is remained in the controlled scope to the fuel cell current density.
5) storage battery agency: a. monitoring function: the effective monitoring of the state of storage battery can allow the energy of storage battery be controlled effectively before exceeding limited range.Comprise monitoring to battery tension, electric current, energy storage.B. start and stop/attributive function: when storage battery reaches limit value, promptly stop or opening the I/O (as: limit charge and discharge mode) of storage battery, to keep its reliability service.
6) load agency: load data, the excision/load that is incorporated into the power networks are classified, monitored to power load, keep mutual communication simultaneously with little electrical network agency.
After these functions of initialization, just can control, simultaneously can be transferred to little electrical network proxy module by the essential information that communication module will be acted on behalf of element to the element of being acted on behalf of separately by the control corresponding module.And by the information of data storing function for this element of user inquiring.Be used for carrying out being incorporated into the power networks with the module that is incorporated into the power networks at last/suspension control with little electrical network.
2, little electrical network proxy module: for little electrical network proxy module, its major function is that by after receiving the information that each element provided in little electrical network the component information that integrated treatment is acted on behalf of also feeds back to corresponding element control strategy to guarantee safe, stable, the operation efficiently of little electrical network.Be example with the little electrical network that comprises photovoltaic generation, fuel cell and storage battery in the present invention, the coordination control strategy problem of little electrical network is discussed.
1) controlled target of little electrical network module
For little electrical network proxy module, at first must formulate the controlled target of little electrical network integral body.Proposing a kind of common target among the present invention, is controlled target with the renewable energy power generation maximizing efficiency promptly:
Be max ∑ P
G, i(1)
In the formula: P
G, iBe i renewable energy power generation element energy output in little electrical network.
2) constraints of little electrical network module
In order to guarantee safe, the stable operation of little electric network element, after the controlled target that proposes little electrical network module, should provide corresponding constraints:
A. voltage limit
V
min≤V(t)
i≤V
max (2)
In the formula, V (t)
iBe t each node voltage of the moment, V
Max, V
MinBe respectively 1.05,0.95.
B. power-balance
∑P
G，i＝D+L (3)
In the formula, D, L are respectively workload demand and via net loss.
C. batteries to store energy restriction
0≤P(t)
s≤P
s，max (4)
In the formula, P (t)
sBe t moment battery stores amount, P
S, max=4.0
D. battery current restriction
ΔI(t)
s≤ΔI
max (5)
In the formula, Δ I (t)
sBe t moment battery current variable quantity, Δ I
Max=1.25.
E. photovoltaic generation restriction
P(t)
P≤P(t)
P，mppt (6)
In the formula, P (t)
PBe t moment photovoltaic generation amount, P (t)
P, mpptBe MPPT maximum power point tracking (energy output during MaximumPower Point Tracking Mode-MPPT).(all parameters all are per unit value)
3) control strategy of little electrical network proxy module when islet operation
The coordination control strategy of little electrical network proxy module when islet operation is: the primary data that little electrical network proxy module provides by the element proxy module, after the process data processing is obtained a result, judge the state of element (photovoltaic, fuel cell etc.) separately again, according to judged result, determine the control model of little electric network element.
A. if photovoltaic boosts, the non-low level operation of fuel cell.Then little electrical network proxy module communication photovoltaic agency continues with the MPPT mode operation, and the fuel cell of communication simultaneously agency reduces power supply.
B. if photovoltaic boosts, the operation of fuel cell low level.Then little electrical network proxy module communication storage battery agency charging.
C. under-voltage then communication storage battery agency discharge, the fuel cell agency increases power supply, and continues to judge whether photovoltaic power supply finishes, and "Yes"-end photovoltaic generation changes by fuel cell-powered, and "No" then photovoltaic generation operates in the MPPT pattern.
D. photovoltaic boost, fuel cell low level operation, whether surmount restriction when then the storage battery agency continues to judge charge in batteries, if, notice photovoltaic agency directly changed into voltage limit (VL) pattern after then little electrical network agency received the storage battery proxy requests, otherwise continued to judge whether storage battery is full of, if underfill, then continue to keep the photovoltaic agency to be the MPPT pattern, if be full of, the pattern that then changes the photovoltaic agency is the VL pattern, and is stable up to only depending on photovoltaic generation can not keep voltage.
