CN1015084B - 用于植物保存的制剂 - Google Patents
用于植物保存的制剂Info
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- CN1015084B CN1015084B CN86106183A CN86106183A CN1015084B CN 1015084 B CN1015084 B CN 1015084B CN 86106183 A CN86106183 A CN 86106183A CN 86106183 A CN86106183 A CN 86106183A CN 1015084 B CN1015084 B CN 1015084B
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- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 sulfate radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
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- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000351396 Picea asperata Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
一种以溶解形式用于植物和其局部保存的干制剂，该制剂包含一种或多种无机盐，一种或多种染料和1-6%(重量)的有机酸。本发明同时还涉及上述制剂的用途。
Description
本发明涉及的是使植物、甚至在其脱离自然环境后仍能够长时间保持新鲜状态的制剂和方法。
这里所说的植物包括植物、花、灌木和树木以及它们的局部，不言而喻，用于保存植物的制剂和方法可依植物的种类而变化。
出人意外的发现把植物的根或新切割的茎浸泡在除含水和甘油外，还含有一种或多种染料，一种或多种无机盐及一种有机酸，最好为柠檬酸的溶液中，可长时间（一年或更长时间）保持植物和植物局部的自然状态和强度。
进一步发现，特别是针叶树的局部用乙醇或甲醇辅助处理后保存效果更佳。
首先，本发明是关于一种含有一种或多种无机盐，一种或多种染料和1～6%（以重量计）的有机酸的干制剂，并以溶解形式用于植物及其局部的保存。
一般地说，无机盐是水溶性的，但在有机酸存在下可溶解的非水溶性盐也是适用的，如碳酸钙和碳酸镁这样的盐。
依照本发明的干制剂包含最好是由阳离子钾、钠、钙、镁和/或锰和阴离子硝酸根、盐酸根、硫酸根、碳酸根和/或磷酸根组成的无机盐。无机盐最好包括可以作为植物营养物的盐，尤其是硝酸钾。硝酸钾以占无机盐重量的20～100%为宜，无机盐量以占干制剂重量的40～60%为宜。
染料可以是常用的有机染料，诸如酒石黄、喹啉黄、晚霞黄、副
赤黄（Para-Orange）、苋菜红、丽春红、赤藓红、专利蓝和食品绿或它们的混合物。最好依植物在保存过程可能发生的变色情况（如叶绿素）选用染料，以弥补之。或者，选用能带来特别效果的染料，例如，能在冷杉的分枝上产生蓝色阴影或能使植物带上不同于其天然颜色的色彩。优先选用酒石黄和食品绿的混合物，这两类染料已在美国注册登记且被公知，其名称分别为F、D和C黄Nr.5，CI19140和F，D和C绿Nr.3，CI42053。染料量是制剂重量的30～60%，且以38～55%为宜。
有机酸最好为粉末状，且以柠檬酸为佳。柠檬酸的适宜等级是作为商品的，其名称为R.P.Normaque 99.7%的一水合物。柠檬酸为干制剂重量的1～6%且以1.8～5%为宜。
以适当的比例混合无机盐、染料和有机酸以达到形成干的、均匀的组合物的目的。
推荐的干制剂成份以及其最佳的干制剂成份（A）如下所列（以重量百分比计）。
A
硝酸钾 40～50 44
硫酸钠 3～7 5
碳酸钙和带有12%（重量） 8～12 10
镁的碳酸镁混合物
柠檬酸 1.8～2.2 2
酒石黄F、D和C 12～18 15
Nr.5
食品绿F、D和C 22-26 24
No.3
关于干制剂的其他实施例列于后表。
干制剂可以贮存起来，需要用时可将其溶解，且最好是溶解于水和甘油的混合剂中以便用于植物和/或其局部的保存。
水和甘油的混合物以含25～45%体积的甘油和75～55%体积的水为佳。将干制剂以1～3%（重量），最好是大约2.5%（重量）的比例溶解于水和甘油的混合物中。
将植物的根或新切割的茎浸泡在液体制剂中，例如，最好是在周围温度与45℃之间的范围内，相对湿度不超过60%的条件下浸泡20小时到10天，并且随后将带有根或茎的植物或其局部以垂直状态在温暖的、干燥的空气中干燥，以达到保存植物和其局部的目的。
以插花的保存为例，将花茎在22℃下放入含干制剂（A）2.5%（重量）的水和甘油（70/30）溶液中20～30小时，随后把花头朝下干燥大约7天。
把柏树、落叶松类型的植物用同样的制剂（A）在37℃条件下，浸泡1-10天后再干燥可保持其新鲜状态。
对于针叶松、诸如松、冷杉、云杉或它们的局部的保存，可优先使用含有1～2.5%体积乙醇或甲醇的液体制剂。例如，用这样的保存溶液可以在45℃条件下进行处理。
针叶松的保存极为重要，因为这类树经常用于装磺目的，尤其作为圣诞树。本发明提供了一种防止针叶掉落并且能够使树木长时间保持新鲜状态的方法。
依照本发明添加的柠檬酸具有多种功能，它是一种生长刺激素，并对营养物和染料的混合物起稳定作用。此外，有柠檬酸存在时可使
处理温度提高到45℃而不会发生任何反作用。由于温度升高的结果，使甘油在液体制剂中的粘度降低，从而促进、加速并改进了制剂的作用。甘油量可增加到大约40%，这样更有利于保存。
新近发现柠檬酸的存在能使植物具有自然色彩。加入有毒的化学品（像硝酸银）是不必要的，许多国家在法律上禁止这种加入。
依照本发明方法的最终结果可得到触觉柔软、不显得干枯、甚至用力摇动也不会掉落的花木和植物。因而可提供真正耐用的、非脆弱的植物。
下列一些实施例给出了本发明的干基组分，列于下表。数据为重量百分比。
表：
组分 组合配方
1 2 3 4 5
酒石黄 28 28 36 0 16
专利蓝 2 4 2 1 9
食品绿 20 4 0 0 16
苋菜红 0 0 0 20 0
副赤黄 0 0 0 0 0
喹啉黄 0 14 12 0 0
赤藓红 0 0 0 29 0
硝酸钾 34 34 34 34 40
硫酸钠 4 4 4 4 5
碳酸钙、镁混合物 8 8 8 8 9
柠檬酸 4 4 4 4 5
组分 组合配方
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
酒石黄 34 26 36 36 0 20 0 50 0
专利蓝 2 2 2 0 0 2 0 0 0
食品绿 14 8 0 4 0 28 0 0 0
优质苋菜红 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0
喹啉黄 0 14 12 10 0 0 0 0 0
晚霞黄85% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 50
丽春红4R85% 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 0
