CN101502235A - Single year and single point method for screening wide adaptation type rice in the same ecological rice area - Google Patents
Single year and single point method for screening wide adaptation type rice in the same ecological rice area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for filtrating eurytopic rice in the ecological rice area through single-year single-point. Each rice material or hybrid combination in the ecological rice area is artificially cultivated and managed in local natural environment. Through a method for executing parallel screening to the characteristics of high light intensity resistance adaptability, low light intensity resistance, water shortage resistance, high fertilizer content resistance and presenility resistance of rice plant strain, the rice material or hybrid combination which has at least three characteristic advantages and fruit generation rate larger than or equal to 90% is screened out to be used as the eurytopic rice material in the ecological rice area. The method of the invention not only saves time and used land, but also can be combined with the rice breeding. The work capacity is reduced. The eurytopic characteristic of material can be obtained at the early period of rice breeding thereby increasing the precision of seed selection and breeding efficiency. The method of the invention has the advantages of saving the used land and increasing the precision of eurytopic breeding of rice.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plant physiology ecosphere, especially with physiology, ecological and rice breeding organically combines, and a kind of screening technique that adapts to the wide adaptation type paddy rice in this ecological rice district at screening in each ecological rice district is provided.
Background technology
The huge achievement of rice high yield breeding has successfully solved the food problem of China's 1,300,000,000 populations.But expanding economy, the increase of population and the minimizing of ploughing make China's food supply be in tight poised state for a long time all the time.In fact, the combination of the super hybridized rice cultivating at present and promote exist the ripe phase can not satisfy diversified demand, to problems such as high fertile dependence and annidation are not strong yet, seriously limited some and promoted mainly the popularization of rice varieties and the performance of yield potentiality.Analyzing reason, then is that the eurytopic screening technique of paddy rice in the field that can use of rice breeding scholar is never set up.
The research of cultivating the wide adaptation type rice varieties is to guarantee to have one of research contents of strategic meaning in the paddy rice sustainable development.Eurytopicity (Eurytropic) is the notion that comes from microorganism, the adaptive form that mainly refers to bacterial strain, and first by CMMYT (International Maize and WheatImprovement Center) by having given crop eurytopic intension again to the breeding research of wheat and corn, it is a kind of genotype can both obtain high yield in multiple environment ability, these environment comprise precipitation (drought, waterlogging), temperature (the warm winter, cold in the late spring, dry-hot wind), damage by disease and insect (the outburst time is widely different with the usual time) and air humidity (He Zhonghu such as (influencing degree of disease), Pang Jiazhi, 1993).Sun Daojie etc. (2006) by in the wheat eurytopicity further investigation not only with its segmentation but also be eurytopicity between interregional eurytopicity and year border.And the adjusting that utilizes the wheat photoperiod sensitivity makes wheat ear when the specific duration of day and bloom, and shields poor environment, guarantees stable (Sun Daojie etc., 2007) of wheat yield.Comparatively speaking, the wide adaptation type breeding research of paddy rice is many in single traits, and directive breeding especially disease-resistant, insect pest is many, and for take into account environment, soil and breeding time, closely-related how anti-material cultivation was then limited.Extensively fit (Deng Qiyun, 2005 such as an anti-fertile type high-quality super hybridization rice " Gui Nongzhan ", " green non-irrigated No. one ", " II excellent 416 " as hybrid rice " II excellent 125 ", " Tianjin rice 291 ", " photo-thermo-sensitive genetic male sterile line Y58S ", the south China reported; Liao Cui is violent etc., and 2006; Qi is strong, and 2007; . Shi Lili etc., 2007; Zhu Qisheng etc., 2007; Woods green hill etc., 2007), though " eurytopicity " characteristics are arranged, because the natural conditions in above-mentioned area, and the breeding work person is different with evaluation index to eurytopic understanding.The enforcement of the national science and technology supporting plan project " the wide adaptation type super hybridized rice newly makes up seed selection and demonstration " of taking the lead by Yuan Longping academician in 2007, just formally drawn back regional wide adaptation type super hybrid rice and cultivated the prelude of research, and the eurytopicity of paddy