CN103647351A - Multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology based micro-grid intelligent measuring and controlling terminal and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology, a multi-agent system and a measurement and control method thereof. As a component Agent, a micro-grid Agent and an upper-level power grid Agent together form a micro-grid multi-agent system, intelligent The measurement and control terminal includes a main control module, a data acquisition module, a protection control output module and a heterogeneous communication module. The data acquisition module collects real-time data information of each underlying component in the microgrid. The information is sent to the upper microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module; at the same time, the main control module receives the control command of the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module, and transmits the control command to each underlying component in the microgrid through the protection control output module. Control its working status. The invention realizes the intercommunication and interconnection of complex heterogeneous communication networks of the micro-grid, has the advantages of wireless, small size, low power consumption, and low cost, and greatly improves the safe and stable operation and power generation efficiency of the micro-grid.

Description

Microgrid intelligent measurement and control terminal and method based on multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology

the

technical field

The invention relates to an intelligent measurement and control terminal, in particular to a micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent technology and heterogeneous communication technology, its multi-agent system, and a micro-grid intelligent measurement and control method.

Background technique

Microgrid is a system composed of load and micro power supply, which can provide electric energy and heat energy at the same time; its internal power supply is mainly responsible for energy conversion by power electronic devices and provides necessary control; its performance compared to the external large power grid It is a single controlled unit and can meet the user's requirements for power quality and power supply security at the same time. It includes the following main features: 1) It includes distributed power sources such as photovoltaics and wind power. 2) Equipped with an energy management system, through the control of a large number of power electronic devices, problems such as power flow and protection can be solved. 3) It is required that it can be connected to the large power grid, and can be disconnected from the main grid when the grid fails or needs to be operated independently. At the same time, it is necessary to effectively control various distributed power sources. The equipment connected to the microgrid system is very complex, with many types, and the interface forms and control methods are also different. This poses a new challenge to how to safely and efficiently connect and integrate these devices so that the microgrid system can play its role to the fullest. How to solve such problems will become one of the key technologies for the development of microgrid technology in the future.

Due to the distributed nature of the microgrid, massive control data, and flexible and changeable control methods, it is difficult to achieve flexible and effective scheduling in the centralized control method that was uniformly judged and dispatched by the dispatching center in the past. Therefore, by distributing control rights to each microgrid component, the distributed coordinated control method in which each component changes its operating state according to the scheduling of the microgrid will effectively solve these problems. Under this trend, a system based on distributed control - multi-agent system is proposed. The multi-agent system has good autonomy and inspiration, and its purpose is to divide the large complex system into small, inter-communicating and coordinating systems, which are easy to manage. Its advantages are: 1) It can control the operation of components without interference and can reason and plan through the knowledge system and the external environment to solve various problems in its own field; 2) It can communicate with other entities And coordinate and cooperate to solve complex problems; 3) Have the ability to distribute and quickly deal with complex problems.

The equipment in the microgrid is very complex and there are many types. The equipment provided by different manufacturers has its own system in terms of structural design and standards, and is incompatible with each other. The technical standards are not disclosed to each other. These heterogeneous communication network environments are due to access methods and mechanisms Each is different, that is, the communication protocols are different, which makes it difficult to realize the communication connection between the various devices. In order to conveniently communicate between different communication interfaces, better develop and run application software on heterogeneous platforms, and solve the problems of intercommunication, interconnection and interoperability between devices in the microgrid, the network communication function of the present invention The module is implemented with the design idea of heterogeneous communication middleware HCM, and a solution is designed. This design realizes the intercommunication and interconnection of the heterogeneous communication network of the microgrid, which facilitates the development of application programs by application layer users and improves the development efficiency.

At present, the wind measurement of domestic wind farms is mainly done through the wind measurement tower, and the data collection and transmission are mostly carried out manually and by cable, which is extremely inconvenient. In the wind farm, the use of ZigBee wireless monitoring network technology can transform the traditional wind farm wind measurement mode into an information network-centric wind measurement mode, making the wind farm wind measurement wireless, small in size, low in energy consumption and low in cost and other advantages. Other distributed power sources such as photovoltaic power generation also require micro-meteorological monitoring. ZigBee-based wireless monitoring network technology has a very promising application prospect in the field of micro-meteorological monitoring of distributed power sources in micro-grids.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the problems of distributed power supply technology existing in microgrid technology and the deficiency of distributed power supply control in current prior art, and provides a microgrid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology and its multi-agent system and microgrid intelligent measurement and control methods.

The present invention solves its technical problem and realizes through the following technical solutions:

A micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent technology and heterogeneous communication technology. The micro-grid is divided into intelligent measurement and control terminals, micro-grid Agents (agents) for monitoring intelligent measurement and control terminals, and upper-level grid agents for monitoring micro-grid Agents. Three layers for coordinated control, characterized in that the microgrid intelligent measurement and control terminal includes: a protection control output module, which communicates with each bottom element in the microgrid; a heterogeneous communication module, which is used to receive or transmit the control of the microgrid Agent commands; the data acquisition module is used to collect real-time data information of each bottom element in the microgrid and transmits the real-time data information to the main control module; the main control module is used to store and process the real-time data information collected by the data acquisition module, and Send real-time data information to the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module; at the same time, receive the control command of the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module, and transmit the control command to each underlying component in the microgrid through the protection control output module, and control The working status of each underlying component in the microgrid; the data acquisition module, heterogeneous communication module and protection control output module are all connected to the main control module.

A micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology uses multi-agent technology to form a micro-grid multi-agent system together with the micro-grid Agent and the upper-level grid agent as a component Agent (agent). Intelligent measurement and control terminal (element Agent), microgrid Agent, and upper-level grid Agent are divided into three layers for coordinated control, among which: the intelligent measurement and control terminal independently controls the operation of each underlying component in the microgrid, realizing direct distributed energy control and energy storage component control and load control; the microgrid agent manages the agent for the internal scheduling operation of the microgrid, including receiving the information of the intelligent measurement and control terminal, and providing corresponding control strategies according to the microgrid operation status and adjustment strategy; the superior grid agent is responsible for the power market and The coordination and scheduling among the agents, and the comprehensive microgrid agent information to make major decisions, the microgrid Agent and the superior power grid Agent through communication coordination to solve the task division between agents and the allocation of shared resources; each Agent also maintains Data communication to ensure the rationality of their respective decisions. This structure and communication method adapts to the distributed, complex and flexible characteristics of the microgrid. Through the coordinated control of the three-tier agent system, the micro-grid coordinated control system based on multi-agent technology will enable the micro-grid to provide appropriate power to the upper-level grid while ensuring the safe, reliable, and economical operation of its own grid.

Moreover, the intelligent measurement and control terminal includes a main control module, a data acquisition module, a protection control output module and a heterogeneous communication module, and the data acquisition module collects real-time data information of each bottom element in the microgrid, and transmits the real-time data information to The main control module, the main control module stores and processes the real-time data information collected by the data acquisition module, and sends the real-time data information to the microgrid agent through the heterogeneous communication module; at the same time, the main control module receives the microgrid agent through the heterogeneous communication module The control command of the grid Agent, and the control command is transmitted to each underlying component in the microgrid through the protection control output module to control its working state.

The underlying components include photovoltaic power generation, wind power generators, storage batteries, fuel cells, loads, and the like.

Moreover, the main control module of the intelligent measurement and control terminal adopts a dual-CPU architecture of DSP+ARM, DSP is used as a control machine, and is mainly responsible for high-speed data acquisition processing and control and protection output, and ARM is used as a management machine, mainly responsible for data display storage, network communication and human-computer interaction. The two communicate through FIFO memory and SPI serial bus, share information in real time, and cooperate with each other.

Moreover, the heterogeneous communication module of the intelligent measurement and control terminal adopts the design idea of the heterogeneous communication middleware HCM to implement, and the heterogeneous communication module can provide a unified data access interface for the user; Data transmission and processing between structured communication networks; provide open interfaces suitable for various programming modes, and provide various operating mechanisms during application execution. The heterogeneous communication module is built between the main control module and the communication network as an intermediate layer, and has two interfaces, namely the interface with the main control module and the interface with the heterogeneous communication network. The function set of the heterogeneous communication module includes the following main function modules: protocol scheduling module, communication module, and data processing module. The protocol scheduling module is responsible for scheduling the communication protocols suitable for the current communication network in the constructed communication protocol library. The communication module includes a framing module (assembling read/write data frames) and a communication port operation module (read/write communication port). Among them, the framing module is an interface module facing the main control module, which is used to obtain the data information of the main control module; the communication port operation module is an interface module facing the communication network, which is used to communicate with the communication network through the communication interface according to the data frame of the framing module. Data interaction. The data processing module includes a data type processing module, a rule conversion module and an effective verification module.

Moreover, the micro-meteorological monitoring of intelligent measurement and control terminals such as wind farm Agent and photovoltaic battery Agent is realized based on ZigBee's Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology, that is, the data acquisition module collects meteorological data in real time through ZigBee's wireless sensor network; Described data acquisition module comprises meteorological monitoring sensor and ZigBee micro weather monitoring module, described weather monitoring sensor communicates with the data acquisition processor DSP of master control module by ZigBee micro weather monitoring module, can monitor wind speed, wind direction, atmospheric pressure, Meteorological data such as temperature and humidity have the advantages of wireless, small size, low power consumption, low cost, and flexible and convenient installation.

Moreover, the main control module further includes a display device and a data storage module, both of which are connected to the data storage communication controller. The data storage module includes synchronous dynamic random access memory, NORFLASH memory and NANDFLASH memory.

A micro-grid multi-agent system using the above-mentioned micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal is characterized in that it includes a plurality of micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminals as component Agents to control the operation of each underlying component in the micro-grid to realize direct distributed energy Control of power generation, control of energy storage components and control of some loads;

Multiple micro-grid Agents, aiming at the internal scheduling operation of the micro-grid, manage the demand or corresponding management of the micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal, including receiving the information of the intelligent measurement and control terminal, and providing corresponding control strategies according to the micro-grid operating status and adjustment strategy;

A higher-level power grid Agent, responsible for the coordination and scheduling of the power market and various agents, and making final decisions based on the information of the micro-grid Agent (micro-grid agent). The intelligent measurement and control terminals and the micro-grid Agent use Ethernet communication protocol to transmit information.