硝酸钾 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
硫酸钠 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
硫酸锰-水合物 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
磷酸氢钙 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
柠檬酸 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
每一配方的500克与14升的水和6升的甘油混合产生20升的处理溶液，此溶液在周围温度和45℃之间，最好38℃～42℃之间的温度下使用，以保存各种植物及灌木。
Claims (9)
1、一种以溶解形式应用的用于活的植物保存的干制剂，该制剂含有30-60%的至少一种染料，40-60%(重量)的至少一种无机盐，所述无机盐由至少一种选自钾、钠、钙、镁和锰的阳离子和至少一种选自硝酸根、氯化物、硫酸根、碳酸根和磷酸根的阴离子生成，其特征在于，含有1.8-5%，最好是4-5%的柠檬酸。
2、权利要求1的干制剂，其特征在于，所述的染料选自酒石黄，专利蓝，食品绿，苋菜红，副赤黄，喹啉黄，晚霞黄，丽春红4R和赤藓红。
3、权利要求1的干制剂，其特征在于，所述的无机盐选自硝酸钾，硫酸钠，混合碳酸钙和碳酸镁，硫酸镁和磷酸氢钙。
4、一种用于保存植物或其局部的溶液，其特征在于，在包括水和甘油的溶剂中含有权利要求1所述的干制剂。
5、权利要求4的溶液，其特征在于，含有1-3%（重量）的干制剂。
6、权利要求4的溶液，其特征在于，含有25-45%（体积）甘油和75-55%（体积）水，最好是40%（体积）甘油和60%（体积）水。
7、权利要求4的溶液，用于保存针叶树，其特征在于，还含有1-2.5%（体积）的选自乙醇和甲醇的化合物。
8、权利要求4-7任一项所述溶液在保存植物中的用途，其特征在于，将植物的根或新切开在茎下部浸泡在权利要求4的溶液中，随后干燥。
9、权利要求8的用途，其特征在于，在环境湿度不超过60%下，进行浸泡20小时至10天，溶液温度维持在15℃和45℃间，最好是38℃和45℃间。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8511992A FR2585538B1 (fr) | 1985-08-02 | 1985-08-02 | Procede de conservation des vegetaux |
| FR85/11992 | 1985-08-02 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86106183A CN86106183A (zh) | 1987-08-05 |
| CN1015084B true CN1015084B (zh) | 1991-12-18 |
Family
ID=9322008
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86106183A Expired CN1015084B (zh) | 1985-08-02 | 1986-08-01 | 用于植物保存的制剂 |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4710394A (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2673256B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1015084B (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU595521B2 (zh) |
| BE (1) | BE905187A (zh) |
| CH (1) | CH671675A5 (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE3625348C2 (zh) |
| DK (1) | DK367786D0 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES8700012A1 (zh) |
| FR (1) | FR2585538B1 (zh) |
| GB (1) | GB2178294B (zh) |
| IT (1) | IT1195814B (zh) |
| NL (1) | NL8601825A (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO170871C (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ217059A (zh) |
| SE (1) | SE468698B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4980194A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1990-12-25 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Process for making a flame retardant plant |
| US4917922A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1990-04-17 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Flame retardant plant |
| US4828890A (en) * | 1988-04-18 | 1989-05-09 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Method for increasing bleed resistance of preserved plants and products of the method |
| FR2642272B1 (fr) * | 1989-01-30 | 1991-10-04 | Lafaye Guy | Procede et composition de traitement de vegetaux vivants pour la realisation d'elements de vegetaux naturalises |
| WO1991003159A1 (en) * | 1989-08-31 | 1991-03-21 | Daratech Pty. Ltd. | Composition for preserving plants |
| AU654656B2 (en) * | 1989-08-31 | 1994-11-17 | Daratech Pty Ltd | Composition for preserving plants |