rice has been classified as the important breeding target of super hybrid rice cultivation from now on.This project is mainly compiled Hunan, Fujian, the rice breeding scholar in Guangdong and Sichuan, the large tracts of land of the multiple spot by is over one year promoted demonstration, the main technical standard that on the cultivation level, has proposed suitable local ecological condition wide adaptation type super hybrid rice output, but this project relate to the eurytopic research of paddy rice be mostly on the Changjiang river, the ecological area in middle reaches and south China etc., be primarily aimed at and cultivate the large-area plantation result of multiple spot that the eurytopicity new lines carries out and finally assert.And in fact at present the eurytopic cultivation screening of paddy rice is generally observed acquisition by the empirical formula that many dependence are carried out multiple years to its morphological feature, and emphasis tuning on cultivation condition, the performance yield potentiality, thereby filter out the wide adaptability kind that is fit to local ecological condition, this process often needs to spend 3～5 years even longer time (depending on climate condition) and large-area experiment place just can be finished, and its breeding efficiency is not high.Tracing it to its cause is because the paddy rice ecotope of various places is totally different, and paddy rice is not comprehensive to the theoretical research that the different ecological area adapts to, suitable field condition simple and feasible
Paddy rice wide adaptation type screening technique complexity, time-consuming, be difficult to water supply rice breeding work person and use.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: obtain at the observation of at present the many dependence of the eurytopic screening of paddy rice being carried out multiple years to its morphological feature, and screening index is also more loaded down with trivial details, damage to material during Screening and Identification is also bigger, usually filter out that the wide adaptability kind needs that are fit to local ecological condition spent 3～5 years even longer time (depending on climate condition) and large-area experiment place just can be finished, the practical problem that its breeding efficiency is not high, provide a kind of in same ecological rice district the method by single year single-point screening wide adaptation type paddy rice.
We studies show that, the paddy rice late growth stage is the critical period of decision rice yield, photosynthetic 70% all is used to form output after blooming, wherein to account for whole blade photosynthetic more than 50% for the photosynthesis of sword-like leave, with the ground of rice plant and the physiological performance of under ground portion inseparable relation arranged.We have long-term observation by the ecological characteristic of paddy rice late growth stage, unbroken wet weather (low light intensity) as the paddy rice late growth stage, the high temperature of later first fine (high light intensity) of plum rains, late growth stage cut off the water supply (moisture scarcity) and high-yield culturing to the withered problems such as (early ageing) of stem green grass or young crops of the back-grouting process of depending on (high fertile) and hybrid rice unduly of fertilizer, and paddy rice had system research to its adaptive physiological mechanism.Thereby determined that the present invention utilizes the weather conditions of single-point (single sample plot) single year (late growth stage), emphasis is in the incident ecological adverse circumstance in Chinese rice district, the late growth stage of paddy rice, respectively to high light intensity, low light intensity, water-fast branch is deficient, the technology that high fertilizer and premature senescence resistance characteristic etc. are carried out parllel screening provides theoretical foundation, mensuration and data analysis by form and physical signs under the various ecotopes, thereby parsed the screening index of the simple key of each ecological adverse circumstance, thereby can obtain the multiple compatibility information of paddy rice season simultaneously at a paddy growth to above-mentioned 5 kinds of ecotopes.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of in same ecological rice district the method by single year single-point screening wide adaptation type paddy rice, it is characterized in that: artificial cultivation management under local natural ecological environment each rice material in this ecological rice district or hybrid combination, by single year single-point high light intensity adaptability at rice material, anti-low intensity properties, the deficient characteristic of water-fast branch, the characteristic of fertile properties of materials of anti-height and premature senescence resistance is carried out parallel screening technique, 3 characteristic advantages will be had in this breeding time at least, the rice material of ripening rate 〉=90% screens simultaneously, as the wide adaptation type paddy rice in this ecological rice district.