As shown in Figure 5, based on many agencies' micro electric network coordination control flow chart:
4) control strategy of little electrical network proxy module when being incorporated into the power networks
Little electrical network proxy module at first uses be incorporated into the power networks module and higher level's electrical network to be incorporated into the power networks.After being incorporated into the power networks, the coordinate scheme of little electrical network proxy module: 1. the communication photovoltaic generation keeps the MPPT pattern always, and is the highest with the generating efficiency that keeps regenerative resource.2. regulate because of direct and major network, little electrical network proxy module is out of service with communication storage battery agency.3. little electrical network proxy module will increase and higher level's electrical network agency between the communication co-ordination.
3, higher level's electrical network proxy module
The superior agency module mainly is the coordinated scheduling work of being responsible between a plurality of little electrical networks and the main electrical network.For energy scheduling, mainly can be divided into coordinated scheduling under the power grid operation state and the scheduling under the failure operation state.
1) the scheduling situation of higher level's electrical network proxy module during steady operation
During steady operation, behind comprehensive its lower floor's proxy information of higher level's electrical network proxy module, electrical network is analyzed, and then exerting oneself of each little electrical network agency coordinated with the thought of multiple-objection optimization.These targets mainly comprise economic index, power quality index etc.When higher level's electrical network proxy module has been given little electrical network agent allocation after the definite value, little electrical network proxy module just can form the effective support to higher level's electrical network by the scheduling to the element agency, as: the frequency of participation power distribution network, voltage control, harmonic wave control etc.And no longer need major network to each micro power being instructed intervention.
2) the break down scheduling situation of higher level's electrical network proxy module
When breaking down after being incorporated into the power networks, owing to act on behalf of distributed nature, can be by the position of the rapid fault location point of corresponding agency.When the fault point when little electrical network is inner, provide corresponding adjustment by the information of little electrical network agency by comprehensive each element agency.When occurring in little electrical network outside, act on behalf of mutual communication to determine the order of severity of fault with each little electrical network by higher level's electrical network agency.As exceeding self regulating power, corresponding little electrical network agency can select to disconnect with major network, enters islet operation, can guarantee the safe and stable operation of major network and little electrical network so simultaneously.
Based on above-mentioned system, with the 9:00-21:00 time period in one day be source, be target with little grid generation maximizing efficiency, analyze through multi-agent system and coordinate each element ruuning situation of control back.As shown in Figure 6, be emulation desired parameters figure, parabolic is photovoltaic generation MMPT curve, self-sustained oscillation be load curve.
Result data is analyzed
1), can draw the datagram of following Fig. 7 through emulation:
In little electrical network each element energy changing curve chart as shown in Figure 7, corresponding control strategies is as shown in table 1.By Fig. 7 and table 1 as can be known, each agency in little electrical network has made corresponding mode adjustment under different time periods, different situation.The flexible dispatching of operator scheme allows little electrical network keep the maximal efficiency of little electrical network when keeping safety, stable operation.
Table 1 coordination control strategy schematic diagram
| Time | Operation strategy | The photovoltaic agency | The storage battery agency | The fuel cell agency |
| 9:05-9:55 | Photovoltaic output consumes much smaller than load.The photovoltaic agency keeps the MPPT pattern to guarantee generating efficiency. | The MPPT pattern | There is not operation | Reduce power supply |
| 9:55-10:55 | Photovoltaic output is risen rapidly, and surpasses little network load consumption.Little electrical network agent communication storage battery agency stores unnecessary electric energy and orders the fuel cell agency to reduce generating gradually. | The MPPT pattern | Charge mode | Low output operational mode |
| 10:55-12:45 | The photovoltaic output resume rises, and unnecessary electric energy has exceeded the storage battery restriction that discharges and recharges of the limit in short-term.The storage battery agency will limit increase and each agency of communication of charging current.Be the overvoltage danger of avoiding producing because of excessive amount of electrical energy, little electrical network agency transfers communication photovoltaic agency to the VL pattern with power generation mode. | The VL pattern | Limit charging | Low output operational mode |
| 12:45-13:40 | Difference between photovoltaic maximum power output and the power load is less than the storage battery degree that discharges and recharges of the limit in short-term, and the photovoltaic generation agency transfers the MPPT pattern again to. | The MPPT pattern | Charge mode | Low output operational mode |