A micro-grid multi-agent system using the above-mentioned micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal is characterized in that it includes a plurality of micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminals as component Agents to control the operation of each underlying component in the micro-grid to realize direct distributed energy Control of power generation, control of energy storage components and control of important loads;

Multiple micro-grid Agents, aiming at the internal scheduling operation of the micro-grid, manage the demand or corresponding management of the micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal, including receiving the information of the intelligent measurement and control terminal, and providing corresponding control strategies according to the micro-grid operating status and adjustment strategy;

A higher-level power grid Agent, responsible for the coordination and scheduling of the power market and various agents, and making final decisions based on the information of the micro-grid Agent (micro-grid agent). The intelligent measurement and control terminals and the micro-grid Agent use Ethernet communication protocol to transmit information.

A microgrid intelligent measurement and control method using a microgrid multi-agent system, characterized in that the method steps are as follows:

(1) The micro-grid is divided into three layers for coordinated control; the micro-grid is divided into the upper-level grid agent module layer, the micro-grid agent module layer and the component agent module layer. Each underlying component in the micro-grid is controlled by an independent intelligent measurement and control terminal. , and at the same time set the microgrid Agent to manage the intelligent measurement and control terminal, and the microgrid Agent and the superior grid Agent solve the task division and the allocation of shared resources among the agents through communication coordination;

(2) Data information collection; the data collection module collects real-time data information of each underlying component in the microgrid, and transmits the real-time data information to the main control module,

(3) Data information is stored and uploaded to the microgrid Agent; the main control module stores and processes the real-time data information collected by the data acquisition module, and sends the real-time data information to the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module;

(4) The microgrid Agent sends control commands to control the underlying components in the microgrid; the main control module receives the control commands from the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module, and transmits the control commands to the microgrid through the protection control output module. Each underlying component.

The specific steps for the above-mentioned heterogeneous communication module to receive or send the information data of the microgrid Agent are as follows:

(A) Protocol scheduling step, scheduling the communication protocol suitable for the current communication network in the constructed communication protocol library;

(B) The communication step, and then obtain the data sent by the microgrid Agent or the main control module through the communication interface according to the communication protocol suitable for the current communication network obtained in step (A);

(C) The data processing step is responsible for analyzing and processing the data in step (B).

The data processing steps are as follows:

(I) The validity verification step is to obtain the data information in the communication network, and verify the validity of the communication station number, the number of data bytes and the data check. If one of the verifications fails, the entire frame of data is discarded; If the verification is passed, the data type processing step is performed;

(II) The data type processing step is used to process the data type of the data information that has passed the validity verification. The basic types of data include: bit type, byte type, word type, double word type, and floating point number type;

(Ⅲ) Rule conversion step, which is used to convert the data information of step (I) and step (II) according to different rules, and if no conversion is required, the data information is directly transmitted to the main control module of the application layer; data processing The received data is checked and extracted according to different protocol syntax formats; after the data processing is completed, the data in the receiving buffer is dynamically refreshed, and the buffer is shared with the main control module.

Advantage and positive effect of the present invention are:

1. The present invention adopts multi-agent technology, and by proposing a coordinated control strategy within the microgrid and with the superior grid, the coordinated control of the microgrid is further optimized. Generally speaking, the hierarchical control of the power network including the microgrid is realized, thereby reducing the risk of a single distributed power supply operation and improving the reliability of the entire power grid operation.

2. The present invention adopts the DSP+ARM dual-core CPU architecture, the software realizes division of labor and cooperation, fully utilizes the processing and control advantages of DSP and ARM processors, and constitutes a control and management integrated machine to complete the design function of intelligent measurement and control of the microgrid, adapting to the microgrid Real-time requirements for power grid monitoring.

3. The heterogeneous communication module of the present invention is implemented using the design idea of heterogeneous communication middleware HCM (Heterogeneous Communication Middleware , heterogeneous communication middleware), and a solution is designed to realize the intercommunication and intercommunication of the microgrid heterogeneous communication network It is convenient for application layer users to develop applications and improves development efficiency.

3. The micro-meteorological monitoring of the present invention is realized based on ZigBee wireless sensor network technology, and has the advantages of wireless, small size, low power consumption, and low cost. Compared with the existing energy management device, the present invention fully considers the convenience and real-time performance of energy management and micro-meteorological information collection, and designs a set of micro-grid monitoring and energy monitoring and energy management system with micro-meteorological information collection function based on wireless sensor network technology. management device. The on-site monitoring host and the nodes connected to the main controller module form a micro-wireless network to detect micro-meteorological environment characteristics and electrical characteristics of the line, and realize real-time monitoring of various characteristics. Low cost, high convenience, strong real-time performance, and strong flexibility.

4. The present invention adopts a highly unified hardware platform, a standardized information model, an abstract communication service interface and a standardized special communication service mapping, which solves the interoperability problem in the microgrid, facilitates the seamless integration of the system, and reduces installation, commissioning and operating costs, and maximize the benefits brought by the microgrid.

5. The present invention designs a variety of communication interfaces, which can adapt to various existing communication media in the microgrid (including synchronous/asynchronous RS232/RS485 serial ports, wireless networks, controller local area network buses, and network communication protocols TCP/IP, etc.) , Built-in a variety of protocol libraries, which can efficiently convert communication protocols at all levels, and is suitable for the monitoring needs of equipment from different manufacturers. The Ethernet-based communication protocol is used to transmit information between the intelligent measurement and control terminals and the microgrid Agent, which meets the requirements of the rapid response of the microgrid system.

