CN101508018A - Method for preventing heavy steel ingot from liquating by different pouring ladles - Google Patents
Method for preventing heavy steel ingot from liquating by different pouring ladles Download PDFInfo
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- CN101508018A CN101508018A CNA2009100108621A CN200910010862A CN101508018A CN 101508018 A CN101508018 A CN 101508018A CN A2009100108621 A CNA2009100108621 A CN A2009100108621A CN 200910010862 A CN200910010862 A CN 200910010862A CN 101508018 A CN101508018 A CN 101508018A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restraining the liquation of a large-sized steel ingot through multi-ladle composite casting, relates to a casting process for large-sized steel ingots of metal molds of all grades below 600t, is applied to a casting process for carbon steel and alloy steel ingots under vacuum and non-vacuum conditions, and has restraint function on the liquation of all components of steel ingots made of various metal materials. The method comprises that: 1) a steel ingot mold is made of grey cast iron; 2) a riser head adopts a heat insulating riser head, and the taper thereof is between 8 and 16 percent; 3) the ratio of the height to the diameter of the steel ingot is 1:1-3:1; 4) the steel ingot is made of carbon steel or alloy steel; 5) different pouring ladles adopt different component ratios; and 6) the pouring process of different pouring ladles adopt different time intervals. The method designs the multi-ladle pouring technical proposal of the large-sized steel ingot, has good restraint function on the liquation of the large-sized steel ingots, and solves the prior problem of the liquation of the large-sized steel ingots in factories.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of method that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation of watering by many inclusions, the casting process that relates to following all the rank metal pattern large-scale steel ingots of 600t, be applied to the casting process of carbon steel and alloy steel ingot under vacuum and the non-vacuum condition, the various component segregations of various metal material steel ingots are all had inhibitory action.
Background technology
Nuclear power is developed by countries in the world as a kind of relative cleaning, safety, cheap energy.In recent years, the development of Chinese national economy grows with each passing day to the demand of the energy, and for solving the sharp contradiction of energy resource supply and energy demand, country puts nuclear energy in the remarkable position of energy development strategy.Therefore, formed the domestic nuclear power EQUIPMENT MARKET GUIDE that great potential is arranged.The large forgings that the nuclear power equipment is required as nuclear power evaporator and 1000MW type low pressure rotor, must utilize hundred tonnes of steel ingots to forge.The uniform large-scale steel ingot of prepared composition is the prerequisite of producing the required large forgings of Important Project such as nuclear power.The process of setting of large-scale steel ingot is very very long, according to steel ingot tonnage difference, do not wait in tens hours to up to a hundred hours, the solute reallocation fully, cause low melting point, low-density elements such as carbon, phosphorus in the solidification front enrichment, add other physical process, as the influence of thermosolutal convection etc., make steel ingot zones of different uneven chemical components, cause gross segregation.Because the steel ingot size is big, need to adopt a plurality of casting ladles to pour into a mould in the casting process, therefore change composition in the casting ladle, control casting ladle duration of pouring, can suppress ingotism, improve ingot quality.
The segregation problem of large-scale steel ingot is researcher and business circles concern extremely.Though form in segregation and to obtain certain progress aspect the mechanism, as determining etc. of segregation type, segregation position, making slow progress aspect the segregation formation controlling, almost there are not effective measures can suppress gross segregation.In the production of large-scale steel ingot,, in casting ladle, aspect alloying component and the selection duration of pouring, be not optimized design in decades, so the problem of gross segregation never solves although factory has taked the method for many bag cast.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of many bags pouring procedure that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation, solve the problem of the present macrotype ingot aliquation of factory.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The present invention has developed a kind of many bags pouring procedure that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation, comprises the steps:
1) the ingot mould material is a grey cast-iron;
2) rising head adopts insulated feeder, and the rising head tapering is 8～16%;
3) ratio of height to diameter of steel ingot (ratio of steel ingot height and average diameter) is 1:1～3:1;
4) the steel ingot material is carbon steel or steel alloy;
5) adopt a plurality of casting ladle cast, different casting ladles adopt the composition proportion of different carbon contents, and according to the rule of segregation, by the sequencing of cast, the carbon content of casting ladle reduces gradually;
6) in the different casting ladle casting process, adopt the different time intervals, according to the rule of segregation, by the sequencing of cast, the cast of casting ladle increases blanking time gradually.In the chemical composition of material therefor of the present invention, by weight percentage, C:0.01～0.75%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%.