| 13:40-14:40 | Storage battery is full of, and its agency will stop charging and each agency of communication.Because photovoltaic output is still greater than workload demand, the photovoltaic agency will be the VL pattern by command conversion once more. | The VL pattern | Stop charging | Low output operational mode |
| 14:40-15:10 | Photovoltaic output weakens rapidly and can not guarantee workload demand.Therefore, little electrical network agency transfers communication photovoltaic agency to the MPPT pattern, notifies the storage battery agency that electric energy is provided simultaneously. | The MPPT pattern | Discharge mode | Low output operational mode |
| 15:10-15:45 | The electric energy of photovoltaic output consumes greater than load again, and storage battery is acted on behalf of once more by the communication store electrical energy. | The MPPT pattern | Charge mode | Low output operational mode |
| 15:45-17:15 | Intensity of sunshine diminishes rapidly and causes photovoltaic output to consume less than load, and little electrical network agency will notify the storage battery agency to improve the battery discharging electric current | The MPPT pattern | Discharge mode | Low output operational mode |
| 17:15-17:45 | Photovoltaic generation reduces to 0 rapidly, depends merely on storage battery and can not satisfy need for electricity, and at this moment, little electrical network agency increases the communication fuel cell output of electric energy. | The MPPT pattern | Limit discharge | Increase power supply |
| 17:45-19:50 | The photovoltaic generation outage, little electrical network agency will control storage battery agency (keeping limit discharge condition) and the fuel cell agency provides enough electric energy. | Generation outage | Limit discharge | Increase power supply |
| 19:50- | The storage battery electricity finishes during this period, and is whole little | Generation outage | Stop power supply | Power supply fully |
| The load consumption of electrical network is provided by fuel cell fully. |
2) little grid nodes voltage curve
As shown in Figure 8, as can be seen from the figure under the situation of multi-agent system flexible dispatching, each node voltage of little electrical network all is controlled in the tolerance interval.
3) accumulator cell charging and discharging map of current
As shown in Figure 9, as can be seen since the existence of accumulator cell charging and discharging restriction and battery current do not stop conversion, allow storage battery when keeping inherently safe stable operation, the energy control of little electrical network also be carried out effectively replenishing and regulating.
Claims (6)
1. micro electric network coordination control system based on multi-agent technology, it is characterized in that comprising: element proxy module, little electrical network proxy module, higher level's electrical network proxy module, described element proxy module, little electrical network proxy module, higher level's electrical network proxy module are divided into three layers and coordinate control, wherein:
The element proxy module is independently controlled each bottom component operation in the microgrid, realizes control, Generation Control, the control of energy-storage travelling wave tube and the control of some loads of direct distributed energy;
Little electrical network proxy module manages the agency at the management and running of little electrical network inside, comprises the receiving element proxy information, provides corresponding control strategies according to little operation of power networks situation and adjustment strategy for it;
Higher level's electrical network proxy module is responsible for the coordinated scheduling between electricity market and each agency, and comprehensive little electrical network proxy information makes very important decision, coordinates to solve task division and shared resource allocation between each agency by communication between little electrical network proxy module and the higher level's electrical network proxy module; Also keep the reasonability of data communication between each proxy module with better each self-decision of assurance;
The element proxy module is controlled each element in little electrical network, and the operation conditions of institute's control element offered little electrical network proxy module, after little electrical network proxy module receives the information of element proxy module, provide control strategy to the element proxy module, change the running status of corresponding control element behind the element proxy module receiving control information voluntarily, the little electrical network proxy module operation conditions of little electrical network separately offers higher level's electrical network proxy module, is undertaken after the preliminary data processing passing to by the information processing system consolidation form by higher level's electrical network proxy module and estimates link; Meanwhile, each little electrical network proxy module is also directly submitted to the running status of electrical network separately and is estimated link, estimate link and the control strategy of each little electrical network is submitted to corresponding little electrical network proxy module after by model prediction, after little electrical network proxy module changed little operation of power networks state, higher level's electrical network proxy module and little electrical network proxy module were submitted to running status again and are estimated link further to adjust.