In the present invention: described rice material is meant: in identical paddy fields territory, carry out the initial stage of rice variety selective, screening material does not also have the rice material of formal authorization name; The paddy rice that was meant this season plantation in described single year blooms preceding 5 days to the back 20 days time range of blooming; Described single-point is meant single sample plot, and the area of sample plot is no less than 30m
2
In the present invention: carry out parallel screening technique at the characteristic of the high light intensity adaptability of rice material or hybrid combination, anti-low light intensity, water-fast branch scarcity, anti-high fertilizer and premature senescence resistance and be meant:
Anti-high light intensity adaptability screening is to bloom preceding 5 days in paddy rice, getting 3 paddy rice the 2nd blade reciprocal is put in the ceramic whiteware dish that fills with running water, push down with the clear glass piece, under outdoor fine sunshine, handled 5～7 days, measure the decline of the chlorophyll content before and after handling with the leaf disk method, and judge the variation of leaf look;
Anti-low intensity properties screening is in bloom back the 7th day of paddy rice, gets on the sword-like leave of field respectively, neutralization 10 leaf disks of different parts down, dries to constant weight, and it is heavy to calculate the food value of leaf; Described leaf disk diameter is 0.5 centimetre, the described food value of leaf heavily is the dry weight of unit are blade, and be aided with the processing of manually sheltering from heat or light, with the shading screen 21d that shades, measure respectively shade and the natural lighting condition under the dry matter weight of growth plant, the percentage that accounts for growth plant dry weight under the natural daylight condition with the dry weight of plant under the condition of sheltering from heat or light as anti-low intensity properties with reference to index;
The deficient characteristic screening of water-fast branch is at rice anthesis, in conjunction with the conventional water management-dry field in field, and the variation of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters-maximum photochemistry efficient Fv/Fm of fine day sword-like leave at noon when measuring dry field;
The screening of the fertile properties of materials of anti-height is to bloom back 10 days in paddy rice, chooses 10 individual plant list stems of field growing, measure its afternoon on the same day 16:00 to the stem bleeding total amount between the morning next day 8:00;
The characteristic of premature senescence resistance is the dynamic change according to the back sword-like leave chlorophyll content of blooming, measure respectively with the chlorophyll instrument and bloomed back 8 days and the chlorophyll content of 20 disjunctor sword-like leaves, each blade get respectively blade on, in and 10 data of bottom mensuration, average.
In the present invention: described characteristic advantage is meant:
After handling by high light intensity, blade still keeps green or has only the blade tip flavescence, and chlorophyll content reduces, and not to be higher than 40% rice material be the rice material with anti-high light intensity adaptability advantage;
The heavy rice material of value between 0.002-0.0026 of the sword-like leave food value of leaf is the rice material with anti-low intensity properties advantage after blooming 7 days;
The value 0.8 of the maximum photochemistry efficient Fv/Fm of fine day sword-like leave at noon is a threshold value when the rice anthesis dry field, is that drought-enduring rice material is the rice material with the deficient characteristic advantage of water-fast branch greater than 0.8;
Is the rice material with the fertile properties of materials advantage of anti-height with the stem bleeding total amount of 10 the back 10 days single stems of blooming greater than the rice material of 3.0g;
Not being higher than 10% rice material at 20 days than 7 days minimizing with the sword-like leave chlorophyll content is the rice material with characteristic advantage of rice premature senescence resistance.
The invention has the advantages that: rice material or hybrid combination under local natural ecological environment the artificial cultivation management of the present invention in this ecological rice district, each rice material or hybrid combination are no less than 30m at one
2The sample plot of paddy rice in, by the breeding time of paddy rice, select diverse ways for use at different time respectively, just can parllel screening and the compatibility information of evaluation and these closely-related 5 kinds of ecotopes in ecological rice district, both saved the time, saved land used again, but also can combine with rice breeding, reduced workload, just can obtain the eurytopicity feature of material, thereby improved the accuracy and the breeding efficiency of seed selection at the initial stage of paddy rice seed selection.