Rising head of the present invention adopts insulated feeder, the rising head tapering is 8～16%, insulated feeder is up-small and down-big, and material is a high-quality refractory material: high-alumina brick, corundum, mullite, magnesia brick, magnalium goods or aluminum silicate insulation material etc., there is one deck asbestos insulation board the refractory material outside.
The present invention is applicable to the steel ingot of all ratio of height to diameters, can obtain tangible benefit and use on large-scale steel ingot, and its ratio of height to diameter is generally 1:1～2:1.
The present invention adopts rising head to add exothermic mixture and thermal-insulating covering agent; The ingot mould preheat temperature is 50～200 ℃.
The present invention adopts four bags to pour into a mould, according to the initial composition C of alloy
oDetermine the composition in each casting ladle, the composition in first bag is (C
o+ 0.03%), the composition in second bag is (C
o+ 0.01%), the composition in the three guarantees is (C
o-0.02%), the composition in the 4th bag is (C
o-0.04%).Composition proportion between the different casting ladles is 1.5:1.357:1.143:1.First bag selects high composition can alleviate the bottom negative segregation, and the 4th bag selects low composition can alleviate top normal segregation.The composition proportion of carbon content is 1.5:1.357:1.143:1 between first bag, second bag, three guarantees and the 4th bag.
Among the present invention, the duration of pouring of different casting ladles is different at interval, and first bag cast back 6000s is at interval poured into a mould second bag again, and second bag cast back 60000s is at interval poured into a mould three guarantees again, and three guarantees cast back 120000s is at interval poured into a mould the 4th bag again.
Described method of watering the inhibition macrotype ingot aliquation by many inclusions can also adopt three guarantees to pour into a mould, according to the initial composition C of alloy
oDetermine the composition in each casting ladle, the composition in first bag is (C
o+ 0.03%), the composition in second bag is (C
o+ 0.01%), the composition in the three guarantees is (C
o-0.02%); The duration of pouring of different casting ladles is different at interval, and first bag cast back 6000s is at interval poured into a mould second bag again, and second bag cast back 60000s is at interval poured into a mould three guarantees again.
Described method of watering the inhibition macrotype ingot aliquation by many inclusions can also adopt five bags to pour into a mould, according to the initial composition C of alloy
oDetermine the composition in each casting ladle, the composition in first bag is (C
o+ 0.03%), the composition in second bag is (C
o+ 0.01%), the composition in the three guarantees is (C
o-0.02%), the composition in the 4th bag is (C
o-0.03%), the composition in the 5th bag is (C
o-0.04%); The duration of pouring of different casting ladles is different at interval, first bag cast back 6000s at interval begins to pour into a mould second bag, second bag cast back 60000s at interval begins to pour into a mould three guarantees, and three guarantees cast back 120000s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 4th bag, and the 4th bag cast back 120600s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 5th bag.
Among the present invention, large-scale steel ingot is meant 100～600 tons steel ingot.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. technological design of the present invention is reasonable, composition difference in the different casting ladles, and composition is higher than the initial composition of alloy (standard analysis) in first bag, then solidifies the solid phase composition of separating out and increases, and negative segregation alleviates; After the second bag cast, mix with first bag, composition is higher than standard analysis, then separates out solid phase and becomes branch's composition that more is near the mark; Composition is a little less than standard analysis in the three guarantees, but this moment, there was the solute enrichment in melt, and the fusion of low composition and high composition makes composition decline in the melt; Composition is starkly lower than standard analysis in the 4th bag, and purpose is to alleviate the top negative segregation.
2. technological design of the present invention is reasonable, and the different casting ladle differences duration of pouring increase the time interval, reduce the mixing velocity of variable concentrations in the different casting ladles, embodies the effect of many bag cast better.
3. employing the present invention, bottom negative segregation and top normal segregation all obviously alleviate behind the ingot solidification.
4. the present invention is applicable to the manufacturing of the large-scale steel ingot of various materials.Utilize the present invention to produce large-scale steel ingot and have low segregation, dense structure, characteristics cheaply, be easy to obtain the approval of vast research institution and factory, in case be widely adopted, then can improve ingot quality, that will have tens benefits to hundreds of hundred million.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is large ingot mould assembling schematic diagram, among the figure:
1 ingot mould; 2 steel ingots; 3 insulated feeders; 4 insulation heat-insulating shields; 5 riser busses; 6 exothermic mixtures; 7 thermal-insulating covering agents; 8 air bricks; 9 breather lines; 10 chassis.