6. Due to the use of modular flexible design technology in the present invention, the volume of the device is greatly reduced and the wiring is simple. The hardware structure design adopts standard cards based on expansion slots, which can flexibly configure hardware resources according to user needs. It is convenient for installation and debugging, flexible in structure and strong in scalability, which provides convenience for further development and upgrading of products.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of the microgrid multi-agent system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the hardware structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a DSP and ARM data transmission circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of DSP data acquisition of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the ZigBee micro-meteorological monitoring module in the wind farm Agent of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of a heterogeneous communication module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a structural block diagram of the communication protocol scheduling module of the heterogeneous communication module in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: this embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are provided, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following the described embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1, the intelligent measurement and control terminal, the micro-grid Agent, and the upper-level grid Agent are divided into three layers for coordinated control. All underlying components (including generators, loads, etc.) in the microgrid are controlled and operated by independent intelligent measurement and control terminals. At the same time, the microgrid Agent is set to manage these agents, such as: receiving information from intelligent measurement and control terminals, and providing corresponding control strategies according to the microgrid operating status and adjustment strategies. The micro-grid Agent and the upper-level grid Agent solve the task division and the allocation of shared resources among the agents through communication and coordination. The superior power grid Agent is responsible for the coordination and scheduling of the power market and various agents, and makes major decisions based on the microgrid agent information. A certain amount of data communication is also maintained between different Agents to better ensure the rationality of their respective decisions. This structure and communication method adapts to the distributed, complex and flexible characteristics of the microgrid.

As shown in Figure 2, the microgrid intelligent measurement and control terminal includes a main control module, a data acquisition module, a protection control output module, and a heterogeneous communication module. The data acquisition module collects real-time data information of each underlying component in the microgrid, and The real-time data information is transmitted to the main control module, the main control module stores and processes the real-time data information collected by the data acquisition module, and sends the real-time data information to the upper microgrid agent through the heterogeneous communication module; at the same time, the main control module passes The heterogeneous communication module receives the control command of the microgrid Agent, and transmits the control command to each underlying component in the microgrid through the protection control output module to control its working state.

Specific application examples:

In this embodiment, the intelligent measurement and control terminal is applied in the multi-agent system of the microgrid, which also includes the Agent of the microgrid and the Agent of the superior power grid. In this embodiment, the intelligent measurement and control terminal is an agent for components such as a photovoltaic cell Agent, a storage battery Agent, a fuel cell Agent, a wind farm Agent, and a load Agent. They communicate with microgrid agents in a request/response manner through the data transfer functions in the component modules. Microgrid Agent includes all microgrid agents, and a small amount of data exchange is carried out between microgrid agents through communication. The control strategy is transmitted to the intelligent measurement and control terminal, and the intelligent measurement and control terminal controls the corresponding agent by itself.

the

Each Agent has data processing and communication functions. At the same time, each Agent also has its own different functions: the microgrid Agent has the functions of comprehensive data processing, plan formulation, command issuance and grid connection with the main grid; the photovoltaic battery Agent has the maximum power point Tracking (MPPT) function, battery panel monitoring and protection function, inverter grid connection function; fuel cell Agent has water treatment, fuel treatment and air supply, hydrogen and oxygen content monitoring and fuel injection control, heat treatment, power regulation and grid connection, etc. Functions; the battery Agent has the functions of monitoring battery voltage, current, and energy storage, as well as charging and discharging functions and start-stop limiting functions.

The hardware implementation scheme of the intelligent measurement and control terminal is as follows:

1. Main control module

The main control module adopts DSP+ARM dual-core CPU architecture design, including DSP chip and ARM chip, and also includes display device and data storage module.

DSP is mainly used as a platform for calculating various electrical signal parameters. It adopts TMS320F2812 chip, which is a fixed-point 32-bit DSP chip on the C2000 platform launched by American TI Company. The main frequency can reach up to 150 MHz, and the processing performance can reach 150 MIPS. The instruction cycle is 6.67 ns, which can well meet the real-time requirements. In the DSP, it mainly completes the collection of electrical signals, the calculation of various monitoring quantities, and simultaneously completes the synchronous transmission of calculation results and real-time data with ARM.

The ARM related circuit mainly realizes the storage and management of the power parameter results of the distributed power supply. The main chip adopts AM3359, which is a 32-bit multi-function and low-power ARM chip integrated with ARM Cortex-A8 core launched by TI, and the highest frequency can reach 720 MHz. The hardware circuit includes power supply module, storage module, SD card module, USB module, touch screen module, network communication module, etc., adopts Linux kernel, stable and reliable performance, multi-task mechanism can effectively manage various functions.

There are two ways of data transmission between DSP and ARM, one is serial port SPI transmission, and the other is FIFO memory buffer mode. Due to the small amount of data (only 3-channel voltage and current parameters, etc.), the parameter results obtained after DSP calculations are transmitted infrequently (transmitted once for several s), and are mainly transmitted to ARM through the SPI serial port. In the case of the AD sampling rate of 12.8 k/s (256 sampling points per cycle under the signal base frequency of 50 Hz), the data volume of the 3-channel voltage data plus the 3-channel current data is 76.8 k/s, and the data volume is relatively large, so FIFO is used as cache between DSP and ARM.