Embodiment
Following examples are only in the ecological rice district of Yangze river and Huai river (coverage area is Jiangsu and Anhui Dao Qu), by adopting the present invention to screen to two contrast high-yield rice kinds on 48 indica type rice material hybrid combinations and the present China Rice Production, in the hope of obtaining the wide adaptation type paddy rice is example, is not to concrete restriction of the present invention.
The plantation of embodiment 1 rice material
(rice material is the rice material of not authorizing in 48 indica type rice material hybrid combinations adopting, plantation be numbered the sz744-sz791 serial number certainly), with two high-yield rice kind two line systems and Shanyou 63, all are the good hybrid rice kinds of Chinese popularizing area maximum and adaptability, material is sowed rice transplanting on June 12 in 2007 on May 12nd, 2007 in contrast, each indica type rice material hybrid combination and control material kind partition are planted in experimental field, academy of agricultural sciences, Jiangsu Province, every district 30m
2, the interval is provided with every limit and sets up 3 row guard row separately, in the breeding time of paddy rice, carries out normal rice field management synchronously.
Embodiment 2 paddy rice are to the adaptability screening of high light intensity
Bloomed preceding 5 days in paddy rice, each indica type rice material hybrid combination and control material kind are got 3 rice leafs that fall 2 leaves at random and are put in the ceramic whiteware dish that fills with running water, push down with the clear glass piece, under outdoor fine sunshine, handled 5～7 days, measure the chlorophyll content of handling front and back with the leaf disk method, and the variation that is aided with the leaf look is as the adaptive screening index of high light intensity, it is 1 grade that the leaf look keeps green, the blade tip flavescence is 2 grades, it is 3 grades that 1/3 blade flavescence is arranged, 1/2 blade flavescence is 4 grades, whole leaf flavescence is 5 grades, and wherein 1 grade and 2 grades and chlorophyll content reduction are not higher than 40% and are the rice material of anti-high light, and qualification result sees Table 1, from 50 materials, filter out 12 materials (1 grade and 2 grades), account for 24% of screening material with high light intensity adaptability advantage.
The different rice materials of table 1. are to the adaptive screening of high light intensity (2007)
Remarks: the ordering of this table rice material be by the rank of anti-high light intensity by 1 grade to 5 grades of arrangements.It is 1 grade that the leaf look keeps green, and the blade tip flavescence is 2 grades, and it is 3 grades that 1/3 blade flavescence is arranged, and 1/2 blade flavescence is 4 grades, and whole leaf flavescence is 5 grades, and wherein 1 grade and 2 grades and chlorophyll content reduce and be not higher than 40% and be the rice material of anti-high light, use " # " to represent at table.
The mensuration of chlorophyll content: 10 leaf disks on the water intaking rice blade, each leaf disk diameter is 0.5cm, the ethanol of putting into 10ml 96% is in the volumetric flask extracting, 30 ℃ of extractings are 7 days darkling, the light absorption of mensuration 665 and 649nm on spectrophotometer then, thereby the chlorophyll content and the chlorophyllous reduction=(Ch1 of mensuration blade
Before the processing-Ch1
After the processing)/Ch1
Before the processing* 100%.