Fig. 2 is the figure that predicts the outcome of 360t steel ingot temperature field under many bag pouring conditions;
Fig. 3 is under the congruent condition, and short time interval wraps the cast 360t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome more; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map;
Fig. 4 is under the heterogeneity condition, and short time interval wraps the cast 360t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome more; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map;
Fig. 5 is the 360t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome under the many at interval bag pouring conditions of heterogeneity, different time; Wherein, (a) be the component distributing figure of Case I; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map of Case I; (c) be the component distributing figure of Case II; (d) be the component distributing administrative division map of Case II; (e) be the component distributing figure of Case III; (f) be the component distributing administrative division map of Case III;
Fig. 6 is the 500t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome under heterogeneity, the long-time many at interval bag pouring conditions; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map;
Fig. 7 is that heterogeneity, short time interval wrap under the pouring condition 500t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome more; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map;
Fig. 8 wraps under the pouring condition 500t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome for congruent, long-time interval more; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map;
Fig. 9 is the 600t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome under heterogeneity, the long-time many at interval bag pouring conditions; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map;
Figure 10 is that heterogeneity, short time interval wrap under the pouring condition 600t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome more; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map;
Figure 11 wraps under the pouring condition 600t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome for congruent, long-time interval more; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map.
Figure 12 is the 600t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome under heterogeneity, the short time interval three guarantees pouring condition; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map.
Figure 13 is the 600t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome under heterogeneity, the long-time three guarantees pouring condition at interval; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map.
Figure 14 is the 600t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome under heterogeneity, the short time interval five bag pouring conditions; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map.
Figure 15 is the 600t ingotism figure that predicts the outcome under heterogeneity, the long-time five bag pouring conditions at interval; Wherein, (a) be component distributing figure; (b) be the component distributing administrative division map.
The specific embodiment
The method that the present invention suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation is as follows:
1, the present invention adopts high-quality insulated feeder to make steel ingot top molten steel keep high temperature, helps keeping the steel ingot head temperature, makes riser metal liquid carry out feeding to the steel ingot body, avoids the loose generation of shrinkage cavity.The insulated feeder height obtains vacuum pouring after being calculated by computer simulation software.
Fig. 1 is large ingot mould assembling schematic diagram, ingot mould 1 is arranged on the chassis 10, ingot mould 1 top is provided with insulated feeder 3, insulated feeder 3 arranged outside insulation heat-insulating shield 4, insulation heat-insulating shield 4 arranged outside riser busses 5, cavity in the ingot mould 1 forms steel ingot 2, insulated feeder 3 tops are placed with exothermic mixture 6 and thermal-insulating covering agent 7, precasting breather line 9 in chassis 10, lay air brick 8 around in ingot mould 1 bottom, lay air brick 8 around at ingot mould 1 top, breather line 9 communicates with the air brick 8 of ingot mould 1 bottom.
Fig. 2 is large-scale steel ingot temperature field simulation figure as a result, and as we can see from the figure, the thermoisopleth forming V-shape can form the consecutive solidification from the steel ingot bottom to rising head, helps loose the alleviating of shrinkage cavity.
2, large-scale steel ingot is because setting time long (89 hours), cooldown rate are little, can have comparatively serious segregation after solidifying end, and as shown in Figure 3: there are the negative segregation district in both sides and bottom, and the top is that normal segregation and area occupied surpass the rising head position.In order to solve the low excessively problem of bottom composition, improve the composition in first bag, impel the solid phase composition of separating out earlier to improve, thereby can alleviate negative segregation.In order to solve the too high problem of top composition, can pour into the lower molten metal of composition, the liquid of the solute enrichment that dilution has existed, thus can alleviate normal segregation.First bag to the composition of the 4th bag is respectively among Fig. 4: (C
o+ 0.03%) (C,
o+ 0.01%) (C,
o-0.02%) (C,
o-0.04%), for Fig. 3, bottom negative segregation district area has reduced 28.6%.