DSP and ARM data transmission circuit shown in Figure 3. The FIFO model is SN74V235, 2048×18-Bit capacity, 3.3V power supply, can read and write synchronously, and the read and write cycle is 7.5 ns. On the left side of the FIFO are AD and DSP devices. The DSP controls the AD operation and also operates the FIFO. The chip select signal XZCSO1 of the DSP is connected to the WEN write clock enable signal, and the read operation signal XRD of the DSP is written to the WCLK of the FIFO. Clock signal, in this way, while reading the data collected by AD, it also completes the storage of data by FIFO. The RS reset signal of the FIFO is given by the RESET of the ARM, and the data output pin DO~D15 is connected to the ARM data line DO~D15; the ARM chip select signal nGCS4 is connected to the REN read enable signal of the FIFO; CLKOUT is connected to the read clock RCLK signal; by ARM The nOE of the FIFO gives the OE output bus enable signal of the FIFO; the HF of the FIFO is connected to the EINT2 external interrupt pin of the ARM for applying for an interrupt. When the stored data reaches 1k, the FIFO will send a half-full signal, and the ARM will use this signal as an interrupt signal to read the 1k data, and then decide whether to store the original data in non-volatile storage after an over-limit judgment occurs.

The main control module also includes a data storage module. The data storage module mainly includes synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), NORFLASH memory and NANDFLASH memory, and the three complete different functions according to their respective characteristics.

There are many kinds of synchronous dynamic random access memory devices, this system chooses IS42S16400 chip according to the needs. The chip is a high-speed SDRAM device produced by ISSI Company of the United States, with a storage capacity of 8M bytes and a data width of 16 bits. It has fast read and write speed and stable performance, but it is easy to lose. It can be used to store running programs and data to improve the operating speed of the system. In this system, two IS42S16400s are connected in parallel to form a 32-bit wide storage system.

The NORFLASH memory adopts the chip SST39VF160, the storage capacity is 2M, the bit width is 16bit, the working voltage is 3.3V, and it will not be lost when power off. It is used for curing the program and some fixed value data of the device. The invention expands the NORFLASH memory, and its storage space doubles.

The NANDFLASH memory is K9K2G08U0M from Samsung, which has the characteristics of large capacity and non-volatile. This device can be used to store some micro-meteorological data for micro-grid information modeling.

2. Data acquisition module

The intelligent measurement and control terminal should monitor the operating status of each unit of the microgrid in real time, and send the data collected by the data acquisition module to the microgrid Agent. The monitoring data mainly includes the voltage, current, power and frequency of the system grid; the output voltage, current and power of the inverter, and records the daily AC input power of the grid, the inverter power of the DC side, the daily power consumption of customers, the daily Battery discharge capacity, and inverter auxiliary contact status; photovoltaic panel output voltage, current, power and record the total daily power generation; wind turbine output voltage, current, power and record daily total power generation; battery Voltage, current, power, temperature and record its running time, daily charge and discharge capacity and total charge and discharge ampere hours. In addition, the collected data also includes the voltage, current, power and daily power consumption of important loads.

The power frequency AC data acquisition converts the voltage and current signals on the primary side into secondary signals acceptable to the chip through the voltage and current transformers, and inputs the sampling chip ADC through the signal adjustment circuit for analog-to-digital conversion, and after conversion, it is processed and judged by the DSP. For the collection of voltage and current data output by fans and photovoltaic panels, Hall current and voltage sensors are used to achieve.

The ADC chip AD7656 used in the present invention is a 6-channel 16-bit high-precision, fast, low-power, successive approximation ADC developed by the American ADI Company, and has a 6-channel synchronous sampling function. Figure 4 shows the DSP data acquisition circuit. The AD control signal is generated by an I/O port (timer) of the DSP chip. The AD sampling signal is triggered on the rising edge of the CONVST signal. After the AD conversion is completed, the BUSY signal generates an external interrupt signal of the F2812, causing an INT 1 interrupt. In the interrupt program, read the address of AD 6 times continuously, and then the data of 6 channels can be read out. At the same time, DSP saves the data into FIFO.

The intelligent measurement and control terminal can monitor the status of multiple external switches through binary input circuits, including switch position information, fault alarms, etc. The invention adopts IC-TLP181 high-speed optocoupler chip to isolate the DSP chip and prevent damage to the chip caused by external impact current. When the position information of the switch changes or a fault occurs, the potential change of the contact will cause the binary input circuit to send a displacement pulse to the controller, that is, the level state of the binary input "input" changes from high to low, making the optocoupler The light-emitting diode is turned on, and the generated optical signal will turn on the phototransistor, and the output level of the "triode" will change from high to low, generating a remote signal displacement, and the external capture interrupt of the chip is controlled by DSP to determine which pin corresponds to the amount of information There has been a change.

The micro-meteorological monitoring data collection of intelligent measurement and control terminals such as wind farm Agent and photovoltaic battery Agent is based on ZigBee WSN technology. The following takes the ZigBee micro-meteorological monitoring module of wind farm Agent as an example for specific description. ZigBee wireless sensor network structure shown in Figure 5. The sensor node is responsible for uploading the data collected by the wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure sensor nodes to the routing node. The routing node then sends the data to the coordinator node, which is the summary of the ZigBee micro-meteorological monitoring module. The ZigBee micro-meteorological monitoring module transmits data with the main control module of the wind farm Agent through the serial port, so that the wind farm Agent can obtain meteorological data in real time.