Embodiment 3 paddy rice are to the adaptability screening of low light intensity
Bloomed back the 7th day in paddy rice, indica type rice material hybrid combination and control material kind are got on the sword-like leave at random to each in the field, different parts is made a call to 10 leaf disks (the leaf disk diameter is 0.5 centimetre) under the neutralization, wrap with masking foil, putting into 105 ℃ at once completed 15 minutes, dry to constant weight at 80 ℃ then, weigh the dry weight of leaf disk in the balance, the area with blade removes dry weight then, the food value of leaf that just can calculate the paddy rice sword-like leave is heavy, sees Table 2.And will be in the shooting stage, each rice material is got 6 strains and is planted respectively into two basin alms bowl (d=20cm, h=40cm) in, with the shading screen 21d (shading screen can hide about 20% light) that shades, measure respectively shade and the natural lighting condition under the dry matter weight of growth plant, the percentage that accounts for growth plant dry weight under the natural daylight condition with the dry weight of plant under the condition of sheltering from heat or light as anti-low intensity properties with reference to index.The criterion of judging anti-low light intensity material is the heavy material of value between 0.0020-0.0026 of the sword-like leave food value of leaf after blooming 7 days, and need to satisfy the condition total dry weight that shelter from heat or light account for natural conditions do not shade percentage under handling more than or equal to 50% as anti-cloudy index, there are 10 materials to have anti-low intensity properties advantage, account for 20% of whole screening material.
50 different paddy rice of table 2 make up the screening (2007) of anti-low intensity properties
Remarks: the ordering of this table rice material accounts for natural conditions plant dry weight percentage according to the condition plant dry weight of sheltering from heat or light and arranges from high to low, wherein shelters from heat or light/contain " # " in the percentage in land for growing field crops and be the rice material of anti-low light intensity.
Embodiment 4 paddy rice are water-fast divides deficient Screening and Identification
Maximum photochemistry efficient (Fv/Fm) is the physical signs of plant inherence, and performance is stable usually, and it is worth more than 0.8.But the Fv/Fm that we studies show that paddy rice can influence the motion of pore with the change of light intensity and temperature in the fine day in summer, especially fine noon since stomatal closure, Fv/Fm obviously descends, this phenomenon is consistent with the response of paddy rice experience moisture scarcity.Therefore, present embodiment is chosen rice anthesis, in conjunction with the conventional water management-dry field in field, measure the variation of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters-maximum photochemistry efficient (Fv/Fm) of fine day blade at noon, with Fv/Fm value 0.8 is threshold value, greater than 0.8 being the deficient kind of water-fast branch, is the deficient kind of not water-fast branch less than 0.8, value in conjunction with Fo, Fo is low more, and water-fast more branch is deficient, according to above-mentioned standard, determine 20 materials, account for 40% of screening material with the deficient advantage of water-fast branch.With Fv/Fm value 0.8 is standard, and greater than 0.8 being the deficient material of water-fast branch, less than 0.8 being to the deficient responsive material of moisture, and in conjunction with the value of Fo, Fo is low more, water-fast more branchs scarcity.
The screening that 50 different paddy rice of table 3 make up the deficient characteristic of water-fast branch
Remarks: the ordering of this table material is arranged from high to low according to maximum photochemistry efficient Fv/Fm, is standard with Fv/Fm value 0.8, greater than 0.8 being the deficient material of water-fast branch, in the table with " # " expression.
The mensuration of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters-maximum photochemistry efficient (Fv/Fm): (Hansatech UK) measures the chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics parameter with the FMS2 luminoscope.Do with light 1200 μ molm
-2S
-1, saturation pulse light 4000 μ molm
-2S
-1, flash of light (0.9 μ molm
-2S
-1) 2s, interval 30s, each material repeats for 3 times.The fluorescence kinetics parameter is calculated as follows: F
v/ F
m=(F
m-F
0) F
m, F wherein
0Be initial fluorescent intensity, F
mBe maximum fluorescence intensity, F
vBe variable fluorescence intensity.
The anti-high fertile Screening and Identification of embodiment 5 paddy rice
Nitrogen is one of essential macroelement of plant growing, is the basic element that constitutes plant corpus, occupies very high proportion in each organ of plant corpus and tissue, and growth and development of plant is had important effect.Bloomed back 10 days in paddy rice, in the experiment field, each indica type rice material hybrid combination and control material kind are chosen 10 individual plant list stems, measure the overhead height of 30cm with ruler, with the plant part more than the scissors clip 30cm, wrap the stem wound with degreasing cotton then, and entangle firm with plastic sack, fetched degreasing cotton by the time of appointment in second day, weigh, promptly to measure its stem bleeding total amount between afternoon on same day 16:00-8:00 in morning next day, measurement result sees Table 4, and the activity of the nitrate reductase of the back 20 days expression nitrogens utilization of will blooming in contrast, judgement is higher than 3.0 the anti-high fertile material that is with 10 total stem bleedings of single stem, and the material that wherein has the fertile material behavior advantage of anti-height is 27, accounts for 54% of whole screening material, situation and criterion of the present invention in conjunction with rice material lodging at that time have good uniformity.