3, Duo Bao becomes the branch cast, can reduce the bottom negative segregation, but still there is comparatively serious normal segregation in steel ingot centre and top, so adopt wrap when becoming the branch cast, also will control the duration of pouring at interval more.Three kinds of situations of comparative study, listed as table 1, Case I to Case III cast increases blanking time gradually, gained gross segregation result as shown in Figure 5, negative segregation and normal segregation district area occupied are as shown in table 2.Can see that by contrast when prolonging at interval the duration of pouring after, positive and negative segregation region area all reduces, in the while normal segregation district basic dislocation rising head, this position in the following process process with cut.
The table 1 different durations of pouring of interval
Wherein, Ladle I-Ladle IV is respectively first bag to the 4th bag, %V
TotalRepresent the shared volume of each bag, Time represents the blanking time of adjacent two bag cast, and unit is second (s), and the time is 0 to be meant that first unwraps the time of beginning cast.
Segregation region area under the table 2 different durations of pouring of the interval situation
Wherein, %+ represents the percentage of the normal segregation zone area occupied that exceeds standard; The percentage of the negative segregation zone area occupied that the %-representative exceeds standard.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples in detail the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the ingot mould material is grey cast-iron HT150, and the ingot mould preheat temperature is 50 ℃, and rising head adopts insulated feeder, and the rising head tapering is 11.5%, and the steel ingot ratio of height to diameter is 1.15:1; 500 tons of casting of molten metal weight, overtemperature are 20 ℃, by weight percentage, and 508-3 low-alloy steel chemical composition: C:0.18%, Si:0.20%, Mn:1.45%, Mo:0.5%, Ni:0.75%, Cr:0.15%, P≤0.005%, S≤0.002%, Fe surplus.Exothermic mixture and thermal-insulating covering agent are filled in the rising head top.
Adopting process one: (1) adopts the cast of teeming formula, vacuumizes before the cast, reduces secondary oxidation.(2) use insulated feeder and exothermic mixture and thermal-insulating covering agent simultaneously, reduce steel ingot shrinkage cavity, rarefaction defect as far as possible.(3) first bag cast C contents are the molten steel of 0.21wt%, and the second bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.19wt%, and three guarantees cast C content is the molten steel of 0.16wt%, and the 4th bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.14wt%; The molten steel of the first bag cast accounts for the 50wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the second bag cast accounts for the 32wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel that the molten steel of three guarantees cast accounts for 9%, the four bag cast of total molten steel accounts for 9% of total molten steel; First time of unwrapping the beginning cast represented with 0s that first bag cast back 6000s at interval began to pour into a mould second bag, and second bag cast back 60000s at interval begins to pour into a mould three guarantees, and three guarantees cast back 120000s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 4th bag.
Contrast technology two: (1) is identical with technology one with (2), (3) first bag cast C contents are the molten steel of 0.21wt%, the second bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.19wt%, and three guarantees cast C content is the molten steel of 0.16wt%, and the 4th bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.14wt%; The molten steel of the first bag cast accounts for the 50wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the second bag cast accounts for the 32wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of three guarantees cast accounts for the 9wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the 4th bag cast accounts for the 9wt% of total molten steel; First time of unwrapping the beginning cast represented with 0s that first bag cast back 600s at interval began to pour into a mould second bag, and second bag cast back 1200s at interval begins to pour into a mould three guarantees, and three guarantees cast back 2400s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 4th bag.
Contrast technology three: (1) is identical with technology one with (2), (3) first bag cast C contents are the molten steel of 0.18wt%, the second bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.18wt%, and three guarantees cast C content is the molten steel of 0.18wt%, and the 4th bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.18wt%; The molten steel of the first bag cast accounts for the 50wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the second bag cast accounts for the 32wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of three guarantees cast accounts for the 9wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the 4th bag cast accounts for the 9wt% of total molten steel; First time of unwrapping the beginning cast represented with 0s that first bag cast back 6000s at interval began to pour into a mould second bag, and second bag cast back 60000s at interval begins to pour into a mould three guarantees, and three guarantees cast back 120000s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 4th bag.