The sensor (acquisition) node is composed of CC2530 wireless module, sensor module and power supply module. CC2530 is a wireless transmission chip of TI Company. It uses 8051 microprocessor as the core, and its own radio frequency transceiver is used to realize the communication of wireless sensor network nodes. It offers improved RF output power, sensitivity, selectivity, and interference immunity in a small package. The layout of the sensor nodes is as follows: the wind speed and direction collection nodes are respectively arranged at 10, 30, and 50 m away from the wind measuring tower. Atmospheric pressure and temperature and humidity sensor nodes are arranged in the shutter box with a distance of less than 30 m from the wind measuring tower and 1.2 m above the ground, and a tree-type sensor network node topology is designed so that the sensor nodes can be used as detection terminals and information transmission. Thus, a multi-hop self-organizing network is formed. The selection and installation of sensors are completely based on the "Measurement Method of Wind Energy Resources in Wind Farms (GB/T 18709-2002)".

3. Protection control output module

The protection and control output circuit, that is, the output circuit is the basis for realizing the management of battery charge and discharge by the measurement and control terminal, protection control, inverter operation mode control, and remote control functions. After the data sampling information is analyzed and judged by DSP, according to the predicted daily load situation, the charge and discharge command is issued to the battery, and the corresponding operation is completed by opening the circuit control switch; to detect whether the operation of each unit inside the microgrid is normal, and if there is a fault, immediately report to the The switch sends an opening pulse to cut off the corresponding operating unit; if a fault occurs on the grid side, the circuit should be opened according to the command issued by the control center to change the operation mode of the inverter and control and adjust the load operation.

The present invention adopts the switching value control circuit outputted by relay contacts. The control signal (low voltage signal) output by DSP and the relay control circuit (high voltage signal) are isolated by optocoupler to ensure the safety of the circuit. The DSP sends out a low-level pulse to light up the light-emitting diode, so that the triode is turned on, the relay action coil is connected, the relay operates, and the corresponding opening and closing operation is completed.

4. Heterogeneous communication module

The heterogeneous communication module is mainly composed of protocol scheduling module, communication module and data processing module, as shown in Figure 6. The following describes the embodiment from the three constituent modules respectively.

4.1 Protocol Scheduling Module

The protocol scheduling module is mainly composed of the communication protocol library and protocol scheduler required by the heterogeneous communication network of the microgrid. The structural block diagram of the protocol scheduling module is shown in Figure 7. For the communication protocol library ProtocolStore, it can be regarded as a forest, ProtocolStore (Tree ₁ , Tree ₂ ... Tree _i ... Tree _N ), N≥0, each tree in the forest Tree _i (Child ₁ , Child ₂ , ... Child _N ), N≥0, is composed of one or more sub-protocol libraries. The protocol scheduling manager schedules the specific communication protocols in the communication protocol library according to the scheduling information provided by the application layer user, and completes the protocol scheduling according to the algorithm of traversing the ProtocolStore forest in order.

4.2 Communication Module

The communication module is an interactive layer in the entire microgrid communication system, including the interface with the upper application layer (main control module) and the interface with the lower network layer. When the main control module needs to read and write data, it transmits the read and write instructions to the framing processor through the application layer interface of the module. The processor performs corresponding processing according to the instructions given by the user, and then communicates with the interface of the network layer through the module after processing. After the communication is successful, the required data is obtained and handed over to the data processing module for data processing.

Since different communication protocols (such as baud rate, etc.) and application environments will affect the system running speed during the communication process, if a single thread is used to complete data processing and communication functions, the overall response speed of the system will be very slow. Therefore, the asynchronous multi-thread processing scheme is adopted, and the framing module and the communication port module use their own independent threads to complete the assembly of data frames and the data interaction with the communication network. The independent thread mode during communication operation can reduce the idle time of the system and improve the throughput of the communication port.

4.3 Data processing module

The data processing module is mainly responsible for analyzing and processing the data obtained through communication, including three sub-modules: data validity verification, data type processing, and rule conversion processing.

(1) Validity verification module, the purpose is to obtain correct data information in the communication network, including communication station number, number of data bytes, data verification and other validity verification. If the verification is passed, the processing of data type and rule conversion is performed, and if one of the verifications fails, the entire frame of data is discarded.

(2) Data type processing module, the basic types of data include: bit (BIT) type, byte (BYTE) type, word (WORD) type, double word (DWORD) type, floating point number (FLOAT) type.

(3) Rule conversion module, the purpose is to convert the data processed by (1) and (2) according to different rules, and if no conversion is required, the data will be directly passed to the application layer main control module. Data processing is set according to a specific communication protocol, and the received data is checked and extracted according to different protocol syntax formats, including data validity check, data type processing, conversion rule processing and other operations. After the data processing is completed, the data in the receiving buffer is dynamically refreshed, and the buffer is shared with the main control module.

A micro-grid multi-agent system using the above-mentioned micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal of the present invention includes a plurality of micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminals, which serve as component Agents to control the operation of each underlying component in the micro-grid, and realize direct distributed energy. control, control of power generation, control of energy storage elements and control of some loads;

Multiple micro-grid Agents, aiming at the internal scheduling operation of the micro-grid, manage the demand or corresponding management of the micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal, including receiving the information of the intelligent measurement and control terminal, and providing corresponding control strategies according to the micro-grid operating status and adjustment strategy;

A higher-level power grid Agent, responsible for the coordination and scheduling of the power market and various agents, and making final decisions based on the information of the micro-grid Agent (micro-grid agent). The intelligent measurement and control terminals and the micro-grid Agent use Ethernet communication protocol to transmit information.