50 different paddy rice of table 4 make up the screening (2007) of the fertile material of anti-height
Remarks: the ordering of this table rice material is sorted from high to low by back 10 days 10 the stem bleedings of blooming, and is higher than 3.0 the anti-high fertile material that is with the total stem bleeding of single stem of 10 days, with " # " expression, and the lodging material of " * " expression field paddy rice in the table.
The Screening and Identification of embodiment 6 paddy rice premature senescence resistances
Dynamic change according to the back sword-like leave chlorophyll content of blooming, wherein 14-20 days is flex point (breaks of the unexpected decline of chlorophyll content just that chlorophyll descends, we studies show that wherein the japonica rice or the long-grained nonglutinous rice flex point of routine were being bloomed back 14 days, and hybrid rice is long owing to breeding time, twice grouting is arranged, therefore its flex point was being bloomed back about 20 days, for unified screening, definite mensuration was bloomed back 20 days), measure respectively with the chlorophyll instrument and to bloom back 8 days and the chlorophyll content of 20 days disjunctor sword-like leaves, each blade get respectively blade on, in and the bottom measure 10 data, average.With the sword-like leave chlorophyll content 20 days than 7 days decay be not higher than 10% be the rice material of premature senescence resistance, in each indica type rice material hybrid combination and control material kind, there are 25 materials to be judged as material, account for 50% of screening material with premature senescence resistance characteristic.
The screening (2007) of 50 paddy rice combinations of table 5 premature senescence resistance characteristic
Remarks: this table rice material is to sort from low to high according to the back 20 days percentage than the decline of the back 8 days chlorophyll contents of blooming of blooming.With the sword-like leave chlorophyll content 20 days than 7 days decay be not higher than 10% be the rice material of premature senescence resistance, in the table with the material of " # " expression premature senescence resistance.
The judgement of embodiment 7 Yangze river and Huai river rice district wide adaptation type paddy rice
The The selection result of above-mentioned 5 physiological properties is gathered, and the material that wherein has 5 adaptability advantages does not have, and has have 2 of 4 characteristic advantages, accounts for 4% of screening material, has have 17 of 3 characteristic advantages, accounts for 34% of whole screening material.The stability of ripening rate is the substantive characteristics of paddy rice " wide adaptation type " kind, therefore, the present invention has done further judgement in conjunction with the ripening rate in screening material later stage, wherein the control material Shanyou 63 is produced exactly and is thought the good material of adaptability, have 3 characteristic advantages, and ripening rate is more than 90%, and the present embodiment judgement has 3 characteristic advantages simultaneously and ripening rate is the material that (comprises 90%) more than 90%%, is judged to be this area's wide adaptation type rice material.Present embodiment filters out 10 of wide adaptation type materials from 50 screened objects, account for 20%.
Table 6 paddy rice different adaptive gathers and the judgement of eurytopicity characteristic
Remarks: this table is just arranged by the wide adaptation type of seed selection material, and is Yangze river and Huai river rice district wide adaptation type rice material with the rice material of " # " mark.