The present invention adopts computer simulation software to carry out the simulation of gross segregation, the analog result that Fig. 6 obtains for adopting process one, a spot of negative segregation (account for cumulative volume 8.9%) is arranged at steel ingot both sides, bottom, and top normal segregation major part concentrates in the rising head (account for cumulative volume 12.4%).The gross segregation analog result of Fig. 7 for adopting contrast technology two to obtain, pour into a mould although can see for many bags become branch, but because the duration of pouring is short at interval, steel ingot both sides negative segregation degree obviously increases (account for cumulative volume 26.6%), and normal segregation district in top prolongs (account for cumulative volume 15.1%) to the steel ingot below; The gross segregation analog result of Fig. 8 for adopting contrast technology three to obtain, although can see the duration of pouring prolongs, but because the cast composition does not change, steel ingot both sides and bottom segregation all serious (account for cumulative volume 48.2%), and normal segregation district in top changes not quite (account for cumulative volume 11.7%) for technology one.
So adopting process one, promptly many bags become the branch cast and rationally control the duration of pouring, can effectively suppress segregation and form.
Difference from Example 1 is: the ingot mould material is grey cast-iron HT250, and the ingot mould preheat temperature is 150 ℃, and rising head adopts insulated feeder, and the rising head tapering is 10%; 600 tons of casting of molten metal weight.
The present invention adopts computer simulation software to carry out the simulation of gross segregation, the corresponding technology one of Fig. 9, the corresponding technology two of Figure 10, the corresponding technology three of Figure 11, the corresponding technology four of Figure 12, the corresponding technology five of Figure 13, the corresponding technology six of Figure 14, the corresponding technology seven of Figure 15.
Technology four: (1) adopts the cast of teeming formula, vacuumizes before the cast, reduces secondary oxidation.(2) use insulated feeder and exothermic mixture and thermal-insulating covering agent simultaneously, reduce steel ingot shrinkage cavity, rarefaction defect as far as possible.(3) first bag cast C contents are the molten steel of 0.21wt%, and the second bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.19wt%, and three guarantees cast C content is the molten steel of 0.16wt%; The molten steel of the first bag cast accounts for the 50wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the second bag cast accounts for the 32wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of three guarantees cast accounts for the 18wt% of total molten steel; First time of unwrapping the beginning cast represented with 0s that first bag cast back 600s at interval began to pour into a mould second bag, and second bag cast back 1200s at interval begins to pour into a mould three guarantees.
Technology five: (1) adopts the cast of teeming formula, vacuumizes before the cast, reduces secondary oxidation.(2) use insulated feeder and exothermic mixture and thermal-insulating covering agent simultaneously, reduce steel ingot shrinkage cavity, rarefaction defect as far as possible.(3) first bag cast C contents are the molten steel of 0.21wt%, and the second bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.19wt%, and three guarantees cast C content is the molten steel of 0.16wt%; The molten steel of the first bag cast accounts for the 50wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the second bag cast accounts for the 32wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of three guarantees cast accounts for the 18wt% of total molten steel; First time of unwrapping the beginning cast represented with 0s that first bag cast back 6000s at interval began to pour into a mould second bag, and second bag cast back 60000s at interval begins to pour into a mould three guarantees.
Technology six: (1) adopts the cast of teeming formula, vacuumizes before the cast, reduces secondary oxidation.(2) use insulated feeder and exothermic mixture and thermal-insulating covering agent simultaneously, reduce steel ingot shrinkage cavity, rarefaction defect as far as possible.(3) first bag cast C contents are the molten steel of 0.21wt%, the second bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.19wt%, three guarantees cast C content is the molten steel of 0.16wt%, and the 4th bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.15wt%, and the 5th bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.14wt%; The molten steel of the first bag cast accounts for the 50wt% of total molten steel, the molten steel of the second bag cast accounts for the 32wt% of total molten steel, the molten steel of three guarantees cast accounts for the 9wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the 4th bag cast accounts for the 4.5wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the 5th bag cast accounts for the 4.5wt% of total molten steel; First time of unwrapping the beginning cast was represented with 0s, first bag cast back 600s at interval begins to pour into a mould second bag, second bag cast back 1200s at interval begins to pour into a mould three guarantees, and three guarantees cast back 2400s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 4th bag, and the 4th bag cast back 3600s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 5th bag.