A micro-grid multi-agent system using the above-mentioned micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal, which includes a plurality of micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminals, as component Agents, to control the operation of each underlying component in the micro-grid, and realize direct distributed energy control and power generation Control, control of energy storage elements and control of important loads;

Multiple micro-grid Agents, aiming at the internal scheduling operation of the micro-grid, manage the demand or corresponding management of the micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal, including receiving the information of the intelligent measurement and control terminal, and providing corresponding control strategies according to the micro-grid operating status and adjustment strategy;

A higher-level power grid Agent, responsible for the coordination and scheduling of the power market and various agents, and making final decisions based on the information of the micro-grid Agent (micro-grid agent). The intelligent measurement and control terminals and the micro-grid Agent use Ethernet communication protocol to transmit information.

A microgrid intelligent measurement and control method using a microgrid multi-agent system, characterized in that the method steps are as follows:

(1) The micro-grid is divided into three layers for coordinated control; the micro-grid is divided into the upper-level grid agent module layer, the micro-grid agent module layer and the component agent module layer. Each underlying component in the micro-grid is controlled by an independent intelligent measurement and control terminal. , and at the same time set the microgrid Agent to manage the intelligent measurement and control terminal, and the microgrid Agent and the superior grid Agent solve the task division and the allocation of shared resources among the agents through communication coordination;

(2) Data information collection; the data collection module collects real-time data information of each underlying component in the microgrid, and transmits the real-time data information to the main control module,

(3) Data information is stored and uploaded to the microgrid Agent; the main control module stores and processes the real-time data information collected by the data acquisition module, and sends the real-time data information to the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module;

(4) The microgrid Agent sends control commands to control the underlying components in the microgrid; the main control module receives the control commands from the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module, and transmits the control commands to the microgrid through the protection control output module. Each underlying component.

The specific steps for the above-mentioned heterogeneous communication module to receive or send the information data of the microgrid Agent are as follows:

(A) Protocol scheduling step, scheduling the communication protocol suitable for the current communication network in the constructed communication protocol library;

(B) The communication step, and then obtain the data sent by the microgrid Agent or the main control module through the communication interface according to the communication protocol suitable for the current communication network obtained in step (A);

(C) The data processing step is responsible for analyzing and processing the data in step (B).

The data processing steps are as follows:

(I) The validity verification step is to obtain the data information in the communication network, and verify the validity of the communication station number, the number of data bytes and the data check. If one of the verifications fails, the entire frame of data is discarded; If the verification is passed, the data type processing step is performed;

(II) The data type processing step is used to process the data type of the data information that has passed the validity verification. The basic types of data include: bit type, byte type, word type, double word type, and floating point number type;

(Ⅲ) Rule conversion step, which is used to convert the data information of step (I) and step (II) according to different rules, and if no conversion is required, the data information is directly transmitted to the main control module of the application layer; data processing The received data is checked and extracted according to different protocol syntax formats; after the data processing is completed, the data in the receiving buffer is dynamically refreshed, and the buffer is shared with the main control module.

The present invention adopts the above-mentioned system and its method, as well as the intelligent terminal device, adopts the DSP+ARM dual-core CPU architecture through the main control module, and fully utilizes the processing and control advantages of the DSP and ARM processors to form a control and management integrated machine. The heterogeneous communication module is implemented based on heterogeneous communication technology, and consists of a protocol scheduling module, a communication module and a data processing module, realizing the intercommunication and interconnection of the complex heterogeneous communication network of the microgrid. The micro-meteorological monitoring of the intelligent measurement and control terminal is based on ZigBee wireless sensor network technology, which has the advantages of wireless, small size, low power consumption, and low cost. The invention can improve the safe and stable operation and power generation efficiency of the microgrid.