The checking of embodiment 8 The selection result
2008, carry out the checking on the spot in Yangze river and Huai river rice district with 10 eurytopicities that obtained by the method for single year single-point screening wide adaptation type paddy rice in 2007 in the present embodiment 7, two sample plots have been selected, wherein, 5 materials such as sz765, sz775, sz776, sz790 and sz763 are planted in the sample plot (Anhui Dao Qu) of Academy of Agri-Science and Technology Anhui Province, serve as district's examination check variety with the improved seeds two line system; 4 materials such as sz759, sz755, sz751 and sz744 are planted Wujin rice wheat seed farm (southern Jiangsu rice district), serve as district's examination check variety with the improved seeds Shanyou 63.Measure their output performance respectively, result of the test is listed in table 7, and as seen, the material of present embodiment screening is in the different sample plot plantation of Yangze river and Huai river from table 7, and output all is higher than district's examination check variety, and the performance non-lodging, has Wide-adaptive characteristic preferably.
The checking of table 7 pair Yangze river and Huai river rice district wide adaptation type paddy rice
Material number sample plot ripening rate output (kilogram/mu)
Sz765 Academy of Agri-Science and Technology Anhui Province 90.1% 670.3
Sz775 Academy of Agri-Science and Technology Anhui Province 88.9% 603.9
Sz776 Academy of Agri-Science and Technology Anhui Province 89.3% 638.5
Sz790 Academy of Agri-Science and Technology Anhui Province 89.9% 632.3
Sz763 Academy of Agri-Science and Technology Anhui Province 90.3% 656.1
Two line system Academy of Agri-Science and Technology Anhui Province 88.8% 602.5
Sz759 Wujin rice wheat seed farm 93.7% 471.2
Sz755 Wujin rice wheat seed farm 91.9% 467.9
Sz751 Wujin rice wheat seed farm 92.1% 492.9
Sz744 Wujin rice wheat seed farm 90.1% 469.9
Shanyou 63 Wujin rice wheat seed farm 94.7% 467.1
Claims (4)
1, a kind of in same ecological rice district the method by single year single-point screening wide adaptation type paddy rice, it is characterized in that: artificial cultivation management under local natural ecological environment each rice material in this ecological rice district or hybrid combination, by single year single-point anti-high light intensity adaptability at rice plant, anti-low light intensity, water-fast branch is deficient, anti-high fertilizer carries out parallel screening technique with the characteristic of premature senescence resistance, 3 characteristic advantages will be had in this breeding time at least, the rice material or the hybrid combination of ripening rate 〉=90% simultaneously screens, as the wide adaptation type rice material in this ecological rice district.
2, according to claim 1 in same ecological rice district the method by single year single-point screening wide adaptation type paddy rice, it is characterized in that: described rice material is meant: in identical paddy fields territory, carry out the initial stage of rice variety selective, screening material does not also have the rice material of formal authorization name; The paddy rice that was meant this season plantation in described single year is blooming preceding 5 days to the back 20 days time range of blooming; Described single-point is meant single sample plot, and the area of sample plot is no less than 30m
2
3, according to claim 1 and 2 in same ecological rice district by the method for single year single-point screening wide adaptation type paddy rice, it is characterized in that: carry out parallel screening technique at the characteristic of the anti-high light intensity adaptability of rice material or hybrid combination, anti-low light intensity, water-fast branch scarcity, anti-high fertilizer and premature senescence resistance and be meant:
Anti-high light intensity adaptability screening is to bloom preceding 5 days in paddy rice, get 3 paddy rice the 2nd blade reciprocal, be put in the ceramic whiteware dish that fills with running water, push down with the clear glass piece, under outdoor fine sunshine, handled 5～7 days, with the decline of the chlorophyll content before and after the processing of leaf disk method mensuration, and the variation of determination processing posterior lobe look;
Anti-low intensity properties screening is in bloom back the 7th day of paddy rice, gets on the sword-like leave of field respectively, neutralization 10 leaf disks of different parts down, dries to constant weight, and it is heavy to calculate the food value of leaf; Described leaf disk diameter is 0.5 centimetre, the described food value of leaf heavily is the dry weight of unit are blade, and be aided with the processing of manually sheltering from heat or light, with the shading screen 21d that shades, measure respectively shade and the natural lighting condition under the dry matter weight of growth plant, the percentage that accounts for growth plant dry weight under the natural daylight condition with the dry weight of plant under the condition of sheltering from heat or light as anti-low intensity properties with reference to index;
The deficient characteristic screening of water-fast branch is at rice anthesis, in conjunction with the conventional water management-dry field in field, and the variation of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters-maximum photochemistry efficient Fv/Fm of fine day sword-like leave at noon when measuring dry field;
The screening of the fertile properties of materials of anti-height is to bloom back 10 days in paddy rice, chooses 10 individual plant list stems of field growing, measure its afternoon on the same day 16:00 to the stem bleeding total amount between the morning next day 8:00;
The characteristic screening of premature senescence resistance is the dynamic change according to the back sword-like leave chlorophyll content of blooming, measure respectively with the chlorophyll instrument and to bloom back 8 days and the chlorophyll content of 20 days disjunctor sword-like leaves, each blade get respectively the going up of blade, in and the bottom measure 10 data, average.