Technology seven: (1) adopts the cast of teeming formula, vacuumizes before the cast, reduces secondary oxidation.(2) use insulated feeder and exothermic mixture and thermal-insulating covering agent simultaneously, reduce steel ingot shrinkage cavity, rarefaction defect as far as possible.(3) first bag cast C contents are the molten steel of 0.21wt%, the second bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.19wt%, three guarantees cast C content is the molten steel of 0.16wt%, and the 4th bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.15wt%, and the 5th bag cast C content is the molten steel of 0.14wt%; The molten steel of the first bag cast accounts for the 50wt% of total molten steel, the molten steel of the second bag cast accounts for the 32wt% of total molten steel, the molten steel of three guarantees cast accounts for the 9wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the 4th bag cast accounts for the 4.5wt% of total molten steel, and the molten steel of the 5th bag cast accounts for the 4.5wt% of total molten steel; First time of unwrapping the beginning cast was represented with 0s, first bag cast back 6000s at interval begins to pour into a mould second bag, second bag cast back 60000s at interval begins to pour into a mould three guarantees, and three guarantees cast back 120000s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 4th bag, and the 4th bag cast back 120600s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 5th bag.
In Fig. 9, a spot of negative segregation (account for cumulative volume 11.9%) is arranged at steel ingot both sides, bottom, and top normal segregation major part concentrates in the rising head (account for cumulative volume 12.4%).The gross segregation analog result of Figure 10 for adopting contrast technology two to obtain, pour into a mould although can see for many bags become branch, but because the duration of pouring is short at interval, steel ingot both sides negative segregation degree obviously increases (account for cumulative volume 15.6%), and normal segregation district in top prolongs (account for cumulative volume 18.0%) to the steel ingot below; The gross segregation analog result of Figure 11 for adopting contrast technology three to obtain, although can see the duration of pouring prolongs, but because the cast composition does not change, steel ingot both sides and bottom segregation all serious (account for cumulative volume 52.5%), and normal segregation district in top changes not quite (accounting for cumulative volume 12.7%) with respect to technology one for.
Figure 12 and Figure 13 all adopt three guarantees cast, but both different be the duration of pouring at interval.In Figure 12, the negative segregation district of steel ingot both sides and bottom accounts for 15.8% of cumulative volume, and normal segregation district in top accounts for 17.9% of cumulative volume.In Figure 13, the negative segregation district of steel ingot both sides and bottom accounts for 11.7% of cumulative volume, and normal segregation district in top accounts for 16.5% of cumulative volume.
Figure 14 and Figure 15 all adopt five bag cast, but both different be the duration of pouring at interval.In Figure 14, the negative segregation district of steel ingot both sides and bottom accounts for 15.5% of cumulative volume, and normal segregation district in top accounts for 17.2% of cumulative volume.In Figure 15, the negative segregation district of steel ingot both sides and bottom accounts for 11.0% of cumulative volume, and normal segregation district in top accounts for 16.1% of cumulative volume.
The course of work of the present invention and result:
Become the methods that the many bags of branchs are poured into a mould because the present invention adopts, composition proportion, the duration of pouring in each casting ladle of choose reasonable, significantly to improve the segregation problem of large-scale steel ingot.
The result of embodiment shows, the present invention is a foundation with the large-scale steel ingot Computer simulation results, designed large-scale steel ingot becomes the many bags of branch pouring technologies, and the segregation of large-scale steel ingot is had good inhibitory effect, is applicable to the manufacturing of the large-scale steel ingot of various materials such as carbon steel or steel alloy.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of method of watering the inhibition macrotype ingot aliquation by many inclusions is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) the ingot mould material is a grey cast-iron;
2) rising head adopts insulated feeder, and the rising head tapering is 8～16%;
3) ratio of height to diameter of steel ingot is 1:1～3:1;
4) the steel ingot material is carbon steel or steel alloy;
5) adopt a plurality of casting ladle cast, different casting ladles adopt the composition proportion of different carbon contents, and according to the rule of segregation, by the sequencing of cast, the carbon content of casting ladle reduces gradually;
6) in the different casting ladle casting process, adopt the different time intervals, according to the rule of segregation, by the sequencing of cast, the cast of casting ladle increases blanking time gradually.
2, water the method that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation according to claim 1 is described by many inclusions, it is characterized in that: the ingot mould material is grey cast-iron HT150, HT200 or HT250.
3, according to the described method that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation of watering by many inclusions of claim 1, it is characterized in that: insulated feeder is up-small and down-big, material is a high-quality refractory material, adopt high-alumina brick, corundum, mullite, magnesia brick, magnalium goods or alumina silicate as insulation material, there is one deck asbestos insulation board the outside.