The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Variations and improvements are possible, which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A microgrid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent technology and heterogeneous communication technology. layer for coordinated control, characterized in that the microgrid intelligent measurement and control terminal includes: a protection control output module that communicates with each bottom element in the microgrid; The heterogeneous communication module is used to receive or transmit the control commands of the microgrid Agent; The data acquisition module is used to collect real-time data information of each bottom element in the microgrid and transmit the real-time data information to the main control module; The main control module is used to store and process the real-time data information collected by the data acquisition module, and send the real-time data information to the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module; at the same time, receive the control command of the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module, And the control command is transmitted to each bottom element in the microgrid through the protection control output module to control the working status of each bottom element in the microgrid; The data acquisition module, heterogeneous communication module and protection control output module are all connected with the main control module. 2. A kind of microgrid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described main control module comprises: Data acquisition processor DSP, as a control machine, is responsible for high-speed data acquisition processing and control protection output; The data storage communication controller, as a management machine, is used to be responsible for data display storage, network communication and human-computer interaction; the data acquisition processor and the data storage communication controller communicate through the FIFO memory and the SPI serial bus to form the main control Dual CPU architecture of the module. 3. A kind of microgrid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described heterogeneous communication module adopts heterogeneous communication middleware, and described heterogeneous communication module is The user provides a unified data access interface to complete the data transmission and processing between the application layer and the bottom layer of the main control module, as well as between the bottom layer and the heterogeneous communication network; The heterogeneous communication module includes: The protocol scheduling module is responsible for scheduling the communication protocols suitable for the current communication network in the constructed communication protocol library; The communication module is used to obtain the data information of the main control module, and perform data interaction with the communication network through the communication interface; The data processing module is responsible for analyzing and processing the data obtained by the communication module. 4. A kind of microgrid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described data processing module comprises: The validity verification module is used to obtain the correct data information in the communication network through the communication module, and to verify the validity of the communication station number, the number of data bytes and the data check. If one of the verifications fails, the entire frame data all discarded; The data type processing module is used to process the data type of the data information that has passed the validity verification. The basic types of data include: bit type, byte type, word type, double word type, and floating point number type; The rule conversion module is used to convert the data information of the validity verification module and the data type processing module according to different rules, and directly transfer the data information to the application layer main control module if no conversion is required. 5. A kind of micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, the data acquisition module includes a current transformer, a voltage transformer, a front-end signal adjustment circuit and a synchronization Data acquisition circuit; the current transformer and the voltage transformer are connected to the synchronous data acquisition circuit through the front-end signal adjustment circuit, and the synchronous data acquisition circuit communicates with the data storage communication controller through the FIFO memory and the data acquisition processor DSP , the power frequency AC data acquisition converts the voltage and current signals on the primary side into secondary signals acceptable to the chip through voltage and current transformers, and inputs the sampling chip ADC through the signal adjustment circuit for analog-to-digital conversion. After conversion, it is sent to the data acquisition processor DSP handles the judgment. 6. a kind of micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described data acquisition module collects meteorological data in real time through the wireless sensor network of ZigBee; The data acquisition module includes a weather monitoring sensor and a ZigBee micro weather monitoring module, and the weather monitoring sensor communicates with the data acquisition processor DSP of the main control module through the ZigBee micro weather monitoring module. 7. A kind of micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal based on multi-agent and heterogeneous communication technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, the main control module also includes a display device and a data storage module, and the display device and data storage module Storage module The data storage modules are all connected with the data storage communication controller, and the data storage modules include synchronous dynamic random access memory, NORFLASH memory and NANDFLASH memory. 8. A micro-grid multi-agent system utilizing the micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal described in any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that: it includes a plurality of micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminals, as component Agent, controls the micro-grid The underlying components operate to realize direct distributed energy control, power generation control, energy storage component control and some load control; Multiple micro-grid Agents, aiming at the internal scheduling operation of the micro-grid, manage the demand or corresponding management of the micro-grid intelligent measurement and control terminal, including receiving the information of the intelligent measurement and control terminal, and providing corresponding control strategies according to the micro-grid operating status and adjustment strategy; A higher-level power grid Agent, responsible for the coordination and scheduling of the power market and various agents, and making final decisions based on the information of the micro-grid Agent (micro-grid agent). The intelligent measurement and control terminals and the micro-grid Agent use Ethernet communication protocol to transmit information. 9. A micro-grid intelligent measurement and control method utilizing the micro-grid multi-agent system claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, its method steps are as follows: (1) The micro-grid is divided into three layers for coordinated control; the micro-grid is divided into the upper-level grid agent module layer, the micro-grid agent module layer and the component agent module layer, and each underlying component in the micro-grid is controlled by an independent intelligent measurement and control terminal. , and at the same time set the microgrid Agent to manage the intelligent measurement and control terminal, and the microgrid Agent and the superior grid Agent solve the task division and the allocation of shared resources among the agents through communication coordination; (2) Data information collection; the data collection module collects real-time data information of each underlying component in the microgrid, and transmits the real-time data information to the main control module, (3) Data information is stored and uploaded to the microgrid Agent; the main control module stores and processes the real-time data information collected by the data acquisition module, and sends the real-time data information to the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module; (4) The microgrid Agent sends control commands to control the underlying components in the microgrid; the main control module receives the control commands from the microgrid Agent through the heterogeneous communication module, and transmits the control commands to the microgrid through the protection control output module. each underlying component; The specific steps for the above-mentioned heterogeneous communication module to receive or send the information data of the microgrid Agent are as follows: (A) Protocol scheduling step, scheduling the communication protocol suitable for the current communication network in the constructed communication protocol library; (B) The communication step, and then obtain the data sent by the microgrid Agent or the main control module through the communication interface according to the communication protocol suitable for the current communication network obtained in step (A); (C) The data processing step is responsible for analyzing and processing the data in step (B). 10. The microgrid intelligent measurement and control method according to claim 9, wherein the data processing steps are as follows: (I) The validity verification step is to obtain the data information in the communication network, and verify the validity of the communication station number, the number of data bytes and the data check. If one of the verifications fails, the entire frame of data is discarded; If the verification is passed, the data type processing step is performed; (II) The data type processing step is used to process the data type of the data information that has passed the validity verification. The basic types of data include: bit type, byte type, word type, double word type, and floating point number type; (Ⅲ) Rule conversion step, which is used to convert the data information of step (I) and step (II) according to different rules. If no conversion is required, the data information is directly transmitted to the main control module of the application layer; data processing The received data is checked and extracted according to different protocol syntax formats; after the data processing is completed, the data in the receiving buffer is dynamically refreshed, and the buffer is shared with the main control module.

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