| US5399392A (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1995-03-21 | Sellegaard; Lars E. | Method for preserving flowers, particularly roses |
| DK0460332T3 (da) * | 1990-06-07 | 1994-06-06 | Lars E Sellegaard | Metode til konservering af blomster, specielt roser |
| US5135771A (en) * | 1991-01-15 | 1992-08-04 | Vie-Rose, Inc. | Method and composition for prolonging shelf-life of cut flowers |
| FR2683702A1 (fr) * | 1991-11-19 | 1993-05-21 | Vegetaux Stabilises Ste Europ | Procede de conservation de vegetaux et installation pour sa mise en óoeuvre. |
| DK0612219T3 (da) * | 1992-07-15 | 1997-06-16 | Fritz Seiffert | Vandig opløsning og fremgangsmåde til konservering af rå grøntsager og affald fra rå grønsager |
| US5669207A (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1997-09-23 | H.B. Fuller Licensing & Financing, Inc. | Method for tackless packaging of hot melt adhesive |
| US5627132A (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1997-05-06 | Voyager Enterprises Inc. | Method and composition for plant preservation without leaf curling |
| US5798150A (en) * | 1995-11-29 | 1998-08-25 | Morford; Bruce | Preservation of hop plants and plant material |
| US5693361A (en) * | 1996-01-05 | 1997-12-02 | Preserved Botanicals, Inc. | Method for foliage and other plant material dye coloration, preservation and topical seal coating |
| DE20104945U1 (de) | 2001-03-22 | 2001-06-28 | Heidelberger Naturfarben GmbH & Co. KG, 69126 Heidelberg | Farbstoffgemisch |
| JP4394414B2 (ja) * | 2003-10-24 | 2010-01-06 | 久美代 ▼えの▲目 | ススキの着色方法 |
| US7144841B2 (en) * | 2004-10-01 | 2006-12-05 | Rohm And Haas Company | Flower food delivery mechanism with effervescing agent |
| EP1655276A1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-10 | Jan Overwater | Effervescent tablet comprising a colorant |
| US20080070783A1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2008-03-20 | Jan Overwater | Effervescent tablet comprising a colorant |
| MX265785B (es) * | 2004-12-17 | 2009-04-06 | Ct De Investigacion Y Asistenc | Composicion acuosa para la proteccion y fortalecimiento de plantas y su metodo de aplicacion. |
| JP6058462B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-07 | 2017-01-11 | 一希 宮地 | プリザーブドフラワーの製造方法 |
| CN104145949A (zh) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-11-19 | 郎溪县双明生态农业有限公司 | 一种月季切花瓶插液 |
| IS3012B (is) | 2017-07-07 | 2019-04-15 | Embla Productions Hf | Aðferð til vefjavarðveislu |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2978348A (en) * | 1961-04-04 | Method and composition for preserving | ||
| US3678621A (en) * | 1970-07-01 | 1972-07-25 | Robert M Reams | Horticultural method for giving seeds, plants and harvested items hygroscopic character during arid condition |
| JPS4924750A (zh) * | 1972-06-22 | 1974-03-05 | ||
| JPS5011853A (zh) * | 1973-06-04 | 1975-02-06 | ||
| CH603038A5 (zh) * | 1974-04-05 | 1978-08-15 | Lonza Ag | |
| AU519146B2 (en) * | 1977-04-29 | 1981-11-12 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Ethanolamine etal based wood preservative compositions |
| CA1091950A (en) * | 1977-06-16 | 1980-12-23 | Cesar Romero-Sierra | Flower preservation |