2. the micro electric network coordination control system based on multi-agent technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described element proxy module comprises first proxy module that is incorporated into the power networks, first data processing module, first data transmission module, first data storage module, internal control module, wherein: first be incorporated into the power networks proxy module be responsible for control element to little electrical network being incorporated into the power networks and the suspension function, it receives being incorporated into the power networks and suspension information that first data transmission module or little electrical network proxy module provided, and be high priority with the order of being incorporated into the power networks of little electrical network proxy module transmission, the order of being incorporated into the power networks of first data transmission module transmission is that low priority is incorporated into the power networks; First data processing module and first data storage module are responsible for the element of being acted on behalf of is carried out processing, the storage of data, thereby the running status of element is handled timely and upgraded, first data transmission module is responsible for that the element running state information is transferred to little electrical network proxy module and is received the order of little electrical network proxy module; Internal control module is concrete element control program, thereby the input corresponding control programs is controlled different element operations, guarantees the element safe and stable operation that the discrete component agency is controlled, and it receives only the order that first data processing module is transmitted.
3. the micro electric network coordination control system based on multi-agent technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described element proxy module has antijamming capability to external world, can small to external world variation make corresponding adjustment, and this process does not need the interference of little electrical network proxy module.
4. the micro electric network coordination control system based on multi-agent technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described little electrical network proxy module comprises second proxy module that is incorporated into the power networks, second data processing module, second data transmission module, second data storage module, wherein: second be incorporated into the power networks proxy module be responsible for little electrical network of controlling to higher level's electrical network being incorporated into the power networks and the suspension function, it receives being incorporated into the power networks and suspension information that second data transmission module or higher level's electrical network proxy module provided, and the order of being incorporated into the power networks of higher level electrical network proxy module transmission is high priority, and the order of being incorporated into the power networks of second data transmission module transmission is that low priority is incorporated into the power networks; Second data processing module is responsible for the information that the treatment element proxy module is provided when suspension, and provides corresponding control strategies by second data transmission module for the corresponding elements agency according to The results of data processing; Second data processing module will increase and the getting in touch of higher level's electrical network proxy module when being incorporated into the power networks, the data that communication module transmitted in receiving element proxy module and the higher level's electrical network proxy module, and provide corresponding control strategies by second data transmission module for corresponding elements agency according to The results of data processing, thereby simultaneously by second data transmission module with the running status of little electrical network once more communication further coordinate control for higher level's electrical network proxy module; Second data storage module stores the result of second data processing module, inquires about for other proxy module.
5. the micro electric network coordination control system based on multi-agent technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described higher level's electrical network proxy module comprises the 3rd data processing module, the 3rd data transmission module, the 3rd data storage module, wherein the 3rd data processing module is responsible for the data that a plurality of little electrical network proxy modules are transmitted are carried out integrated treatment, under the situation that guarantees grid stability, distribute regulated quantity and judge whether energy control strategy is feasible according to the multiple-objection optimization Theoretical Calculation, then by the 3rd data transmission module little electrical network proxy module is sent instruction as feasible, infeasible each little electrical network proxy module that then allows again provides amended operation catalogue; The 3rd data storage module is responsible for storing the data of each little electrical network proxy module transmission and the control strategy data after the processing of the 3rd data processing module, inquires about for little electrical network proxy module and keeper.
6. the micro electric network coordination control system based on multi-agent technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, contact between described element proxy module, little electrical network proxy module, the higher level's electrical network proxy module realizes that by communication its communication mode comprises following two kinds:
First kind, the federated systems communication combines with broadcast communication: at first, each proxy module dynamically adds federal body, accept the service that federal body provides, these services comprise that the request of accepting proxy module adds, record adds proxy module ability, task and rank, communication service is provided, the agency being proposed provides response; Secondly, utilize broadcast mechanism that message is issued each proxy module or a group, the sender will specify unique address usually, has the agency who meets this condition only and can read this message;
Second kind, blackboard system: blackboard is that an agency writes message, announces the result and obtains the global data base of information, it is divided into several levels according to the agency problem of being studied, the agency who works in identical level can visit corresponding blackboard layer and contiguous level, and the information that is necessary can both be posted on the blackboard for all proxy retrieves.
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| CN110991919B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2023-09-26 | 阳光新能源开发股份有限公司 | Distributed energy scheduling method, distributed energy management system and virtual power plant |
| CN116646973A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-08-25 | 国网山东省电力公司日照供电公司 | Information interaction method of micro-grid, micro-grid and storage medium |
| CN116646973B (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2024-05-03 | 国网山东省电力公司日照供电公司 | Information interaction method of micro-grid, micro-grid and storage medium |
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