4, according to claim 1 and 2 in same ecological rice district by the method for single year single-point screening wide adaptation type paddy rice, it is characterized in that: described characteristic advantage is:
After high light intensity processing, it is 1 grade that the leaf look keeps green, the blade tip flavescence is 2 grades, it is 3 grades that 1/3 blade flavescence is arranged, 1/2 blade flavescence is 4 grades, whole leaf flavescence is 5 grades, and wherein blade still keeps green or has only the blade tip flavescence, and chlorophyll content reduces, and not to be higher than 40% rice material be the rice material with anti-high light intensity adaptability advantage;
To account for the LIPIDS OF DRY RICE EMBRYO of natural conditions growth great in the dry weight of paddy rice between the 0.002-0.0026 and under the condition of sheltering from heat or light be the rice material with anti-low intensity properties advantage in the rice material that equals 50% to the heavy value of the sword-like leave food value of leaf after blooming 7 days;
The value 0.8 of the maximum photochemistry efficient Fv/Fm of fine day sword-like leave at noon is a threshold value when the rice anthesis dry field, the rice material for having the deficient characteristic advantage of water-fast branch greater than 0.8;
Is the rice material with the fertile characteristic advantage of anti-height with the stem bleeding total amount of 10 the back 10 days single stems of blooming greater than the rice material of 3.0g;
Not being higher than 10% rice material at 20 days than 7 days minimizing with the sword-like leave chlorophyll content is the rice material with premature senescence resistance characteristic advantage.
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| CN2009100257804A CN101502235B (en) | 2009-03-09 | 2009-03-09 | Single year and single point method for screening wide adaptation type rice in the same ecological rice area |
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| CN2009100257804A CN101502235B (en) | 2009-03-09 | 2009-03-09 | Single year and single point method for screening wide adaptation type rice in the same ecological rice area |
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| CN101502235B CN101502235B (en) | 2012-05-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107917995A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-04-17 | 湖北瑞晟生物有限责任公司 | A kind of assay method of rose single flower weight |
| CN109644801A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-19 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A method of regeneration rice varieties are screened based on bleeding intensity attenuation rate |
| CN113340820A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-03 | 上海辰山植物园 | Identification method for evaluating waterlogging tolerance of magnolia stelleriana by utilizing photosynthetic property and leaf color |
-
2009
- 2009-03-09 CN CN2009100257804A patent/CN101502235B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107917995A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-04-17 | 湖北瑞晟生物有限责任公司 | A kind of assay method of rose single flower weight |
| CN109644801A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-04-19 | 福建省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A method of regeneration rice varieties are screened based on bleeding intensity attenuation rate |
| CN113340820A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-03 | 上海辰山植物园 | Identification method for evaluating waterlogging tolerance of magnolia stelleriana by utilizing photosynthetic property and leaf color |
| CN113340820B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2023-01-24 | 上海辰山植物园 | Identification method for evaluating waterlogging tolerance of magnolia stelleriana by utilizing photosynthetic property and leaf color |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101502235B (en) | 2012-05-09 |
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