| US4349580A (en) * | 1978-08-18 | 1982-09-14 | Queen's University At Kingston | Process and solution for preserving green plant tissues |
| CA1103475A (en) * | 1978-08-18 | 1981-06-23 | Cesar Romero-Sierra | Preservation of green plant tissues |
| CA1103476A (en) * | 1979-01-30 | 1981-06-23 | Cesar Romero-Sierra | Preservation of douglas fir needles |
| FR2454758A1 (fr) * | 1979-04-23 | 1980-11-21 | Nordh Sven | Procede et composition de naturalisation de plantes coniferes |
| US4243693A (en) * | 1979-05-30 | 1981-01-06 | Nordh Sven B L | Method and composition for the preservation of plants |
| DE3126621A1 (de) * | 1981-07-06 | 1983-01-20 | Ruth A. St. Louis mo. Robinson | "verfahren zur konservierung von pflanzenmaterial" |
-
1985
- 1985-08-02 FR FR8511992A patent/FR2585538B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-10-22 ES ES548103A patent/ES8700012A1/es not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-07-11 NL NL8601825A patent/NL8601825A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-07-24 NO NO862987A patent/NO170871C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-25 GB GB8618255A patent/GB2178294B/en not_active Expired
- 1986-07-26 DE DE3625348A patent/DE3625348C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-07-28 BE BE6/48241A patent/BE905187A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-28 US US06/891,119 patent/US4710394A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-07-29 AU AU60646/86A patent/AU595521B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-07-29 CH CH3031/86A patent/CH671675A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-31 SE SE8603272A patent/SE468698B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-08-01 CN CN86106183A patent/CN1015084B/zh not_active Expired
- 1986-08-01 IT IT67623/86A patent/IT1195814B/it active
- 1986-08-01 JP JP61181804A patent/JP2673256B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-08-01 NZ NZ217059A patent/NZ217059A/xx unknown
- 1986-08-01 DK DK367786A patent/DK367786D0/da not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2585538B1 (fr) | 1990-01-05 |
| IT1195814B (it) | 1988-10-27 |
| NO170871C (no) | 1992-12-23 |
| BE905187A (fr) | 1986-11-17 |
| CH671675A5 (zh) | 1989-09-29 |
| DE3625348A1 (de) | 1987-03-05 |
| GB2178294B (en) | 1989-08-16 |
| JP2673256B2 (ja) | 1997-11-05 |
| GB8618255D0 (en) | 1986-09-03 |
| ES548103A0 (es) | 1986-10-16 |
| IT8667623A0 (it) | 1986-08-01 |
| SE8603272D0 (sv) | 1986-07-31 |
| SE468698B (sv) | 1993-03-08 |
| SE8603272L (sv) | 1987-02-03 |
| US4710394A (en) | 1987-12-01 |
| IT8667623A1 (it) | 1988-02-01 |
| NO862987L (no) | 1987-02-03 |
| NO170871B (no) | 1992-09-14 |
| AU6064686A (en) | 1987-02-05 |
| CN86106183A (zh) | 1987-08-05 |
| NL8601825A (nl) | 1987-03-02 |
| GB2178294A (en) | 1987-02-11 |
| NZ217059A (en) | 1989-09-27 |
| JPS6289601A (ja) | 1987-04-24 |
| FR2585538A1 (fr) | 1987-02-06 |
| DK367786D0 (da) | 1986-08-01 |
| ES8700012A1 (es) | 1986-10-16 |
| DE3625348C2 (de) | 1995-07-06 |
| NO862987D0 (no) | 1986-07-24 |
| AU595521B2 (en) | 1990-04-05 |
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