4, water the method that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation according to claim 1 is described by many inclusions, it is characterized in that, in the chemical composition of carbon steel or alloy steel ingot, by weight percentage, C:0.01～0.75%, P≤0.02%, S≤0.02%.
5, water the method that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation according to claim 1 is described by many inclusions, it is characterized in that: adopt four bags to pour into a mould, according to the initial composition C of alloy
oDetermine the composition in each casting ladle, the composition in first bag is (C
o+ 0.03%), the composition in second bag is (C
o+ 0.01%), the composition in the three guarantees is (C
o-0.02%), the composition in the 4th bag is (C
o-0.04%).
6, water the method that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation according to claim 5 is described by many inclusions, it is characterized in that: the composition proportion of carbon content is 1.5:1.357:1.143:1 between first bag, second bag, three guarantees and the 4th bag.
7, according to the described method that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation of watering by many inclusions of claim 5, it is characterized in that: the duration of pouring of different casting ladles is different at interval, first bag cast back 6000s is at interval poured into a mould second bag again, second bag cast back 60000s is at interval poured into a mould three guarantees again, and three guarantees cast back 120000s is at interval poured into a mould the 4th bag again.
8, water the method that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation according to claim 1 is described by many inclusions, it is characterized in that: adopt three guarantees to pour into a mould, according to the initial composition C of alloy
oDetermine the composition in each casting ladle, the composition in first bag is (C
o+ 0.03%), the composition in second bag is (C
o+ 0.01%), the composition in the three guarantees is (C
o-0.02%); The duration of pouring of different casting ladles is different at interval, and first bag cast back 6000s is at interval poured into a mould second bag again, and second bag cast back 60000s is at interval poured into a mould three guarantees again.
9, water the method that suppresses macrotype ingot aliquation according to claim 1 is described by many inclusions, it is characterized in that: adopt five bags to pour into a mould, according to the initial composition C of alloy
oDetermine the composition in each casting ladle, the composition in first bag is (C
o+ 0.03%), the composition in second bag is (C
o+ 0.01%), the composition in the three guarantees is (C
o-0.02%), the composition in the 4th bag is (C
o-0.03%), the composition in the 5th bag is (C
o-0.04%); The duration of pouring of different casting ladles is different at interval, first bag cast back 6000s at interval begins to pour into a mould second bag, second bag cast back 60000s at interval begins to pour into a mould three guarantees, and three guarantees cast back 120000s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 4th bag, and the 4th bag cast back 120600s at interval begins to pour into a mould the 5th bag.
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| CNA2009100108621A CN101508018A (en) | 2009-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | Method for preventing heavy steel ingot from liquating by different pouring ladles |
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| CNA2009100108621A CN101508018A (en) | 2009-03-25 | 2009-03-25 | Method for preventing heavy steel ingot from liquating by different pouring ladles |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102166632A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-08-31 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Casting method of large-scale steel ingot |
| CN102873282A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-16 | 北京科技大学 | Point casting process for large metal cast ingots |
| CN104439124A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 清华大学 | Method for restraining macrosegregation of large steel ingot |
| CN104889333A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-09 | 天津市航宇金属加工有限公司 | Mould with heatproof risers |
| CN105665657A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-06-15 | 上海交通大学 | Discrete casting method for preparing homogenized cast ingot |
| CN105945246A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 上海交通大学 | Dispersion additive casting method for preparing homogenized ingot by use of variable components |
| CN112808952A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-18 | 中航上大高温合金材料有限公司 | Improved heat insulation plate |
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2009
- 2009-03-25 CN CNA2009100108621A patent/CN101508018A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102166632A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-08-31 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Casting method of large-scale steel ingot |
| CN102166632B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-12-05 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Casting method of large-scale steel ingot |
| CN102873282A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2013-01-16 | 北京科技大学 | Point casting process for large metal cast ingots |
| CN104439124A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 清华大学 | Method for restraining macrosegregation of large steel ingot |
| CN104889333A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-09 | 天津市航宇金属加工有限公司 | Mould with heatproof risers |
| CN105665657A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-06-15 | 上海交通大学 | Discrete casting method for preparing homogenized cast ingot |
| CN105945246A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-21 | 上海交通大学 | Dispersion additive casting method for preparing homogenized ingot by use of variable components |
| CN112808952A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-18 | 中航上大高温合金材料有限公司 | Improved heat insulation plate |
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